annotate DOCS/xml/es/usage.xml @ 36916:d41fbe8a8797

Add new dynamic label variable $U. This is the volume without decimal places (which makes more sense to me than $V and should have been the output of $V in the first place).
author ib
date Thu, 13 Mar 2014 15:51:42 +0000
parents ca216bfc52cf
children
Ignore whitespace changes - Everywhere: Within whitespace: At end of lines:
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1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
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2 <!-- synced with 1.17 -->
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3 <chapter id="usage">
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4 <title>Uso</title>
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5
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6 <sect1 id="commandline">
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7 <title>Línea de órdenes</title>
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8
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9 <para>
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10 <application>MPlayer</application> utiliza un árbol de juego
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11 complejo. Consiste en escribir las opciones globales las
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12 primeras, por ejemplo
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13
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14 <screen>mplayer -vfm 5</screen>
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15
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16 y las opciones escritas después de los nombres de archivos, que se
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17 aplican solamente al nombre de archivo/URL/lo que sea, por ejemplo:
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18
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19 <screen>mplayer -vfm 5 <replaceable>pelicula1.avi</replaceable> <replaceable>pelicula2.avi</replaceable> -vfm 4</screen>
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20 </para>
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21
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22 <para>
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23 Puede agrupar nombres de archivo/URLs usando <literal>{</literal> y
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24 <literal>}</literal>. Esto es útil con la opción <option>-loop</option>:
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25
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26 <screen>mplayer { 1.avi - loop 2 2.avi } -loop 3</screen>
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27
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28 La órden de arriba reproduce los archivos en este orden:
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29 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2.
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30 </para>
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31
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32 <para>
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33 Reproduciendo un archivo:
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34 <synopsis>
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35 <command>mplayer</command><!--
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36 --> [<replaceable>opciones</replaceable>]<!--
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37 --> [<replaceable>ruta</replaceable>/]<replaceable>nombre-archivo</replaceable>
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38 </synopsis>
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39 </para>
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40
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41 <para>
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42 Reproduciendo más archivos:
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43 <synopsis>
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44 <command>mplayer</command><!--
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45 --> [<replaceable>opciones por defecto</replaceable>]<!--
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46 --> [<replaceable>ruta</replaceable>/]<replaceable>nombre-archivo1</replaceable><!--
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47 --> [<replaceable>opciones para nombre-archivo1</replaceable>]<!--
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48 --> <replaceable>nombre-archivo2</replaceable><!--
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49 --> [<replaceable>opciones para nombre-archivo2</replaceable>] ...
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50 </synopsis>
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51 </para>
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52
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53 <para>
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54 Reproduciendo VCD:
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55 <synopsis>
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56 <command>mplayer</command> [<replaceable>opciones</replaceable>]<!--
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57 --> vcd://<replaceable>npista</replaceable><!--
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58 --> [-cdrom-device <replaceable>/dev/cdrom</replaceable>]
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59 </synopsis>
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60 </para>
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61
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62 <para>
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63 Reproduciendo DVD:
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64 <synopsis>
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65 <command>mplayer</command> [<replaceable>opciones</replaceable>]<!--
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66 --> dvd://<replaceable>ntitulo</replaceable><!--
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67 --> [-dvd-device <replaceable>/dev/dvd</replaceable>]
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68 </synopsis>
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69 </para>
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70
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71 <para>
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72 Reproduciendo desde la WWW:
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73 <synopsis>
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74 <command>mplayer</command> [<replaceable>opciones</replaceable>]<!--
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75 --> http://<replaceable>sitio.com/archivo.asf</replaceable>
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76 </synopsis>
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77 (las listas de reproducción también pueden ser usadas)
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78 </para>
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79
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80 <para>
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81 Reproduciendo desde RTSP:
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82 <synopsis>
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83 <command>mplayer</command> [<replaceable>opciones</replaceable>]<!--
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84 --> rtsp://<replaceable>servidor.ejemplo.com/nombreFlujo</replaceable>
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85 </synopsis>
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86 </para>
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87
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88 <para>
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89 Ejemplos:
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90 <screen>
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91 mplayer -vo x11 <replaceable>/mnt/Pelis/Contact/contact2.mpg</replaceable>
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92 mplayer vcd://<replaceable>2</replaceable> -cd-rom-device <replaceable>/dev/hdc</replaceable>
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93 mplayer -afm 3 <replaceable>/mnt/DVDtrailers/alien4.vob</replaceable>
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94 mplayer dvd://<replaceable>1</replaceable> -dvd-device <replaceable>/dev/hdc</replaceable>
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95 mplayer -abs 65536 -delay -0.4 -nobps <replaceable>~/pelis/prueba.avi</replaceable><!--
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96 --></screen>
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97 </para>
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98 </sect1>
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99
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100
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101 <sect1 id="control">
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102 <title>Control</title>
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103
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104 <para>
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105 <application>MPlayer</application> tiene una capa de control completamente
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106 configurable, dada por órdenes, que le permite controlar
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107 <application>MPlayer</application> con el teclado, el ratón, la palanca
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108 de juegos o el mando a distancia (usando LIRC). Vea la página de manual para
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109 una lista completa de los controles de teclado.
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110 </para>
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111
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112
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113 <sect2 id="ctrl-cfg">
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114 <title>Configuración de los controles</title>
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115
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116 <para>
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117 <application>MPlayer</application> permite asignar una tecla/botón a
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118 cualquier órden de <application>MPlayer</application> usando un archivo
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119 de configuración simple. La sintaxis consiste en un nombre clave seguido
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120 por la órden. El archivo de configuración por defecto es
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121 <filename>$HOME/.mplayer/input.conf</filename> pero puede ser cambiado
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122 usando la opción <option>-input <replaceable>conf</replaceable></option>
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123 (ruta relativa a <filename>$HOME/.mplayer</filename>).
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124 </para>
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125
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126 <example id="input_control_file">
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127 <title>Un archivo de control simple</title>
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128 <programlisting>
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129 ##
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130 ## Archivo de control de entrada de <application>MPlayer</application>
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131 ##
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132
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133 RIGHT seek +10
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134 LEFT seek -10
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135 - audio_delay 0.100
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136 + audio_delay -0.100
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137 q quit
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138 &gt; pt_step 1
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139 &lt; pt_step -1
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140 ENTER pt_step 1 1<!--
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141 --></programlisting>
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142 </example>
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143
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144
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145 <sect3 id="ctrl-cfg-keys">
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146 <title>Nombres clave</title>
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147
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148 <para>
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149 Puede obtener una lista completa ejecutando
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150 <command>mplayer -input keylist</command>.
