annotate DOCS/xml/cs/mencoder.xml @ 20023:6408ad70247f

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author diego
date Wed, 04 Oct 2006 09:09:59 +0000
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1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-2"?>
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2 <!-- Synced with: 19265 -->
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3 <chapter id="mencoder">
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4 <title>Základní použití <application>MEncoder</application>u</title>
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5
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6 <para>
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7 Úplný seznam dostupných voleb a příkladů pro <application>MEncoder</application>
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8 naleznete v man stránce. Řadu užitečných příkladů a podrobných návodů pro
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9 použití mnoha enkódovacích voleb naleznete v
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10 <ulink url="../../tech/encoding-tips.txt">tipech pro enkódování</ulink>, které
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11 byly získány z několika diskusí v konferenci MPlayer-users. Prohledejte
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12 <ulink url="http://mplayerhq.hu/pipermail/mplayer-users/">archivy</ulink>,
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13 chcete-li bohatost diskusí o všech aspektech a problémech vztažených
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14 k enkódování <application>MEncoder</application>em.
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15 </para>
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16
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17 <sect1 id="menc-feat-selecting-codec">
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18 <title>Výběr kodeků a nosných formátů</title>
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19
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20 <para>
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21 Audio a video kodeky pro enkódování jsou vybírány příslušnými volbami
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22 <option>-oac</option> a <option>-ovc</option> options.
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23 Napište například:
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24 <screen>mencoder -ovc help</screen>
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25 pro seznam video kodeků podporovaných verzí programu
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26 <application>MEncoder</application> na vašem počítači.
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27 Dostupné jsou následující možnosti:
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28 </para>
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29 <para>
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30 Audio (zvukové) kodeky:
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31
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32 <informaltable frame="all">
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33 <tgroup cols="2">
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34 <thead>
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35 <row><entry>Jméno audio kodeku</entry><entry>Popis</entry></row>
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36 </thead>
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37 <tbody>
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38 <row>
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39 <entry>mp3lame</entry>
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40 <entry>Enkóduje do VBR, ABR nebo CBR MP3 pomocí LAME</entry>
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41 </row>
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42 <row>
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43 <entry>lavc</entry>
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44 <entry>Použije se některý z
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45 <link linkend="menc-feat-enc-libavcodec-audio-codecs">
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46 <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem> audio kodeků</link>
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47 </entry>
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48 </row>
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49 <row>
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50 <entry>faac</entry>
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51 <entry>FAAC AAC audio enkodér</entry>
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52 </row>
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53 <row>
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54 <entry>toolame</entry>
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55 <entry>Enkodér MPEG Audio Layer 2</entry>
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56 </row>
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57 <row>
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58 <entry>twolame</entry>
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59 <entry>Enkodér MPEG Audio Layer 2 založený na tooLAME</entry>
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60 </row>
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61 <row>
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62 <entry>pcm</entry>
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63 <entry>Nekomprimovaný PCM zvuk</entry>
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64 </row>
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65 <row>
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66 <entry>copy</entry>
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67 <entry>Nereenkóduje, pouze kopíruje komprimované vzorky</entry>
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68 </row>
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69 </tbody>
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70 </tgroup>
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71 </informaltable>
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72 </para>
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73
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74 <para>
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75 Video kodeky:
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76 <informaltable frame="all">
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77 <tgroup cols="2">
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78 <thead>
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79 <row><entry>Jméno video kodeku</entry><entry>Popis</entry></row>
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80 </thead>
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81 <tbody>
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82 <row>
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83 <entry>lavc</entry>
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84 <entry>Použije se některý z
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85 <link linkend="menc-feat-enc-libavcodec-video-codecs">
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86 <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem> video kodeků</link>
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87 </entry>
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88 </row>
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89 <row>
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90 <entry>xvid</entry>
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91 <entry>XviD, MPEG-4 Advanced Simple Profile (ASP) kodek</entry>
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92 </row>
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93 <row>
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94 <entry>x264</entry>
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95 <entry>x264, MPEG-4 Advanced Video Coding (AVC), alias H.264 kodek</entry>
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96 </row>
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97 <row>
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98 <entry>nuv</entry>
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99 <entry>nuppel video, používaný některými realtime aplikacemi</entry>
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100 </row>
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101 <row>
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102 <entry>raw</entry>
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103 <entry>Nekomprimované videosnímky</entry>
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104 </row>
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105 <row>
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106 <entry>copy</entry>
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107 <entry>Nereenkóduje, pouze kopíruje komprimované snímky</entry>
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108 </row>
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109 <row>
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110 <entry>frameno</entry>
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111 <entry>Použité pro 3-průchodové enkódování (nedoporučujeme)</entry>
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112 </row>
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113 </tbody>
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114 </tgroup>
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115 </informaltable>
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116 </para>
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117 <para>
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118 Výstupní nosný formát je vybírán volbou <option>-of</option>.
