Mercurial > mplayer.hg
annotate DOCS/xml/de/video.xml @ 32467:fbe5c829c69b
Move libvo/sub.[ch] from libvo to sub.
author | cigaes |
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date | Wed, 27 Oct 2010 17:47:13 +0000 |
parents | 0ad2da052b2e |
children | dd5ba6bfe79d |
rev | line source |
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20515 | 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> |
24624 | 2 <!-- in sync with r23594 --> |
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3 <!-- missing cosmetic commit 21537 --> |
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4 <chapter id="video"> |
20515 | 5 <title>Videoausgabegeräte</title> |
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6 |
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7 <sect1 id="mtrr"> |
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8 <title>MTRR einrichten</title> |
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9 |
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10 <para> |
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11 Du solltest UNBEDINGT sicherstellen, dass die MTRR-Register richtig belegt |
20515 | 12 sind, denn sie können einen großen Geschwindigkeitsschub |
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13 bringen. |
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14 </para> |
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15 |
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16 <para> |
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17 Gib den Befehl <command>cat /proc/mtrr</command> ein: |
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18 <screen> |
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19 <prompt>--($:~)--</prompt> cat /proc/mtrr |
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20 reg00: base=0xe4000000 (3648MB), size= 16MB: write-combining, count=9 |
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21 reg01: base=0xd8000000 (3456MB), size= 128MB: write-combining, count=1<!-- |
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22 --></screen> |
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23 </para> |
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24 |
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25 <para> |
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26 Diese Anzeige ist richtig. Sie zeigt meine Matrox G400 mit 16MB Speicher. |
18649 | 27 Ich habe die Einstellung von XFree 4.x.x, der die MTRR-Register automatisch |
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28 einstellt. |
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29 </para> |
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30 |
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31 <para> |
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32 Wenn nichts funktioniert, musst du sie manuell setzen. Als erstes musst du |
20515 | 33 die Basisadresse finden. Dazu gibt es drei Möglichkeiten: |
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34 |
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35 <orderedlist> |
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36 <listitem><para> |
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37 durch die X11 Start-Meldungen, zum Beispiel: |
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38 <screen> |
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39 (--) SVGA: PCI: Matrox MGA G400 AGP rev 4, Memory @ 0xd8000000, 0xd4000000 |
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40 (--) SVGA: Linear framebuffer at 0xD8000000<!-- |
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41 --></screen> |
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42 </para></listitem> |
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43 <listitem><para> |
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44 von <filename>/proc/pci</filename> (verwende den Befehl |
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45 <command>lspci -v</command>): |
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46 <screen> |
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47 01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: Matrox Graphics, Inc.: Unknown device 0525 |
18649 | 48 Memory at d8000000 (32-bit, prefetchable)<!-- |
49 --></screen> | |
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50 </para></listitem> |
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51 <listitem><para> |
19816 | 52 von den mga_vid Kerneltreiber-Meldungen (verwende <command>dmesg</command>): |
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53 <screen>mga_mem_base = d8000000</screen> |
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54 </para></listitem> |
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55 </orderedlist> |
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56 </para> |
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57 |
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58 <para> |
20515 | 59 So, nun gilt es, die Speichergröße zu finden. Dies ist sehr |
60 einfach, konvertiere einfach die Video-RAM-Größe nach hexadezimal, | |
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61 oder verwende diese Tabelle: |
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62 <informaltable frame="none"> |
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63 <tgroup cols="2"> |
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64 <tbody> |
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65 <row><entry>1 MB</entry><entry>0x100000</entry></row> |
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66 <row><entry>2 MB</entry><entry>0x200000</entry></row> |
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67 <row><entry>4 MB</entry><entry>0x400000</entry></row> |
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68 <row><entry>8 MB</entry><entry>0x800000</entry></row> |
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69 <row><entry>16 MB</entry><entry>0x1000000</entry></row> |
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70 <row><entry>32 MB</entry><entry>0x2000000</entry></row> |
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71 </tbody> |
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72 </tgroup> |
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73 </informaltable> |
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74 </para> |
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75 |
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76 <para> |
20515 | 77 Du kennst die Basisadresse und die Speichergröße? Lass uns |
78 die MTRR Register einstellen! Für die Matrox-Karte von oben | |
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79 (<literal>base=0xd8000000</literal>) mit 32MB RAM (<literal>size=0x2000000</literal>) |
20515 | 80 führst du einfach folgendes aus: |
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81 <screen> |
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82 echo "base=0xd8000000 size=0x2000000 type=write-combining" > /proc/mtrr |
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83 </screen> |
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84 </para> |
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85 |
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86 <para> |
20515 | 87 Nicht alle CPUs unterstützen MTRRs. Zum Beispiel ältere K6-2s |
88 [bei ca. 266MHz, stepping 0] unterstützen kein MTRR, aber Stepping-12-CPUs | |
18649 | 89 tun es (<command>cat /proc/cpuinfo</command> gibt Aufschluss). |
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90 </para> |
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91 </sect1> |
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92 |
24622 | 93 <sect1 id="xv"> |
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94 <title>Xv</title> |
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95 |
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96 <para> |
18649 | 97 Mit XFree86 4.0.2 oder neueren Versionen kannst du die Hardware-YUV-Routinen |
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98 deiner Grafikkarte mit Hilfe der XVideo-Erweiterungen benutzen. Das ist die |
20515 | 99 Technik, die <option>-vo xv</option> benutzt. Dieser Treiber unterstützt |
20923 | 100 darüber hinaus die Anpassung von Helligkeit/Kontrast/Sättigung etc. |
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101 (es sei denn, du benutzt den alten und langsamen DirectShow DivX-Codec, |
20515 | 102 welcher diese Anpassungen unabhängig vom Videoausgabetreiber unterstützt). |
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103 Schau in der Manpage nach. |
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104 </para> |
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105 |
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106 <para> |
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107 Um Xv zum Laufen zu bringen, musst du auf die folgenden Punkte achten: |
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108 |
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109 <orderedlist> |
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110 <listitem><para> |
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111 Du musst XFree86 4.0.2 oder eine neuere Version verwenden, da die |
20515 | 112 älteren Versionen XVideo noch nicht kannten. |
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113 </para></listitem> |
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114 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 115 Deine Grafikkarte muss Hardware-Unterstützung für YUV bieten, was alle |
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116 modernen Karten tun. |
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117 </para></listitem> |
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118 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 119 X muss die XVideo-Erweiterung auch tatsächlich laden, was zu |
120 Meldungen ähnlich der folgenden führt: | |
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121 |
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122 <programlisting>(II) Loading extension XVideo</programlisting> |
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123 |
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124 in <filename>/var/log/XFree86.0.log</filename> |
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125 |
30990 | 126 <note><para> |
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127 Diese Meldung besagt nur, dass die XFree86-Erweiterung |
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128 geladen wird. Bei einer guten Installation sollte das immer der Fall |
20515 | 129 sein. Das heißt allerdings noch nicht, dass die |
130 <emphasis role="bold">XVideo-Unterstützung der Grafikkarte</emphasis> | |
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131 auch geladen wurde! |
30990 | 132 </para></note> |
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133 </para></listitem> |
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134 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 135 Deine Karte muss unter Linux Xv-Unterstützung haben. Du kannst dich |
18649 | 136 dessen mit <command>xvinfo</command> vergewissern, das Teil der |
20515 | 137 XFree86-Distribution ist. Es sollte einen längeren Text ausgeben, |
138 der ungefähr so aussieht: | |
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139 |
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140 <screen> |
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141 X-Video Extension version 2.2 |
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142 screen #0 |
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143 Adaptor #0: "Savage Streams Engine" |
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144 number of ports: 1 |
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145 port base: 43 |
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146 operations supported: PutImage |
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147 supported visuals: |
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148 depth 16, visualID 0x22 |
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149 depth 16, visualID 0x23 |
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150 number of attributes: 5 |
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151 (...) |
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152 Number of image formats: 7 |
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153 id: 0x32595559 (YUY2) |
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154 guid: 59555932-0000-0010-8000-00aa00389b71 |
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155 bits per pixel: 16 |
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156 number of planes: 1 |
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157 type: YUV (packed) |
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158 id: 0x32315659 (YV12) |
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159 guid: 59563132-0000-0010-8000-00aa00389b71 |
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160 bits per pixel: 12 |
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161 number of planes: 3 |
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162 type: YUV (planar) |
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163 (...etc...)<!-- |
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164 --></screen> |
20515 | 165 Damit <application>MPlayer</application> Xv benutzen kann, müssen die |
166 Pixelformate YUY2 packed und YV12 planar unterstützt werden. | |
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167 </para></listitem> |
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168 <listitem><para> |
19816 | 169 Stelle als letztes sicher, dass <application>MPlayer</application> mit |
20515 | 170 Unterstützung für Xv compiliert wurde. <command>configure</command> gibt eine |
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171 entsprechende Meldung aus. |
20515 | 172 Führe den Befehl <command>mplayer -vo help | grep xv </command> aus. |
173 Wurde Unterstützung für Xv eingebaut, sollte eine ähnliche Meldung | |
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174 wie diese erscheinen: |
18649 | 175 <screen>xv X11/Xv</screen> |
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176 </para></listitem> |
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177 </orderedlist> |
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178 </para> |
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179 |
24622 | 180 <sect2 id="tdfx"> |
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181 <title>3dfx-Karten</title> |
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182 |
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183 <para> |
20515 | 184 Ältere 3dfx-Treiber hatten bekanntermaßen Probleme mit der |
20861 | 185 XVideo-Beschleuningung, die weder YUY2 noch YV12 unterstützte. |
19816 | 186 Stelle sicher, dass du XFree86 Version 4.2.0 oder neuer verwendest, da diese |
20861 | 187 Versionen mit YV12 und YUY2 keine Probleme haben, während frühere Versionen, auch |
188 4.1.0, <emphasis role="bold">bei YV12 abgestürzen</emphasis>. | |
20515 | 189 Wenn du merkwürdige Effekte bei der Verwendung von <option>-vo xv</option> |
19816 | 190 bemerkst, dann probier aus, ob mit SDL, das ebenfalls XVideo nutzen kann, |
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191 diese Effekte verschwinden. In der <link linkend="sdl">SDL</link> stehen |
20515 | 192 Details darüber. |
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193 </para> |
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194 |
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195 <para> |
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196 <emphasis role="bold">Alternativ</emphasis> kannst du auch den NEUEN |
19816 | 197 tdfxfb-Treiber mit <option>-vo tdfxfb</option> verwenden! |
198 Lies dazu die <link linkend="tdfxfb">tdfxfb</link>-Sektion. | |
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199 </para> |
24622 | 200 </sect2> |
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201 |
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202 |
24622 | 203 <sect2 id="s3"> |
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204 <title>S3-Karten</title> |
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205 |
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206 <para> |
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207 S3 Savage3D-Karten sollten problemlos funktionieren, aber bei Savage4- |
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208 Chips solltest du XFree86 4.0.3 oder neuer verwenden. Probier bei Problemen |
20515 | 209 den 16bpp-Farbmodus aus. Und der S3 Virge... Es gibt für ihn zwar Xv- |
210 Unterstützung, aber die Karte selbst ist so langsam, dass du sie besser | |
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211 verkaufst. |
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212 </para> |
18603 | 213 <para> |
20515 | 214 Es gibt inzwischen einen nativen Framebuffer-Treiber für S3 Virge-Karten, ähnlich |
215 tdfxfb. Mache die Einstellungen (hänge z.B. | |
20861 | 216 "<option>vga=792 video=vesa:mtrr</option>" an die Kernelkommandozeile an) und benutze |
18603 | 217 <option>-vo s3fb</option> (<option>-vf yuy2</option> und <option>-dr</option> |
218 helfen auch). | |
219 </para> | |
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220 |
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221 <note> |
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222 <para> |
20515 | 223 Momentan ist nicht ganz klar, welche Savage-Modelle keine Unterstützung |
224 für YV12 in Hardware haben, sodass bei ihnen der Treiber diese Konvertierung | |
19816 | 225 sehr langsam vornimmt. Hast du deine Karte in Verdacht, dann |
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226 besorg dir einen neueren Treiber, oder frag auf der MPlayer-Users-Mailingliste |
20515 | 227 freundlich nach einem Treiber, der MMX/3DNow unterstützt. |
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228 </para> |
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229 </note> |
24622 | 230 </sect2> |
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231 |
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232 |
24622 | 233 <sect2 id="nvidia"> |
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234 <title>nVidia-Karten</title> |
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235 |
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236 <para> |
20515 | 237 nVidia ist für Linux keine optimale Wahll. |
238 XFree86's Open-Source-Treiber unterstützt die meisten dieser Karten, jedoch | |