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151 </para>
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152
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153 <itemizedlist>
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154 <title>Teclado</title>
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155 <listitem><para>Cualquier caracter imprimible</para></listitem>
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156 <listitem><para><literal>SPACE</literal></para></listitem>
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157 <listitem><para><literal>ENTER</literal></para></listitem>
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158 <listitem><para><literal>TAB</literal></para></listitem>
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159 <listitem><para><literal>CTRL</literal></para></listitem>
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160 <listitem><para><literal>BS</literal></para></listitem>
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161 <listitem><para><literal>DEL</literal></para></listitem>
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162 <listitem><para><literal>INS</literal></para></listitem>
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163 <listitem><para><literal>HOME</literal></para></listitem>
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164 <listitem><para><literal>END</literal></para></listitem>
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165 <listitem><para><literal>PGUP</literal></para></listitem>
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166 <listitem><para><literal>PGDWN</literal></para></listitem>
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167 <listitem><para><literal>ESC</literal></para></listitem>
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168 <listitem><para><literal>RIGHT</literal></para></listitem>
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169 <listitem><para><literal>LEFT</literal></para></listitem>
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170 <listitem><para><literal>UP</literal></para></listitem>
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171 <listitem><para><literal>DOWN</literal></para></listitem>
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172 </itemizedlist>
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173
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174 <itemizedlist>
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175 <title>Ratón (solo funciona bajo X)</title>
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176 <listitem><para>
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177 <literal>MOUSE_BTN0</literal> (Botón izquierdo)</para></listitem>
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178 <listitem><para>
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179 <literal>MOUSE_BTN1</literal> (Botón derecho)</para></listitem>
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180 <listitem><para>
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181 <literal>MOUSE_BTN2</literal> (Botón central)</para></listitem>
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182 <listitem><para>
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183 <literal>MOUSE_BTN3</literal> (Rueda)</para></listitem>
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184 <listitem><para>
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185 <literal>MOUSE_BTN4</literal> (Rueda)</para></listitem>
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186 <listitem><para>...</para></listitem>
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187 <listitem><para><literal>MOUSE_BTN9</literal></para></listitem>
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188 </itemizedlist>
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189
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190 <itemizedlist>
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191 <title>Palanca de juegos (para que funcione debe habilitarse durante la compilación)</title>
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192 <listitem><para>
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193 <literal>JOY_RIGHT</literal> o
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194 <literal>JOY_AXIS0_PLUS</literal></para></listitem>
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195 <listitem><para>
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196 <literal>JOY_LEFT</literal> o
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197 <literal>JOY_AXIS0_MINUS</literal></para></listitem>
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198 <listitem><para>
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199 <literal>JOY_UP</literal> o
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200 <literal>JOY_AXIS1_MINUS</literal></para></listitem>
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201 <listitem><para>
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202 <literal>JOY_DOWN</literal> o
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203 <literal>JOY_AXIS1_PLUS</literal></para></listitem>
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204 <listitem><para><literal>JOY_AXIS2_PLUS</literal></para></listitem>
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205 <listitem><para><literal>JOY_AXIS2_MINUS</literal></para></listitem>
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206 <listitem><para>...</para></listitem>
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207 <listitem><para><literal>JOY_AXIS9_PLUS</literal></para></listitem>
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208 <listitem><para><literal>JOY_AXIS9_MINUS</literal></para></listitem>
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209 </itemizedlist>
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210 </sect3>
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211
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212
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213 <sect3 id="ctrl-cfg-commands">
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214 <title>Órdenes</title>
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215
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216 <para>
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217 Puede obtener una lista completa de órdenes ejecutando
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218 <command>mplayer -input cmdlist</command>.
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219 </para>
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220
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221 <itemizedlist>
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222 <listitem><para><literal>seek</literal> (int) val [(int) type=0]</para>
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223 <para>
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224 Se posiciona en un lugar de la película.
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225 Tipo <literal>0</literal> es posicionamiento relativo en +/- val segundos.
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226 Tipo <literal>1</literal> se posiciona a un valor en val% de la película.
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227 </para></listitem>
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228 <listitem><para><literal>audio_delay</literal> (float) val</para>
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229 <para>
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230 Ajusta el retardo de audio en val segundos
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231 </para></listitem>
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232 <listitem><para><literal>quit</literal></para>
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233 <para>
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234 Salir de <application>MPlayer</application>
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235 </para></listitem>
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236 <listitem><para><literal>pause</literal></para>
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237 <para>
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238 Pausa/continúa la reproducción
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239 </para></listitem>
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240 <listitem><para><literal>grap_frames</literal></para>
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241 <para>
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242 ¿Alguien lo sabe?
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243 </para></listitem>
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244 <listitem><para><literal>pt_step</literal> (int) val [(int) force=0]</para>
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245 <para>
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246 Va a la entrada siguiente/previa en la lista de reproducción. El signo
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247 de val dice la dirección. Si no hay otra entrada disponible en la dirección
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248 dada no ocurre nada a no ser que force no sea 0.
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249 </para></listitem>
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250 <listitem><para><literal>pt_up_step</literal> (int) val [(int) force=0]</para>
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251 <para>
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252 Igual que pt_step pero salta a siguiente/previo en la lista actual. Esto
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253 es útli para romber bucles internos en el árbol de reproducción.
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254 </para></listitem>
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255 <listitem><para><literal>alt_src_step</literal> (int) val</para>
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256 <para>
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257 Cuando hay más de una fuente disponible selecciona la siguiente/previa
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258 (solo funciona en listas de reproducción asx).
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259 </para></listitem>
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260 <listitem><para><literal>sub_delay</literal> (float) val [(int) abs=0]</para>
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261 <para>
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262 Ajusta el retardo de subtítulos en +/- val segundos o lo establece en
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263 val segundos cuando abs no es cero.
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264 </para></listitem>
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265 <listitem><para><literal>osd</literal> [(int) level=-1]</para>
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266 <para>
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267 Cambia el modo de osd o establece el invel cuando el nivel &gt; 0.
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268 </para></listitem>
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269 <listitem><para><literal>volume</literal> (int) dir</para>
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270 <para>Incrementa/reduce el volumen
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271 </para></listitem>
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272 <listitem><para><literal>contrast</literal> (int) val [(int) abs=0]
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273 </para></listitem>
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274 <listitem><para><literal>brightness</literal> (int) val [(int) abs=0]
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275 </para></listitem>
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276 <listitem><para><literal>hue</literal> (int) val [(int) abs=0]
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277 </para></listitem>
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278 <listitem><para><literal>saturation</literal> (int) val [(int) abs=0]</para>
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279 <para>
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280 Establece/Ajusta los parámetros de video. Rango de val entre -100 y 100.
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281 </para></listitem>
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282 <listitem><para><literal>frame_drop</literal> [(int) type=-1]</para>
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283 <para>
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284 Cambia/Establece el modo de salto de marcos.
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285 </para></listitem>
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286 <listitem><para><literal>sub_visibility</literal></para>
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287 <para>
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288 Ajusta la visibilidad de los subtítulos.
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289 </para></listitem>
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290 <listitem><para><literal>sub_pos</literal> (int) val</para>
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291 <para>
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292 Ajusta la posición de los subtítulos.
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293 </para></listitem>
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294 <listitem><para><literal>vobsub_lang</literal></para>
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295 <para>
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296 Cambia el idioma de los subtítulos VobSub.
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297 </para></listitem>
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298 <listitem><para><literal>vo_fullscreen</literal></para>
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299 <para>
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300 Cambia el modo de pantalla completa.
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301 </para></listitem>
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302 <listitem><para><literal>vo_ontop</literal></para>
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303 <para>
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304 Cambia siempre-visible. Soportado por controladores que usen X11,
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305 excepto SDL, así como directx y gl2 bajo Windows.
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306 </para></listitem>
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307 <listitem><para><literal>tv_step_channel</literal> (int) dir</para>
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308 <para>
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309 Selecciona el canal de tv siguiente/previo.
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310 </para></listitem>
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311 <listitem><para><literal>tv_step_norm</literal></para>
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312 <para>
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313 Cambia la norma de TV.
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314 </para></listitem>
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315 <listitem><para><literal>tv_step_chanlist</literal></para>
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316 <para>
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317 Cambia la lista de canales.
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318 </para></listitem>
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319 <listitem><para><literal>gui_loadfile</literal></para></listitem>
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320 <listitem><para><literal>gui_loadsubtitle</literal></para></listitem>
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321 <listitem><para><literal>gui_about</literal></para></listitem>
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322 <listitem><para><literal>gui_play</literal></para></listitem>
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323 <listitem><para><literal>gui_stop</literal></para></listitem>
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324 <listitem><para><literal>gui_playlist</literal></para></listitem>
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325 <listitem><para><literal>gui_preferences</literal></para></listitem>
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326 <listitem><para><literal>gui_skinbrowser</literal></para>
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327 <para>
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328 Acciones para el GUI
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329 </para></listitem>
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330 </itemizedlist>
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331 </sect3>
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332 </sect2>
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333
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334
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335 <sect2 id="lirc">
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nauj27
parents:
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336 <title>Control desde LIRC</title>
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
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337
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
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338 <para>
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nauj27
parents:
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339 Linux Infrared Remote Control - use un receptor-IR facil de hacer y
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kraymer
parents: 14707
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340 fabricar en casa, un (casi) arbitrario control remoto ¡y controle
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
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parents: 14707
diff changeset
341 su linux con él! Más acerca de esto en
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nauj27
parents:
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342 <ulink url="http://www.lirc.org">www.lirc.org</ulink>.