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119 Zadejte:
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120 <screen>mencoder -of help</screen>
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121 pro seznam všech nosných formátů podporovaných verzí programu
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122 <application>MEncoder</application> na vašem počítači.
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123 Dostupné jsou následující možnosti:
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124 </para>
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125 <para>
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126 Nosné formáty:
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127 <informaltable frame="all">
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128 <tgroup cols="2">
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129 <thead>
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130 <row><entry>Název nosného formátu</entry><entry>Popis</entry></row>
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131 </thead>
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132 <tbody>
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133 <row>
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134 <entry>lavf</entry>
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135 <entry>Jeden z nosných formátů podporovaných
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136 <systemitem class="library">libavformat</systemitem></entry>
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137 </row>
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138 <row>
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139 <entry>avi</entry>
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140 <entry>Audio-Video Interleaved (Prokládané audio s videem)</entry>
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141 </row>
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142 <row>
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143 <entry>mpeg</entry>
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144 <entry>MPEG-1 a MPEG-2 PS</entry>
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145 </row>
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146 <row>
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147 <entry>rawvideo</entry>
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148 <entry>surový (raw) video datový proud (žádný muxing &ndash; pouze jeden
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149 video proud)</entry>
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150 </row>
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151 <row>
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152 <entry>rawaudio</entry>
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153 <entry>surový (raw) audio datový proud (žádný muxing &ndash; pouze jeden
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154 audio proud)</entry>
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155 </row>
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156 </tbody>
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157 </tgroup>
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158 </informaltable>
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159 Nosný formát AVI je nativním nosným formátem
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160 <application>MEncoder</application>u, což znamená, že je tím, který je nejlépe
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161 zpracován a pro nějž byl <application>MEncoder</application>
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162 navržen.
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163 Jak bylo zmíněno, ostatní nosné formáty jsou použitelné, ale můžete
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164 při jejich použití narazit na problémy.
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165 </para>
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166
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167 <para>
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168 Nosné formáty <systemitem class="library">libavformat</systemitem>:
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169 </para>
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170 <para>
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171 Pokud jste si zvolili <systemitem class="library">libavformat</systemitem>
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172 pro provádění muxování výstupního souboru (pomocí <option>-of lavf</option>),
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173 příslušný nosný formát bude určen z přípony výstupního souboru.
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174 Můžete vynutit určitý nosný formát pomocí parametru <option>format</option>
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175 knihovny <systemitem class="library">libavformat</systemitem>.
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176
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177 <informaltable frame="all">
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178 <tgroup cols="2">
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179 <thead>
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180 <row><entry>Název <systemitem class="library">libavformat</systemitem> nosného formátu</entry><entry>Popis</entry></row>
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181 </thead>
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182 <tbody>
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183 <row>
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184 <entry>mpg</entry>
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185 <entry>MPEG-1 a MPEG-2 PS</entry>
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186 </row>
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187 <row>
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188 <entry>asf</entry>
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189 <entry>Advanced Streaming Format</entry>
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190 </row>
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191 <row>
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192 <entry>avi</entry>
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193 <entry>Audio-Video Interleaved</entry>
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194 </row>
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195 <row>
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196 <entry>wav</entry>
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197 <entry>Waveform Audio</entry>
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198 </row>
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199 <row>
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200 <entry>swf</entry>
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201 <entry>Macromedia Flash</entry>
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202 </row>
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203 <row>
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204 <entry>flv</entry>
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205 <entry>Macromedia Flash video</entry>
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206 </row>
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207 <row>
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208 <entry>rm</entry>
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209 <entry>RealMedia</entry>
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210 </row>
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211 <row>
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212 <entry>au</entry>
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213 <entry>SUN AU</entry>
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214 </row>
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215 <row>
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216 <entry>nut</entry>
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217 <entry>otevřený nosný formát NUT (experimentální a dosud neslučitelný se specifikací)</entry>
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218 </row>
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219 <row>
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220 <entry>mov</entry>
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221 <entry>QuickTime</entry>
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222 </row>
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223 <row>
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224 <entry>mp4</entry>
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225 <entry>formát MPEG-4</entry>
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226 </row>
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227 <row>
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228 <entry>dv</entry>
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229 <entry>Sony Digital Video</entry>
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230 </row>
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231 </tbody>
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232 </tgroup>
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233 </informaltable>
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234 Jak vidíte, <systemitem class="library">libavformat</systemitem>
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235 umožňuje <application>MEncoder</application>u muxovat do velkého množství
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236 nosných formátů.
