Mercurial > mplayer.hg
annotate DOCS/xml/en/usage.xml @ 20442:4d966872fba9
r20412: Fix some inconsistencies pointed out by Torinthiel.
r20417: s/DarwinPorts/MacPorts/
r20419: Yet some more CVS->CVS
r20442: Remove confusing and probably wrong paragraph about libdvdcss.
r20449: Typo fix
author | kraymer |
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date | Thu, 26 Oct 2006 11:02:33 +0000 |
parents | a0bac6e6a6d1 |
children | c0687e92d463 |
rev | line source |
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9675 | 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?> |
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2 <!-- $Revision$ --> |
9675 | 3 <chapter id="usage"> |
4 <title>Usage</title> | |
5 | |
6 <sect1 id="commandline"> | |
7 <title>Command line</title> | |
8 | |
9 <para> | |
10 <application>MPlayer</application> utilizes a complex playtree. It consists | |
11 of global options written as first, for example | |
12 | |
13 <screen>mplayer -vfm 5</screen> | |
14 | |
15 and options written after filenames, that apply only to the given | |
16 filename/URL/whatever, for example: | |
17 | |
11737 | 18 <screen>mplayer -vfm 5 <replaceable>movie1.avi</replaceable> <replaceable>movie2.avi</replaceable> -vfm 4</screen> |
9675 | 19 </para> |
20 | |
21 <para> | |
22 You can group filenames/URLs together using <literal>{</literal> and | |
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23 <literal>}</literal>. It is useful with option <option>-loop</option>: |
9675 | 24 |
10643 | 25 <screen>mplayer { 1.avi -loop 2 2.avi } -loop 3</screen> |
9675 | 26 |
27 The above command will play files in this order: 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2. | |
28 </para> | |
29 | |
30 <para> | |
31 Playing a file: | |
32 <synopsis> | |
33 <command>mplayer</command><!-- | |
34 --> [<replaceable>options</replaceable>]<!-- | |
35 --> [<replaceable>path</replaceable>/]<replaceable>filename</replaceable> | |
36 </synopsis> | |
37 </para> | |
38 | |
39 <para> | |
15463 | 40 Another way to play a file: |
41 <synopsis> | |
42 <command>mplayer</command><!-- | |
43 --> [<replaceable>options</replaceable>]<!-- | |
44 --> <replaceable>file:///uri-escaped-path</replaceable> | |
45 </synopsis> | |
46 </para> | |
47 | |
48 <para> | |
9675 | 49 Playing more files: |
50 <synopsis> | |
51 <command>mplayer</command><!-- | |
52 --> [<replaceable>default options</replaceable>]<!-- | |
53 --> [<replaceable>path</replaceable>/]<replaceable>filename1</replaceable><!-- | |
54 --> [<replaceable>options for filename1</replaceable>]<!-- | |
55 --> <replaceable>filename2</replaceable><!-- | |
56 --> [<replaceable>options for filename2</replaceable>] ... | |
57 </synopsis> | |
58 </para> | |
59 | |
60 <para> | |
61 Playing VCD: | |
62 <synopsis> | |
63 <command>mplayer</command> [<replaceable>options</replaceable>]<!-- | |
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64 --> vcd://<replaceable>trackno</replaceable><!-- |
9675 | 65 --> [-cdrom-device <replaceable>/dev/cdrom</replaceable>] |
66 </synopsis> | |
67 </para> | |
68 | |
69 <para> | |
70 Playing DVD: | |
71 <synopsis> | |
72 <command>mplayer</command> [<replaceable>options</replaceable>]<!-- | |
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73 --> dvd://<replaceable>titleno</replaceable><!-- |
9675 | 74 --> [-dvd-device <replaceable>/dev/dvd</replaceable>] |
75 </synopsis> | |
76 </para> | |
77 | |
78 <para> | |
79 Playing from the WWW: | |
80 <synopsis> | |
81 <command>mplayer</command> [<replaceable>options</replaceable>]<!-- | |
82 --> http://<replaceable>site.com/file.asf</replaceable> | |
83 </synopsis> | |
84 (playlists can be used, too) | |
85 </para> | |
86 | |
87 <para> | |
88 Playing from RTSP: | |
89 <synopsis> | |
90 <command>mplayer</command> [<replaceable>options</replaceable>]<!-- | |
91 --> rtsp://<replaceable>server.example.com/streamName</replaceable> | |
92 </synopsis> | |
93 </para> | |
94 | |
95 <para> | |
96 Examples: | |
97 <screen> | |
11713 | 98 mplayer -vo x11 <replaceable>/mnt/Films/Contact/contact2.mpg</replaceable> |
12833 | 99 mplayer vcd://<replaceable>2</replaceable> -cdrom-device <replaceable>/dev/hdc</replaceable> |
11713 | 100 mplayer -afm 3 <replaceable>/mnt/DVDtrailers/alien4.vob</replaceable> |
101 mplayer dvd://<replaceable>1</replaceable> -dvd-device <replaceable>/dev/hdc</replaceable> | |
102 mplayer -abs 65536 -delay -0.4 -nobps <replaceable>~/movies/test.avi</replaceable><!-- | |
9675 | 103 --></screen> |
104 </para> | |
105 </sect1> | |
106 | |
107 | |
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108 <sect1 id="subosd"> |
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109 <title>Subtitles and OSD</title> |
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110 |
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111 <para> |
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112 <application>MPlayer</application> can display subtitles along with movie files. |
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113 Currently the following formats are supported: |
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114 <itemizedlist> |
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115 <listitem><para>VOBsub</para></listitem> |
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116 <listitem><para>OGM</para></listitem> |
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117 <listitem><para>CC (closed caption)</para></listitem> |
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118 <listitem><para>MicroDVD</para></listitem> |
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119 <listitem><para>SubRip</para></listitem> |
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120 <listitem><para>SubViewer</para></listitem> |
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121 <listitem><para>Sami</para></listitem> |
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122 <listitem><para>VPlayer</para></listitem> |
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123 <listitem><para>RT</para></listitem> |
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124 <listitem><para>SSA</para></listitem> |
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125 <listitem><para>PJS (Phoenix Japanimation Society)</para></listitem> |
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126 <listitem><para>MPsub</para></listitem> |
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127 <listitem><para>AQTitle</para></listitem> |
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128 <listitem><para><ulink url="http://unicorn.us.com/jacosub/">JACOsub</ulink></para></listitem> |
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129 </itemizedlist> |
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130 </para> |
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131 |
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132 <para> |
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133 <application>MPlayer</application> can dump the previously listed subtitle formats |
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134 (<emphasis role="bold">except the three first</emphasis>) into the following |
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135 destination formats, with the given options: |
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136 <itemizedlist> |
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137 <listitem><para>MPsub: <option>-dumpmpsub</option></para></listitem> |
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138 <listitem><para>SubRip: <option>-dumpsrtsub</option></para></listitem> |
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139 <listitem><para>MicroDVD: <option>-dumpmicrodvdsub</option></para></listitem> |
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140 <listitem><para>JACOsub: <option>-dumpjacosub</option></para></listitem> |
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141 <listitem><para>Sami: <option>-dumpsami</option></para></listitem> |
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142 </itemizedlist> |
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143 </para> |
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144 |
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145 <para> |
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146 <application>MEncoder</application> can dump DVD subtitles into |
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147 <link linkend="menc-feat-extractsub">VOBsub</link> format. |
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148 </para> |
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149 |
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150 <para> |
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151 The command line options differ slightly for the different formats: |
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152 </para> |
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153 |
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154 <formalpara> |
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155 <title>VOBsub subtitles</title> |
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156 <para> |
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157 VOBsub subtitles consist of a big (some megabytes) <filename>.SUB</filename> file, |
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158 and optional <filename>.IDX</filename> and/or <filename>.IFO</filename> |
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159 files. If you have files like |
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160 <filename><replaceable>sample.sub</replaceable></filename>, |
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161 <filename><replaceable>sample.ifo</replaceable></filename> (optional), |
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162 <filename><replaceable>sample.idx</replaceable></filename> - you have to pass |
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163 <application>MPlayer</application> the <option>-vobsub sample |
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164 [-vobsubid <replaceable>id</replaceable>]</option> options |
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165 (full path optional). The <option>-vobsubid</option> option is like |
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166 <option>-sid</option> for DVDs, you can choose between subtitle tracks |
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167 (languages) with it. In case that <option>-vobsubid</option> is omitted, |
20433 | 168 <application>MPlayer</application> will try to use the languages given by the |
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169 <option>-slang</option> option and fall back to the <systemitem>langidx</systemitem> |
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170 in the <filename>.IDX</filename> file to set the subtitle language. If it fails, |
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171 there will be no subtitles. |
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172 </para> |
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173 </formalpara> |
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174 |
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175 <formalpara> |
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176 <title>Other subtitles</title> |
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177 <para> |
