annotate DOCS/Hungarian/encoding.html @ 4199:bcaf75e384d8

Added (sigh, reHTMLized;)) Nick's VIDIX patch
author gabucino
date Wed, 16 Jan 2002 17:12:20 +0000
parents cab4ac1467e4
children 970a09005860
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1 <HTML>
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2 <BODY BGCOLOR=white>
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3
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4 <FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>
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5
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6 <P><B><A NAME=2.4>2.4. Enkódolás a MEncoderrel</A></B></P>
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7
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8 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.1>2.4.1. Bevezető</B></P>
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9
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10 <P>A <B>MEncoder</B> (<B>MPlayer</B>'s Movie Encoder) egy egyszerű film
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11 enkóder, az MPlayer által lejátszható formátumok
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12 (<B>AVI/DVD/VCD/VOB/MPG/MOV/VIV/FLI/RM/NUV/NET</B>) más - MPlayerrel lejátszható -
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13 formátumokba kódolására.
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14 Jelenleg béta verzió, és csak <B>DivX4</B> (1 vagy 2 menet) videoba, és
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15 <B>PCM</B>/<B>MP3</B>/<B>VBRMP3</B> audioba tud kódolni. Rendelkezik továbbá
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16 stream másoló képességgel. A közeljövőben tervezzük vágó, átméretező filterek
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17 beépítését, és hasonlókat.</P>
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18
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19 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.2>2.4.2. Fordítás</B></P>
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20
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21 <P>
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22 <UL>
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23 <LI>olvasd el az <B>MPlayer</B> fordítási útmutatóját, mivel információt
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24 tartalmaz arról hogy hogyan installálj <I>libdvdread-et</I> a <B>DVD</B>
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25 támogatáshoz, stb.</LI>
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26 <LI><B>OPCIONÁLIS</B> - töltsd le a legújabb <B>DivX4linux</B> könyvtárat például
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27 <A HREF="http://avifile.sourceforge.net/download.htm">innen</A>, és
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28 installáld HELYESEN. Ez szükséges a DivX4 (1/2 menetes) enkódoláshoz.</LI>
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29 <LI><B>OPCIONÁLIS</B> - ha a libavcodec codec-ekkel is akarsz enkódolni,
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30 installáld a libavcodec-et, ahogyan az a <A HREF="codecs.html#2.2.1.2">libavcodec
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31 fejezetben</A> le van írva.</LI>
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32 <LI><B>OPCIONÁLIS</B> -töltsd és fordítsd le a <B>libmp3lame-t</B> (a lame 3.89bétából vagy
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33 CVS-ből).<BR>
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34 <B>NE GCC 2.96-TAL FORDÍTSD ! Nem fog helyesen működni !</B><BR>
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35 Ez szükségeltetik a CBR/VBR MP3 audio enkódoláshoz. Egy
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36 egyszerű <CODE>lame</CODE> bináris nem elég. Mégvalami: minél kevesebb
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37 optimalizációt használsz a lame fordításánál, annál jobb lesz a minősége.
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38 A minőséget a fordítás utáni <CODE>make test</CODE> paranccsal
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39 ellenőrizheted. A kiírt számnak <B>30</B>-nál kevesebbnek kell lennie.