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237 Naneštěstí, jelikož <application>MEncoder</application> nebyl od počátku
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238 navržen pro podporu jiných nosných formátů než AVI, měli byste být
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239 paranoidní ve vstahu k výstupnímu souboru.
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240 Ověřte si prosím pro jistotu, že audio/video synchronizace je OK
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241 a soubor lze správně přehrát i jinými přehrávači, než
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242 <application>MPlayer</application>.
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243 </para>
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244
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245 <informalexample>
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246 <para>Příklad:</para>
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247 <para>
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248 Vytvoření Macromedia Flash videa vhodného pro přehrávání ve webovém prohlížeči
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249 pomocí Macromedia Flash pluginu:
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250 <screen>
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251 mencoder <replaceable>vstupní.avi</replaceable> -o <replaceable>výstupní.flv</replaceable> -of lavf -oac mp3lame -lameopts abr:br=56 -ovc lavc \
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252 -lavcopts vcodec=flv:vbitrate=500:mbd=2:mv0:trell:v4mv:cbp:last_pred=3 \
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253 -srate 22050
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254 </screen>
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255 </para>
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256 </informalexample>
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257
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258 </sect1>
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259
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260
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261 <sect1 id="menc-feat-selecting-input">
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262 <title>Výběr vstupního souboru nebo zařízení</title>
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263
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264 <para>
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265 <application>MEncoder</application> umí enkódovat ze souborů nebo přímo z
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266 DVD či VCD disku.
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267 Vložte na příkazovém řádku jméno souboru pro enkódování souboru,
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268 nebo <option>dvd://</option><replaceable>číslo_titulu</replaceable> nebo
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269 <option>vcd://</option><replaceable>číslo_stopy</replaceable> pro enkódování
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270 DVD titulu či VCD stopy.
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271 Máte-li již zkopírováno DVD na hard disk (k tomu můžete použít nástroj jako
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272 <application>dvdbackup</application>, dostupný na mnoha systémech),
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273 a chcete enkódovat z kopie, měli byste i zde použít syntaxi
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274 <option>dvd://</option> ve spojení s volbou <option>-dvd-device</option>
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275 následovanou cestou do kořenového adresáře skopírovaného DVD.
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276
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277 Volby <option>-dvd-device</option> a <option>-cdrom-device</option>
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278 lze rovněž použít k přenastavení cest k souborům zařízení pro přímé
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279 čtení disků, pokud výchozí
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280 <filename>/dev/dvd</filename> a <filename>/dev/cdrom</filename> na vašem
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281 systému nepracují.
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282 </para>
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283 <para>
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284 Enkódujete-li z DVD, je často vhodné vybrat kapitolu nebo rozsah
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285 kapitol k enkódování.
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286 Pro tento účel můžete použít volbu <option>-chapter</option>.
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287 Například s volbou <option>-chapter</option> <replaceable>1-4</replaceable>
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288 se budou z DVD enkódovat pouze kapitoly 1 až 4.
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289 To se zvlášť hodí, pokud budete enkódovat film na velikost 1400 MB
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290 určený pro dvě CD, jelikož budete mít jistotu, že zlom nastane přesně
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291 na hranici kapitol místo uprostřed scény.
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292 </para>
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293 <para>
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294 Pokud máte podporovanou TV zachytávací kartu, můžete rovněž enkódovat ze
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295 zařízení TV vstupu.
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296 Použijte <option>tv://</option><replaceable>číslo_kanálu</replaceable> jako
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297 jméno souboru a volbu <option>-tv</option> pro konfiguraci různých nastavení
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298 zachytávání.
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299 Vstup z DVB pracuje obdobně.
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300 </para>
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301 </sect1>
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302
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303
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304 <sect1 id="menc-feat-mpeg4">
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305 <title>Dvouprůchodové enkódování MPEG-4 (&quot;DivX&quot;)</title>
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306
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307 <para>
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308 Název vychází z faktu, že soubor je enkódován <emphasis>dvakrát</emphasis>.