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343 </para>
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
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344
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
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345 <para>
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parents: 14707
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346 Si tiene instalado el paquete-lirc, configure lo autodetectará. Si todo
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
347 va bien, <application>MPlayer</application> escribirá un mensaje como
10657
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nauj27
parents:
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348 "<computeroutput>Setting up lirc support...</computeroutput>"
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kraymer
parents: 14707
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349 durante su inicio. Si ocurre algún error le informará de ello. Si no le
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nauj27
parents:
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350 dice nada acerca de LIRC es porque se ha compilado sin tenerlo en cuenta.
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
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351 Eso es todo :-)
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nauj27
parents:
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352 </para>
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
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353
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
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354 <para>
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kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
355 El nombre de la aplicación para <application>MPlayer</application> es - oh
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
356 que maravilla - <filename>mplayer</filename>. Puede usar las órdenes de
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
357 <application>MPlayer</application> e incluso pasar más de una órden
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
358 separándolas con <literal>\n</literal>.
11041
450f7aa81adc build fixes
diego
parents: 10996
diff changeset
359 No olvide activar el marcador repeat en <filename>.lircrc</filename> cuando
20526
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kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
360 tenga sentido (posición, volumen, etc). Aquí hay un extracto de mi
10657
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nauj27
parents:
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361 <filename>.lircrc</filename>:
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
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362 </para>
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
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363
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
364 <programlisting>
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
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365 begin
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
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366 button = VOLUME_PLUS
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
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367 prog = mplayer
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
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368 config = volume 1
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
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369 repeat = 1
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
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370 end
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
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371
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
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372 begin
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
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373 button = VOLUME_MINUS
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
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374 prog = mplayer
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
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375 config = volume -1
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
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376 repeat = 1
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
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377 end
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
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378
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
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379 begin
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
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380 button = CD_PLAY
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
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381 prog = mplayer
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
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382 config = pause
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
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383 end
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
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384
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
385 begin
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
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386 button = CD_STOP
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
387 prog = mplayer
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
388 config = seek 0 1\npause
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
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389 end<!--
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
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390 --></programlisting>
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
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391
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
392 <para>
20526
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
393 Si no le gusta la localización estándar del archivo de configuración
10657
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nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
394 de lirc (<filename>~/.lircrc</filename>) use el conmutador
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
395 <option>-lircconf <replaceable>nombre-archivo</replaceable></option>
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
396 para especificar otro archivo.
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
397 </para>
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
398 </sect2>
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
399
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
400
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
401 <sect2 id="slave-mode">
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
402 <title>Modo esclavo</title>
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
403 <para>
20526
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
404 El modo esclavo le permite construir una interfaz gráfica de manera
10657
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
405 simple para <application>MPlayer</application>. Cuando se activa
20526
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
406 (con la opción <option>-slave</option>) <application>MPlayer</application>
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
407 lee las órdenes separándolsa por el caracter de nueva línea (\n) desde
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
408 la entrada estándar stdin.
10657
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
409 </para>
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
410 </sect2>
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
411 </sect1>
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
412
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
413
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
414 <sect1 id="streaming">
20526
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
415 <title>Streaming desde la red o tuberías</title>
10657
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
416
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
417 <para>
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
418 <application>MPlayer</application> puede reproducir archivos desde la red, usando
10792
nauj27
parents: 10657
diff changeset
419 el protocolo HTTP, FTP, MMS o RTSP/RTP.
10657
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
420 </para>
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
421
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
422 <para>
20526
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
423 La reprodución comienza símplemente añadiendo la URL en la línea de órdenes.
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
424 <application>MPlayer</application> también tiene en cuenta a la variable
29263
0f1b5b68af32 whitespace cosmetics: Remove all trailing whitespace.
diego
parents: 27260
diff changeset
425 de entorno <envar>http_proxy</envar>, y usa el proxy si está disponible. El
20526
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
426 uso de proxy también puede forzarse con:
11740
nauj27
parents: 11559
diff changeset
427 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>http_proxy://proxy.micorsops.com:3128/http://micorsops.com:80/stream.asf</replaceable></screen>
10657
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
428 </para>
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
429
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
430 <para>
20526
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
431 <application>MPlayer</application> puede leer desde la entrada estádar
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
432 (<emphasis>no</emphasis> desde tuberías nombradas). Esto puede ser usado
10657
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
433 por ejemplo para reproducir desde FTP:
11740
nauj27
parents: 11559
diff changeset
434 <screen>wget <replaceable>ftp://micorsops.com/algo.avi</replaceable> -O - | mplayer -</screen>
10657
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
435 </para>
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
436
11053
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parents: 11041
diff changeset
437 <note><para>
29263
0f1b5b68af32 whitespace cosmetics: Remove all trailing whitespace.
diego
parents: 27260
diff changeset
438 Nota: también es recomendable activar la <option>-cache</option>cuando
11150
79b573df75b4 sync & other minor fix
nauj27
parents: 11053
diff changeset
439 se reproduce desde la red:
10657
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
440 <screen>wget ftp://micorsops.com/algo.avi -O - | mplayer -cache 8192 -</screen>
11053
nauj27
parents: 11041
diff changeset
441 </para></note>
10657
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
442 </sect1>
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
443
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
444 <sect1 id="mpst" xreflabel="Remote streams">
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
445 <title>Flujos remotos</title>
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
446
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
447 <para>
20526
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
448 Los flujos remotos le permiten acceder a la mayoría de los tipos de flujo
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
449 para <application>MPlayer</application> desde un host remoto. El propósito
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
450 principal de esta característica es hacer posible la reproducción directa
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
451 usando CD o DVD de otro ordenador a través de la red (suponiendo que tiene
10657
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
452 el ancho de banda requerido). En el lado bajo algunos tipos de flujos
29263
0f1b5b68af32 whitespace cosmetics: Remove all trailing whitespace.
diego
parents: 27260
diff changeset
453 (actualmente TV y MF) no se pueden usar de manera remota debido a que
20526
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
454 están implementados a nivel de demultiplexor. De todos modos para MF y TV
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
455 debería de tener una cantidad insana de ancho de banda.
10657
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
456 </para>
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
457
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
458 <sect2 id="compile_mpst_server">
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
459 <title>Compilando el servidor</title>
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
460 <para>
20526
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
461 Después de que tenga <application>MPlayer</application> compilado
10657
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
462 vaya a <filename>TOOLS/netstream</filename> para compilar el binario
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
463 del servidor. Puede hacer una copia del binario de
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
464 <application>netstream</application> al lugar correcto en su
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
465 sistema (normalmente <filename class="directory">/usr/local/bin</filename>
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
466 en Linux).
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
467 </para>
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
468 </sect2>
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
469
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
470 <sect2 id="use_mpst">
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
471 <title>Usando flujos remotos</title>
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
472 <para>
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
473 Lo primero que tiene que hacer es iniciar el servidor en el ordenador
20526
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
474 al que quiere hacer el acceso remoto. Actualmente el servidor es muy básico
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
475 y no tiene ningún argumento en la línea de órdenes nada más que escribir
10657
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
476 <filename>netstream</filename>. Ahora puede por ejemplo reproducir una
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
477 segunda pista de un VCD en el servidor con :
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
478 <screen>
11740
nauj27
parents: 11559
diff changeset
479 mplayer -cache 5000 <replaceable>mpst://nombre-servidor/vcd://2</replaceable>
10657
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
480 </screen>
20526
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
481 También puede acceder a los archivos en este servidor :
10657
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
482 <screen>
11741
02df377149a6 compilation fixes
wight
parents: 11740
diff changeset
483 mplayer -cache 5000 <replaceable>mpst://nombre-servidor//usr/local/peliculas/lol.avi</replaceable>
10657
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
484 </screen>
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
485 Note que las rutas que no empiezan con un / deben ser relativas
29263
0f1b5b68af32 whitespace cosmetics: Remove all trailing whitespace.
diego
parents: 27260
diff changeset
486 al directorio donde el servidor está corriendo. La opción <option>-cache</option>
10657
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
487 no es necesaria pero es altamente recomendable.