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178 The other formats consist of a single text file containing timing, |
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179 placement and text information. Usage: If you have a file like |
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180 <filename><replaceable>sample.txt</replaceable></filename>, |
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181 you have to pass the option <option>-sub |
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182 <replaceable>sample.txt</replaceable></option> (full path optional). |
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183 </para> |
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184 </formalpara> |
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185 |
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186 <variablelist> |
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187 <title>Adjusting subtitle timing and placement:</title> |
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188 <varlistentry> |
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189 <term><option>-subdelay <replaceable>sec</replaceable></option></term> |
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190 <listitem><simpara> |
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191 Delays subtitles by <option><replaceable>sec</replaceable></option> seconds. |
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192 Can be negative. The value is added to movie's time position counter. |
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193 </simpara></listitem> |
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194 </varlistentry> |
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195 <varlistentry> |
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196 <term><option>-subfps <replaceable>RATE</replaceable></option></term> |
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197 <listitem><simpara> |
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198 Specify frame/sec rate of subtitle file (float number). |
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199 </simpara></listitem> |
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200 </varlistentry> |
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201 <varlistentry> |
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202 <term><option>-subpos <replaceable>0-100</replaceable></option></term> |
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203 <listitem><simpara> |
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204 Specify the position of subtitles. |
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205 </simpara></listitem> |
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206 </varlistentry> |
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207 </variablelist> |
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208 |
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209 <para> |
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210 If you experience a growing delay between the movie and the subtitles when |
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211 using a MicroDVD subtitle file, most likely the framerate of the movie and |
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212 the subtitle file are different. Please note that the MicroDVD subtitle |
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213 format uses absolute frame numbers for its timing, but there is no fps |
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214 information in it, and therefore the <option>-subfps</option> option should |
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215 be used with this format. If you like to solve this problem permanently, |
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216 you have to manually convert the subtitle file framerate. |
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217 <application>MPlayer</application> can do this |
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218 conversion for you: |
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219 |
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220 <screen>mplayer -dumpmicrodvdsub -fps <replaceable>subtitles_fps</replaceable> -subfps <replaceable>avi_fps</replaceable> -sub <replaceable>subtitle_filename</replaceable> <replaceable>dummy.avi</replaceable></screen> |
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221 </para> |
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222 |
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223 <para> |
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224 About DVD subtitles, read the <link linkend="dvd">DVD</link> section. |
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225 </para> |
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226 </sect1> |
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227 |
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228 |
9675 | 229 <sect1 id="control"> |
230 <title>Control</title> | |
231 | |
232 <para> | |
233 <application>MPlayer</application> has a fully configurable, command | |
234 driven, control layer which lets you control | |
235 <application>MPlayer</application> with keyboard, mouse, joystick or remote | |
236 control (using LIRC). See the man page for the complete list of keyboard controls. | |
237 </para> | |
238 | |
239 | |
240 <sect2 id="ctrl-cfg"> | |
241 <title>Controls configuration</title> | |
242 | |
243 <para> | |
244 <application>MPlayer</application> allows you bind any key/button to any | |
11540 | 245 <application>MPlayer</application> command using a simple config file. |
246 The syntax consist of a key name followed by a command. The default config file location is | |
9675 | 247 <filename>$HOME/.mplayer/input.conf</filename> but it can be overridden |
248 using the <option>-input <replaceable>conf</replaceable></option> option | |
249 (relative path are relative to <filename>$HOME/.mplayer</filename>). | |
250 </para> | |
251 | |
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252 <para> |
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253 You can get a full list of supported key names by running |
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254 <command>mplayer -input keylist</command> |
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255 and a full list of available commands by running |
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256 <command>mplayer -input cmdlist</command>. |
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257 </para> |
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258 |
20035 | 259 <example id="input_control_file"> |
9675 | 260 <title>A simple input control file</title> |
261 <programlisting> | |
262 ## | |
263 ## MPlayer input control file | |
264 ## | |
265 | |
266 RIGHT seek +10 | |
267 LEFT seek -10 | |
268 - audio_delay 0.100 | |
269 + audio_delay -0.100 | |
270 q quit | |
271 > pt_step 1 | |
272 < pt_step -1 | |
273 ENTER pt_step 1 1<!-- | |
274 --></programlisting> | |
275 </example> | |
276 </sect2> | |
277 | |
278 | |
279 <sect2 id="lirc"> | |
280 <title>Control from LIRC</title> | |
281 | |
282 <para> | |
283 Linux Infrared Remote Control - use an easy to build home-brewn IR-receiver, | |
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284 an (almost) arbitrary remote control and control your Linux box with it! |
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285 More about it on the <ulink url="http://www.lirc.org">LIRC homepage</ulink>. |
9675 | 286 </para> |
287 | |
288 <para> | |
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289 If you have the LIRC package installed, <filename>configure</filename> will |
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290 autodetect it. If everything went fine, <application>MPlayer</application> |
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291 will print "<systemitem>Setting up LIRC support...</systemitem>" |
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292 on startup. If an error occurs it will tell you. If there is no message about |
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293 LIRC there is no support compiled in. That's it :-) |
9675 | 294 </para> |
295 | |
296 <para> | |
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297 The application name for <application>MPlayer</application> is - surprise - |
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298 <filename>mplayer</filename>. You can use any <application>MPlayer</application> |
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299 commands and even pass more than one command by separating them with |
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300 <literal>\n</literal>. |
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301 Do not forget to enable the repeat flag in <filename>.lircrc</filename> when |
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302 it makes sense (seek, volume, etc). Here is an excerpt from a sample |
9675 | 303 <filename>.lircrc</filename>: |
304 </para> | |
305 | |
306 <programlisting> | |
307 begin | |
308 button = VOLUME_PLUS | |
309 prog = mplayer | |
310 config = volume 1 | |
311 repeat = 1 | |
312 end | |
313 | |
314 begin | |
315 button = VOLUME_MINUS | |
316 prog = mplayer | |
317 config = volume -1 | |
318 repeat = 1 | |
319 end | |
320 | |
321 begin | |
322 button = CD_PLAY | |
323 prog = mplayer | |
324 config = pause | |
325 end | |
326 | |
327 begin | |
328 button = CD_STOP | |
329 prog = mplayer | |
330 config = seek 0 1\npause | |
331 end<!-- | |
332 --></programlisting> | |
333 | |
334 <para> | |
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335 If you do not like the standard location for the lirc-config file |
9675 | 336 (<filename>~/.lircrc</filename>) use the <option>-lircconf |
337 <replaceable>filename</replaceable></option> switch to specify another | |
338 file. | |
339 </para> | |
340 </sect2> | |
341 | |
342 | |
343 <sect2 id="slave-mode"> | |
344 <title>Slave mode</title> | |
345 <para> | |
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346 The slave mode allows you to build simple frontends to |
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347 <application>MPlayer</application>. When run with the |
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348 <option>-slave</option> option <application>MPlayer</application> will |
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349 read commands separated by a newline (\n) from stdin. |
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350 The commands are documented in the |
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351 <ulink url="../../tech/slave.txt">slave.txt</ulink> file. |
9675 | 352 </para> |
353 </sect2> | |
354 </sect1> | |
355 | |
356 | |
357 <sect1 id="streaming"> | |
358 <title>Streaming from network or pipes</title> | |
359 | |
360 <para> | |
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361 <application>MPlayer</application> can play files from the network, using the |
10755 | 362 HTTP, FTP, MMS or RTSP/RTP protocol. |
9675 | 363 </para> |
364 | |
365 <para> | |
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366 Playing works simply by passing the URL on the command line. |
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367 <application>MPlayer</application> honors the <envar>http_proxy</envar> |