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309 První enkódování (dubbed pass) vytvoří dočasné soubory
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310 (<filename>*.log</filename>) velikosti několika megabajtů, které zatím nemažte
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311 (můžete smazat AVI, nebo raději žádné nevytvářejte a přesměrujte je do
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312 <filename>/dev/null</filename>).
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313 Ve druhém průchodu je vytvořen dvouprůchodový výstupní
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314 soubor s použitím řízení datového toku z dočasných souborů. Výsledný soubor
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315 bude mít lepší kvalitu obrazu. Pokud jste o tom teď slyšeli poprvé, měli byste
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316 si prostudovat některé návody dostupné na netu.
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317 </para>
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318
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319 <example>
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320 <title>Kopírování zvukové stopy</title>
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321 <para>
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322 Dvouprůchodové enkódování druhé stopy z DVD do MPEG-4 (&quot;DivX&quot;)
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323 AVI zatímco se zvuk pouze zkopíruje.
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324 <screen>
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325 mencoder dvd://2 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vpass=1 -oac copy -o /dev/null
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326 mencoder dvd://2 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:trell:vpass=2 -oac copy -o <replaceable>výstup.avi</replaceable>
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327 </screen>
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328 </para>
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329 </example>
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330
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331 <example>
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332 <title>Enkódování zvukové stopy</title>
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333 <para>
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334 Dvouprůchodové enkódování DVD do MPEG-4 (&quot;DivX&quot;) AVI a současně
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335 enkódování zvukové stopy do MP3.
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336 Při této metodě buďte opatrní, jelikož v některých případech může vést k rozjetí
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337 zvuku s videem.
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338 <screen>
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339 mencoder dvd://2 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vpass=1 -oac mp3lame -lameopts vbr=3 -o /dev/null
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340 mencoder dvd://2 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:trell:vpass=2 -oac mp3lame -lameopts vbr=3 -o <replaceable>výstup.avi</replaceable>
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341 </screen>
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342 </para>
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343 </example>
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344 </sect1>
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345
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346
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347 <sect1 id="menc-feat-handheld-psp">
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348 <title>Enkódovánído video formátu Sony PSP</title>
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349
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350 <para>
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351 <application>MEncoder</application> podporuje enkódování do Sony PSP video
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352 formátu, ale mohou se lišit, v závislosti na revizi PSP softwaru, s tím
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353 spojená omezení.
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354 Budete-li respektovat následující omezení, neměli byste narazit na potíže:
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355 <itemizedlist>
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356 <listitem><para>
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357 <emphasis role="bold">Datový tok</emphasis>: by neměl překročit 1500kbps,
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358 ale poslední verze podporovaly prakticky jakýkoli datový tok pokud hlavička
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359 tvrdí, že není příliš vysoký.
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360 </para></listitem>
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361 <listitem><para>
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362 <emphasis role="bold">Rozměry</emphasis>: šířka a výška PSP videa
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363 by měly být násobky 16 a výsledek šířka * výška musí
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364 být &lt;= 64000.
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365 Za určitých okolností může být možné, aby PSP hrál i ve vyšším rozlišení.
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366 </para></listitem>
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367 <listitem><para>
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368 <emphasis role="bold">Audio</emphasis>: jeho vzorkovací kmitočet by měl být 24khz
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369 pro videa MPEG-4 a 48khz pro H.264.
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370 </para></listitem>
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371 </itemizedlist>
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372 </para>
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373
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374 <example>
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375 <title>Příklad</title>
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376 <para>
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377 <screen>
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378 mencoder -oac lavc -ovc lavc -of lavf -lavcopts aglobal=1:vglobal=1:vcodec=mpeg4:acodec=aac \
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379 -af lavcresample=24000 -vf harddup -lavfopts format=psp:i_certify_that_my_video_stream_does_not_use_b_frames \
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380 -ofps 30000/1001 vstup.video -o výstup.psp
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381 </screen>
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382 Poznamenejme, že můžete nastavit jméno videa pomocí
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383 <option>-info name=<replaceable>JménoFilmu</replaceable></option>.
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384 </para>
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385 </example>
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386 </sect1>
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387
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388
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389 <sect1 id="menc-feat-mpeg">
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390 <title>Enkódování do MPEG formátu</title>
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391 <para>
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392 <application>MEncoder</application> umí vytvořit výstupní soubor formátu
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393 MPEG (MPEG-PS).