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
488 </para>
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
489
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
490 <para>
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
491 Tenga cuidado con que actualmente el servidor no es para nada seguro.
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
492 No se queje de la cantidad tan numerosa de fallos de seguridad que es
20526
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
493 posible que tenga. En lugar de eso, envíe algunos (buenos) parches para
10657
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
494 mejorarlo o escriba su propio servidor.
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
495 </para>
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
496
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
497 </sect2>
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
498
5678a8ab7979 New spanish DOCS files
nauj27
parents:
diff changeset
499 </sect1>
11806
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
500
31890
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
501 <sect1 id="drives">
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
502 <title>Unidades de CD/DVD</title>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
503 <para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
504 Extracto de documentación de Linux:
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
505 </para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
506
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
507 <para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
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508 Las unidades de CD-ROM modernas pueden alcanzar velocidades de lectura
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diego
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509 muy altas, a pesar de ello algunas unidades de CD-ROM son capaces de
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diego
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510 funcionar a velocidades reducidas. Hay varias razones que pueden hacer
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diego
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511 considerar cambiar la velocidad de la unidad de CD-ROM:
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diego
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512 </para>
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diego
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513
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diego
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diff changeset
514 <itemizedlist>
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diego
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515 <listitem><para>
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diego
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516 Ha habido varios informes de errores de lectura a velocidades altas,
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diego
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517 especialmente en unidades de CD-ROM en mal estado. Reducir la velocidad
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diego
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518 puede prevenir la pérdida de datos bajo estas circunstancias.
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diego
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519 </para></listitem>
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diego
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520
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diego
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521 <listitem><para>
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diego
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diff changeset
522 Algunas unidades de CD-ROM son molestamente ruidosas, a menor velocidad
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diego
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523 se puede reducir el ruido.
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diego
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524 </para></listitem>
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diego
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525 </itemizedlist>
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diego
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526
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diego
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527 <para>
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diego
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528 Puede reducir la velocidad de las unidades de CD-ROM IDE con
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diego
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diff changeset
529 <command>hdparm</command> o con un programa llamado <command>setcd</command>.
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diego
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diff changeset
530 Funciona de la siguiente manera:
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diego
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diff changeset
531 <screen>hdparm -E <replaceable>[velocidad]</replaceable> <replaceable>[dispositivo de cdrom]</replaceable></screen>
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diego
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diff changeset
532 <screen>setcd -x <replaceable>[velocidad]</replaceable> <replaceable>[dispositivo cdrom]</replaceable></screen>
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diego
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533 </para>
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diego
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534
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diego
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535 <para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
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diff changeset
536 Si tiene privilegios de root la siguiente órden puede también ayudarle:
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
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diff changeset
537 <screen>echo file_readahead:2000000 &gt; /proc/ide/<replaceable>[cdrom device]</replaceable>/settings</screen>
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diego
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538 </para>
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diego
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539
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
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540 <para>
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diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
541 Esto establece prelectura de 2MB del archivo, lo cual ayuda en CD-ROMs rayados.
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
542 Si establece un valor demasiado alto, la unidad puede estar contínuamente
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
543 girando y parando, y puede decrementar dramáticamente el rendimiento.
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
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544 Se recomienda que también afine su unidad de CD-ROM con <command>hdparm</command>:
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
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diff changeset
545 <screen>hdparm -d1 -a8 -u1 <replaceable>cdrom device</replaceable></screen>
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diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
546 </para>
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diego
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547
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diego
parents: 29263
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548 <para>
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diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
549 Esto activa el acceso DMA, pre-lectura, y desenmascarado de IRQ (lea la página
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diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
550 de manual de <command>hdparm</command> para una explicación detallada).
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diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
551 </para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
552
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diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
553 <para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
554 Por favor, diríjase a &quot;<filename>/proc/ide/<replaceable>cdrom device</replaceable>/settings&quot;</filename>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
555 para ajuste-fino de su CD-ROM.
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
556 </para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
557
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
558 <para>
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diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
559 Las unidades SCSI no tienen una manera uniforme para estableces estos
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diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
560 parámetros (¿conoce alguna? ¡Díganoslo!) Aquí hay una herramienta que funciona
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
561 para
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diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
562 <ulink url="http://das.ist.org/~georg/">unidades Plextor SCSI</ulink>.
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diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
563 </para>
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diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
564
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diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
565 <para>FreeBSD:</para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
566 <para>Speed: <command>cdcontrol [-f <replaceable>dispositivo</replaceable>] speed <replaceable>velocidad</replaceable></command></para>
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diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
567 <para>DMA: <command>sysctl hw.ata.atapi_dma=1</command></para>
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diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
568 </sect1>
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diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
569
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diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
570 <sect1 id="dvd">
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diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
571 <title>Reproducción de DVD</title>
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diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
572 <para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
573 Para una lista completa de opciones disponibles, lea por favor la página de manual.
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
574 La Sintaxis para un Disco Versátil Digital (DVD) estándar es la siguiente:
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
575 <screen>mplayer dvd://<replaceable>&lt;pista&gt;</replaceable> [-dvd-device <replaceable>&lt;dispositivo&gt;</replaceable>]</screen>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
576 </para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
577
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
578 <para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
579 Ejemplo:
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
580 <screen>mplayer dvd://<replaceable>1</replaceable> -dvd-device <replaceable>/dev/hdc</replaceable></screen>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
581 </para>
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diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
582
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
583 <para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
584 El dispositivo DVD por defecto es <filename>/dev/dvd</filename>. Si su
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
585 configuración es diferente, haga un enlace simbólico o especifique el
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
586 dispositivo correcto en la línea de órdenes con la opción
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
587 <option>-dvd-device</option>.
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
588 </para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
589
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
590 <formalpara>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
591 <title>Soporte para el DVD de Nuevo-estilo (mpdvdkit2)</title>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
592 <para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
593 <application>MPlayer</application> usa <systemitem>libdvdread</systemitem> y
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
594 <systemitem>libdvdcss</systemitem> para desencriptación y reproducción. Estas
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
595 dos bibliotecas están contenidas en el subdirectorio
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
596 <filename class="directory">libmpdvdkit2/</filename>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
597 del árbol de código fuente de <application>MPlayer</application>, no tiene
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
598 que instalarlo por separado. Hemos optado por esta solución porque hemos
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
599 corregido un error de <systemitem>libdvdread</systemitem> y aplicado un
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
600 parche que añade <emphasis role="bold">soporte para cacheo de claves CSS
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
601 crackeadas</emphasis> para <systemitem>libdvdcss</systemitem>. Esto resulta
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
602 en un gran incremento de velocidad porque las claves no tienen que ser
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
603 crackeadas cada vez que se reproduce.
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
604 </para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
605 </formalpara>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
606
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
607 <para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
608 <application>MPlayer</application> puede usar también bibliotecas
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
609 <systemitem>libdvdread</systemitem> del sistema y <systemitem>libdvdcss</systemitem>,
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
610 pero esta solución <emphasis role="bold">no</emphasis> se recomienda, porque puede
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
611 resultar en fallos, incompatibilidades de bibliotecas y velocidad más lenta.
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
612 </para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
613
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
614 <note><para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
615 En caso de problemas de decodificación de DVD, pruebe a deshabilitar supermount, o
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
616 cualquier otra utilidad de este tipo.
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
617 </para></note>
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diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
618
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
619 <formalpara>
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diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
620 <title>Estructura de DVD</title>
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diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
621 <para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
622 Los discos de DVD tienen 2048 bytes por sector con ECC/CRC. Normalmente tienen
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diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
623 un sistema de archivos UDF en una pista simple, conteniendo varios archivos
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
624 (archivos pequeños .IFO y .BUK y archivos grandes (1GB) .VOB). Son archivos
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diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
625 reales y pueden ser copiados/reproducidos desde un sistema de archivos montado
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
626 de un DVD sin encriptar.