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368 environment variable, using a proxy if available. Proxies can also be forced: |
11713 | 369 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>http_proxy://proxy.micorsops.com:3128/http://micorsops.com:80/stream.asf</replaceable></screen> |
9675 | 370 </para> |
371 | |
372 <para> | |
373 <application>MPlayer</application> can read from stdin | |
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374 (<emphasis>not</emphasis> named pipes). This can for example be used to |
9675 | 375 play from FTP: |
11713 | 376 <screen>wget <replaceable>ftp://micorsops.com/something.avi</replaceable> -O - | mplayer -</screen> |
9675 | 377 </para> |
378 | |
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379 <note><para> |
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380 It is also recommended to enable <option>-cache</option> when playing |
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381 from the network: |
11713 | 382 <screen>wget <replaceable>ftp://micorsops.com/something.avi</replaceable> -O - | mplayer -cache 8192 -</screen> |
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383 </para></note> |
15499 | 384 |
385 <sect2 id="streaming-save"> | |
386 <title>Saving streamed content</title> | |
387 <para> | |
388 Once you succeed in making <application>MPlayer</application> play | |
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389 your favorite internet stream, you can use the option |
15499 | 390 <option>-dumpstream</option> to save the stream into a file. |
391 For example: | |
392 <screen> | |
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393 mplayer <replaceable>http://217.71.208.37:8006</replaceable> -dumpstream -dumpfile <replaceable>stream.asf</replaceable> |
15499 | 394 </screen> |
395 will save the content streamed from | |
396 <replaceable>http://217.71.208.37:8006</replaceable> into | |
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397 <replaceable>stream.asf</replaceable>. |
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398 This works with all protocols supported by |
15499 | 399 <application>MPlayer</application>, like MMS, RSTP, and so forth. |
400 </para> | |
401 </sect2> | |
402 | |
9675 | 403 </sect1> |
9966 | 404 |
405 <sect1 id="mpst" xreflabel="Remote streams"> | |
406 <title>Remote streams</title> | |
407 | |
408 <para> | |
409 Remote streams allow you to access most <application>MPlayer</application> | |
410 stream type from a remote host. The main purpose of this feature is to make | |
411 it possible to directly use the CD or DVD drive of another computer on the | |
412 network (provided you have the required bandwidth). On the downside some | |
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413 stream type (currently TV and MF) are not usable remotely because they are |
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414 implemented at the demuxer level. It is sad for MF but TV stream would anyway |
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415 require an insane amount of bandwidth. |
9966 | 416 </para> |
417 | |
418 <sect2 id="compile_mpst_server"> | |
419 <title>Compiling the server</title> | |
420 <para> | |
421 After having compiled <application>MPlayer</application> go to the | |
422 <filename>TOOLS/netstream</filename> directory and enter | |
423 <application>make</application> to build the server binary. | |
424 You can then copy the <application>netstream</application> binary | |
9969 | 425 to the right place on your system (usually |
426 <filename class="directory">/usr/local/bin</filename> on Linux). | |
9966 | 427 </para> |
428 </sect2> | |
429 | |
430 <sect2 id="use_mpst"> | |
431 <title>Using remote streams</title> | |
432 <para> | |
433 First you have to start the server on the computer you intend to remotely | |
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434 access. Currently the server is very basic and does not have any commands |
9966 | 435 line arguments so just enter <filename>netstream</filename>. Now you can |
436 for example play the second track of a VCD on the server with : | |
437 <screen> | |
11713 | 438 mplayer -cache 5000 <replaceable>mpst://servername/vcd://2</replaceable> |
9966 | 439 </screen> |
440 You can also access files on this server : | |
441 <screen> | |
11713 | 442 mplayer -cache 5000 <replaceable>mpst://servername//usr/local/movies/lol.avi</replaceable> |
9966 | 443 </screen> |
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444 Note that paths which aren't starting with a / will be relative to |
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445 the directory where the server is running. The <option>-cache</option> option is not |
9966 | 446 needed but highly recommended. |
447 </para> | |
448 | |
449 <para> | |
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450 Be aware that currently the server is not secure at all. So do not complain |
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451 about the numerous exploits which are possible through this. Instead send |
9966 | 452 some (good) patch to make it better or start writing your own server. |
453 </para> | |
454 | |
455 </sect2> | |
456 | |
457 </sect1> | |
11786 | 458 |
459 <sect1 id="edl" xreflabel="Edit Decision Lists (EDL)"> | |
460 <title>Edit Decision Lists (EDL)</title> | |
461 | |
462 <para> | |
463 The edit decision list (EDL) system allows you to automatically skip | |
464 or mute sections of videos during playback, based on a movie specific | |
465 EDL configuration file. | |
466 </para> | |
467 | |
468 <para> | |
469 This is useful for those who may want to watch a film in "family-friendly" | |
470 mode. You can cut out any violence, profanity, Jar-Jar Binks .. from a movie | |
471 according to your own personal preferences. Aside from this, there are other | |
472 uses, like automatically skipping over commercials in video files you watch. | |
473 </para> | |
474 | |
475 <para> | |
18959 | 476 The EDL file format is pretty bare-bones. There is one command per line that |
477 indicates what to do (skip/mute) and when to do it (using pts in seconds). | |
11786 | 478 </para> |
479 | |
480 <sect2 id="edl_using"> | |
481 <title>Using an EDL file</title> | |
482 <para> | |
483 Include the <option>-edl <filename></option> flag when you run | |
484 <application>MPlayer</application>, with the name of the EDL file you | |
485 want applied to the video. | |
486 </para> | |
487 </sect2> | |
488 | |
489 <sect2 id="edl_making"> | |
490 <title>Making an EDL file</title> | |
491 <para> | |
492 The current EDL file format is: | |
493 <programlisting> | |
494 [begin second] [end second] [action] | |
495 </programlisting> | |
496 Where the seconds are floating-point numbers and the action is either | |
497 <literal>0</literal> for skip or <literal>1</literal> for mute. Example: | |
498 <programlisting> | |
499 5.3 7.1 0 | |
500 15 16.7 1 | |
501 420 422 0 | |
502 </programlisting> | |
503 This will skip from second 5.3 to second 7.1 of the video, then mute at | |
504 15 seconds, unmute at 16.7 seconds and skip from second 420 to second 422 | |
505 of the video. These actions will be performed when the playback timer | |
506 reaches the times given in the file. | |
507 </para> | |
508 | |
509 <para> | |
510 To create an EDL file to work from, use the <option>-edlout <filename></option> | |
18912 | 511 flag. During playback, just hit <keycap>i</keycap> to mark the beginning and |
512 end of a skip block. A corresponding entry will be written to the file for | |
513 that time. You can then go back and fine-tune the generated EDL file as well as | |
514 change the default operation which is to skip the block described by each line. | |
11786 | 515 </para> |
516 </sect2> | |
517 | |
518 </sect1> | |
519 | |
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520 |
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521 <sect1 id="advaudio" xreflabel="Advanced Audio"> |
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522 <title>Advanced audio</title> |
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523 |
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524 <sect2 id="advaudio-surround"> |
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525 <title>Surround/Multichannel playback</title> |
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526 |
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527 <sect3 id="advaudio-surround-DVD"> |
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528 <title>DVDs</title> |
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529 <para> |
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530 Most DVDs and many other files include surround sound. |
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531 <application>MPlayer</application> supports surround playback but does not |
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532 enable it by default because stereo equipment is by far more common. To play a |
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533 file that has more than two channels of audio use <option>-channels</option>. |
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534 For example, to play a DVD with 5.1 audio: |
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535 |
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536 <screen>mplayer dvd://1 -channels 6</screen> |
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537 |
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538 Note that despite the name "5.1" there are actually six discrete channels. |
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539 If you have surround sound equipment it is safe to put the |
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540 <option>channels</option> option in your <application>MPlayer</application> |
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541 configuration file <filename>~/.mplayer/config</filename>. For example, to make |
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542 quadraphonic playback the default, add this line: |
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543 |
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544 <programlisting>channels=4</programlisting> |
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545 |
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546 <application>MPlayer</application> will then output audio in four channels when |
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547 all four channels are available. |
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548 </para> |
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549 </sect3> |
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550 |
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551 |
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552 <sect3 id="advaudio-surround-stereoinfour"> |
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553 <title>Playing stereo files to four speakers</title> |
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554 |
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555 <para> |
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556 <application>MPlayer</application> does not duplicate any channels by default, |
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557 and neither do most audio drivers. If you want to do that manually: |
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558 |