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394 Pokud používáte MPEG-1 nebo MPEG-2 video, obvykle je to proto, že enkódujete
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395 pro omezený formát jako je SVCD, VCD nebo DVD.
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396 Konkrétní požadavky těchto formátů jsou objasněny v sekci
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397 <link linkend="menc-feat-vcd-dvd">návod pro vytvoření VCD a DVD</link>.
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398 </para>
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399
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400 <para>
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401 Výstupní souborový formát <application>MEncoder</application>u změníte použitím
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402 volby <option>-of mpeg</option>.
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403 </para>
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404
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405 <informalexample>
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406 <para>
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407 Příklad:
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408 <screen>
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409 mencoder <replaceable>vstup.avi</replaceable> -of mpeg -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg1video -oac copy <replaceable>další_volby</replaceable> -o <replaceable>výstup.mpg</replaceable>
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410 </screen>
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411 Vytvoření MPEG-1 souboru vhodného pro přehrávání na systémech s minimální
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412 podporou multimédií, jako je výchozí instalace Windows:
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413 <screen>
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414 mencoder <replaceable>vstup.avi</replaceable> -of mpeg -mpegopts format=mpeg1:tsaf:muxrate=2000 -o <replaceable>výstup.mpg</replaceable> -oac lavc -ovc lavc \
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415 -lavcopts acodec=mp2:abitrate=224:vcodec=mpeg1video:vbitrate=1152:keyint=15:mbd=2:aspect=4/3
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416 </screen>
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417 </para>
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418 </informalexample>
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419
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420 <note><title>Tip:</title>
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421 <para>
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422 Pokud vás z nějakého důvodu neuspokojí kvalita videa z druhého průchodu,
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423 můžete znovu spustit enkódování videa s jiným cílovým datovým tokem, s tím,
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424 že máte uložen soubor se statistikami z předchozího průchodu.
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425 To je možné proto, že cílem statistického souboru je především zaznamenat
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426 komplexitu každého snímku, která příliš nezávisí na datovém toku.
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427 Povšimněte si, že ačkoli nejvyšší kvality dosáhnete pokud všechny
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428 průchody poběží při stejném datovém toku, tak se výsledek příliš neliší.
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429 </para>
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430 </note>
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431
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432 </sect1>
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433
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434 <sect1 id="menc-feat-rescale">
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435 <title>Škálování (změna velikosti) filmů</title>
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436
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437 <para>
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438 Často potřebujeme změnit velikost obrázků ve filmu a to z mnoha důvodů: zmenšení
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439 souboru, zátěže sítě atd. Mnoho lidí dokonce mění velikost při převodu DVD nebo
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440 SVCD do DivX AVI. Pokud si přejete video přeškálovat, přečtěte si sekci
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441 <link linkend="aspect">Zachování poměru stran</link>.
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442 </para>
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443
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444 <para>
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445 Samotný proces škálování je prováděn video filtrem <literal>scale</literal>:
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446 <option>-vf scale=<replaceable>šířka</replaceable>:<replaceable>výška</replaceable></option>.
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447 Jeho kvalita může být nastavena volbou <option>-sws</option>.
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448 Pokud ji neuvedete, <application>MEncoder</application> použije 2: bikubickou.
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449 </para>
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450
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451 <para>
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452 Použití:
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453 <screen>
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454 mencoder <replaceable>vstup.mpg</replaceable> -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:trell -vf scale=640:480 -o <replaceable>výstup.avi</replaceable>
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455 </screen>
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456 </para>
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457 </sect1>
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458
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459
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460 <sect1 id="menc-feat-streamcopy">
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461 <title>Proudové kopírování</title>
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462
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463 <para>
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464 <application>MEncoder</application> může zpracovat vstupní datové proudy dvěma
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465 způsoby:
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466 <emphasis role="bold">enkóduje</emphasis> je, nebo je
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467 <emphasis role="bold">kopíruje</emphasis>. Tato část je o
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468 <emphasis role="bold">kopírování</emphasis>.
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469 </para>
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470
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471 <itemizedlist>
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472 <listitem><para>
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473 <emphasis role="bold">Video proud</emphasis> (volba <option>-ovc copy</option>):
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474 můžete dělat pěkné věci :) Jako umístění (nikoli konverze!) FLI nebo VIVO nebo
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475 MPEG-1 videa do AVI souboru! Samozřejmě takové soubory přehraje pouze
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476 <application>MPlayer</application> :) A proto to nejspíš nemá žádnou rozumnou
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477 hodnotu. A teď vážně: kopírování video proudu může být užitečné například
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478 tehdy, když má být enkódován pouze zvuk (např. nekomprimovaný PCM do MP3).