239 musst du in einigen Fällen die binären Closed-Source-Treiber von nVidia | |
240 verwenden, verfügbar auf der | |
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241 <ulink url="http://www.nvidia.com/object/linux.html">nVidia-Webseite</ulink>. |
20515 | 242 Du brauchst diese Treiber immer, wenn du zusätzlich 3D-Beschleunigung |
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243 haben willst. |
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244 </para> |
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245 |
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246 <para> |
20515 | 247 Riva128-Karten bieten nicht einmal mit den binären nVidia-Treibern |
248 XVideo-Unterstützung (beklag dich bei nVidia). | |
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249 </para> |
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250 |
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251 <para> |
20515 | 252 Wie auch immer, <application>MPlayer</application> enthält einen |
253 <link linkend="vidix">VIDIX</link> -Treiber für die meisten nVidia-Karten. | |
18649 | 254 Er ist aktuell in der Beta-Phase und besitzt einige Nachteile. Mehr |
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255 Informationen findest du in der |
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256 <link linkend="vidix-nvidia">nVidia-VIDIX</link>-Sektion. |
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257 </para> |
24622 | 258 </sect2> |
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259 |
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260 |
24622 | 261 <sect2 id="ati"> |
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262 <title>ATI-Karten</title> |
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263 |
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264 <para> |
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265 Die <ulink url="http://gatos.sf.net">GATOS-Treiber</ulink>, die du |
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266 einsetzen solltest, sofern du keine Rage128- oder Radeon-Karte hast, |
18649 | 267 haben per Voreinstellung VSYNC angeschaltet. Dies bedeutet, dass |
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268 die Decodiergeschwindigkeit (!) zur Bildwiederholrate des Monitors |
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269 synchronisiert wird. Wenn dir die Wiedergabe langsam vorkommt, dann |
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270 versuche, irgendwie VSYNC abzuschalten, oder setze die Bildwiederholrate |
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271 des Monitors auf n * (fps des Films) Hz. |
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272 </para> |
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273 |
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274 <para> |
20515 | 275 Radeon VE - wenn du X benötigst, verwende XFree86 4.2.0 oder höher für |
276 diese Karte. Außerdem gibt es keine Unterstützung für den TV-Ausgang. | |
277 Natürlich bekommst du mit <application>MPlayer</application> | |
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278 <emphasis role="bold">Hardware-beschleunigte</emphasis> Wiedergabe, das |
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279 ganze wahlweise <emphasis role="bold">mit oder ohne TV-Ausgang</emphasis>, |
20515 | 280 und es werden dabei nicht einmal weitere Bibliotheken oder X selber benötigt. |
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281 Lies dazu die <link linkend="vidix">VIDIX-Sektion</link>. |
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282 </para> |
24622 | 283 </sect2> |
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284 |
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285 |
24622 | 286 <sect2 id="neomagic"> |
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287 <title>NeoMagic-Karten</title> |
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288 |
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289 <para> |
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290 Diese Chips befinden sich in vielen Laptops. Du musst XFree86 4.3.0 oder |
20515 | 291 höher oder andernfalls die |
292 <ulink url="http://www.mplayerhq.hu/MPlayer/contrib/NeoMagic-driver/">Xv-fähigen | |
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293 Treiber</ulink> von Stefan Seyfried verwenden. |
20515 | 294 Wähle einfach einen, der zu deiner XFree86-Version passt. |
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295 </para> |
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296 |
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297 <para> |
20515 | 298 XFree86 4.3.0 beinhaltet die Unterstützung für Xv, Bohdan Horst schickte jetzt |
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299 einen kleinen |
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300 <ulink url="http://www.mplayerhq.hu/MPlayer/contrib/NeoMagic-driver/neo_driver.patch">Patch</ulink> |
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301 auf die XFree86-Quellen, der Framebuffer-Operationen (daher XVideo) |
18649 | 302 bis auf das Vierfache beschleunigt. Der Patch wurde in das XFree86-CVS |
20515 | 303 eingebunden und sollte im nächsten Release nach 4.3.0 vorhanden sein. |
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304 </para> |
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305 |
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306 <para> |
20515 | 307 Um die Wiedergabe von Video in DVD-Auflösung zu ermöglichen, |
308 ändere deine XF86Config wie folgt: | |
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309 <programlisting> |
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310 Section "Device" |
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311 [...] |
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312 Driver "neomagic" |
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313 <emphasis>Option "OverlayMem" "829440"</emphasis> |
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314 [...] |
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315 EndSection<!-- |
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316 --></programlisting> |
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317 </para> |
24622 | 318 </sect2> |
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319 |
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320 |
24622 | 321 <sect2 id="trident"> |
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322 <title>Trident-Karten</title> |
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323 <para> |
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324 Wenn du Xv mit einer Trident-Grafikkarte benutzen willst, dann installiere |
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325 XFree86 4.2.0, sofern Xv nicht schon mit 4.1.0 funktioniert. Version 4.2.0 |
20515 | 326 enthält Unterstützung für Xv im Vollbild für Cyberblade XP-Karten. |
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327 </para> |
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328 |
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329 <para> |
20515 | 330 Alternativ enthält <application>MPlayer</application> einen |
331 <link linkend="vidix">VIDIX</link>-Treiber für the Cyberblade/i1-Karten. | |
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332 </para> |
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333 |
24622 | 334 </sect2> |
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335 |
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336 |
24622 | 337 <sect2 id="kyro"> |
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338 <title>Kyro/PowerVR-Karten</title> |
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339 <para> |
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340 Wenn du Xv mit einer Kyro-basierten Karte (wie z.B. der Hercules Prophet 4000XT) |
20515 | 341 verwenden möchstest, dann solltest du die Treiber von der |
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342 <ulink url="http://www.powervr.com/">PowerVR-Seite</ulink> herunterladen. |
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343 </para> |
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344 </sect2> |
24622 | 345 </sect1> |
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346 |
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347 <!-- ********** --> |
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348 |
24622 | 349 <sect1 id="dga"> |
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350 <title>DGA</title> |
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351 |
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352 <formalpara> |
20515 | 353 <title>PRÄAMBEL</title> |
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354 <para> |
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355 Dieser Abschnitt versucht, in wenigen Worten zu beschreiben, was DGA |
18649 | 356 generell ist und was der DGA-Videotreiber in <application>MPlayer</application> |
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357 erreichen kann, und was nicht. |
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358 </para> |
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359 </formalpara> |
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360 |
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361 <formalpara> |
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362 <title>WAS IST DGA?</title> |
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363 <para> |
20515 | 364 <acronym>DGA</acronym> ist die Abkürzung für |
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365 <emphasis>Direct Graphics Access</emphasis> (direkter Zugriff auf die |
20515 | 366 Grafikhardware) und gibt Programmen die Möglichkeit, unter Umgehung |
367 des X-Servers direkt den Framebuffer der Grafikkarte zu verändern. | |
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368 Technisch gesehen wird das dadurch realisiert, dass der |
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369 Framebuffer-Speicher in den virtuellen Adressraum des jeweiligen Prozesses |
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370 abgebildet wird. Das wird vom Kernel aber nur dann zugelassen, wenn der |
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371 Prozess Superuserprivilegien besitzt. Dazu musst du dich entweder als |
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372 <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> anmelden oder das SUID-bit |
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373 des <application>MPlayer</application>-Binaries setzen (was |
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374 <emphasis role="bold">nicht empfohlen wird</emphasis>). |
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375 </para> |
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376 </formalpara> |
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377 <para> |
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378 Von DGA gibt es zwei Versionen: DGA1 kommt mit XFree 3.x.x, und DGA2 |
20515 | 379 wurde mit XFree 4.0.1 eingeführt. |
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380 </para> |
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381 |
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382 <para> |
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383 DGA1 bietet nur den oben beschriebenen Zugriff auf den Framebuffer. Die |
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384 Umschaltung des Videomodus klappt nur mit der XVidMode-Erweiterung. |
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385 </para> |
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386 |
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387 <para> |
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388 DGA2 beinhaltet die Features der XVidMode-Erweiterung und erlaubt |
20515 | 389 außerdem, die Farbtiefe zu ändern. Damit kannst du also auf 32bit |
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390 Farbtiefe umschalten, auch wenn der X-Server gerade mit 15bit Farbtiefe |
20515 | 391 läuft und umgekehrt. |
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392 </para> |
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393 |
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394 <para> |
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395 DGA hat aber auch ein paar Nachteile. Die Funktionsweise scheint ein wenig |
18649 | 396 von der Grafikkarte und der Implementierung des Grafikkartentreibers |
20515 | 397 im X-Server abhängig zu sein, der diesen Chip kontrolliert. |
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398 Es fuktioniert also nicht auf jedem System... |
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399 </para> |
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400 |
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401 <formalpara> |
20515 | 402 <title>DGA-UNTERSTÜTZUNG FÜR MPLAYER INSTALLIEREN</title> |
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403 |
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404 <para> |
20515 | 405 Stelle als erstes sicher, dass X die DGA-Erweiterung lädt. Schau |
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406 in <filename>/var/log/XFree86.0.log</filename> nach: |
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407 |
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408 <programlisting>(II) Loading extension XFree86-DGA</programlisting> |
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409 |
18649 | 410 Wie du siehst, ist XFree86 4.0.x oder neuer |
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411 <emphasis role="bold">sehr zu empfehlen</emphasis>! |
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412 <application>MPlayer</application>s DGA-Treiber wird von |
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413 <filename>./configure</filename> automatisch erkannt. Alternativ |
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414 kannst du seine Compilierung mit <option>--enable-dga</option> erzwingen. |
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415 </para> |
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416 </formalpara> |
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417 |
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418 <para> |
20515 | 419 Falls der Treiber nicht zu einer kleineren Auflösung wechseln |
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420 konnte, dann experimentiere mit den Optionen <option>-vm</option> (nur bei |
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421 X 3.3.x), <option>-fs</option>, <option>-bpp</option>, |
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422 <option>-zoom</option> herum, um einen Videomodus zu finden, |
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423 in den der Film reinpasst. Momentan gibt es keinen Konverter :( |
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424 </para> |
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425 |
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426 <para> |
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427 Werde <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>. |
18649 | 428 DGA braucht <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>-Privilegien, |
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429 um direkt in den Grafikspeicher zu schreiben. Wenn du MPlayer als |
20515 | 430 normaler Nutzer starten möchtest, dann installiere |
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431 <application>MPlayer</application> mit dem SUID-Bit: |
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432 |
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433 <screen> |
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434 chown root <replaceable>/usr/local/bin/mplayer</replaceable> |
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435 chmod 750 <replaceable>/usr/local/bin/mplayer</replaceable> |
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436 chmod +s <replaceable>/usr/local/bin/mplayer</replaceable> |
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437 </screen> |
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438 |
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439 Jetzt funktioniert es auch als normaler Benutzer. |
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440 </para> |
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441 |
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442 <caution> |
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443 <title>Warnung: Sicherheitsrisiko!</title> |
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444 <para> |
20515 | 445 Dieses ist ein <emphasis role="bold">großes</emphasis> Sicherheitsloch. |
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446 Tu das <emphasis role="bold">niemals</emphasis> auf einem Server oder |
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447 auf einem Computer, auf den auch andere Leute Zugriff haben, da sie durch einen |
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448 SUID-<systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>-<application>MPlayer</application> |
20515 | 449 <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>-Privilegien erlangen können. |
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450 </para> |
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451 </caution> |
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452 |
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453 <para> |
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454 Benutze jetzt die Option <option>-vo dga</option>, und ab geht's (hoffe ich |
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455 zumindest :))! Du solltest auch ausprobieren, ob bei dir die Option |
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456 <option>-vo sdl:dga</option> funktioniert. Sie ist viel schneller. |
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457 </para> |
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458 |
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459 |
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460 <formalpara id="dga-modelines"> |
20515 | 461 <title>ÄNDERN DER AUFLÖSUNG</title> |
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462 |
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463 <para> |
20515 | 464 Der DGA-Treiber ermöglicht es, die Auflösung des Output-Signals zu ändern. |
465 Damit entfällt die Notwendigkeit der (langsamen) Softwareskalierung und | |
466 bietet gleichzeitig ein Vollbild. Idealerweise würde DGA in die gleiche | |
467 Auflösung schalten, die das Video (natürlich unter Beachtung des | |