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559 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af channels=2:2:0:1:0:0</screen> |
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560 |
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561 See the section on |
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562 <link linkend="advaudio-channels-copying">channel copying</link> for an |
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563 explanation. |
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564 </para> |
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565 |
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566 </sect3> |
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567 |
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568 |
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569 <sect3 id="advaudio-surround-passthrough"> |
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570 <title>AC3/DTS Passthrough</title> |
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571 |
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572 <para> |
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573 DVDs usually have surround audio encoded in AC3 (Dolby Digital) or DTS |
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574 (Digital Theater System) format. Some modern audio equipment is capable of |
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575 decoding these formats internally. <application>MPlayer</application> can be |
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576 configured to relay the audio data without decoding it. This will only work if |
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577 you have a S/PDIF (Sony/Philips Digital Interface) jack in your sound card. |
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578 </para> |
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579 |
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580 <para> |
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581 If your audio equipment can decode both AC3 and DTS, you can safely enable |
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582 passthrough for both formats. Otherwise, enable passthrough for only the format |
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583 your equipment supports. |
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584 </para> |
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585 |
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586 <itemizedlist> |
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587 <title>To enable passthrough on the command line:</title> |
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588 <listitem><para> |
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589 For AC3 only, use <option>-ac hwac3</option> |
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590 </para></listitem> |
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591 <listitem><para> |
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592 For DTS only, use <option>-ac hwdts</option> |
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593 </para></listitem> |
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594 <listitem><para> |
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595 For both AC3 and DTS, use <option>-afm hwac3</option> |
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596 </para></listitem> |
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597 </itemizedlist> |
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598 |
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599 <itemizedlist> |
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600 <title>To enable passthrough in the <application>MPlayer</application> |
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601 configuration file: </title> |
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602 <listitem><para> |
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603 For AC3 only, use <option>ac=hwac3,</option> |
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604 </para></listitem> |
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605 <listitem><para> |
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606 For DTS only, use <option>ac=hwdts,</option> |
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607 </para></listitem> |
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608 <listitem><para> |
16601 | 609 For both AC3 and DTS, use <option>afm=hwac3</option> |
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610 </para></listitem> |
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611 </itemizedlist> |
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612 |
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613 <para> |
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614 Note that there is a comma (",") at the end of |
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615 <option>ac=hwac3,</option> and <option>ac=hwdts,</option>. This will make |
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616 <application>MPlayer</application> fall back on the codecs it normally uses when |
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617 playing a file that does not have AC3 or DTS audio. <option>afm=hwac3</option> |
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618 does not need a comma; <application>MPlayer</application> will fall back anyway |
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619 when an audio family is specified. |
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620 </para> |
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621 |
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622 </sect3> |
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623 |
17432 | 624 <sect3 id="hwmpa-surround-passthrough"> |
625 <title>MPEG audio Passthrough</title> | |
626 | |
627 <para> | |
628 Digital TV transmissions (such as DVB and ATSC) and some DVDs usually have | |
629 MPEG audio streams (in particular MP2). | |
630 Some MPEG hardware decoders such as full-featured DVB cards and DXR2 | |
631 adapters can natively decode this format. | |
632 <application>MPlayer</application> can be configured to relay the audio data | |
633 without decoding it. | |
634 </para> | |
635 | |
636 <para> | |
637 To use this codec: | |
638 <screen> mplayer -ac hwmpa </screen> | |
639 </para> | |
640 </sect3> | |
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641 |
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642 <sect3 id="advaudio-surround-matrix"> |
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643 <title>Matrix-encoded audio</title> |
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644 |
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645 <para> |
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646 <emphasis>***TODO***</emphasis> |
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647 </para> |
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648 <para> |
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649 This section has yet to be written and cannot be completed until somebody |
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650 provides sample files for us to test. If you have any matrix-encoded audio |
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651 files, know where to find some, or have any information that could be helpful, |
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652 please send a message to the |
19709 | 653 <ulink url="http://lists.mplayerhq.hu/mailman/listinfo/mplayer-docs">MPlayer-DOCS</ulink> |
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654 mailing list. Put "[matrix-encoded audio]" in the subject line. |
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655 </para> |
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656 <para> |
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657 If no files or further information are forthcoming this section will be dropped. |
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658 </para> |
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659 |
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660 <para> |
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661 Good links: |
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662 <itemizedlist> |
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663 <listitem><para> |
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664 <ulink url="http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/surround-sound5.htm">http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/surround-sound5.htm</ulink> |
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665 </para></listitem> |
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666 <listitem><para> |
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667 <ulink url="http://www.extremetech.com/article2/0,1697,1016875,00.asp">http://www.extremetech.com/article2/0,1697,1016875,00.asp</ulink> |
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668 </para></listitem> |
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669 </itemizedlist> |
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670 </para> |
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671 |
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672 </sect3> |
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673 |
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674 |
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675 <sect3 id="advaudio-surround-hrtf"> |
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676 <title>Surround emulation in headphones</title> |
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677 |
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678 <para> |
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679 <application>MPlayer</application> includes an HRTF (Head Related Transfer |
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680 Function) filter based on an |
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681 <ulink url="http://sound.media.mit.edu/KEMAR.html">MIT project</ulink> |
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682 wherein measurements were taken from microphones mounted on a dummy human head. |
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683 </para> |
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684 |
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685 <para> |
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686 Although it is not possible to exactly imitate a surround system, |
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687 <application>MPlayer</application>'s HRTF filter does provide more spatially |
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688 immersive audio in 2-channel headphones. Regular downmixing simply combines all |
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689 the channels into two; besides combining the channels, <option>hrtf</option> |
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690 generates subtle echoes, increases the stereo separation slightly, and alters |
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691 the volume of some frequencies. Whether HRTF sounds better may be dependent on |
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692 the source audio and a matter of personal taste, but it is definitely worth |