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479 </para></listitem>
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480 <listitem><para>
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481 <emphasis role="bold">Audio proud</emphasis> (volba <option>-oac copy</option>):
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482 jednoduché. Je možné vzít externí zvukový soubor (MP3, WAV) a namultiplexovat
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483 jej do výstupního proudu. K tomu použijte volbu
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484 <option>-audiofile <replaceable>soubor</replaceable></option>.
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485 </para></listitem>
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486 </itemizedlist>
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487
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488 <para>
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489 Použití <option>-oac copy</option> pro kopírování z jednoho nosného fomátu
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490 do jiného může vyžadovat použití <option>-fafmttag</option> pro zachování
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491 příznaku formátu zvuku původního souboru.
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492 Například pokud konvertujete NSV soubor a AAC zvukem do nosného formátu AVI,
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493 bude příznak formátu zvuku nesprávný a bude jej nutno změnit.
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494 Seznam příznaků audio formátu naleznete v souboru
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495 <filename>codecs.conf</filename>.
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496 </para>
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497
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498 <para>
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499 Příklad:
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500 <screen>
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501 mencoder <replaceable>vstupní.nsv</replaceable> -oac copy -fafmttag 0x706D -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:trell -o <replaceable>výstupní.avi</replaceable>
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502 </screen>
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503 </para>
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504
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505 </sect1>
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506
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507
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508 <sect1 id="menc-feat-enc-images">
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509 <title>Enkódování z množství vstupních obrázkových souborů (JPEG, PNG, TGA, SGI)</title>
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510
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parents:
diff changeset
511 <para>
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diff changeset
512 <application>MEncoder</application> je schopen vytvořit film z jednoho nebo více
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parents:
diff changeset
513 JPEG, PNG nebo TGA souborů. Pomocí jednoduchého snímkového kopírování může
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parents:
diff changeset
514 vytvořit MJPEG (Motion JPEG), MPNG (Motion PNG) nebo MTGA (Motion TGA) soubory.
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
515 </para>
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
516
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
517 <orderedlist>
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parents:
diff changeset
518 <title>Vysvětlení procesu:</title>
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parents:
diff changeset
519 <listitem><para>
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diff changeset
520 <application>MEncoder</application> <emphasis>dekóduje</emphasis> vstupní
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parents:
diff changeset
521 soubor(y) pomocí knihovny <systemitem class="library">libjpeg</systemitem>
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parents:
diff changeset
522 (když dekóduje PNG, použije <systemitem class="library">libpng</systemitem>).
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parents:
diff changeset
523 </para></listitem>
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
524 <listitem><para>
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
525 Potom <application>MEncoder</application> nakrmí dekódovaný snímek do
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
526 zvoleného video kompresoru (DivX4, XviD, FFmpeg msmpeg4, atd).
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parents:
diff changeset
527 </para></listitem>
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jheryan
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528 </orderedlist>
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529
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parents:
diff changeset
530 <formalpara>
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parents:
diff changeset
531 <title>Příklady</title>
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
532 <para>
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jheryan
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diff changeset
533 Vysvětlení volby <option>-mf</option> je v man stránce.
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parents:
diff changeset
534
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
535 <informalexample>
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
536 <para>
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
537 Vytvoření MPEG-4 souboru ze všech JPEG souborů v aktuálním adresáři:
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
538 <screen>
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diff changeset
539 mencoder mf://*.jpg -mf w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=jpg -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:trell -oac copy -o <replaceable>výstup.avi</replaceable>
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diff changeset
540 </screen>
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diff changeset
541 </para>
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parents:
diff changeset
542 </informalexample>
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543
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jheryan
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diff changeset
544 <informalexample>
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jheryan
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diff changeset
545 <para>
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
546 Vytvoření MPEG-4 souboru z některých JPEG souborů v aktuálním adresáři:
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
547 <screen>
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parents: 17077
diff changeset
548 mencoder mf://<replaceable>snímek001.jpg,snímek002.jpg</replaceable> -mf w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=jpg -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:trell -oac copy -o <replaceable>výstup.avi</replaceable>
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549 </screen>
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550 </para>
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551 </informalexample>
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552
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553 <informalexample>
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554 <para>
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diff changeset
555 Vytvoření MPEG-4 souboru ze seznamu vyjmenovaných JPEG souborů
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parents: 16809
diff changeset
556 (seznam.txt v aktuálním adresáři obsahuje seznam souborů k použití
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parents: 16809
diff changeset
557 jako zdroj, každý soubor na samostatném řádku):
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parents: 16809
diff changeset
558 <screen>
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parents: 16809
diff changeset
559 mencoder mf://<replaceable>@seznam.txt</replaceable> -mf w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=jpg \
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parents: 16809
diff changeset
560 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:trell -oac copy -o <replaceable>výstup.avi</replaceable>
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parents: 16809
diff changeset
561 </screen>
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diff changeset
562 </para>
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parents: 16809
diff changeset
563 </informalexample>
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parents: 16809
diff changeset
564
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parents: 16809
diff changeset
565 <informalexample>
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parents: 16809
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566 <para>
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diff changeset
567 Vytvoření Motion JPEG (MJPEG) souboru ze všech JPEG souborů v aktuálním
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
568 adresáři:
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
569 <screen>
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
570 mencoder mf://*.jpg -mf w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=jpg -ovc copy -oac copy -o <replaceable>výstup.avi</replaceable>
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571 </screen>
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572 </para>
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
573 </informalexample>
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parents:
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574
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
575 <informalexample>
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
576 <para>
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
577 Vytvoření nekomprimovaného souboru ze všech PNG souborů v aktuálním adresáři:
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parents:
diff changeset
578 <screen>
17077
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parents: 16809
diff changeset
579 mencoder mf://*.png -mf w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=png -ovc raw -oac copy -o <replaceable>výstup.avi</replaceable>
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580 </screen>
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diff changeset
581 </para>
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
582 </informalexample>
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parents:
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583
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
584 <note><para>
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
585 Šířka musí být celé číslo násobek 4, to je dáno omezením RAW RGB AVI formátu.
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parents:
diff changeset
586 </para></note>
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parents:
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587
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
588 <informalexample>
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
589 <para>
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
590 Vytvoření Motion PNG (MPNG) souboru ze všech PNG souborů v aktuálním adresáři:
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
591 <screen>
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
592 mencoder mf://*.png -mf w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=png -ovc copy -oac copy -o <replaceable>výstup.avi</replaceable> <!--
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
593 --></screen>
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
594 </para>
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595 </informalexample>
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parents:
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596
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
597 <informalexample>
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
598 <para>
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
599 Vytvoření Motion TGA (MTGA) souboru ze všech TGA souborů v aktuálním adresáři:
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
600 <screen>
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
601 mencoder mf://*.tga -mf w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=tga -ovc copy -oac copy -o <replaceable>výstup.avi</replaceable><!--
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
602 --></screen>
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
603 </para>
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
604 </informalexample>
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605
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
606 </para>
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
607 </formalpara>
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
608 </sect1>
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parents:
diff changeset
609
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parents:
diff changeset
610
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
611 <sect1 id="menc-feat-extractsub">
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
612 <title>Extrakce DVD titulků do VOBsub souboru</title>
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
613
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
614 <para>
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
615 <application>MEncoder</application> je schopen vyextrahovat titulky z DVD do
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
616 VOBsub formátovaných souborů. Ty sestávají ze dvou souborů zakončených
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parents:
diff changeset
617 <filename>.idx</filename> a <filename>.sub</filename> a jsou obvykle zabaleny
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parents:
diff changeset
618 v jediném <filename>.rar</filename> archivu.
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parents:
diff changeset
619 <application>MPlayer</application> je umí přehrávat s pomocí voleb
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parents:
diff changeset
620 <option>-vobsub</option> a <option>-vobsubid</option>.
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
621 </para>
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parents:
diff changeset
622
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diff changeset
623 <para>
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
624 Zadejte základní jméno (čili bez přípony <filename>.idx</filename> nebo
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
625 <filename>.sub</filename>) výstupních souborů pomocí volby
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parents:
diff changeset
626 <option>-vobsubout</option> a index pro tyto titulky ve zbývajících souborech
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parents:
diff changeset
627 pomocí <option>-vobsuboutindex</option>.
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parents:
diff changeset
628 </para>
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parents:
diff changeset
629
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
630 <para>
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
631 Pokud není vstup z DVD, měli byste použít <option>-ifo</option> pro indikaci
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parents:
diff changeset
632 <filename>.ifo</filename> souboru nutného k vytvoření výsledného
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parents:
diff changeset
633 <filename>.idx</filename> souboru.