468 Höhen-/Breitenverhältnisses) hat, aber der X-Server lässt nur | |
469 Auflösungen zu, die vorher in der <filename>/etc/X11/XF86Config</filename> bzw. | |
470 <filename>/etc/X11/XF86Config-4</filename> definiert wurden, bezüglich XFree 4.X.X. | |
471 Diese werden durch sogenannte Modelines festgelegt und hängen von den Fähigkeiten | |
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472 deiner Grafikhardware ab. Der X-Server liest diese Konfigurationsdatei beim |
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473 Start ein und deaktiviert alle Modelines, die sich nicht mit deiner Hardware |
20515 | 474 vertragen. Du kannst die überlebenden Modelines anhand der X11-Logdatei |
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475 herausfinden (normalerweise <filename>/var/log/XFree86.0.log</filename>). |
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476 </para> |
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477 </formalpara> |
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478 |
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479 <para> |
20515 | 480 Diese Einträge funktionieren mit einem Riva128-Chip und dem |
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481 nv.o-X-Server-Treibermodul. |
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482 </para> |
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483 |
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484 |
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485 <para><programlisting> |
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486 Section "Modes" |
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487 Identifier "Modes[0]" |
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488 Modeline "800x600" 40 800 840 968 1056 600 601 605 628 |
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489 Modeline "712x600" 35.0 712 740 850 900 400 410 412 425 |
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490 Modeline "640x480" 25.175 640 664 760 800 480 491 493 525 |
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491 Modeline "400x300" 20 400 416 480 528 300 301 303 314 Doublescan |
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492 Modeline "352x288" 25.10 352 368 416 432 288 296 290 310 |
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493 Modeline "352x240" 15.750 352 368 416 432 240 244 246 262 Doublescan |
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494 Modeline "320x240" 12.588 320 336 384 400 240 245 246 262 Doublescan |
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495 EndSection |
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496 </programlisting></para> |
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497 |
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498 |
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499 <formalpara> |
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500 <title>DGA & MPLAYER</title> |
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501 <para> |
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502 DGA wird bei <application>MPlayer</application> an zwei Stellen benutzt: |
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503 beim SDL-Treiber mit (<option>-vo sdl:driver=dga</option>) oder beim |
19816 | 504 DGA-Treiber selbst (<option>-vo dga</option>). |
20515 | 505 Das oben gesagte gilt für beide Treiber. In den folgenden Abschnitten |
506 erkläre ich, wie der DGA-Treiber von <application>MPlayer</application> | |
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507 selber arbeitet. |
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508 </para> |
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509 </formalpara> |
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510 |
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511 |
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512 <formalpara> |
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513 <title>FEATURES DES DGA-TREIBERS</title> |
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514 |
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515 <para> |
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516 Der DGA-Treiber wird durch die Option <option>-vo dga</option> aktiviert. |
20515 | 517 Sein Standardverhalten sieht vor, dass er in die Auflösung schaltet, die |
518 der Videoauflösung am nächsten kommt. Der Treiber ignoriert absichtlich | |
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519 die Optionen <option>-vm</option> (Videomodusumschaltung aktivieren) und |
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520 <option>-fs</option> (Vollbildmodus erzwingen) - er versucht immer, so viel |
20515 | 521 Bildfläche wie möglich durch eine Änderung der Auflösung zu bedecken. |
522 Dadurch wird nicht ein einziger weiterer CPU-Takt für die Skalierung des | |
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523 Bildes verwendet. Wenn du mit dem Modus nicht zufrieden bist, den der Treiber |
20515 | 524 gewählt hat, dann kannst du ihn zwingen, denjenigen Modus zu |
525 wählen, der am besten zu dem mit den Optionen <option>-x</option> und | |
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526 <option>-y</option> angegebenen Werten passt. Die Option <option>-v</option> |
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527 veranlasst den DGA-Treiber, neben einigen anderen Dingen auch alle von deiner |
20515 | 528 <filename>XF86Config</filename>-Datei unterstützen Videomodi aufzulisten. |
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529 Wenn DGA2 verwendet wird, dann kannst du mit der Option <option>-bpp</option> die |
20515 | 530 Verwendung einer bestimmten Farbtiefe erzwingen. Gültige Werte sind 15, |
531 16, 24 und 32. Es hängt dann von deiner Hardware ab, ob der Modus nativ | |
532 unterstützt wird oder ob eine (möglicherweise langsame) | |
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533 Konvertierung stattfindet. |
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534 </para> |
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535 </formalpara> |
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536 <para> |
20515 | 537 Wenn du Glück hast und dir genug unbenutzter Grafikspeicher zur |
538 Verfügung steht, um ein komplettes Bild aufzunehmen, dann wird der | |
539 DGA-Treiber Doppelpufferung verwenden, was zu einer regelmäßigeren | |
540 Wiedergabe führt. Der DGA-Treiber wird dir mitteilen, ob Doppelpufferung | |
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541 angeschaltet ist oder nicht. |
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542 </para> |
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543 |
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544 <para> |
20515 | 545 Doppelpufferung bedeutet, dass das nächste Bild deines Videos bereits |
546 an einer anderen Stelle im Grafikspeicher aufgebaut wird, während das | |
547 aktuelle Bild angezeigt wird. Ist das nächste Bild fertig, so wird | |
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548 dem Grafikchip nur noch mitgeteilt, wo er das neue Bild im Speicher finden |
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549 kann. Somit holt sich der Chip seine Daten einfach von dort. In der |
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550 Zwischenzeit wird der andere, jetzt unbenutze Puffer wieder mit neuen |
20515 | 551 Videodaten gefüllt. |
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552 </para> |
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553 |
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554 <para> |
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555 Doppelpufferung kann mit der Option <option>-double</option> aktiviert und mit |
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556 <option>-nodouble</option> deaktiviert werden. Momentan ist die Doppelpufferung |
19816 | 557 per Voreinstellung deaktiviert. Wird der DGA-Treiber verwendet, |
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558 dann funktioniert das Onscreen-Display (ODS) nur dann, wenn auch die |
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559 Doppelpufferung aktiviert ist. Andererseits kann die Doppelpufferung auch |
20515 | 560 einen großen Geschwindigkeitseinbruch hervorrufen, was stark von |
561 der DGA-Implementierung der Treiber für deine Hardware abhängt (auf | |
562 meinem K6-II+ 525 benötigt Doppelpufferung weitere 20% CPU-Zeit!). | |
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563 </para> |
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564 |
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565 |
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566 <formalpara> |
20515 | 567 <title>PUNKTE BEZÜGLICH DER GESCHWINDIGKEIT</title> |
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568 |
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569 <para> |
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570 Generell gesehen sollte der Zugriff auf den DGA-Framebuffer genauso |
20515 | 571 schnell sein wie der X11-Treiber, wobei man zusätzlich noch ein Vollbild |
572 erhält. Die prozentualen Geschwindigkeitswerte, die <application>MPlayer</application> | |
573 ausgibt, müssen mit Vorsicht genossen werden, da sie z.B. beim X11-Treiber | |
574 nicht die Zeit beinhalten, die der X-Server tatsächlich zum | |
575 Anzeigen des Bildes benötigt. Klemm ein Terminal an deinen seriellen | |
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576 Port und starte <command>top</command>, wenn du wissen willst, wie's wirklich mit |
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577 der Geschwindigkeit aussieht. |
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578 </para> |
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579 </formalpara> |
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580 |
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581 <para> |
20515 | 582 Allgemein betrachtet hängt die Geschwindigkeitsverbesserung von DGA |
583 gegenüber dem 'normalen' X11-Treiber sehr von deiner Grafikkarte und | |
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584 davon ab, wie gut das X-Servermodul optimiert ist. |
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585 </para> |
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586 |
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587 <para> |
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588 Wenn du ein langsames System hast, dann benutz besser eine Farbtiefe von |
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589 15 oder 16bit, da sie nur die halbe Bandbreite des 32bit-Farbmodus |
20515 | 590 benötigen. |
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591 </para> |
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592 |
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593 <para> |
19816 | 594 Einge gute Idee ist auch die Verwendung von 24bit Farbtiefe, selbst dann, |
20515 | 595 wenn deine Grafikkarte nativ nur 32bit unterstützt, da bei 24bit 25% |
596 weniger Daten im Vergleich zum 32/32-Modus über den Bus transferiert | |
597 werden müssen. | |
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598 </para> |
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599 |
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600 <para> |
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601 Ich habe schon gesehen, wie einige AVI-Dateien auf einem Pentium MMX 266 |
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602 wiedergegeben werden konnten. AMD K6-2-CPUs werden ab ca. 400 MHz oder |
20515 | 603 höher funktionieren. |
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604 </para> |
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605 |
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606 |
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607 <formalpara> |
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608 <title>BEKANNTE FEHLER</title> |
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609 |
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610 <para> |
20515 | 611 Die Entwickler von XFree sagen selbst, dass DGA ein ganz schönes |
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612 Monstrum ist. Sie raten eher davon ab, es zu benutzen, da seine |
20515 | 613 Implementierung in einige Chipset-Treiber für XFree nicht immer |
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614 ganz fehlerfrei war. |
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615 </para> |
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616 </formalpara> |
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617 |
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618 <itemizedlist> |
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619 <listitem><para> |
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620 Bei der Kombination aus XFree 4.0.3 und dem |
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621 <filename>nv.o</filename>-Treiber gibt es einen Fehler, der zu |
20515 | 622 merkwürdigen Farben führt. |
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623 </para></listitem> |
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624 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 625 Die ATI-Treiber müssen den Videomodus mehrmals zurückstellen, |
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626 nachdem der DGA-Modus verlassen wurde. |
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627 </para></listitem> |
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628 <listitem><para> |
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629 Einige Treiber schaffen es manchmal einfach nicht, in die vorherige |
20515 | 630 Auflösung zurückzuschalten. Benutze in solch einem Fall |
24611 | 631 <keycombo><keycap>Strg</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>Keypad +</keycap></keycombo> und |
632 <keycombo><keycap>Strg</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>Keypad -</keycap></keycombo>, | |
20515 | 633 um manuell die Auflösung zu ändern. |
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634 </para></listitem> |
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635 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 636 Einige Treiber zeigen einfach nur merkwürdige Farben an. |
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637 </para></listitem> |
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638 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 639 Manche Treiber lügen, was die von ihnen in den Prozessorspeicher |
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640 eingeblendete Menge Grafikspeicher anbelangt, weswegen vo_dga |
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641 nicht die Doppelpufferung verwendet (SIS?). |
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642 </para></listitem> |
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643 <listitem><para> |
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644 Einige Treiber schaffen es nicht einmal, auch nur einen einzigen |
20515 | 645 gültigen Grafikmodus bereitzustellen. In solchen Fällen |
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646 gibt der DGA-Treiber schwachsinnige Modi wie z.B. 100000x100000 oder |
20515 | 647 so ähnlich aus. |
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648 </para></listitem> |
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649 <listitem><para> |
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650 Das OSD funktioniert nur, wenn auch die Doppelpufferung aktiviert |
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651 ist (sonst flimmert es). |
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652 </para></listitem> |
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653 </itemizedlist> |
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654 |
24622 | 655 </sect1> |
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656 <!--</sect1>--> |
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657 |
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658 <!-- ********** --> |
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659 |
24622 | 660 <sect1 id="sdl"> |
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661 <title>SDL</title> |
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662 |
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663 <para> |
20515 | 664 <acronym>SDL</acronym> (Simple Directmedia Layer, einfacher Layer für |
665 den direkten Zugriff auf Mediengeräte) bietet grundsätzlich eine einheitliche | |
666 Schnittstelle zu Audio- und Videogeräten. Programme, die SDL | |
667 benutzen, kennen nur SDL und brauchen nichts darüber zu wissen, welche | |
668 Video- oder Audiotreiber SDL tatsächlich benutzt. So kann z.B. eine | |
18649 | 669 Doom-Portierung mit SDL die Svgalib, aalib, X11, fbdev und andere Treiber |
19816 | 670 nutzen. Dazu musst du z.B. nur den Videotreiber angeben, indem du die |
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671 Umgebungsvariable <envar>SDL_VIDEODRIVER</envar> setzt. |
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672 So lautet zumindest die Theorie. |
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673 </para> |
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674 |
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675 <para> |
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676 Bei <application>MPlayer</application> benutzten wir damals die |
18649 | 677 Softwareskalierungsroutinen der X11-Treiber von SDL bei Grafikkarten/-treibern, |
20515 | 678 die keine Unterstützung für XVideo hatten, bis wir unsere eigenen schrieben, |
679 die schneller und hübscher waren. Wir benutzten damals außerdem SDLs | |
18649 | 680 aalib-Ausgabe. Jetzt haben wir unsere eigenen, was wesentlich komfortabler |
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681 ist. Auch davon haben wir selber eine komfortablere Version geschrieben. |
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682 SDLs DGA-Code war besser als unserer - zumindest bis vor kurzem. |
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683 Verstehst du, worauf ich hinauswill? :) |
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684 </para> |
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685 |
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686 <para> |
20515 | 687 SDL ist auch bei einigen fehlerbehafteten Treibern/Karten nützlich, |
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688 wenn das Video ruckelig abgespielt wird (und es nicht an einem langsamen |
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689 System liegt), oder wenn der Ton hinterherhinkt. |
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690 </para> |