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693 trying out. |
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694 </para> |
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695 |
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696 <para> |
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697 To play a DVD with HRTF: |
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698 |
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699 <screen>mplayer dvd://1 -channels 6 -af hrtf</screen> |
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700 |
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701 </para> |
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702 |
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703 <para> |
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704 <option>hrtf</option> only works well with 5 or 6 channels. Also, |
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705 <option>hrtf</option> requires 48 kHz audio. DVD audio is already 48 kHz, but if |
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706 you have a file with a different sampling rate that you want to play using |
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707 <option>hrtf</option> you must resample it: |
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708 |
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709 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -channels 6 -af resample=48000,hrtf</screen> |
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710 |
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711 </para> |
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712 |
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713 </sect3> |
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714 |
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715 |
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716 <sect3 id="advaudio-surround-troubleshooting"> |
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717 <title>Troubleshooting</title> |
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718 |
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719 <para> |
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720 If you do not hear any sound out of your surround channels, check your mixer |
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721 settings with a mixer program such as <application>alsamixer</application>; |
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722 audio outputs are often muted and set to zero volume by default. |
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723 </para> |
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724 |
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725 </sect3> |
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726 |
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727 </sect2> |
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728 |
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729 |
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730 <sect2 id="advaudio-channels"> |
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731 <title>Channel manipulation</title> |
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732 |
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733 <sect3 id="advaudio-channels-general"> |
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734 <title>General information</title> |
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735 |
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736 <para> |
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737 Unfortunately, there is no standard for how channels are ordered. The orders |
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738 listed below are those of AC3 and are fairly typical; try them and see if your |
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739 source matches. Channels are numbered starting with 0. |
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740 |
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741 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
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742 <title>mono</title> |
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743 <listitem override="0"><simpara>center</simpara></listitem> |
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744 </orderedlist> |
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745 |
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746 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
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747 <title>stereo</title> |
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748 <listitem override="0"><simpara>left</simpara></listitem> |
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749 <listitem><simpara>right</simpara></listitem> |
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750 </orderedlist> |
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751 |
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752 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
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753 <title>quadraphonic</title> |
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754 <listitem override="0"><simpara>left front</simpara></listitem> |
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755 <listitem><simpara>right front</simpara></listitem> |
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756 <listitem><simpara>left rear</simpara></listitem> |
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757 <listitem><simpara>right rear</simpara></listitem> |
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758 </orderedlist> |
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759 |
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760 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
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761 <title>surround 4.0</title> |
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762 <listitem override="0"><simpara>left front</simpara></listitem> |
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763 <listitem><simpara>right front</simpara></listitem> |
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764 <listitem><simpara>center rear</simpara></listitem> |
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765 <listitem><simpara>center front</simpara></listitem> |
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766 </orderedlist> |
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767 |
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768 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
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769 <title>surround 5.0</title> |
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770 <listitem override="0"><simpara>left front</simpara></listitem> |
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771 <listitem><simpara>right front</simpara></listitem> |
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772 <listitem><simpara>left rear</simpara></listitem> |
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773 <listitem><simpara>right rear</simpara></listitem> |
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774 <listitem><simpara>center front</simpara></listitem> |
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775 </orderedlist> |
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776 |
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777 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
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778 <title>surround 5.1</title> |
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779 <listitem override="0"><simpara>left front</simpara></listitem> |
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780 <listitem><simpara>right front</simpara></listitem> |
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781 <listitem><simpara>left rear</simpara></listitem> |
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782 <listitem><simpara>right rear</simpara></listitem> |
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783 <listitem><simpara>center front</simpara></listitem> |
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784 <listitem><simpara>subwoofer</simpara></listitem> |
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785 </orderedlist> |
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786 |
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787 </para> |
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788 |
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789 <para> |
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790 The <option>-channels</option> option is used to request the number of |
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791 channels from the audio decoder. Some audio codecs use the number of specified |
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792 channels to decide if downmixing the source is necessary. Note that this does |
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793 not always affect the number of output channels. For example, using |
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794 <option>-channels 4</option> to play a stereo MP3 file will still result in |
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795 2-channel output since the MP3 codec will not produce the extra channels. |
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796 </para> |
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797 |
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798 <para> |
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799 The <option>channels</option> audio filter can be used to create or remove |
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800 channels and is useful for controlling the number of channels sent to the sound |
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801 card. See the following sections for more information on channel manipulation. |
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802 </para> |
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803 |
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804 </sect3> |
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805 |
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806 |
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807 <sect3 id="advaudio-channels-mono"> |
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808 <title>Playing mono with two speakers</title> |
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809 |
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810 <para> |
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811 Mono sounds a lot better when played through two speakers - especially when |
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812 using headphones. Audio files that truly have one channel are automatically |
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813 played through two speakers; unfortunately, most files with mono sound are |
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814 actually encoded as stereo with one channel silent. The easiest and most |
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815 foolproof way to make both speakers output the same audio is the |
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816 <option>extrastereo</option> filter: |