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40 Azért ne ess pánikba ha pl <B>400</B> fölötti értéket kapsz, nem
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41 valószínű hogy hallod a különbséget. Jaigen, ha a fordítód nem tudja
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42 a tesztet lefuttatni.. Nos, töröld már le azt a nyavajás <B>GCC 2.96</B>-ot.</LI>
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43 </UL>
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44 </P>
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45
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46 <P>Kész. Mint minden bizonnyal tudod, más enkódolóknak szüksége van az
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47 <I>avifile</I> könyvtárra. A <B>MEncoder</B>-nek egyáltalán nincs.</P>
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48
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49 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.3>2.4.3. MEncoder funkciók</B></P>
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50
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51 <P>
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52 <UL>
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53 <LI>enkódolás az összes file formátumból amit az <B>MPlayer</B> lejátszani
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54 képes</LI>
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55 <LI>az ffmpeg/libavcodec által támogatott összes codec használata kódolásra
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56 is</LI>
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57 <LI>enkódolás <B>V4L kompatibilis TV tunerekről</B></LI>
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58 <LI>enkódolása/multiplexelése interleaved AVI-knak, megfelelő index-szel</LI>
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59 <LI>1 vagy 2 menetes <B>DivX4</B> video</LI>
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60 <LI><B>VBR</B> MP3 audio - <B>FONTOS</B> : a VBR-es mp3-ak nem minden
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61 körülmények között lejátszhatóak windows rendszereken! Ha windows-on
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62 (is) lejátszandó AVI-t akarsz létrehozni, csinálj CBR-es mp3-at!</LI>
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63 <LI>PCM audio</LI>
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64 <LI>stream másolás (csak CBR audiot)</LI>
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65 <LI>bemeneti file A/V szinkronizálása (PTS-alapú, az -mc 0 opcióval
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66 kikapcsolható)</LI>
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67 <LI>FPS javítás az <CODE>-ofps</CODE> opcióval (hasznos ha 29.97fps-es
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68 VOB-ot kódolsz 24fps-es AVI-ba)</LI>
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69 <LI>kép átméretezése</LI>
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70 </UL>
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71 </P>
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72
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73 <P><B><I>Tervezett funkciók</I></B> :
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74 <UL>
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75 <LI>audio külön file-ból vétele (AC3, MP3, OGG)</LI>
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76 <LI>VBR audio stream másolás</LI>
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77 <LI>még szélesebb skálája a be/kimeneti formátumoknak, codec-eknek
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78 (VOB file-ok DivX4/Indeo5/VIVO videoval... :)</LI>
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79 <LI>audio enkódolása v4l-ről</LI>
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80 </UL>
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81 </P>
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82
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83 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.3.1>2.4.3.1. 2 menetes DivX4 enkódolása</B></P>
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84
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85 <P>Az elnevezés onnan jön, hogy ezzel a módszerrel a file <I>kétszer</I> lesz
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86 enkódolva. Az első menet néhány pár Mb-os ideiglenes (*.log) file-t hoz létre,
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87 amiket egyelőre nem szabad törölni (az AVI törölhető, ugyanolyan mintha -pass
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88 opciók nélkül keletkezett volna). A második menetben keletkezik a tényleges
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89 2 menetes DivX, az ideiglenes file-ok adataiből. A keletkező file az
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90 egy menetesekhez képest sokkal jobb minőséggel és kisebb mérettel bír. Ha most
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91 hallassz erről először, jobb ha keresel a neten egy útmutatót.</P>
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92
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93 <P>A következő példa egy DVD 2 menetes DivX4 AVI-ba történő enkódolását
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94 mutatja be. Csak két parancs szükséges :<BR>
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95 <CODE>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mencoder -dvd 2 -ovc divx4 -oac mp3lame -divx4opts br=1100
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96 -o movie.avi -pass 1<BR>
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97 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mencoder -dvd 2 -ovc divx4 -oac mp3lame -divx4opts br=1100 -o movie.avi -pass 2</CODE></P>
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98
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99 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.3.2>2.4.3.2. Átméretezés</B></P>
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100
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101 <P>Gyakran előjön a filmek átméretezésének igénye. Ennek oka sokféle lehet,
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102 például a fileméret csökkentése, vagy SVCD-ből DivX-be kódolás. A rippelt
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103 DVD-ket legtöbbször átméretezik (például egy 4:3-as DVD-t 640x480-ra),
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104 különösen akkor ha a cél az 1 CD-s méret és ezzel együtt a jó minőség is.