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691 |
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692 <para> |
20515 | 693 Die SDL-Videoausgabe unterstützt die Anzeige von Untertiteln unterhalb |
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694 des Films auf den schwarzen Balken (sofern diese vorhanden sind). |
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695 </para> |
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696 |
24622 | 697 </sect1> |
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698 |
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699 |
24622 | 700 <sect1 id="svgalib"> |
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701 <title>SVGAlib</title> |
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702 |
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703 <formalpara> |
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704 <title>INSTALLATION</title> |
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705 <para> |
20515 | 706 Du musst zuerst die svgalib und die dazugehörigen Entwicklerpakete |
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707 installieren, bevor du <application>MPlayer</application> compilierst, |
19816 | 708 da er sonst die Svgalib nicht automatisch findet und den Treiber dazu |
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709 nicht compiliert (das kann aber trotzdem erzwungen werden). Vergiss auch |
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710 nicht, in <filename>/etc/vga/libvga.config</filename> richtige Werte |
20515 | 711 für deine Grafikkarte und deinen Monitor anzugeben. |
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712 </para> |
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713 </formalpara> |
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714 |
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715 <note> |
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716 <para> |
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717 Verwende nicht die Option <option>-fs</option>, da sie die Benutzung des |
18649 | 718 Softwareskalierers erzwingt und das ganze dann langsam wird. Wenn du diese |
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719 Option wirklich brauchst, dann verwende auch <option>-sws 4</option>, |
20515 | 720 welche zwar schlechte Qualität produziert, dafür aber auch ein wenig |
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721 schneller ist. |
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722 </para> |
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723 </note> |
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724 |
20515 | 725 <formalpara><title>EGA(4bpp)-UNTERSTÜTZUNG</title> |
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726 <para> |
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727 SVGAlib beinhaltet die EGAlib, und MPlayer kann damit jeden Film in |
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728 16 Farben bei folgenden Modi anzeigen: |
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729 </para> |
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730 </formalpara> |
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731 |
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732 <itemizedlist> |
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733 <listitem><para> |
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734 EGA-Karte mit EGA-Monitor: 320x200x4bpp, 640x200x4bpp, 640x350x4bpp |
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735 </para></listitem> |
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736 <listitem><para> |
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737 EGA-Karte mit CGA-Monitor: 320x200x4bpp, 640x200x4bpp |
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738 </para></listitem> |
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739 </itemizedlist> |
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740 |
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741 <para> |
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742 Der bpp-Wert (Bits pro Pixel) muss von Hand auf vier gesetzt werden: |
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743 <option>-bpp 4</option> |
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744 </para> |
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745 |
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746 <para> |
20515 | 747 Die Auflösung des Films muss wahrscheinlich verkleinert werden, damit |
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748 er in den EGA-Modus reinpasst: |
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749 <screen>-vf scale=640:350</screen> |
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750 oder |
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751 <screen>-vf scale=320:200</screen> |
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752 </para> |
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753 |
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754 <para> |
20515 | 755 Dafür brauchen wir eine schnelle, aber schlechte Qualität |
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756 produzierende Skalierroutine: |
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757 <screen>-sws 4</screen> |
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758 </para> |
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759 |
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760 <para> |
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761 Eventuell muss die automatische Anpassung des |
20515 | 762 Höhen-/Breitenverhältnisses ausgeschaltet werden: |
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763 <screen>-noaspect</screen> |
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764 </para> |
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765 |
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766 <note><para> |
20515 | 767 Die besten Ergebnisse bei EGA-Bildschirmen erhält man meiner Erfahrung nach, |
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768 wenn man die Helligkeit ein wenig verringert: |
19816 | 769 <option>-vf eq=-20:0</option>. Ich musste auch die Audiosamplerate reduzieren, |
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770 weil bei 44KHz der Sound nicht richtig funktionierte: |
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|
771 <option>-srate 22050</option>. |
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772 </para></note> |
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|
773 |
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774 <para> |
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775 Du kannst das OSD und Untertitel mit dem <option>expand</option>-Filter |
20515 | 776 aktivieren. Die Manpage enthält die exakten Parameter. |
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777 </para> |
24622 | 778 </sect1> |
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779 |
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780 |
24622 | 781 <sect1 id="fbdev"> |
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782 <title>Framebuffer-Ausgabe (FBdev)</title> |
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783 |
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784 <para> |
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785 <filename>./configure</filename> erkennt automatisch, ob es den Framebuffertreiber |
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786 (fbdev) compilieren soll oder nicht. Lies die Framebufferdokumentation in den |
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787 Kernelquellen (<filename>Documentation/fb/*</filename>); dort stehen mehr |
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788 Informationen. |
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789 </para> |
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790 |
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791 <para> |
20515 | 792 Falls deine Karte den VBE 2.0-Standard nicht unterstützt (wie z.B. |
793 ältere ISA-/PCI-Karten wie die S3 Trio64) oder nur VBE 1.2 und | |
794 älter unterstützt: Tja, dann kannst du immer noch VESAfb benutzen, | |
795 benötigst aber den SciTech Display Doctor (ehemals UniVBE), der vor dem | |
19816 | 796 Booten von Linux geladen werden muss. Nimm dazu eine DOS-Bootdiskette oder |
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797 was auch immer. Vergiss nicht, deine Kopie von UniVBE zu registrieren ;). |
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798 </para> |
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799 |
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800 <para> |
20515 | 801 Die Fbdev-Ausgabe kennt neben den üblichen Parametern noch einige andere: |
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802 </para> |
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803 |
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804 <variablelist> |
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805 <varlistentry> |
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806 <term><option>-fb</option></term> |
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807 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 808 Gibt das zu verwendende Framebuffergerät an (Standard: <filename>/dev/fb0</filename>) |
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809 </para></listitem> |
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810 </varlistentry> |
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811 <varlistentry> |
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812 <term><option>-fbmode</option></term> |
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813 <listitem><para> |
18649 | 814 Gibt zu benutzenden Modusnamen an (wie sie in <filename>/etc/fb.modes</filename> stehen) |
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815 </para></listitem> |
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816 </varlistentry> |
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817 <varlistentry> |
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818 <term><option>-fbmodeconfig</option></term> |
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819 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 820 Konfigurationsdatei für die Modi (Standard: <filename>/etc/fb.modes</filename>) |
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821 </para></listitem> |
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822 </varlistentry> |
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|
823 <varlistentry> |
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824 <term><option>-monitor-hfreq</option></term> |
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|
825 <term><option>-monitor-vfreq</option></term> |
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|
826 <term><option>-monitor-dotclock</option></term> |
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|
827 <listitem><para> |
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828 <emphasis role="bold">Wichtige</emphasis> Werte, schau dir die |
18649 | 829 <filename>example.conf</filename> an. |
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diff
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|
830 </para></listitem> |
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|
831 </varlistentry> |
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|
832 </variablelist> |
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|
833 |
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834 <para> |
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835 Wenn du in einen speziellen Modus wechseln willst, dann benutze |
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|
836 <screen> |
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837 mplayer -vm -fbmode <replaceable>Modusname</replaceable> <replaceable>Dateiname</replaceable> |
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|
838 </screen> |
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|
839 </para> |
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|
840 |
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|
841 <itemizedlist> |
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|
842 <listitem><para> |
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|
843 <option>-vm</option> ohne weitere Optionen wird den am besten passenden Modus |
20515 | 844 aus <filename>/etc/fb.modes</filename> auswählen. Kann auch zusammen mit |
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845 <option>-x</option> und <option>-y</option> benutzt werden. Die Option |
20515 | 846 <option>-flip</option> wird nur dann unterstützt, wenn das Pixelformat des |
847 Films mit dem Pixelformat des Videomodus übereinstimmt. Pass auf den | |
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|
848 bpp-Wert auf. fbdev wird den aktuell eingestellten benutzen, wenn du |
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|
849 nicht mit <option>-bpp</option> einen bestimmten angibst. |
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|
850 </para></listitem> |
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|
851 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 852 Die Option <option>-zoom</option> wird nicht unterstützt (Softwareskalierung |
18568
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|
853 ist langsam, verwende <option>-vf scale</option>). Du kannst keine Modi mit |
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|
854 8bpp oder weniger benutzen. |
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|
855 </para></listitem> |
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|
856 <listitem><para> |
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|
857 Wahrscheinlich wirst du den Cursor (<screen>echo -e '\033[?25l'</screen> |
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|
858 oder <screen>setterm -cursor off</screen>) und den Bildschirmschoner |
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|
859 (<option>setterm -blank 0</option>) deaktivieren wollen. Um den Cursor wieder |
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|
860 zu aktivieren: <screen>echo -e '\033[?25h'</screen> oder |
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|
861 <screen>setterm -cursor on</screen>. |
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|
862 </para></listitem> |
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|
863 </itemizedlist> |
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|
864 |
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|
865 <note> |
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|
866 <para> |
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|
867 fbdev kann den Videomodus in Verbindung mit dem VESA-Framebuffer |
20515 | 868 <emphasis>nicht</emphasis> ändern. Frag auch nicht danach - das ist |
869 keine Einschränkung seitens <application>MPlayer</application>. | |
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|
870 </para> |
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|
871 </note> |
24622 | 872 </sect1> |
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|
873 |
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|
874 |
24622 | 875 <sect1 id="mga_vid"> |
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|
876 <title>Matrox-Framebuffer (mga_vid)</title> |
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|
877 |
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|
878 <para> |
24619
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24618
diff
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|
879 <systemitem>mga_vid</systemitem> ist eine Kombination aus einem Videoausgabetreiber |
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|
880 und Linux-Kernelmodul, das die Matrox G200/G400/G450/G550 Scaler-/Overlay-Einheit |
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|
881 verwendet, um YUV->RGB-Farbraumkonvertierungen und beliebige Videoskalierungen durchzuführen. |
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|
882 <systemitem>mga_vid</systemitem> bietet Unterstützung für Hardware-VSYNC und Dreifachpufferung. |
24616 | 883 Dieser Treiber funktioniert sowohl unter der Framebufferconsole als auch unter X, |
884 jedoch nur mit Linux 2.4.x. | |
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|
885 </para> |
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|
886 |
24619
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|
887 <para> |
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|
888 Für eine Version für Linux 2.6.x gehe auf <ulink url="http://attila.kinali.ch/mga/"/>. |
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|
889 </para> |
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|
890 |
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|
891 <procedure> |
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|
892 <title>Installation:</title> |
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|
893 <step><para> |
20515 | 894 Um den Treiber benutzen zu können, musst du erstmal <filename>mga_vid.o</filename> |
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|
895 compilieren: |
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|
896 <screen> |
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|
897 cd drivers |
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|
898 make<!-- |
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diff
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|
899 --></screen> |
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|
900 </para></step> |
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|
901 <step><para> |
24619
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|
902 Führe dann (als <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>) folgenden Befehl aus: |
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|
903 <screen>make install</screen> |
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|
904 Dies sollte das Modul installieren und das Device-Node für dich erstellen. |
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|
905 Lade den Treiber mit |
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|
906 <screen>insmod mga_vid.o</screen> |
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|
907 </para></step> |
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|
908 <step><para> |
20515 | 909 Du solltest sicherstellen, dass das Modul die Größe des |
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|
910 Grafikkartenspeichers korrekt ermittelt hat. Benutze dazu |
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|
911 <command>dmesg</command>. Wenn die Angabe nicht stimmt, dann gib nach |