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817 |
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818 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af extrastereo=0</screen> |
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819 |
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820 </para> |
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821 |
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822 <para> |
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823 This averages both channels, resulting in both channels being half as loud as |
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824 the original. The next sections have examples of other ways to do this without a |
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825 volume decrease, but they are more complex and require different options |
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826 depending on which channel to keep. If you really need to maintain the volume, |
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827 it may be easier to experiment with the <option>volume</option> filter and find |
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828 the right value. For example: |
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829 |
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830 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af extrastereo=0,volume=5</screen> |
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831 |
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832 </para> |
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833 |
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834 </sect3> |
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835 |
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836 |
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837 <sect3 id="advaudio-channels-copying"> |
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838 <title>Channel copying/moving</title> |
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839 |
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840 <para> |
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841 The <option>channels</option> filter can move any or all channels. |
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842 Setting up all the suboptions for the <option>channels</option> |
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843 filter can be complicated and takes a little care. |
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844 |
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845 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
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846 <listitem><para> |
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847 Decide how many output channels you need. This is the first suboption. |
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848 </para></listitem> |
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849 <listitem><para> |
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850 Count how many channel moves you will do. This is the second suboption. Each |
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851 channel can be moved to several different channels at the same time, but keep in |
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852 mind that when a channel is moved (even if to only one destination) the source |
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853 channel will be empty unless another channel is moved into it. To copy a |
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854 channel, keeping the source the same, simply move the channel into both the |
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855 destination and the source. For example: |
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856 <programlisting> |
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857 channel 2 --> channel 3 |
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858 channel 2 --> channel 2 |
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859 </programlisting> |
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860 </para></listitem> |
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861 <listitem><para> |
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862 Write out the channel copies as pairs of suboptions. Note that the first channel |
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863 is 0, the second is 1, etc. The order of these suboptions does not matter as |
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864 long as they are properly grouped into |
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865 <replaceable>source:destination</replaceable> pairs. |
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866 </para></listitem> |
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867 </orderedlist> |
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868 |
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869 </para> |
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870 |
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871 |
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872 <bridgehead>Example: one channel in two speakers</bridgehead> |
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873 |
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874 <para> |
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875 Here is an example of another way to play one channel in both speakers. Suppose |
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876 for this example that the left channel should be played and the right channel |
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877 discarded. Following the steps above: |
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878 <orderedlist> |
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879 <listitem><para> |
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880 In order to provide an output channel for each of the two speakers, the first |
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881 suboption must be "2". |
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882 </para></listitem> |
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883 <listitem><para> |
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884 The left channel needs to be moved to the right channel, and also must be moved |
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885 to itself so it won't be empty. This is a total of two moves, making the second |
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886 suboption "2" as well. |
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887 </para></listitem> |
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888 <listitem><para> |
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889 To move the left channel (channel 0) into the right channel (channel 1), the |
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890 suboption pair is "0:1", "0:0" moves the left channel onto itself. |
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891 </para></listitem> |
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892 </orderedlist> |
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893 Putting that all together gives: |
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894 |
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895 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af channels=2:2:0:1:0:0</screen> |
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896 </para> |
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897 |
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898 <para> |
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899 The advantage this example has over <option>extrastereo</option> is that the |
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900 volume of each output channel is the same as the input channel. The disadvantage |
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901 is that the suboptions must be changed to "2:2:1:0:1:1" when the desired audio |
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902 is in the right channel. Also, it is more difficult to remember and type. |
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903 </para> |
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904 |
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905 <bridgehead>Example: left channel in two speakers shortcut</bridgehead> |
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906 |
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907 <para> |
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908 There is actually a much easier way to use the <option>channels</option> filter |
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909 for playing the left channel in both speakers: |
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910 |
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911 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af channels=1</screen> |
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912 |
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913 The second channel is discarded and, with no further suboptions, the single |
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914 remaining channel is left alone. Sound card drivers automatically play |
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915 single-channel audio in both speakers. This only works when the desired channel |
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916 is on the left. |
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917 </para> |
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918 |
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919 <bridgehead>Example: duplicate front channels to the rear</bridgehead> |
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920 <para> |
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921 Another common operation is to duplicate the front channels and play them back |
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922 on the rear speakers of a quadraphonic setup. |
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923 <orderedlist> |
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924 <listitem><para> |
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925 There should be four output channels. The first suboption is "4". |
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926 </para></listitem> |
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927 <listitem><para> |
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928 Each of the two front channels needs to be moved to the corresponding rear |
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929 channel and also to itself. This is four moves, so the second suboption is "4". |
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930 </para></listitem> |
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931 <listitem><para> |
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932 The left front (channel 0) needs to moved to the left rear (channel 2): "0:2". |
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933 The left front also needs to be moved to itself: "0:0". The right front (channel |
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934 1) is moved to the right rear (channel 3): "1:3", and also to itself: "1:1". |
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935 </para></listitem> |