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105 Az SVCD-k képmérete 480x480, és a lejátszóprogramok az ezen fileok
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106 fejlécében található aspektusinformáció alapján számítják ki a megjelenítendő
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107 kép méretét (pl.: 480x480 + 4:3 = 640x480). Ezért AVI (DivX) file-okba
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108 történő kódolásnál figyelembe kell venni azt is, hogy az AVI file-ok ezen
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109 információ eltárolására nem képesek. Így az egyetlen megoldás az átméretezés.</P>
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110
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111 <P>A <B>MEncoder</B> képes nagyításra, ha a képeket YV12 formátumban kapja
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112 (azaz például az ffdivx, odivx meghajtókkal, vagy mpeg1/2-t). A kimeneti file
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113 képméretét az <CODE>-x</CODE> és <CODE>-y</CODE> opciókkal lehet megadni.
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114 Ezenkívül 3 féle átméretezőszűrő közül is lehet választani, <I>0 : gyors
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115 bilinear</I>, <I>1 : bilinear</I>, <I>2 : bicubic</I> (ennek van a legjobb
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116 minősége). Ezt az <CODE>-sws</CODE> opcióval lehet megadni. Alapértelmezett
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117 a 0 : gyors bilinear.</P>
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118
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119 <P>Az átméretezés egyszerű :<BR>
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120 <CODE>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mencoder sample-svcd.mpg -divx4opts br=1300 -x 640 -y 480 -sws 2 -o output.avi</CODE></P
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121
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122 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.3.3>2.4.3.3. Stream másolása</B></P>
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123
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124 <P>A <B>MEncoder</B> kétféleképpen tudja a bemeneti stream-eket kezelni :
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125 <B>enkódolja</B> vagy csak <B>átmásolja</B> őket. Ez a rész a <B>másolásról</B>
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126 szól.</P>
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127
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128 <P>
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129 <UL>
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130 <LI><B>Video stream-ek</B> (<CODE>-ovc copy</CODE> opció) : érdekes dolgokat
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131 lehet vele csinálni :)<BR>
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132 Mint például FLI vagy VIVO vagy MPEG1 video másolása AVI file-ba !
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133 Persze az ilyen videokat csak az <B>MPlayer</B> tudja lejátszani :) És
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134 ezeknek a haszna gyakorlatilag nulla. A racionális felhasználása ennek
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135 például amikor csak az audio stream-et kell enkódolni (pl tömörítetlen
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136 PCM-et MP3-ba).</LI>
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137
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138 <LI><B>Audio stream-ek</B> (<CODE>-oac copy</CODE> opció) : egyértelmű.</LI>
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139 </UL>
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140 </P>
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141
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142 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.3.4>2.4.3.4. Hibás index-szel rendelkező AVI-k rendbehozása</B></P>
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143
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144 <P>Legkönnyebb dolog a világon. Egyszerűen átmásoljuk a video és audio
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145 streameket, és közben a <B>MEncoder</B> létrehozza a megfelelő indexet is.