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parents:
diff changeset
634 </para>
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diff changeset
635
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jheryan
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diff changeset
636 <para>
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parents:
diff changeset
637 Pokud vstup není z DVD a nemáte <filename>.ifo</filename> soubor, budete muset
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parents:
diff changeset
638 použít volbu <option>-vobsubid</option> k nastavení, pro které id jazyka se má
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
639 vytvořit <filename>.idx</filename> soubor.
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
640 </para>
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parents:
diff changeset
641
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parents:
diff changeset
642 <para>
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parents:
diff changeset
643 Každým spuštěním se přidají běžící titulky pokud soubory <filename>.idx</filename>
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parents:
diff changeset
644 a <filename>.sub</filename> již existují. Takže byste je měli všechny odstranit
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parents:
diff changeset
645 dříve než začnete.
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parents:
diff changeset
646 </para>
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
647
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diff changeset
648 <example>
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parents:
diff changeset
649 <title>Kopírování dvojích titulků z DVD během dvouprůchodového enkódování</title>
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parents:
diff changeset
650 <screen>
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
651 rm titulky.idx titulky.sub
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parents: 17077
diff changeset
652 mencoder dvd://1 -oac copy -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vpass=1 -vobsubout titulky
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parents: 17077
diff changeset
653 mencoder dvd://1 -oac copy -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:trell:vpass=2 -vobsubout titulky -vobsuboutindex 1 -sid 5<!--
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diff changeset
654 --></screen>
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diff changeset
655 </example>
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diff changeset
656
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diff changeset
657 <example>
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parents:
diff changeset
658 <title>Kopírování francouzských titulků z MPEG souboru</title>
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
659 <screen>
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
660 rm titulky.idx titulky.sub
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parents: 15377
diff changeset
661 mencoder <replaceable>film.mpg</replaceable> -ifo <replaceable>film.ifo</replaceable> -vobsubout titulky -vobsuboutindex 0 -vobsuboutid fr -sid 1 -nosound -ovc copy
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parents: 15377
diff changeset
662 </screen>
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663 </example>
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diff changeset
664
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diff changeset
665 </sect1>
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parents:
diff changeset
666
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parents:
diff changeset
667 <sect1 id="aspect">
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
668 <title>Zachování poměru stran</title>
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
669 <para>
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
670 DVD a SVCD (čili MPEG-1/2) soubory obsahují hodnotu poměru stran,
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
671 popisující, jak by měl přehrávač škálovat video proud, takže lidé nebudou mít
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
672 šišaté hlavy (př.: 480x480 + 4:3 = 640x480). Pokud ovšem enkódujeme do AVI
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
673 (DivX) souborů, mějte na paměti, že AVI hlavičky neukládají tuto hodnotu.
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
674 Přeškálování videa je odporné a časově náročné, takže musí být lepší způsob!
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
675 </para>
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parents:
diff changeset
676
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
677 <para>A zde jej máte</para>
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
678
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
679 <para>
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
680 MPEG-4 má unikátní vlastnost: video proud může obsahovat svůj požadovaný poměr
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
681 stran. Ano, přesně jako MPEG-1/2 (DVD, SVCD) a H.263 soubory. Naneštěstí,
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jheryan
parents:
diff changeset
682 <emphasis role="bold">žádný</emphasis> video přehrávač nepodporuje tento atribut
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683 MPEG-4, s výjimkou <application>MPlayer</application>u.
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684 </para>
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685
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686 <para>
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687 Tato vlastnost může být použita pouze s kodekem <systemitem>mpeg4</systemitem> z
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688 <link linkend="ffmpeg"><systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem></link>u.
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689 Mějte na paměti: ačkoli
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690 <application>MPlayer</application> korektně přehraje vytvořený soubor, ostatní
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691 přehrávače použijí špatný poměr stran.
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692 </para>
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693
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694 <para>
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695 Opravdu byste měli oříznout černé okraje nad a pod filmem.
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696 Nastudujte si použití filtrů <systemitem>cropdetect</systemitem> a
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697 <systemitem>crop</systemitem> v man stránce.
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698 </para>
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699
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700 <para>
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701 Použití
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702 <screen>mencoder <replaceable>vzorové-svcd.mpg</replaceable> -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:trell:autoaspect -vf crop=714:548:0:14 -oac copy -o <replaceable>výstup.avi</replaceable></screen>
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703 </para>
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704 </sect1>
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705
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706
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707 </chapter>