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
627 </para>
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diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
628 </formalpara>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
629
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diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
630 <para>
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diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
631 Los archivos .IFO contienen la información de navegación por la película
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
632 (capítulos/títulos/mapas de ángulos, tablas de idiomas, etc) y son necesarios
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
633 para leer e interpretar el contenido del .VOB (la película). Los archivos
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
634 .BUK son copias de seguridad de estos. Usan <emphasis role="bold">sectores</emphasis>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
635 por todos sitios, por lo que necesita usar direccionamiento crudo de sectores
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
636 del disco para implementar navegación DVD o desencriptar el contenido.
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
637 </para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
638
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
639 <para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
640 El soporte DVD necesita acceso basado en sectores al dispositivo. Desafortunadamente
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
641 debe (bajo Linux) ser root para obtener la dirección de un sector dentro de un
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
642 archivo. Este es el motivo por el que no se usa el controlador interno del sistema
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
643 de archivos del kernel, en su lugar se ha reimplementado en el espacio de usuario.
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
644 <systemitem>libdvdread</systemitem> 0.9.x y <systemitem>libmpdvdkit</systemitem>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
645 hacen esto. El controlador de sistema de archivos UDF del kernel no es necesario
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
646 ya que tenemos nuestro propio controlador de sistema de archivos UDF. Además
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
647 el DVD no necesita estar montado ya que solo se usa acceso a nivel de sectores.
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
648 </para>
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diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
649
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
650 <para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
651 Algunas veces <filename>/dev/dvd</filename> no puede ser leído por los
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
652 usuarios, por lo que los autores de <systemitem>libdvdread</systemitem>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
653 han implementado una capa de emulación que transfiere el direccionamiento
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
654 por sectores a nombres de archivo + desplazamiento, para emular un acceso
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
655 crudo sobre un sistema de archivos montado o incluso en un disco duro.
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
656 </para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
657
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
658 <para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
659 <systemitem>libdvdread</systemitem> incluso acepta un punto de montaje
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
660 en lugar del nombre del dispositivo para acceso crudo y comprueba
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
661 <filename>/proc/mounts</filename> para obtener el nombre del dispositivo.
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
662 Esto ha sido desarrollado por Solaris, donde los nombres de los
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
663 dispositivos son asignados dinámicamente.
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
664 </para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
665
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
666 <para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
667 El dispositivo por defecto de DVD es <filename>/dev/dvd</filename>. Si su
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
668 configuración no coincide con esto, haga un enlace simbólico, o especifique
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
669 el dispositivo correcto en la línea de órdenes con la opción
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
670 <option>-dvd-device</option>.
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
671 </para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
672
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
673 <formalpara>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
674 <title>Autenticación para DVD</title>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
675 <para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
676 La autenticación y el método de desencriptación del soporte de DVD al
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
677 nuevo-estilo se ha hecho usando una versión modificada de
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
678 <systemitem>libdvdcss</systemitem> (vea más arriba). Este método peude ser
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
679 especificado a través de la variable de entorno <envar>DVDCSS_METHOD</envar>,
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
680 que puede ser establecido a key, disk o title.
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
681 </para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
682 </formalpara>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
683
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
684 <para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
685 Si no se especifica nada se prueban los siguientes métodos (por defecto:
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
686 key, petición de título):
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
687 </para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
688
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
689 <orderedlist>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
690 <listitem><para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
691 <emphasis role="bold">bus key</emphasis>: Esta clave es negociada durante
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
692 la autenticación (una larga mezcla de ioctls y varios intercambios de
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
693 claves, material de encriptación) y es usada para encriptar el título y
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
694 las claves de disco antes de enviarlas sobre el bus sin proteger
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
695 (para prevenir robos de claves). El bus key necesita obtener y
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
696 predesencriptar la clave encriptada de disco.
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
697 </para></listitem>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
698
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
699 <listitem><para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
700 <emphasis role="bold">cached key</emphasis>: <application>MPlayer</application>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
701 mira a ver si el título ya ha sido crackeado con una clave almacenada en el
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
702 directorio <filename class="directory">~/.mplayer/DVDKeys</filename> (rápido ;).
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
703 </para></listitem>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
704
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
705 <listitem><para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
706 <emphasis role="bold">key</emphasis>: Si no hay una clave disponible en caché,
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
707 <application>MPlayer</application> intenta desencriptar la clave del disco con
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
708 un conjunto de claves de reproductor incluidas.
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
709 </para></listitem>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
710
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
711 <listitem><para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
712 <emphasis role="bold">disk</emphasis>: Si el método key falla (p.e. no hay
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
713 claves de reproductor incluídas), <application>MPlayer</application>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
714 crackeará la clave del disco usando un algoritmo de fuerza bruta. Este proceso
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
715 usa la CPU de manera intensiva y requiere 64 MB de memoria (una tabla hash de
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
716 16M 32Bit entradas) para almacenamiento temporal de datos. Este método debe
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
717 funcionar siempre (lento).
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
718 </para></listitem>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
719
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
720 <listitem><para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
721 <emphasis role="bold">title request</emphasis>: Con la clave del disco
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
722 <application>MPlayer</application> pide las claves encriptadas de los
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
723 títulos que están dentro de <emphasis>sectores escondidos</emphasis> usando
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
724 <systemitem>ioctl()</systemitem>. La protección por región de unidades
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
725 RPC-2 se hace en este paso y puede fallas en algunas unidades de disco.
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
726 Si funciona bien, las claves de títulos son desencriptadas con las claves
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
727 de bus y de disco.
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
728 </para></listitem>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
729
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
730 <listitem><para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
731 <emphasis role="bold">title</emphasis>: Este método es usado si la
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
732 búsqueda de título falla y no sale en ningun intercambio de clave
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
733 con la unidad de DVD. Usa un ataque de encriptación para buscar
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
734 la clave del título directamente (encontrando un patrón que se
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
735 repita en el contenido del VOB desencriptado y comprobando que
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
736 el texto plano corresponde a los primeros bytes encriptados como
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
737 una continuación del patrón). El método es también conocido como
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
738 &quot;ataque de texto plano conocido&quot; o &quot;DeCSSPlus&quot;.
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
739 En raras ocasiones esto falla porque no hay suficientes datos
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
740 desencriptados en el disco para realizar un ataque estadístico
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
741 o porque las claves cambian en mitad de un título. Este método es la
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
742 única manera de desencriptar un DVD almacenado en un disco duro o en
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
743 un DVD con la región incorrecta en una unidad RPC2 (lento).
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
744 </para></listitem>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
745 </orderedlist>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
746
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
747 <para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
748 Las unidades de DVD RPC-1 solo protegen la configuración de región a través
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
749 de software. Las unidades RPC-2 tienen una protección por hardware que
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
750 permite tan solo 5 cambios. Puede ser necesario/recomendable actualizar el
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
751 firmware a RPC-1 si tiene una unidad RPC-2. Las actualizaciones de
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
752 firmware puede encontrarse en esta
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
753 <ulink url="http://www.firmware-flash.com">página del firmware</ulink>.
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
754 Si no hay una actualización del firmware disponible para su dispositivo, use la
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
755 <ulink url="http://www.linuxtv.org/download/dvd/dvd_disc_20000215.tar.gz">herramienta regionset</ulink>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
756 para establecer el código de región de su unidad de DVD (bajo Linux).
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
757 <emphasis role="bold">Advertencia</emphasis>: Solo puede establecer la región 5 veces.