18649 | 912 <command>rmmod mga_vid</command> mit Hilfe der Option |
20515 | 913 <option>mga_ram_size</option> die Größe explizit an: |
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|
914 <screen>insmod mga_vid.o mga_ram_size=16</screen> |
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diff
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|
915 </para></step> |
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|
916 <step><para> |
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|
917 Wenn das Modul automatisch geladen und entladen werden soll, sobald |
20515 | 918 es benötigt wird, so füge die folgende Zeile in der Datei |
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diff
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|
919 <filename>/etc/modules.conf</filename> ein: |
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|
920 |
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|
921 <programlisting>alias char-major-178 mga_vid</programlisting> |
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diff
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|
922 </para></step> |
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|
923 <step><para> |
20515 | 924 Schließlich musst du noch <application>MPlayer</application> (erneut) compilieren. |
24619
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|
925 <command>configure</command> wird automatisch <filename>/dev/mga_vid</filename> |
20515 | 926 finden und den 'mga'-Treiber erstellen. Die entsprechende Option für |
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|
927 <application>MPlayer</application> lautet <option>-vo mga</option>, wenn du mit |
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diff
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|
928 dem matroxfb auf der Console arbeitest, oder <option>-vo xmga</option>, wenn du |
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diff
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|
929 unter XFree 3.x.x oder XFree 4.x.x arbeitest. |
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diff
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|
930 </para></step> |
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|
931 </procedure> |
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|
932 |
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|
933 <para> |
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|
934 Der mga_vid-Treiber kooperiert mit Xv. |
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|
935 </para> |
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|
936 |
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|
937 <para> |
20515 | 938 Das Gerät <filename>/dev/mga_vid</filename> kann z.B. mit |
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|
939 <screen>cat /dev/mga_vid</screen> |
20515 | 940 ausgelesen werden, um ein paar Informationen über |
941 den aktuellen Zustand zu erhalten. Die Helligkeit kann zusätzlich mit z.B. | |
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|
942 <screen>echo "brightness=120" > /dev/mga_vid</screen> |
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|
943 angepasst werden. |
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|
944 </para> |
24619
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|
945 |
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|
946 <para> |
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|
947 Es gibt ein Testprogramm namens <command>mga_vid_test</command> im selben Verzeichnis. |
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948 Es sollte 256x256 große Bilder auf den Schirm zeichnen, wenn alles gut funktioniert. |
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|
949 </para> |
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|
950 |
24622 | 951 </sect1> |
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|
952 |
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|
953 |
24622 | 954 <sect1 id="tdfxfb" xreflabel="3Dfx YUV support (tdfxfb)"> |
20515 | 955 <title>3dfx-YUV-Unterstützung (tdfxfb)</title> |
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|
956 <para> |
19816 | 957 Dieser Treiber verwendet den tdfx-Framebuffertreiber des Kernels, um Filme |
20515 | 958 mit YUV-Beschleunigung abzuspielen. Deswegen benötigst du einen Kernel |
959 mit tdfxfb-Unterstütztung. Danach musst du MPlayer compilieren mit | |
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|
960 <screen>./configure --enable-tdfxfb</screen> |
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|
961 </para> |
24622 | 962 </sect1> |
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|
963 |
24622 | 964 <sect1 id="tdfx_vid"> |
24615 | 965 <title>tdfx_vid</title> |
966 | |
967 <para> | |
968 Dies ist eine Kombination aus Linux-Kernelmodul und einem Videoausgabetreiber, | |
969 ähnlich <link linkend="mga_vid">mga_vid</link>. | |
970 Du wirst einen 2.4.x-Kernel mit dem <systemitem>agpgart</systemitem>-Treiber | |
971 brauchen, denn <systemitem>tdfx_vid</systemitem> verwendet AGP. | |
972 Übergib <option>--enable-tdfxfb</option> an <command>configure</command>, um | |
973 den Videoausgabetreiber zu erstellen, und erzeuge das Kernelmodul nach folgenden | |
974 Anweisungen. | |
975 </para> | |
976 | |
977 <procedure> | |
978 <title>Das tdfx_vid.o-Kernelmodul installieren:</title> | |
979 <step> | |
980 <para> | |
981 Compiliere <filename>tdfx_vid.o</filename>: | |
982 <screen> | |
983 cd drivers | |
24619
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|
984 make</screen> |
24615 | 985 </para> |
986 </step> | |
987 <step> | |
988 <para> | |
24619
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989 Führe dann (als <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>) folgenden Befehl aus: |
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990 <screen>make install</screen> |
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991 Dies sollte das Modul installieren und das Device-Node für dich erstellen. |
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992 Lade den Treiber mit <screen>insmod tdfx_vid.o</screen> |
24615 | 993 </para> |
994 </step> | |
995 <step> | |
996 <para> | |
997 Um es automatisch nach Bedarf zu laden bzw. zu entfernen, füge folgende Zeile | |
998 am Ende von <filename>/etc/modules.conf</filename> hinzu: | |
999 | |
1000 <programlisting>alias char-major-178 tdfx_vid</programlisting> | |
1001 </para> | |
1002 </step> | |
1003 </procedure> | |
1004 | |
24619
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1005 <para> |
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1006 Es gibt ein Testprogramm namens <command>tdfx_vid_test</command> im selben Verzeichnis. |
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1007 Es sollte nützliche Informationen ausgeben, wenn alles gut funktioniert. |
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1008 </para> |
24622 | 1009 </sect1> |
24615 | 1010 |
1011 <!-- ********** --> | |
1012 | |
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1013 |
24622 | 1014 <sect1 id="opengl"> |
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1015 <title>OpenGL-Ausgabe</title> |
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1016 |
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|
1017 <para> |
20515 | 1018 <application>MPlayer</application> unterstützt die Ausgabe von Filmen via |
1019 OpenGL. Wenn aber deine Plattform/dein Treiber Xv unterstützt (was bei PCs | |
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1020 mit Linux praktisch immer der Fall ist), dann benutze besser Xv, da die |
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1021 OpenGL-Geschwindigkeit deutlich geringer als die von Xv ist. Wenn du dagegen |
20515 | 1022 eine X11-Implementierung hast, die Xv nicht unterstützt, so mag OpenGL eine |
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|
1023 brauchbare Alternative sein. |
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|
1024 </para> |
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1025 |
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1026 <para> |
20515 | 1027 Leider unterstützen nicht alle Treiber die erforderlichen Features. |
1028 Die Utah-GLX-Treiber (für XFree86 3.3.6) unterstützen sie für | |
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1029 alle Karten. Auf <ulink url="http://utah-glx.sf.net"/> |
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|
1030 findest du Details zur Installation. |
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1031 </para> |
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1032 |
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1033 <para> |
20515 | 1034 XFree86(DRI) 4.0.3 oder neuer unterstützt OpenGL mit Matrox- und |
1035 Radeon-Karten, 4.2.0 und neuer unterstützen zusätzlich Rage128. | |
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1036 Auf <ulink url="http://dri.sf.net"/> findest du Details zur Installation. |
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1037 </para> |
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|
1038 |
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1039 <para> |
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1040 Ein Hinweis von einem unserer User: der GL-Video-Output kann dazu verwendet |
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1041 werden, einen vertikal synchronisierten TV-Output zu bekommen. |
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1042 Du musst dann eine Umgebungsvariable setzen (zumindest bei nVidia): |
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1043 </para> |
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1044 |
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1045 <para> |
20861 | 1046 <command>export __GL_SYNC_TO_VBLANK=1</command> |
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1047 </para> |
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1048 |
24622 | 1049 </sect1> |
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1050 |
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1051 |
24622 | 1052 <sect1 id="aalib"> |
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1053 <title>AAlib - Ausgabe im Textmodus</title> |
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1054 |
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1055 <para> |
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1056 AAlib ist eine Bilbiothek, mit der Grafiken im Textmodus angezeigt |
20515 | 1057 werden, wobei ein mächtiger Textmodusrenderer angewandt wird. Es gibt SEHR |
1058 viele Programme, die das bereits unterstützen, wie z.B. Doom, Quake etc. | |
1059 <application>MPlayer</application> enthält einen sehr gut brauchbaren | |
1060 Treiber für AAlib. Wenn <filename>./configure</filename> feststellt, | |
1061 dass die AAlib installiert ist, dann wird anschließend der AAlib-Treiber | |
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|
1062 gebaut. |
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|
1063 </para> |
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|
1064 |
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1065 <para> |
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1066 Du kannst diese Tasten im AA-Fenster benutzen, um die Render-Optionen |
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|
1067 zu beeinflussen: |
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|
1068 </para> |
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|
1069 |
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|
1070 <informaltable> |
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|
1071 <tgroup cols="2"> |
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|
1072 <thead> |
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1073 <row><entry>Taste</entry><entry>Aktion</entry></row> |
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1074 </thead> |
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1075 <tbody> |
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1076 <row><entry><keycap>1</keycap></entry><entry> |
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1077 Kontrast verringern |
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1078 </entry></row> |
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|
1079 <row><entry><keycap>2</keycap></entry><entry> |
20515 | 1080 Kontrast erhöhen |
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1081 </entry></row> |
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1082 <row><entry><keycap>3</keycap></entry><entry> |
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1083 Helligkeit verringern |
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1084 </entry></row> |
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1085 <row><entry><keycap>4</keycap></entry><entry> |
20515 | 1086 Helligkeit erhöhen |
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1087 </entry></row> |
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1088 <row><entry><keycap>5</keycap></entry><entry> |
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1089 Schnelles Rendern an-/ausschalten |
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1090 </entry></row> |
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1091 <row><entry><keycap>6</keycap></entry><entry> |
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1092 Wahl des Farbverteilungsmodus (keiner, Fehlerverteilung, Floyd Steinberg) |
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1093 </entry></row> |
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1094 <row><entry><keycap>7</keycap></entry><entry> |
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|
1095 Bild invertieren |
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|
1096 </entry></row> |
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1097 <row><entry><keycap>8</keycap></entry><entry> |
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1098 schaltet zwischen den <application>MPlayer</application>- und den AA-Tastenbelegungen um |
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1099 </entry></row> |
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1100 </tbody> |
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1101 </tgroup> |
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1102 </informaltable> |
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|
1103 |
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1104 <variablelist> |
20515 | 1105 <title>Die folgenden Kommandozeilenparamter stehen zur Verfügungung:</title> |
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1106 <varlistentry> |
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1107 <term><option>-aaosdcolor=<replaceable>V</replaceable></option></term> |
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1108 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 1109 OSD-Farbe ändern |
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1110 </para></listitem> |
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1111 </varlistentry> |
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1112 <varlistentry> |
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1113 <term><option>-aasubcolor=<replaceable>V</replaceable></option></term> |
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1114 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 1115 Farbe der Untertitel ändern, |
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1116 </para><para> |
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1117 <replaceable>V</replaceable> kann folgende Werte annehmen: |
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1118 <literal>0</literal> (normal), |
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|
1119 <literal>1</literal> (dunkel), |
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|
1120 <literal>2</literal> (fett), |
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|
1121 <literal>3</literal> (fette Schrift), |
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|
1122 <literal>4</literal> (negative Farben), |
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|
1123 <literal>5</literal> (spezial). |
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1124 </para></listitem> |
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|
1125 </varlistentry> |
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|
1126 </variablelist> |
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|
1127 |
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|
1128 <variablelist> |
20515 | 1129 <title>Die AAlib selbst bietet ebenfalls eine große Anzahl von Optionen. |
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1130 Hier sind die wichtigsten:</title> |
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|
1131 <varlistentry> |
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|
1132 <term><option>-aadriver</option></term> |
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e4cd9d683286
Massive <simpara> -> <para>, as no <simpara>'s are actually needed.
torinthiel
parents:
20923
diff
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|
1133 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 1134 Wählt den empfohlenen aa-Treiber (X11, curses, Linux). |
21725
e4cd9d683286
Massive <simpara> -> <para>, as no <simpara>'s are actually needed.
torinthiel
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20923
diff
changeset
|
1135 </para></listitem> |
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|
1136 </varlistentry> |
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|
1137 <varlistentry> |
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|
1138 <term><option>-aaextended</option></term> |
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e4cd9d683286
Massive <simpara> -> <para>, as no <simpara>'s are actually needed.
torinthiel
parents:
20923
diff
changeset
|
1139 <listitem><para> |
18649 | 1140 Benutze alle 256 Zeichen. |
21725
e4cd9d683286
Massive <simpara> -> <para>, as no <simpara>'s are actually needed.
torinthiel
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20923
diff
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|
1141 </para></listitem> |
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|
1142 </varlistentry> |
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|
1143 <varlistentry> |
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|
1144 <term><option>-aaeight</option></term> |
21725
e4cd9d683286
Massive <simpara> -> <para>, as no <simpara>'s are actually needed.
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20923
diff
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|
1145 <listitem><para> |
18649 | 1146 Benutze 8 Bit ASCII-Zeichen. |
21725
e4cd9d683286
Massive <simpara> -> <para>, as no <simpara>'s are actually needed.