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936 </orderedlist> |
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937 Combine all the suboptions to get: |
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938 |
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939 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af channels=4:4:0:2:0:0:1:3:1:1</screen> |
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940 |
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941 </para> |
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942 |
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943 </sect3> |
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944 |
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945 |
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946 <sect3 id="advaudio-channels-mixing"> |
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947 <title>Channel mixing</title> |
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948 |
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949 <para> |
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950 The <option>pan</option> filter can mix channels in user-specified proportions. |
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951 This allows for everything the <option>channels</option> filter can do and |
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952 more. Unfortunately, the suboptions are much more complicated. |
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953 <orderedlist> |
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954 <listitem><para> |
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955 Decide how many channels to work with. You may need to specify this with |
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956 <option>-channels</option> and/or <option>-af channels</option>. Later examples |
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957 will show when to use which. |
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958 </para></listitem> |
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959 <listitem><para> |
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960 Decide how many channels to feed into <option>pan</option> (further decoded |
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961 channels are discarded). This is the first suboption, and it also controls how |
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962 many channels to employ for output. |
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963 </para></listitem> |
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964 <listitem><para> |
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965 The remaining suboptions specify how much of each channel gets mixed into each |
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966 other channel. This is the complicated part. To break the task down, split the |
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967 suboptions into several sets, one set for each output channel. Each suboption |
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968 within a set corresponds to an input channel. The number you specify will be the |
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969 percentage of the input channel that gets mixed into the output channel. |
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970 </para> |
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971 <para> |
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972 <option>pan</option> accepts values from 0 to 512, yielding 0% to 51200% of the |
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973 original volume. Be careful when using values greater than 1. Not only can this |
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974 give you very high volume, but if you exceed the sample range of your sound card |
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975 you may hear painful pops and clicks. If you want you can follow |
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976 <option>pan</option> with <option>,volume</option> to enable clipping, but it is |
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977 best to keep the values of <option>pan</option> low enough that clipping is not |
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978 necessary. |
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979 </para></listitem> |
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980 </orderedlist> |
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981 </para> |
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982 |
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983 <bridgehead>Example: one channel in two speakers</bridgehead> |
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984 |
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985 <para> |
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986 Here is yet another example for playing the left channel in two speakers. Follow |
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987 the steps above: |
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988 <orderedlist> |
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989 <listitem><para> |
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990 <option>pan</option> should output two channels, so the first |
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991 suboption is "2". |
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992 </para></listitem> |
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993 <listitem><para> |
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994 Since we have two input channels, there will be two sets of suboptions. |
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995 Since there are also two output channels, |
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996 there will be two suboptions per set. |
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997 The left channel from the file should go with full volume to |
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998 the new left and the right channels. |
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999 Thus the first set of suboptions is "1:1". |
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1000 The right channel should be discarded, so the second would be "0:0". |
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1001 Any 0 values at the end can be left out, but for ease of |
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1002 understanding we will keep them. |
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1003 </para></listitem> |
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1004 </orderedlist> |
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1005 Putting those options together gives: |
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1006 |
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1007 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af pan=2:1:1:0:0</screen> |
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1008 |
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1009 If the right channel is desired instead of the left, the suboptions to |
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1010 <option>pan</option> will be "2:0:0:1:1". |
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1011 </para> |
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1012 |
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1013 |
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1014 <bridgehead>Example: left channel in two speakers shortcut</bridgehead> |
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1015 |
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1016 <para> |
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1017 As with <option>channels</option>, there is a shortcut that only works with the |
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1018 left channel: |
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1019 |
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1020 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af pan=1:1</screen> |
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1021 |
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1022 Since <option>pan</option> has only one channel of input (the other channel is |
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1023 discarded), there is only one set with one suboption, which specifies that the |
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1024 only channel gets 100% of itself. |
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1025 </para> |
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1026 |
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1027 <bridgehead>Example: downmixing 6-channel PCM</bridgehead> |
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1028 <para> |
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1029 <application>MPlayer</application>'s decoder for 6-channel PCM is not capable of |
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1030 downmixing. Here is a way to downmix PCM using <option>pan</option>: |
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1031 <orderedlist> |
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1032 <listitem><para> |
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1033 The number of output channels is 2, so the first suboption is "2". |
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1034 </para></listitem> |
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1035 <listitem><para> |
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1036 With six input channels there will be six sets of options. Fortunately, |
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1037 since we only care about the output of the first two channels, we only need to |
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1038 make two sets; the remaining four sets can be omitted. Beware that not all |
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1039 multichannel audio files have the same channel order! This example |
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1040 demonstrates downmixing a file with the same channels as AC3 5.1: |
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1041 <programlisting> |
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1042 0 - front left |
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1043 1 - front right |
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1044 2 - rear left |
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1045 3 - rear right |
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1046 4 - center front |
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1047 5 - subwoofer |
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1048 </programlisting> |
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1049 The first set of suboptions lists the percentages of the original volume, in |
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1050 order, which each output channel should receive from the |
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1051 front left channel: "1:0". |
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1052 The front right channel should go into the right output: "0:1". |
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1053 The same for the rear channels: "1:0" and "0:1". |