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
758 </para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
759 </sect1>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
760
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
761 <sect1 id="vcd">
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
762 <title>Reproducción de VCD</title>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
763 <para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
764 Para una lista completa de las opciones disponibles, lea por favor la página de manual. La
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
765 sintaxis para un Video CD (VCD) estándar es la siguiente:
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
766 <screen>mplayer vcd://<replaceable>&lt;track&gt;</replaceable> [-cdrom-device <replaceable>&lt;device&gt;</replaceable>]</screen>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
767 Ejemplo:
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
768 <screen>mplayer vcd://<replaceable>2</replaceable> -cdrom-device <replaceable>/dev/hdc</replaceable></screen>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
769 El dispositivo para VCD Por defecto es <filename>/dev/cdrom</filename>.
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
770 Si su configuracio no coincide con esto, haga un enlace simbólico o
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
771 especifique el dispositivo correcto en la línea de órdenes con la
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
772 opción <option>-cdrom-device</option>.
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
773 </para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
774
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
775 <note><para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
776 Al menos las unidades de CD-ROM SCSI Plextor y algunas Toshiba tienen un
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
777 rendimiento horrible leyendo VCDs. Esto es porque el <systemitem>ioctl</systemitem>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
778 CDROMREADRAW no está completamente implementado en estas unidades. Si tiene
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
779 conocimientos sobre la programación SCSI, por favor
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
780 <ulink url="../../tech/patches.txt">ayúdenos</ulink> a implementar soporte SCSI
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
781 genérico para VCDs.
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
782 </para></note>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
783
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
784 <para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
785 En la actualidad puede extraer datos desde VCDs con
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
786 <ulink url="http://140.132.1.204/OS/Linux/packages/X/viewers/readvcd/">readvcd</ulink>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
787 y reproducir el archivo resultante con <application>MPlayer</application>.
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
788 </para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
789
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
790 <formalpara>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
791 <title>Estructura de un VCD</title>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
792 <para>Los discos de VCD consisten en una o más pistas:</para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
793 </formalpara>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
794
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
795 <itemizedlist>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
796 <listitem><para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
797 La primera piesta es una pista pequeña de datos 2048 bytes/sector con
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
798 un sistema de archivos iso9660, normalmente conteniendo programas reproductores
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
799 de VCD para Windows o quizá alguna otra información (imágenes, texto, etc).
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
800 </para></listitem>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
801
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
802 <listitem><para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
803 La segunda y otras pistas son 2324 bytes/sector crudas de MPEG (película),
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
804 conteniendo un paquete de datos MPEG PS por sector en lugar de un sistema
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
805 de archivos. De manera similar a las pistas de CD de audio, estas pistas
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
806 <emphasis role="bold">no pueden ser montadas</emphasis> (¿Alguna vez ha
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
807 montado un CD de audio para reproducirlo?).
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
808 Como las películas están dentro de esta pista, debería probar <option>vcd://2</option>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
809 primero.
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
810 </para></listitem>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
811
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
812 <listitem><para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
813 Existen discos de VCD sin la primera pista (pista simple y sin ningún sistema
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
814 de archivos). Siguen siendo reproducibles, pero no pueden ser montadas.
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
815 </para></listitem>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
816 </itemizedlist>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
817
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
818 <formalpara>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
819 <title>Acerca de los archivos .DAT</title>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
820 <para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
821 Los archivos visibles de ~600 MB en la primera pista de un VCD montado ¡no son
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
822 archivos reales! Son llamadas puertas de acceso ISO, creadas para permitir a
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
823 Windows administrar estas pistas (Windows no permite acceso crudo al dispositivo
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
824 en ninguna de sus aplicaciones). Bajo Linux no puede copiar o reproducir estos
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
825 archivos (solo contienen basura). Bajo Windows es posible que el controlador
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
826 iso9660 emule lectura cruda de las pistas en estos archivos. Para reproducir
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
827 un archivo .DAT necesita el controlador del kernel que se encuentra en la
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
828 versión para Linux de PowerDVD. Contiene un controlador de sistema de archivos iso9660
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
829 modificado (<filename>vcdfs/isofs-2.4.X.o</filename>), que permite emular las
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
830 pistas crudas a través de este archivo de sombra .DAT. Si monta el disco usando
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
831 ese controlador, puede copiar e incluso reproducir los archivos .DAT con
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
832 <application>MPlayer</application>. ¡Pero no funciona con el controlador estandar
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
833 iso9660 del kernel de Linux! Use <option>vcd://</option> en su lugar. Alternativas
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
834 para copiar un VCD son los nuevos controladores del kernel
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
835 <ulink url="http://www.elis.rug.ac.be/~ronsse/cdfs/">cdfs</ulink> (que no forman
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
836 parte del kernel oficialmente) que muestran sesiones de CD como archivos de imagen y
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
837 <ulink url="http://cdrdao.sourceforge.net/">cdrdao</ulink>, un programa para
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
838 grabar/copiar CD bit-por-bit.
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
839 </para>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
840 </formalpara>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
841 </sect1>
d335ceb31507 Merge CD/DVD chapter into the usage chapter for all translations.
diego
parents: 29263
diff changeset
842
20526
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
843 <sect1 id="edl" xreflabel="Listas de Decisión de Edición (EDL)">
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
844 <title>Listas de Decisión de Edición (EDL)</title>
11806
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
845
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
846 <para>
20526
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
847 El sistema de listas de decisión de edición (EDL) le permite automáticamente
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
848 saltar o silenciar secciones de vídeos durante la reproducción, basado en
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
849 un archivo de configuración de EDL especifico de una película.
11806
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
850 </para>
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
851
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
852 <para>
20526
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
853 Esto es útil para aquellos que quieran mirar una película "de manera familiar".
29263
0f1b5b68af32 whitespace cosmetics: Remove all trailing whitespace.
diego
parents: 27260
diff changeset
854 Puede cortar secciones de violencia, profanidad, Jar-Jar Binks... de una
20526
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
855 película de acuerdo a sus preferencias personales. A un lado de esto, tiene
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
856 otros usos, como pasar automáticamente comerciales en archivos de vídeos que
11806
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
857 mire.
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
858 </para>
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
859
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
860 <para>
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
861 El formato de archivo EDL es muy simple. Una vez que el sistema EDL haya
29263
0f1b5b68af32 whitespace cosmetics: Remove all trailing whitespace.
diego
parents: 27260
diff changeset
862 alcanzado cierto nivel de maduración, es muy probable que se implemente
11806
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
863 un formato de archivo basada en XML (manteniendo compatibilidad con los
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
864 formatos previos de EDL).
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
865 </para>
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
866
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
867 <sect2 id="edl_using">
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
868 <title>Usando un archivo EDL</title>
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
869 <para>
20526
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
870 Incluya la opción <option>-edl &lt;archivo&gt;</option> cuando quiera correr
11806
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
871 <application>MPlayer</application>, con el nombre del archivo EDL que quiere
20526
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
872 que se le aplique al vídeo.
11806
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
873 </para>
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
874 </sect2>
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
875
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
876 <sect2 id="edl_making">
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
877 <title>Haciendo un archivo EDL</title>
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
878 <para>
29263
0f1b5b68af32 whitespace cosmetics: Remove all trailing whitespace.
diego
parents: 27260
diff changeset
879 El actual formato de un archivo EDL es:
11806
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
880 <programlisting>
20526
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
881 [segundo de inicio] [segundo final] [acción]
11806
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
882 </programlisting>
29263
0f1b5b68af32 whitespace cosmetics: Remove all trailing whitespace.
diego
parents: 27260
diff changeset
883 Donde los segundos son números de punto flotante y la acción es o bien
11806
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
884 <literal>0</literal> para saltar esa parte o <literal>1</literal> para silenciarla. Por ejemplo:
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
885 <programlisting>
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
886 5.3 7.1 0
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
887 15 16.7 1
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
888 420 422 0
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
889 </programlisting>
20526
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
890 Esto hará que se salten del segundo 5.3 al segundo 7.1 del vídeo, entonces
11806
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
891 silenciar en el segundo 15, volver el sonido a los 16.7 segundos y saltar
20526
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
892 desde el segundo 420 al segundo 422 del vídeo. Estas acciones serán realizadas
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
893 cuando el reloj de reproducción alcance los tiempos dados en el archivo.