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20923
diff
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|
1147 </para></listitem> |
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|
1148 </varlistentry> |
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|
1149 <varlistentry> |
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|
1150 <term><option>-aahelp</option></term> |
21725
e4cd9d683286
Massive <simpara> -> <para>, as no <simpara>'s are actually needed.
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20923
diff
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|
1151 <listitem><para> |
18649 | 1152 Gib alle aalib-Optionen aus. |
21725
e4cd9d683286
Massive <simpara> -> <para>, as no <simpara>'s are actually needed.
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20923
diff
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|
1153 </para></listitem> |
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1154 </varlistentry> |
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1155 </variablelist> |
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|
1156 |
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|
1157 <note> |
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|
1158 <para> |
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1159 Das Rendern ist sehr CPU-intensiv, vor allem, wenn AA unter X |
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|
1160 benutzt wird. AAlib braucht auf einer Nicht-Framebuffer-Console am |
20515 | 1161 wenigstens CPU-Zeit. Benutze SVGATextMode, um einen möglichst |
1162 großen Textmodus zu wählen, und genieß den Film! (Hercules-Karten | |
1163 als zweites Ausgabegerät rocken :)) (Aber IMHO kannst du die Option | |
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1164 <option>-vf 1bpp</option> anwenden, um Grafiken auf hgafb zu bekommen :) |
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1165 </para> |
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1166 </note> |
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|
1167 |
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|
1168 <para> |
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1169 Wenn dein Computer nicht schnell genug ist, um alle Frames anzuzeigen, |
19816 | 1170 dann benutze die Option <option>-framedrop</option>. |
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|
1171 </para> |
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|
1172 |
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|
1173 <para> |
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|
1174 Wenn du auf einem Terminal abspielst, dann erzielst du mit dem Linux- |
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|
1175 Treiber (<option>-aadriver linux</option>) bessere Ergebnisse als mit dem curses- |
20515 | 1176 Treiber. Allerdings benötigst du dafür auch Schreibrechte auf |
18649 | 1177 <filename>/dev/vcsa<replaceable><Terminal></replaceable></filename>. |
19816 | 1178 Das wird von aalib nicht automatisch festgestellt, aber vo_aa versucht, den |
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|
1179 besten Modus herauszufinden. Lies |
20515 | 1180 <ulink url="http://aa-project.sf.net/tune"/> für weitere Tuningtipps. |
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1181 </para> |
24622 | 1182 </sect1> |
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|
1183 |
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1184 |
24622 | 1185 <sect1 id="caca"> |
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1186 <title><systemitem class="library">libcaca</systemitem> - Color ASCII Art-Bibliothek</title> |
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1187 |
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|
1188 <para> |
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|
1189 Die Bibliothek |
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|
1190 <ulink url="http://sam.zoy.org/projects/libcaca/"><systemitem class="library">libcaca</systemitem></ulink> |
20515 | 1191 ist eine Grafik-Bibliothek, die Text anstatt Pixel ausgibt, sodass sie auf älteren |
1192 Grafikkarten oder Text-Terminals läuft. Sie ist der bekannten Bibliothek | |
1193 <systemitem class="library">AAlib</systemitem> nicht unähnlich. | |
1194 <systemitem class="library">libcaca</systemitem> benötigt ein Terminal, um zu | |
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|
1195 funktionieren, deshalb sollte sie auf allen Unix-Systemen (inklusive Mac OS X) funktionieren, |
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1196 wenn man entweder die <systemitem class="library">slang</systemitem>-Bibliothek oder die |
18649 | 1197 <systemitem class="library">ncurses</systemitem>-Bibliothek, unter DOS die |
1198 <systemitem class="library">conio.h</systemitem>-Bibliothek und auf Windows-Systemen | |
18568
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|
1199 entweder <systemitem class="library">slang</systemitem> oder |
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1200 <systemitem class="library">ncurses</systemitem> (durch Cygwin-Emulation) oder |
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|
1201 <systemitem class="library">conio.h</systemitem> verwendet. Wenn |
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1202 <filename>./configure</filename> <systemitem class="library">libcaca</systemitem> |
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1203 entdeckt, wird der caca-Treiber gebaut. |
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|
1204 </para> |
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|
1205 |
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1206 <itemizedlist> |
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|
1207 <title>Die Unterschiede zu <systemitem class="library">AAlib</systemitem> sind |
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|
1208 folgende:</title> |
21725
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|
1209 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 1210 16 verfügbare Farben für die Zeichenausgabe (256 Farbpaare) |
21725
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|
1211 </para></listitem> |
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|
1212 <listitem><para> |
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1213 Farbbild-Dithering |
21725
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|
1214 </para></listitem> |
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|
1215 </itemizedlist> |
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|
1216 |
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|
1217 <itemizedlist> |
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|
1218 <title>Aber <systemitem class="library">libcaca</systemitem> hat auch folgende |
20515 | 1219 Einschränkungen:</title> |
21725
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|
1220 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 1221 keine Unterstützung für Helligkeit, Kontrast, Gamma |
21725
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|
1222 </para></listitem> |
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|
1223 </itemizedlist> |
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|
1224 |
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|
1225 <para> |
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|
1226 Du kannst diese Tasten im caca-Fenster benutzen, um die Render-Optionen |
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|
1227 zu beeinflussen: |
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|
1228 </para> |
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|
1229 |
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|
1230 <informaltable> |
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|
1231 <tgroup cols="2"> |
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|
1232 <thead> |
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|
1233 <row><entry>Taste</entry><entry>Aktion</entry></row> |
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|
1234 </thead> |
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|
1235 <tbody> |
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|
1236 <row><entry><keycap>d</keycap></entry><entry> |
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|
1237 zwischen den Dithering-Methoden von |
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|
1238 <systemitem class="library">libcaca</systemitem> umschalten. |
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|
1239 </entry></row> |
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|
1240 <row><entry><keycap>a</keycap></entry><entry> |
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|
1241 zwischen dem Antialiasing von <systemitem class="library">libcaca</systemitem> |
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|
1242 umschalten. |
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|
1243 </entry></row> |
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|
1244 <row><entry><keycap>b</keycap></entry><entry> |
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|
1245 zwischen dem Hintergrund <systemitem class="library">libcaca</systemitem> |
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|
1246 umschalten. |
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diff
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|
1247 </entry></row> |
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|
1248 </tbody> |
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|
1249 </tgroup> |
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|
1250 </informaltable> |
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|
1251 |
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|
1252 <variablelist> |
18649 | 1253 <title><systemitem class="library">libcaca</systemitem> sucht auch nach |
18568
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diff
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|
1254 bestimmten Umgebungsvariablen:</title> |
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diff
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|
1255 <varlistentry> |
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|
1256 <term><option>CACA_DRIVER</option></term> |
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Massive <simpara> -> <para>, as no <simpara>'s are actually needed.
torinthiel
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diff
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|
1257 <listitem><para> |
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|
1258 Setze den empfohlenen caca-Treiber. z.B. ncurses, slang, x11. |
21725
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diff
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|
1259 </para></listitem> |
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|
1260 </varlistentry> |
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|
1261 <varlistentry> |
19816 | 1262 <term><option>CACA_GEOMETRY (nur bei X11)</option></term> |
21725
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Massive <simpara> -> <para>, as no <simpara>'s are actually needed.
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diff
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|
1263 <listitem><para> |
19816 | 1264 Spezifiziere die Anzahl der Spalten und Zeilen, z.B. 128x50. |
21725
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Massive <simpara> -> <para>, as no <simpara>'s are actually needed.
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diff
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|
1265 </para></listitem> |
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|
1266 </varlistentry> |
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|
1267 <varlistentry> |
19816 | 1268 <term><option>CACA_FONT (nur bei X11)</option></term> |
21725
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Massive <simpara> -> <para>, as no <simpara>'s are actually needed.
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diff
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|
1269 <listitem><para> |
19816 | 1270 Legt die zu verwendende Schrift fest, z.B. fixed, nexus. |
21725
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Massive <simpara> -> <para>, as no <simpara>'s are actually needed.
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20923
diff
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|
1271 </para></listitem> |
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|
1272 </varlistentry> |
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|
1273 </variablelist> |
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diff
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|
1274 |
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diff
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|
1275 <para> |
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diff
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|
1276 Nimm die Option <option>-framedrop</option>, wenn dein Rechner nicht schnell |
20515 | 1277 genug für die Darstellung aller Frames ist. |
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|
1278 </para> |
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|
1279 |
24622 | 1280 </sect1> |
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|
1281 |
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|
1282 |
24622 | 1283 <sect1 id="vesa"> |
20515 | 1284 <title>VESA-Ausgabe über das VESA-BIOS</title> |
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|
1285 |
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changeset
|
1286 <para> |
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diff
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|
1287 Dieser Treiber ist vom Design her ein <emphasis role="bold">generischer Treiber</emphasis> |
20515 | 1288 für alle Grafikkarten, deren Bios VESA VBE 2.0 unterstützt. Ein weiterer |
18568
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diff
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|
1289 Vorteil dieses Treibers liegt darin, dass er versucht, den TV-Ausgang anzuschalten. |
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|
1290 <citetitle>VESA BIOS EXTENSION (VBE) Version 3.0 Date: September 16, 1998</citetitle> |
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kraymer
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diff
changeset
|
1291 (Seite 70) hat folgendes zu sagen: |
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changeset
|
1292 </para> |
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changeset
|
1293 |
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changeset
|
1294 <blockquote> |
20515 | 1295 <formalpara><title>Designs für zwei Controller</title> |
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|
1296 <para> |
20515 | 1297 VBE 3.0 unterstützt zwei Controller dadurch, dass angenommen wird, |
18568
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changeset
|
1298 dass beide Controller vom gleichen OEM (Hardwarehersteller) stammen und |
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
1299 unter Kontrolle desselben BIOS auf derselben Grafikkarte sitzen. Somit ist |
20515 | 1300 es möglich, die Tatsache, dass zwei Controller vorhanden sind, vor der |
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|
1301 Anwendung zu verbergen. Dies verhindert zwar, dass beide Controller |
20515 | 1302 unabhängig voneinander gesteuert werden, erlaubt andererseits aber, |
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|
1303 dass Anwendungen weiterhin problemlos funktionieren, die vor Erscheinen der |
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|
1304 VBE-3.0-Spezifikation geschrieben wurden. Die VBE-Funktion 00h (Auskunft |
20515 | 1305 über die Controller, Return Controller Information) gibt |
1306 dementsprechend die kombinierten Informationen über beide Controller | |
1307 zurück, was auch eine kombinierte Liste der vorhandenen Grafikmodi | |
1308 einschließt. Sobald eine Anwendung einen Grafikmodus wählt, wird | |
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1309 der entsprechende Controller aktiviert. Alle weiteren VBE-Funtkionen werden |
20515 | 1310 dann auf diesem Controller ausgeführt. |
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1311 </para> |
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|
1312 </formalpara> |
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|
1313 </blockquote> |
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|
1314 |
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|
1315 <para> |
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1316 Somit hast du also eine Chance, den TV-Ausgang mit diesem Treiber zum |
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1317 Laufen zu bringen. |
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1318 (Ich vermute, dass der TV-Ausgang normalerweise auf einer separaten |
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|
1319 Grafikkarte oder zumindest ein separater Ausgang ist.) |
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|
1320 </para> |
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|
1321 |
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1322 <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> |
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|
1323 <title>VORTEILE</title> |
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|
1324 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 1325 Du hast die Möglichkeit, selbst dann Filme anzusehen, wenn |
1326 <emphasis role="bold">Linux nichts von deiner Grafikhardware weiß</emphasis>. | |
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1327 </para></listitem> |
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|
1328 <listitem><para> |
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1329 Du musst keine einzige Grafikanwendung installiert haben (wie |
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1330 X11/XFree86, fbdev usw.). Dieser Treiber wird im |
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1331 <emphasis role="bold">Textmodus</emphasis> |
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1332 benutzt. |