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146 Ez persze nem tudja kijavítani az esetleges hibákat a video és/vagy audio
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147 stream-ekben.</P>
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148
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149 <P>A parancs : <CODE>mencoder input.avi -ovc copy -oac copy -o output.avi</CODE></P>
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150
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151
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152 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.3.5>2.4.3.5. Enkódolás a <I>libavcodec</I> codec-ekkel</B></P>
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153
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154 <P>A <A HREF="codecs.html#2.2.1.2">libavcodec</A>-kel egyszerűen lehet kódolni
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155 jónéhány érdekes video és audio formátumba (jelenleg az audio codec-ek nem
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156 támogatottak). A következő codec-ekkel lehet enkódolni :</P>
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157
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158 <P>
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159 <UL>
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160 <LI>mjpeg - Motion JPEG</LI>
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161 <LI>h263p - H263 Plus</LI>
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162 <LI>mpeg4 - DivX4</LI>
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163 <LI>msmpeg4 - a régi DivX</LI>
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164 <LI>rv10 - egy régi RealVideo codec</LI>
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165 <LI>mpeg1video - MPEG1 video :)</LI>
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166 </UL>
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167 </P>
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168
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169 <P>Az első oszlopban felsorolt codec-eket kell átadni a
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170 <CODE>vcodec</CODE> opciónak, pl : <CODE>-lavcopts vcodec=msmpeg4</CODE></P>
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171
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172
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173 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.4>2.4.4. Szintaxis</B></P>
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174
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175 <P>&nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>mencoder [opciók] [bemeneti file] [opciók] ...</P>
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176
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177 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.5>2.4.5. Opciók</B></P>
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178
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179 <P>Megj.: az összes rendelkezésre álló opcióhoz <B>olvasd el a manpage-t !</B></P>
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180
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181 <TABLE BORDER=1>
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182 <TR>
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183 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>
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184 <I>-o</I> filenév</TD>
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185 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>
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186 kimeneti filenév megadása
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187 </TD>
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188 </TR>
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189 <TR>
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190 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>
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191 <I>-x</I> szélesség pixelben</TD>
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192 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>
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193 kimeneti video átméretezése megadott szélességre
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194 </TD>
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195 </TR>
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196 <TR>
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197 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>
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198 <I>-y</I> magasság pixelben</TD>
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199 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>
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200 kimeneti video átméretezése megadott magasságúra
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201 </TD>
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202 </TR>
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203 <TR>
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204 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>
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205 <I>-sws</I> 0-2</TD>
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206 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>
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207 átmérezetési módszer meghatározása<BR>
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208 &nbsp;&nbsp;0 - fast bilinear<BR>
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209 &nbsp;&nbsp;1 - bilinear<BR>
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210 &nbsp;&nbsp;2 - bicubic (legjobb minőség)<BR>
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211 </TD>
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212 </TR>
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213 <TR>
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214 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>
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215 <I>-ovc</I> codecnév</TD>
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216 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>
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217 Enkódolás a megadott codec-kel (a codec nevek a codecs.conf-ból származnak). Példák :<BR>
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218 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>help</B> - codecek listája<BR>
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219 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>copy</B> - nincs enkódolás, csak stream másolás (most csak AVI/ASF-ből)<BR>
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220 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>divx4</B> - enkódolás DivX4-be<BR>
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221 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>lavc</B> - enkódolás egy libavcodec-ben lévő codec-kel<BR>
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222 </TD>
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223 </TR>
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224 <TR>
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225 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>
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226 <I>-oac</I> codecnév</TD>
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227 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>
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228 Enkódolás a megadott codec-kel (a codec nevek a codecs.conf-ból származnak). Példák :<BR>
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229 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>help</B> - codecek listája<BR>
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230 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>copy</B> - nincs enkódolás, csak stream másolás (most csak AVI/ASF-ből, és csak CBR audiot)<BR>
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231 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>pcm</B> - tömörítetlen PCM<BR>
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232 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>mp3lame</B> - MP3 enkódolás<BR>
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233 </TD>
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234 </TR>