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1054 The center channel goes into both output channels with half volume: |
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1055 "0.5:0.5", and the subwoofer goes into both with full volume: "1:1". |
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1056 </para></listitem> |
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1057 </orderedlist> |
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1058 Put all that together, for: |
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1059 |
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1060 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>6-channel.wav</replaceable> -af pan=2:1:0:0:1:1:0:0:1:0.5:0.5:1:1</screen> |
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1061 |
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1062 The percentages listed above are only a rough example. Feel free to tweak them. |
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1063 </para> |
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1064 |
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1065 <bridgehead>Example: Playing 5.1 audio on big speakers without a subwoofer</bridgehead> |
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1066 |
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1067 <para> |
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1068 If you have a huge pair of front speakers you may not want to waste any money on |
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1069 buying a subwoofer for a complete 5.1 sound system. If you use |
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1070 <option>-channels 5</option> to request that liba52 decode 5.1 audio in 5.0, |
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1071 the subwoofer channel is simply discarded. If you want to distribute the |
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1072 subwoofer channel yourself you need to downmix manually with |
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1073 <option>pan</option>: |
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1074 |
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1075 <orderedlist> |
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1076 <listitem><para> |
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1077 Since <option>pan</option> needs to examine all six channels, specify |
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1078 <option>-channels 6</option> so liba52 decodes them all. |
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1079 </para></listitem> |
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1080 <listitem><para> |
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1081 <option>pan</option> outputs to only five channels, the first suboption is 5. |
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1082 </para></listitem> |
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1083 <listitem><para> |
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1084 Six input channels and five output channels means six sets of five suboptions. |
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1085 <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> |
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1086 <listitem><simpara> |
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1087 The left front channel only replicates onto itself: |
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1088 "1:0:0:0:0" |
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1089 </simpara></listitem> |
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1090 <listitem><simpara> |
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1091 Same for the right front channel: |
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1092 "0:1:0:0:0" |
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1093 </simpara></listitem> |
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1094 <listitem><simpara> |
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1095 Same for the left rear channel: |
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1096 "0:0:1:0:0" |
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1097 </simpara></listitem> |
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1098 <listitem><simpara> |
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1099 And also the same for the right rear channel: |
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1100 "0:0:0:1:0" |
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1101 </simpara></listitem> |
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1102 <listitem><simpara> |
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1103 Center front, too: |
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1104 "0:0:0:0:1" |
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1105 </simpara></listitem> |
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1106 <listitem><simpara> |
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1107 And now we have to decide what to do with the subwoofer, |
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1108 e.g. half into front right and front left: |
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1109 "0.5:0.5:0:0:0" |
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1110 </simpara></listitem> |
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1111 </itemizedlist> |
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1112 </para></listitem> |
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1113 </orderedlist> |
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1114 Combine all those options to get: |
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1115 |
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1116 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>dvd://1</replaceable> -channels 6 -af pan=5:1:0:0:0:0:0:1:0:0:0:0:0:1:0:0:0:0:0:1:0:0:0:0:0:1:0.5:0.5:0:0:0</screen> |
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1117 |
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1118 </para> |
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1119 |
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1120 </sect3> |
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1121 |
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1122 </sect2> |
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1123 |
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1124 |
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1125 <sect2 id="advaudio-volume"> |
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1126 <title>Software Volume adjustment</title> |
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1127 |
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1128 <para> |
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1129 Some audio tracks are too quiet to be heard comfortably without amplification. |
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1130 This becomes a problem when your audio equipment cannot amplify the signal for |
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1131 you. The <option>-softvol</option> option directs |
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1132 <application>MPlayer</application> to use an internal mixer. You can then use |
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1133 the volume adjustment keys (by default <keycap>9</keycap> and |
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1134 <keycap>0</keycap>) to reach much higher volume levels. Note that this does not |
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1135 bypass your sound card's mixer; <application>MPlayer</application> only |
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1136 amplifies the signal before sending it to your sound card. |
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1137 |
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1138 The following example is a good start: |
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1139 |
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1140 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>quiet-file</replaceable> -softvol -softvol-max 300</screen> |
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1141 |
16406 | 1142 The <option>-softvol-max</option> option specifies the maximum allowable output |
1143 volume as a percentage of the | |
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1144 original volume. For example, <option>-softvol-max 200</option> would allow the |
16406 | 1145 volume to be adjusted up to twice its original level. |
1146 It is safe to specify a large value with | |
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1147 <option>-softvol-max</option>; the higher volume will not be used until you |
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1148 use the volume adjustment keys. The only disadvantage of a large value is that, |
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1149 since <application>MPlayer</application> adjusts volume by a percentage of the |
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1150 maximum, you will not have as precise control when using the volume adjustment |
16406 | 1151 keys. Use a lower value with <option>-softvol-max</option> and/or specify |
1152 <option>-volstep 1</option> if you need higher precision. | |
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1153 </para> |
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1154 |
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1155 <para> |
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1156 The <option>-softvol</option> option works by controlling the |
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1157 <option>volume</option> audio filter. If you want to play a file at a certain |
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1158 volume from the beginning you can specify <option>volume</option> manually: |
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1159 |
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1160 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>quiet-file</replaceable> -af volume=10</screen> |
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1161 |
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1162 This will play the file with a ten decibel gain. Be careful when using the |
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1163 <option>volume</option> filter - you could easily hurt your ears if you use |
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1164 too high a value. Start low and work your way up gradually until you get a feel |
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1165 for how much adjustment is required. Also, if you specify excessively high |
16406 | 1166 values, <option>volume</option> may need to clip the signal to avoid sending your |
16487 | 1167 sound card data that is outside the allowable range; this will result in |
1168 distorted audio. | |
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1169 </para> |
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1170 |
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1171 </sect2> |
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1172 |
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1173 </sect1> |
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1174 |
9675 | 1175 </chapter> |