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|
1333 </para></listitem> |
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1334 <listitem><para> |
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1335 Die Chancen stehen gut, dass der <emphasis role="bold">TV-Ausgang funktioniert</emphasis>. |
20515 | 1336 (Es läuft nachweislich zumindest auf ATI-Karten.) |
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1337 </para></listitem> |
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1338 <listitem><para> |
19816 | 1339 Dieser Treiber ruft die <function>int 10h</function>-Routine wirklich auf und ist |
18568
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1340 dementsprechend kein Emulator - er ruft <emphasis role="bold">echte</emphasis> |
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1341 Funktionen des <emphasis>echten</emphasis> BIOS im <emphasis>Real</emphasis>-Modus |
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1342 auf (bzw. im vm68-Modus). |
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1343 </para></listitem> |
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1344 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 1345 Du kannst den Treiber zusammen mit VIDIX verwenden und erhältst |
19816 | 1346 dadurch gleichzeitig eine hardwarebeschleunigte Grafikanzeige |
20515 | 1347 <emphasis role="bold">und</emphasis> den TV-Ausgang! (für ATI-Karten empfohlen) |
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1348 </para></listitem> |
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1349 <listitem><para> |
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1350 Wenn du ein VESA-VBE-3.0+-BIOS hast und irgendwo die Optionen |
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1351 <option>monitor-hfreq</option>, <option>monitor-vfreq</option>, |
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|
1352 <option>monitor-dotclock</option> angegeben werden (Kommandozeile, |
20515 | 1353 Konfigurationsdatei), dann bekommst du die höchstmögliche |
18568
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1354 Bildwiederholrate (mit den generischen Timingformeln). Um dieses Feature |
20515 | 1355 zu aktivieren, müssen <emphasis role="bold">alle</emphasis> |
18568
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|
1356 Monitoroptionen angegeben werden. |
21725
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|
1357 </para></listitem> |
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|
1358 </itemizedlist> |
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|
1359 |
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|
1360 <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> |
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|
1361 <title>NACHTEILE</title> |
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1362 <listitem><para> |
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|
1363 Der Treiber funtkioniert nur auf <emphasis role="bold">x86-Systemen</emphasis>. |
21725
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1364 </para></listitem> |
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|
1365 <listitem><para> |
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|
1366 Er kann nur von <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> benutzt werden. |
21725
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|
1367 </para></listitem> |
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|
1368 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 1369 Momentan ist er nur für <emphasis role="bold">Linux</emphasis> verfügbar. |
21725
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|
1370 </para></listitem> |
18568
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|
1371 </itemizedlist> |
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|
1372 |
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|
1373 <important> |
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|
1374 <para> |
18649 | 1375 Benutze diesen Treiber nicht mit <emphasis role="bold">GCC 2.96</emphasis>! |
18568
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|
1376 Das wird nicht funktionieren! |
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|
1377 </para> |
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|
1378 </important> |
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|
1379 |
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|
1380 <variablelist> |
20515 | 1381 <title>BEI VESA VERFÜGBARE KOMMANDOZEILENOPTIONEN</title> |
18568
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|
1382 <varlistentry> |
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|
1383 <term><option>-vo vesa:<replaceable>opts</replaceable></option></term> |
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|
1384 <listitem><para> |
19816 | 1385 Momentan erkannt: <literal>dga</literal>, um den DGA-Modus zu erzwingen |
18568
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|
1386 und <literal>nodga</literal>, um ihn zu deaktivieren. Im DGA-Modus kannst du den |
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diff
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|
1387 Doppelpuffermodus mit <option>-double</option> aktivieren. Anmerkung: Du |
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|
1388 kannst diese Parameter auch weglassen, um die <emphasis role="bold">automatische |
20515 | 1389 Erkennung</emphasis> des DGA-Modus zu ermöglichen. |
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|
1390 </para></listitem> |
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|
1391 </varlistentry> |
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|
1392 </variablelist> |
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|
1393 |
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|
1394 <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> |
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|
1395 <title>BEKANNTE PROBLEME UND WIE MAN SIE UMGEHT</title> |
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|
1396 <listitem><para> |
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diff
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|
1397 Wenn du unter Linux eine <emphasis role="bold">NLS</emphasis>-Schrift |
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|
1398 verwendest und du den VESA-Treiber aus dem Textmodus heraus aufrufst, |
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|
1399 dann wird nach dem Beenden von <application>MPlayer</application> die |
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|
1400 <emphasis role="bold">ROM-Schrift</emphasis> anstelle der nationalen |
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diff
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|
1401 geladen sein. Du kannst die nationale Schriftart erneut mit |
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|
1402 <command>setsysfont</command> laden, das z.B. bei Mandrake zur |
20515 | 1403 Distribution gehört. (<emphasis role="bold">Tip:</emphasis> Das |
1404 gleiche Tool wird für die Lokalisation von fbdev verwendet.) | |
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|
1405 </para></listitem> |
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|
1406 <listitem><para> |
18649 | 1407 Manche <emphasis role="bold">Linux-Grafiktreiber</emphasis> aktualisieren |
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|
1408 nicht den aktiven <emphasis role="bold">BIOS-Modus</emphasis> im DOS-Speicher. |
19816 | 1409 Wenn du also so ein Problem hast, dann verwende den VESA-Treiber nur aus dem |
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|
1410 <emphasis role="bold">Textmodus</emphasis> heraus. Andernfalls |
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|
1411 wird immer der Textmodus (#03) aktiviert werden, und du wirst den |
20515 | 1412 Computer neustarten müssen. |
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|
1413 </para></listitem> |
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|
1414 <listitem><para> |
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|
1415 Oftmals siehst du nur einen <emphasis role="bold">schwarzen Bildschirm</emphasis>, |
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|
1416 wenn der VESA-Treiber beendet wird. Um die Anzeige wieder in den richtigen Zustand |
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|
1417 zu versetzen, wechsele einfach zu einer anderen Console (mit |
24611 | 1418 <keycombo><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>F<x></keycap></keycombo>) und wieder zurück. |
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|
1419 </para></listitem> |
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|
1420 <listitem><para> |
19816 | 1421 Um eine <emphasis role="bold">funktionierende TV-Ausgabe</emphasis> zu erhalten, |
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|
1422 musst du das TV-Kabel eingesteckt haben, bevor du deinen PC bootest, da das BIOS |
20515 | 1423 nur einmal während der POST-Phase initialisiert wird. |
21725
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|
1424 </para></listitem> |
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|
1425 </itemizedlist> |
24622 | 1426 </sect1> |
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|
1427 |
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1428 |
24622 | 1429 <sect1 id="x11"> |
18568
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|
1430 <title>X11</title> |
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|
1431 |
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|
1432 <para> |
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diff
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|
1433 Vermeide diesen Treiber, wenn's geht. Er benutzt X11 (mit den Shared- |
20515 | 1434 Memory-Erweiterungen) ohne jegliche Hardwarebeschleunigung. Unterstützt |
18568
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|
1435 MMX-/3DNow/SSE-beschleunigte Softwareskalierung mit den Optionen |
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diff
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|
1436 <option>-fs -zoom</option>, aber die ist trotzdem langsam. Die meisten |
20515 | 1437 Karten bieten Unterstützung für Hardwareskalierung. Benutze also |
1438 <option>-vo xv</option> in den meisten Fällen bzw. <option>-vo xmga</option> | |
18568
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diff
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|
1439 bei Matrox-Karten. |
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diff
changeset
|
1440 </para> |
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diff
changeset
|
1441 |
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diff
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|
1442 <para> |
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diff
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|
1443 Ein Problem liegt darin, dass die meisten Grafikkartentreiber |
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diff
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|
1444 Hardwarebeschleunigung nicht beim zweiten Ausgang/beim TV-Ausgang |
20515 | 1445 unterstützen. In diesen Fällen siehst du nur ein grünes/blaues |
18568
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|
1446 Fenster anstelle des Films. Hier ist der X11-Treiber ganz praktisch, aber du |
20515 | 1447 brauchst trotzdem eine schnelle CPU für die Softwareskalierung. Benutze |
18568
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|
1448 nicht den SDL-Ausgabetreiber und SDLs Skalierer, da dieser eine schlechtere |
20515 | 1449 Qualität bietet! |
18568
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|
1450 </para> |
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|
1451 |
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1452 <para> |
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1453 Softwareskalierung ist sehr langsam. Versuch also besser, vorher in einen |
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1454 anderen Videomodus zu schalten. Das ist sehr einfach. Such die |
20515 | 1455 <link linkend="dga-modelines">Modelines in der DGA-Sektion</link> und füge sie |
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1456 in deine <filename>XF86Config</filename> ein. |
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1457 |
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1458 <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> |
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1459 <listitem><para> |
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1460 Wenn du XFree86 4.x.x hast, dann benutze die Option <option>-vm</option>. |
20515 | 1461 MPlayer wird dann die Auflösung in diejenige ändern, |
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1462 in die dein Film am besten hineinpasst. Wenn das nicht funktioniert: |
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1463 </para></listitem> |
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1464 <listitem><para> |
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1465 Unter XFree86 3.x.x musst du mit |
24611 | 1466 <keycombo><keycap>Strg</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>Keypad +</keycap></keycombo> |
18568
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1467 und |
24611 | 1468 <keycombo><keycap>Strg</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>Keypad -</keycap></keycombo> |
20515 | 1469 die Auflösung ändern. |
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1470 </para></listitem> |
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1471 </itemizedlist> |
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1472 </para> |
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1473 |
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1474 <para> |
20515 | 1475 Wenn du die soeben eingefügten Modi nicht wiederfindest, dann schau |
1476 dir die Ausgabe von XFree86 an. Einige Treiber können nicht die | |
1477 niedrigen Pixelclock-Werte benutzen, die für niedrige Auflösungen | |
1478 vonnöten sind. | |
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1479 </para> |
24622 | 1480 </sect1> |
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1481 |
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1482 |
24622 | 1483 <sect1 id="vidix"> |
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1484 <title>VIDIX</title> |
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1485 |
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1486 <formalpara> |
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1487 <title>EINLEITUNG</title> |
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1488 <para> |
20515 | 1489 <acronym>VIDIX</acronym> ist die Abkürzung für <emphasis role="bold">VID</emphasis>eo |
1490 <emphasis role="bold">I</emphasis>nterface für | |
1491 *ni<emphasis role="bold">X</emphasis> (Video-Schnittstelle für *n*x). | |
1492 VIDIX wurde entworfen, um eine Schnittstelle für schnelle Userspacetreiber für | |
1493 Grafikkarten zur Verfügung zu stellen, so wie es mga_vid für | |
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1494 Matrox-Karten tut. VIDIX ist ebenfalls sehr portabel. |
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1495 </para> |
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1496 </formalpara> |
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1497 <para> |
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1498 Diese Schnittstelle wurde als Versuch entworfen, den vorhandenen |
20515 | 1499 Schnittstellen für Videobeschleunigung (mga_vid, rage128_vid, |
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1500 radeon_vid, pm3_vid) ein einheitliches Dach zu geben. Sie stellt einen |
20515 | 1501 einheitlichen Highlevel-Zugang zu BES- und OV-Chips zur Verfügung |
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1502 (BackEnd Scaler und Video Overlays). Sie stellt keine Lowlevel-Funktionen |
24231 | 1503 für z.B. Grafikserver zur Verfügung. (Ich möchte nicht mit den |
18649 | 1504 X11-Leuten in Sachen Grafikmodusumschaltung konkurrieren.) Das Ziel dieser |
20515 | 1505 Schnittstelle liegt also einfach darin, die höchstmögliche |
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1506 Geschwindigkeit bei der Videowiedergabe zu erreichen. |
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1507 </para> |
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1508 |
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1509 <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> |
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1510 <title>VERWENDUNG</title> |
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1511 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 1512 Du kannst den eigenständigen Videotreiber benutzen: |
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1513 <option>-vo vidix</option> |
20515 | 1514 Dieser Treiber wurde als das X11-Frontend für die VIDIX-Technologie |
1515 entwickelt. Er benötigt dementsprechend einen X-Server und | |
18649 | 1516 funktioniert auch nur unter X. Beachte, dass der Pixmap-Cache korrumpiert |
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1517 werden kann, weil der Treiber unter Umgehung des X-Treibers direkt auf |
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1518 die Hardware zugreift. Du kannst das dadurch verhindern, dass du die von |
20515 | 1519 X verwendete Menge des Grafikspeichers verringerst. Benutze dafür |
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1520 die Option "VideoRam" in der "device"-Sektion der |
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1521 <filename>XF86Config</filename>. Du solltest da die installierte Menge |
20515 | 1522 Grafikspeicher minus 4MB eintragen. Wenn du über weniger als 8MB |
1523 Grafikspeicher verfügst, dann solltest du stattdessen die Option | |
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1524 "XaaNoPixmapCache" in der "screen"-Sektion verwenden. |
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1525 </para></listitem> |
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1526 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 1527 Es gibt einen VIDIX-Treiber für die Konsole: <option>-vo cvidix</option>. |