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235 <TR>
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236 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>
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237 <I>-divx4opts</I></TD>
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238 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>
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239 Ha DivX4-be enkódolsz, itt megadhatod a paramétereket, pl :<BR>
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240 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>-divx4opts br=1800:deinterlace:key=250</CODE><BR>
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241 Leghasznosabb opciók: <B>(a teljes lista a manpage-ban található !)</B><BR>
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242 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>help</B> - segíccség<BR>
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243 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>br</B>=XXX - bitráta megadása kbit-ben &lt;4-16000&gt; vagy bitben &lt;16001-24000000&gt;<BR>
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244 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>q</B>=XXXX - minőség (1-leggyorsabb, 5-legjobb - alapértelmezett)<BR>
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245 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>key</B>=XXXX - keyframe-k közötti időintervallum<BR>
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246 </TD>
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247 </TR>
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248 <TR>
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249 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>
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250 <I>-lavcopts</I></TD>
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251 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>
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252 Ha egy libavcodec-es codec-kel enkódolsz, itt megadhatod a paramétereket, pl :<BR>
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253 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>-lavcopts vcodec=msmpeg4:vbitrate=1800:vhq:keyint=250</CODE><BR>
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254 Leghasznosabb opciók: <B>(a teljes lista a manpage-ban található !)</B><BR>
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255 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>help</B> - segíccség<BR>
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256 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>vcodec</B>=XXX - video codec kiválasztása (a teljes lista a fenti libavcodec bekezdésben megtalálható)<BR>
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257 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>vbitrate</B>=XXX - bitráta megadása kbit-ben &lt;4-16000&gt; vagy bitben &lt;16001-24000000&gt;<BR>
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258 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>vhq</B> - legjobb minőség (?)<BR>
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259 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>keyint</B>=XXX - keyframe-k közötti időintervallum<BR>
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260 </TD>
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261 </TR>
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262 <TR>
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263 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>
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264 <I>-lameopts</I></TD>
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265 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>
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266 Ha MP3-ba kódolsz, itt adhatod meg a paramétereket, pl :<BR>
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267 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>-lameopts q=3</CODE><BR>
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268 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>-lameopts br=192:cbr</CODE><BR>
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269 Leghasznosabb opciók: <B>(a teljes lista a manpage-ban található !)</B><BR>
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270 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>help</B> - törpítség<BR>
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271 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>cbr</B> - <B>CBR</B>-es MP3 kiválasztása (az alapértelmezett a <B>VBR</B>)<BR>
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272 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>br</B>=XXX - bitráta megadása kbit-ben &lt;0-1024&gt; (csak <B>CBR</B>-nél!)<BR>
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273 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>q</B>=XXXX - minőség (0-legjobb, 9-leggyorsabb) (csak <B>VBR</B>-nél!)<BR>
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274 </TD>
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275 </TR>
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276 </TABLE>
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277
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278 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.6>2.4.6. Példák</B></P>
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279
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280 <P>A <B>MEncoder</B> használata a legkönnyebb dolog a Földön.</P>
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281
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282 <P>A DVD 2-es fejezetének enkódolása :<BR>
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283 <CODE>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mencoder -dvd 2 -o title2.avi</CODE></P>
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284
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285 <P>Ugyanez libavcodec-kel, MJPEG tömörítéssel :<BR>
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286 <CODE>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mencoder -dvd 2 -o title2.avi -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mjpeg -ffourcc mjpg</CODE></P>
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287
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288 <P>A DVD 2-es fejezetének enkódolása, átméretezéssel :<BR>
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289 <CODE>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mencoder -dvd 2 -x 640 -y 480 -sws 2 -o title2.avi</CODE></P>
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290
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291 <P>Enkódolás HTTP-ről :<BR>
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292 <CODE>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mencoder http://mplayer.hq/example.avi -o example.avi</CODE></P>
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293
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294 <P>Enkódolás standard bemenetről :<BR>
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295 <CODE>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;rar p test-SVCD.rar | mencoder -divx4opts br=800 -ofps 24 -pass 1 -- -</CODE></P>
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296
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297 <P>Több VOB file enkódolása :<BR>
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298 <CODE>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cat *.vob | mencoder &lt;options&gt; -</CODE></P>
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299
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300 <P>Enkódolás tuner-ről (a tuner opciók a <A HREF="documentation.html#2.5">TV input</A> fejezetben találhatóak) :<BR>
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301 <CODE>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mencoder -tv on:driver=v4l:width=640:height=480 &lt;options&gt;</CODE></P>
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302
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303 <P>Az összes opció listájához <B><I>lásd a MEncoder manpage-t !</I></B>
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304 <P>
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305 </FONT>
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306
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307 </BODY>
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308 </HTML>