11806
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
894 </para>
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
895
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
896 <para>
20526
d61a365dbe87 convert DOCS/xml/es and help/help_mp-es.h* to UTF-8
kraymer
parents: 14707
diff changeset
897 Para crear un archivo EDL para poder trabajar, use la <option>-edlout &lt;archivo&gt;</option>. Durante la reproducción, cuando quiera marcar los dos segundos previos para ser saltados, pulse <keycap>i</keycap>. Se guardara una entrada en el archivo para ese momento. Luego puede volver atrás y ajustar a mano el archivo EDL generado.
11806
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
898 </para>
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
899 </sect2>
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
900
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
901 </sect1>
nauj27
parents: 11744
diff changeset
902
31897
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
903 <sect1 id="tv-input" xreflabel="Entrada de TV">
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
904 <title>Entrada de TV</title>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
905
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
906 <para>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
907 Esta sección es acerca de como poder <emphasis role="bold">mirar/capturar
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
908 desde un dispositivo sintonizador de TV compatible con V4L</emphasis>. Vea
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
909 la página del manual para una descripción de las opciones de TV y los controles
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
910 del teclado.
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
911 </para>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
912
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
913
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
914 <sect2 id="tv-compilation">
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
915 <title>Compilación</title>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
916
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
917 <procedure>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
918 <step><para>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
919 Primero, deberá recompilar. <filename>./configure</filename> detectará
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
920 los archivos de encabezados de las cosas de v4l y la existencia de
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
921 las entradas <filename>/dev/video*</filename>. Si existen, el soporte
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
922 de TV se compilará (vea la salida de <filename>./configure</filename>).
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
923 </para></step>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
924 <step><para>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
925 Asegúrese de que su sintonizador funcione bien con otro software de TV
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
926 en Linux, como por ejemplo con <application>XawTV</application>.
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
927 </para></step>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
928 </procedure>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
929 </sect2>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
930
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
931 <sect2 id="tv-tips">
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
932 <title>Consejos de Uso</title>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
933 <para>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
934 El listado completo de opciones esta disponible en la página del manual.
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
935 Aquí hay solamente un par de consejos:
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
936 </para>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
937 <itemizedlist>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
938 <listitem>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
939 <para>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
940 Use la opción <option>channels</option>(canales). Ejemplo:
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
941 <screen>-tv channels=26-MTV,23-TV2</screen>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
942 Explicación: usando esta opción, solo se podrá ver el canal 26 y el 23 y
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
943 habrá un bonito texto en pantalla (OSD) por cada cambio de canal, mostrando
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
944 el nombre del canal. Los espacios en el nombre del canal deben ser reemplazados
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
945 por el carácter &quot;_&quot;.
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
946 </para>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
947 </listitem>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
948
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
949 <listitem>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
950 <para>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
951 Elija varias dimensiones de imagen razonables. Las dimensiones de la imagen
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
952 resultante deberían ser divisibles por 16.
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
953 </para>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
954 </listitem>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
955
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
956 <listitem>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
957 <para>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
958 Si captura el vídeo con una resolución vertical más grande que la mitad de
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
959 la resolución total (por ejemplo: 288 para PAL o 240 para NTSC), asegúrese que
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
960 activó el desentrelazado. De otro modo obtendrá una película la cual esta
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
961 distorsionada durante las escenas con movimientos rápidos y el controlador de tasa
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
962 de bits probablemente no podrá ser capaz de retener la cantidad de información necesaria
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
963 ya que el entrelazado produce una gran cantidad de detalles y por lo tanto consume
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
964 una gran cantidad de ancho de banda. Puede activar el desentrelazado con
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
965 la opción <option>-vf pp=DEINT_TYPE</option>. Normalmente
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
966 <option>pp=lb</option> funciona bien, pero es un problema de preferencias
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
967 personales. Vea otros algoritmos de desentrelazado en el manual y pruebelos.
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
968 </para>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
969 </listitem>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
970
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
971 <listitem>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
972 <para>
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parents: 31890
diff changeset
973 Corte el área no usada. Cuando captura vídeo, las áreas en los bordes normalmente
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
974 son negras y contienen algo de ruido. Esto también consume un montón de ancho
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
975 de banda innecesario. Más precisamente no son las áreas en negro por si mismas
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
976 pero si las bruscas transcisiones entre el negro y la imagen de vídeo brillante
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
977 pero por ahora eso no es importante por ahora. Antes de empezar a capturar,
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
978 ajuste los argumentos de la opción <option>crop</option> de tal manera que todo
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
979 lo negro quede afuera. Nuevamente, no se olvide de mantener las dimensiones
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
980 de manera razonables.
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diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
981 </para>
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diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
982 </listitem>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
983
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
984 <listitem>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
985 <para>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
986 Observe la carga de CPU. La mayoría del tiempo no debería cruzar el límite
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
987 del 90%. Si tiene un gran buffer de captura, <application>MEncoder</application>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
988 puede sobrevivir una sobrecarga por unos pocos segundos y nada más. Es mejor apagar
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
989 los salvadores de pantalla 3D OpenGL y ese tipo de cosas.
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
990 </para>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
991 </listitem>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
992
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
993 <listitem>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
994 <para>
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diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
995 No se meta con el reloj del sistema. <application>MEncoder</application> usa
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
996 el reloj del sistema para mantener sincronía entre Audio y Vídeo. Si ajusta
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
997 el reloj del sistema (particularmente volviendo hacia atrás en el tiempo),
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
998 <application>MEncoder</application> se confunde y pierde cuadros. Esto es un
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
999 problema importante si está conectado a una red y corre algún tipo de software
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1000 de sincronización como NTP. Debería desactivar NTP durante el proceso de captura
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1001 si quiere capturar en forma confiable.
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1002 </para>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1003 </listitem>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1004
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1005 <listitem>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1006 <para>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1007 No cambie la opción <option>outfmt</option> a menos que sepa lo que está haciendo
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1008 o su tarjeta/controlador realmente no soporte la opción por omisión (espacio de color
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1009 YV12). En las versiones viejas de <application>MPlayer</application>/<application>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1010 MEncoder</application> era necesario especificar el formato de salida. Este
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1011 problema se debería estar resuelto en las versiones actuales y la opción <option>outfmt</option>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1012 no se requiere más, ya que la opción por omisión sirve para la mayoría de los propósitos. Por
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1013 ejemplo si está capturando en DivX usando
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1014 <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem> y especifica <option>outfmt=RGB24</option>
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diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1015 para incrementar la calidad de las imágenes capturadas, las imágenes capturadas serán
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1016 realmente convertidas nuevamente a YV12 por lo que lo único que logra es un desperdicio
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1017 masivo de ciclos de CPU.
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1018 </para>
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diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1019 </listitem>
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diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1020
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1021 <listitem>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1022 <para>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1023 Para especificar el espacio de colores I420 (<option>outfmt=i420</option>), deberá
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1024 agregar una opción <option>-vc rawi420</option> debido a un conflicto de fourcc con
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1025 un codec de vídeo de Intel Indeo.
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diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1026 </para>
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diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1027 </listitem>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1028
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1029 <listitem>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1030 <para>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1031 Hay muchas maneras de capturar audio. Puede capturar el sonido ya sea usando
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1032 su tarjeta de sonido por medio de un cable de conexión externo entre la placa
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diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1033 sintonizadora y la linea de entrada, o usando el chip ADC incorporado en el chip
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1034 bt878. En este ultimo caso, deberá cargar el controlador <emphasis role="bold">btaudio
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1035 </emphasis>. Lea el archivo <filename>linux/Documentation/sound/btaudio</filename>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1036 (en el árbol de directorio del núcleo, no el de
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1037 <application>MPlayer</application>) para instrucciones de como
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1038 usar este controlador.
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diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1039 </para>
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diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1040 </listitem>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1041
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1042 <listitem>
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diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1043 <para>
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diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1044 Si <application>MEncoder</application> no puede abrir el dispositivo de audio,
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1045 asegúrese que este realmente disponible. Puede haber algunos problemas con
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1046 algunos servidores de sonido como arts (KDE) o esd (GNOME). Si tiene una placa
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1047 de sonido full dúplex (casi todas las placas decentes lo soportan hoy en día), y
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1048 está usando KDE, trate activando la opción "full dúplex" en el menú de preferencias del
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1049 servidor de sonido.
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diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1050 </para>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1051 </listitem>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1052 </itemizedlist>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1053 </sect2>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1054
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1055
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1056 <sect2 id="tv-examples">
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diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1057 <title>Ejemplos</title>
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diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1058
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1059 <informalexample>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1060 <para>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1061 Salida ficticia, a AAlib :)
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1062 <screen>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1063 mplayer -tv driver=dummy:width=640:height=480 -vo aa tv://<!--
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1064 --></screen>
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diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1065 </para>
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diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1066 </informalexample>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1067
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1068 <informalexample>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1069 <para>
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diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1070 Entrada desde un dispositivo estándar V4L:
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diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1071 <screen>
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diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1072 mplayer -tv driver=v4l:width=640:height=480:outfmt=i420 -vc rawi420 -vo xv tv://<!--
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1073 --></screen>
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diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1074 </para>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1075 </informalexample>
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diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1076
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1077 <informalexample>
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diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1078 <para>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1079 Un ejemplo más sofisticado. Esto hace que <application>MEncoder</application>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1080 capture la imagen completa PAL, corte los margenes y desentrelazando la
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1081 imagen usando un algoritmo linear blend. El audio es comprimido con una
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1082 tasa de bits constante de 64kbps, usando el codec LAME. Esta configuración
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1083 es satisfactoria para capturar películas.
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1084 <screen>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1085 mencoder -tv driver=v4l:width=768:height=576 \
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1086 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vbitrate=900 \
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1087 -oac mp3lame -lameopts cbr:br=64 \
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1088 -vf crop=720:544:24:16,pp=lb -o <replaceable>salida.avi</replaceable> tv://
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1089 </screen>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1090 </para>
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diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1091 </informalexample>
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diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1092
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1093 <informalexample>
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diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1094 <para>
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diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1095 Esto adicionalmente escalará la imagen a 384x288 y comprimirá el vídeo
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diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1096 a una tasa de bits de 350kbps en modo alta calidad. La opción <option>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1097 vqmax</option> suelta al cuantizador y le permite al compresor de vídeo
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1098 alcanzar tasas de bits muy bajas a expensas de la calidad. Esto puede ser
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1099 usado para capturar series de TV largas, donde la calidad del vídeo no
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1100 es tan importante.
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diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1101 <screen>
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diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1102 mencoder -tv driver=v4l:width=768:height=576 \
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1103 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vbitrate=350:vhq:vqmax=31:keyint=300 \
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1104 -oac mp3lame -lameopts cbr:br=48 \
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1105 -vf crop=720:540:24:18,pp=tn/lb,scale=384:288 -sws 1 \
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1106 -o <replaceable>salida.avi</replaceable> tv://
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diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1107 </screen>
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1108 Es posible especificar una dimensión de imagen más chica en la opción <option>-tv</option>
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diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1109 y omitir el escalado de software pero este enfoque usa la máxima cantidad de información
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1110 disponible y es un poco más resistente al ruido. Los chips bt8x8 pueden hacer
219aa324be06 Merge TV input and TV teletext chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1111 el promediado de pixels solo en dirección horizontal debido a limitaciones de hardware.
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diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1112 </para>
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diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1113 </informalexample>
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diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1114 </sect2>
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diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1115 </sect1>
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diego
parents: 31890
diff changeset
1116
31899
ca216bfc52cf Merge radio chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31897
diff changeset
1117 <sect1 id="radio">
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parents: 31897
diff changeset
1118 <title>Radio</title>
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parents: 31897
diff changeset
1119
ca216bfc52cf Merge radio chapter into the usage chapter.
diego
parents: 31897
diff changeset
1120 <para>
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parents: 31897
diff changeset
1121 This section is about how to enable listening to radio from
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parents: 31897
diff changeset
1122 a V4L-compatible radio tuner. See the man page for a
ca216bfc52cf Merge radio chapter into the usage chapter.
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parents: 31897
diff changeset
1123 description of radio options and keyboard controls.
ca216bfc52cf Merge radio chapter into the usage chapter.
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parents: 31897
diff changeset
1124 </para>
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parents: 31897
diff changeset
1125
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parents: 31897
diff changeset
1126 <sect2 id="radio-tips">
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parents: 31897
diff changeset
1127 <title>Usage tips</title>
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diff changeset
1128
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diff changeset
1129 <para>
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diego
parents: 31897
diff changeset
1130 The full listing of the options is available in the manual page.
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diego
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1131 Here are just a few tips:
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1132
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1133 <itemizedlist>
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1134 <listitem><para>
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1135 Make sure your tuner works with another radio software in Linux, for
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1136 example <application>XawTV</application>.
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1137 </para></listitem>
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1138 <listitem><para>
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1139 Use the <option>channels</option> option. An example:
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1140 <screen>-radio channels=104.4-Sibir,103.9-Maximum</screen>
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1141 Explanation: With this option, only the 104.4 and 103.9 radio stations
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1142 will be usable. There will be a nice OSD text upon channel switching,
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1143 displaying the channel's name. Spaces in the channel name must be
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1144 replaced by the "_" character.
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1145 </para></listitem>
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1146 <listitem><para>
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1147 There are several ways of capturing audio. You can grab the sound either using
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1148 your sound card via an external cable connection between video card and
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1149 line-in, or using the built-in ADC in the saa7134 chip. In the latter case,
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1150 you have to load the <systemitem>saa7134-alsa</systemitem> or
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1151 <systemitem>saa7134-oss</systemitem> driver.
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1152 </para></listitem>
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1153 <listitem><para>
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1154 <application>MEncoder</application> cannot be used for audio capture,
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1155 because it requires a video stream to work. So your can either use
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1156 <application>arecord</application> from ALSA project or
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1157 use <option>-ao pcm:file=file.wav</option>. In the latter case you
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1158 will not hear any sound (unless you are using a line-in cable and
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1159 have switched line-in mute off).
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1160 </para></listitem>
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1161 </itemizedlist>
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1162 </para>
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1163 </sect2>
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1164
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1165 <sect2 id="radio-examples">
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1166 <title>Examples</title>
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1167
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1168 <informalexample><para>
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1169 Input from standard V4L (using line-in cable, capture switched off):
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1170 <screen>mplayer radio://104.4</screen>
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1171 </para></informalexample>
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1172
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1173 <informalexample><para>
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1174 Input from standard V4L (using line-in cable, capture switched off,
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1175 V4Lv1 interface):
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1176 <screen>mplayer -radio driver=v4l radio://104.4</screen>
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1177 </para></informalexample>
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1178
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1179 <informalexample><para>
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1180 Playing second channel from channel list:
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1181 <screen>mplayer -radio channels=104.4=Sibir,103.9=Maximm radio://2</screen>
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1182 </para></informalexample>
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1183
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1184 <informalexample>
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1185 <para>
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1186 Passing sound over the PCI bus from the radio card's internal ADC.
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1187 In this example the tuner is used as a second sound card
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1188 (ALSA device hw:1,0). For saa7134-based cards either the
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1189 <systemitem>saa7134-alsa</systemitem> or <systemitem>saa7134-oss</systemitem>
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1190 module must be loaded.
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1191 <screen>
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1192 mplayer -rawaudio rate=32000 radio://2/capture \
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1193 -radio adevice=hw=1.0:arate=32000:channels=104.4=Sibir,103.9=Maximm
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1194 </screen>
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1195 <note><para>
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1196 When using ALSA device names colons must be replaced
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1197 by equal signs, commas by periods.
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1198 </para></note>
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1199 </para>
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1200 </informalexample>
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1201 </sect2>
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1202
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1203 </sect1>
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1204 </chapter>