1528 Dieser benötigt für die meisten Karten einen funktionierenden und | |
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1529 initialisierten Framebuffer (oder du wirst stattdessen den Bildschirm |
20515 | 1530 in Unordnung bringen) und wirst einen Effekt ähnlich wie mit |
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1531 <option>-vo mga</option> oder <option>-vo fbdev</option> bekommen. |
18649 | 1532 nVidia-Karten sind dagegen in der Lage, wirklich grafisches Video |
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1533 auf einer echten Text-Konsole auszugeben. Im Abschnitt |
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1534 <link linkend="vidix-nvidia">nvidia_vid</link> wirst du mehr Informationen |
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1535 dazu finden. |
20624 | 1536 Um Text an den Rändern und den blinkenden Cursor loszuwerden, |
1537 probiere etwas wie den folgenden Befehl: | |
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1538 </para> |
20624 | 1539 <screen>setterm -cursor off > /dev/tty9</screen> |
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1540 <para> |
20624 | 1541 (welcher davon ausgeht, dass <systemitem>tty9</systemitem> bis dahin ungenutzt ist). |
1542 Wechsle dann zu <systemitem>tty9</systemitem>. | |
1543 Andererseits sollte dir <option>-colorkey 0</option> ein Video liefern, das | |
1544 im "Hintergrund" läuft; das hängt jedoch davon ab, dass die colorkey-Funktionalität | |
1545 korrekt funktioniert. | |
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1546 </para></listitem> |
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1547 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 1548 Du kannst auch das VIDIX-Untergerät verwenden, das bei vielen |
1549 Treibern zur Verfügung steht: | |
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1550 <option>-vo vesa:vidix</option> (<emphasis role="bold">nur unter Linux</emphasis>) |
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1551 und <option>-vo fbdev:vidix</option> |
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1552 </para></listitem> |
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1553 </itemizedlist> |
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1554 |
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1555 <para> |
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1556 Es ist in der Tat nicht wichtig, welcher Videoausgabetreiber mit |
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1557 <emphasis role="bold">VIDIX</emphasis> verwendet wird. |
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1558 </para> |
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1559 |
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1560 <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> |
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1561 <title>ANFORDERUNGEN</title> |
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1562 <listitem><para> |
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1563 Die Grafikkarte sollte sich gerade im Grafikmodus befinden (ausser |
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1564 nVidia-Karten mit den <option>-vo cvidix</option> Ausgabe-Treibern). |
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1565 </para></listitem> |
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1566 <listitem><para> |
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1567 <application>MPlayer</application>s Videoausgabetreiber sollte den |
20515 | 1568 aktiven Videomodus kennen und in der Lage sein, dem VIDIX-Untergerät |
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1569 ein paar Charakteristika des X-Servers mitzuteilen. |
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1570 </para></listitem> |
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1571 </itemizedlist> |
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1572 |
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1573 <formalpara> |
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1574 <title>BEDIENUNGSMETHODEN</title> |
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1575 <para> |
20515 | 1576 Wenn VIDIX als <emphasis role="bold">Subgerät</emphasis> |
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1577 (<option>-vo vesa:vidix</option>) benutzt wird, dann wird die Konfiguration |
20515 | 1578 des Videomodus vom Videoausgabegerät erledigt (kurz |
1579 <emphasis role="bold">vo_server</emphasis>). Deswegen kannst du für | |
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1580 <application>MPlayer</application> die gleichen Kommandozeilenparameter wie |
20515 | 1581 für vo_server verwenden. |
1582 Zusätzlich ist die Option <option>-double</option> als global sichtbarer | |
1583 Parameter verfügbar. (Ich empfehle diese Option zumindest bei VIDIX und | |
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|
1584 ATI-Karten.) <option>-vo xvidix</option> erkennt momentan die folgenden |
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1585 Optionen: <option>-fs -zoom -x -y -double</option>. |
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1586 </para> |
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1587 </formalpara> |
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1588 <para> |
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1589 Du kannst den VIDIX-Treiber auch direkt als drittes Teilargument auf der |
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1590 Kommandozeile angeben: |
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1591 |
18649 | 1592 <screen>mplayer -vo xvidix:mga_vid.so -fs -zoom -double <replaceable>Datei.avi</replaceable></screen> |
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1593 oder |
18649 | 1594 <screen>mplayer -vo vesa:vidix:radeon_vid.so -fs -zoom -double -bpp 32 <replaceable>Datei.avi</replaceable></screen> |
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1595 |
20515 | 1596 Das ist allerdings gefährlich, und du solltest das lieber nicht tun. |
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1597 Hierbei wird die Verwendung des angegebenen Treibers erzwungen, und das |
20515 | 1598 Resultat ist unklar (dein Computer könnte sogar |
1599 <emphasis role="bold">abstürzen</emphasis>). | |
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1600 Du solltest das wirklich NUR DANN tun, wenn du absolut sicher bist, dass es |
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1601 funktioniert und <application>MPlayer</application> es nicht eh schon |
20515 | 1602 automatisch auswählt. |
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1603 Berichte den Entwicklern von deinen Erfahrungen. Die korrekte Art, VIDIX zu |
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1604 benutzen, ist ohne das dritte Teilargument, sodass <application>MPlayer</application> |
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1605 automatisch den richtigen Treiber aussucht. |
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1606 </para> |
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1607 |
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1608 <para> |
20515 | 1609 Da VIDIX direkten Zugriff auf die Hardware benötigt, musst du |
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1610 <application>MPlayer</application> entweder als |
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1611 <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> starten oder der |
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1612 Programmdatei das SUID-Bit setzen (<emphasis role="bold">WARNUNG: |
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1613 Das ist ein Sicherheitsrisiko!</emphasis>). |
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1614 Alternativ kannst du auch spezielle Kernelmodule benutzen: |
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1615 </para> |
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1616 |
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1617 <procedure> |
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1618 <step><para> |
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1619 Lade dir die |
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1620 <ulink url="http://www.arava.co.il/matan/svgalib/">Entwicklerversion</ulink> |
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1621 der svgalib herunter (z.B. 1.9.17), |
20515 | 1622 <emphasis role="bold">ODER</emphasis> lade dir eine von Alex speziell für |
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1623 die Benutzung mit <application>MPlayer</application> modifizierte Version |
20515 | 1624 (die nicht die svgalib-Sourcen zum Compilieren benötigt) |
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1625 <ulink url="http://www.mplayerhq.hu/MPlayer/contrib/svgalib/svgalib_helper-1.9.17-mplayer.tar.bz2">hier</ulink> |
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1626 herunter. |
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1627 </para></step> |
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1628 <step><para> |
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1629 Compiliere das Modul im <filename class="directory">svgalib_helper</filename>-Verzeichnis |
19816 | 1630 (das im Verzeichnis <filename class="directory">svgalib-1.9.17/kernel/</filename> |
18649 | 1631 gefunden werden kann, wenn du die Sourcen von der svgalib-Seite heruntergeladen hast), |
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1632 und lade es mit insmod. |
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1633 </para></step> |
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1634 <step><para> |
20515 | 1635 Um die entsprechenden Geräte im <filename class="directory">/dev</filename>-Verzeichnis |
1636 zu erstellen, führe ein <screen>make device</screen> im Verzeichnis | |
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1637 <filename class="directory">svgalib_helper</filename> als |
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1638 <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> aus. |
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1639 </para></step> |
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1640 <step><para> |
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1641 Verschiebe das Verzeichnis <filename class="directory">svgalib_helper</filename> |
24623 | 1642 in das <filename class="directory">vidix</filename>-Unterverzeichnis des |
1643 <application>MPlayer</application>-Quellbaums. | |
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1644 </para></step> |
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1645 <step><para> |
24619
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1646 Entferne den Kommentar vor der CFLAGS-Zeile, die "svgalib_helper" enthält |
24623 | 1647 aus <filename class="directory">vidix/Makefile</filename>. |
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1648 </para></step> |
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1649 <step><para> |
24623 | 1650 Compiliere erneut. |
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1651 </para></step> |
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1652 </procedure> |
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1653 |
24622 | 1654 <sect2 id="vidix-ati"> |
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1655 <title>ATI-Karten</title> |
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1656 <para> |
20515 | 1657 Momentan werden die meisten ATI-Karten unterstützt, von der Mach64 |
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1658 bis hin zur neuesten Radeon. |
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1659 </para> |
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1660 |
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1661 <para> |
20515 | 1662 Es gibt zwei compilierte Binaries: <filename>radeon_vid</filename> für Radeons |
1663 und <filename>rage128_vid</filename> für Rage128-Karten. Du kannst entweder eine | |
1664 der beiden erzwingen oder das VIDIX-System automatisch alle verfügbaren | |
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1665 Treiber ausprobieren lassen. |
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1666 </para> |
24622 | 1667 </sect2> |
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1668 |
24622 | 1669 <sect2 id="vidix-mga"> |
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1670 <title>Matrox-Karten</title> |
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1671 <para> |
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1672 Matrox G200, G400, G450 und G550 sollen funktionieren. |
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1673 </para> |
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1674 |
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1675 <para> |
20515 | 1676 Der Treiber unterstützt Videoequalizer und sollte fast genauso schnell |
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1677 wie der <link linkend="mga_vid">Matrox-Framebuffer</link> sein. |
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1678 </para> |
24622 | 1679 </sect2> |
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1680 |
24622 | 1681 <sect2 id="vidix-trident"> |
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1682 <title>Trident-Karten</title> |
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1683 <para> |
20515 | 1684 Es gibt einen Treiber für den Trident Cyberblade/i1-Chipsatz, der auf |
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1685 VIA Epia-Mainboards eingesetzt wird. |
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1686 </para> |
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1687 |
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1688 <para> |
20861 | 1689 Der Treiber wurde geschrieben und wird weiterentwickelt von |
1690 <ulink url="http://www.blackfiveservices.co.uk/EPIAVidix.shtml">Alastair M. Robinson</ulink>. | |
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1691 </para> |
24622 | 1692 </sect2> |
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1693 |
24622 | 1694 <sect2 id="vidix-3dlabs"> |
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1695 <title>3DLabs-Karten</title> |
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1696 <para> |
20515 | 1697 Auch wenn es einen Treiber für 3DLabs GLINT R3-Chips und Permedia3-Chips |
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1698 gibt, so hat noch niemand diese getestet. Feedback wird deswegen gern gesehen. |
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1699 </para> |
24622 | 1700 </sect2> |
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1701 |
24622 | 1702 <sect2 id="vidix-nvidia"> |
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1703 <title>nVidia-Karten</title> |
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1704 |
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1705 <para> |
20515 | 1706 Ein einmaliges Feature des nvidia_vid-Treibers ist seine Fähigkeit, Video auf |
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1707 <emphasis role="bold">einfacher, purer Textkonsole</emphasis> darzustellen - ohne |
20515 | 1708 Framebuffer oder X magic oder was auch immer. Zu diesem Zweck müssen wir |
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1709 die <option>cvidix</option>-Videoausgabe verwenden, wie folgendes Beispiel zeigt: |
19117 | 1710 <screen>mplayer -vo cvidix <replaceable>example.avi</replaceable></screen> |
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1711 </para> |
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1712 |
24622 | 1713 </sect2> |
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1714 |
24622 | 1715 <sect2 id="vidix-sis"> |
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1716 <title>SiS-Karten</title> |
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1717 <para> |
20515 | 1718 Dies ist ein sehr experimenteller Code, ähnlich nvidia_vid. |
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1719 </para> |
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1720 |
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1721 <para> |
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1722 Er wurde auf SiS 650/651/740 getestet (die verbreitetsten Chipsets in den |
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1723 SiS-Versionen der Boxen von "Shuttle XPC"-Barebones) |
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1724 </para> |
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1725 |
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1726 <para> |
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1727 Berichte erwartet! |
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1728 </para> |
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1729 </sect2> |
24622 | 1730 </sect1> |
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1731 |
24622 | 1732 <sect1 id="directfb"> |
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1733 <title>DirectFB</title> |
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1734 <blockquote><para> |
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1735 "DirectFB ist eine Grafikbibliothek, deren Zielplattform eingebettete |
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1736 Systeme sind. Sie bietet maximale Hardwarebeschleunigung bei minimalem |
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1737 Ressourcenverbrauch und minimalem Overhead." - Zitat von |
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1738 <ulink url="http://www.directfb.org"/>. |
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1739 </para></blockquote> |
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1740 |
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1741 <para> |
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1742 Ich lasse die DirectFB-Features in dieser Sektion weg. |
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1743 </para> |
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1744 |
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1745 <para> |
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1746 Obwohl <application>MPlayer</application> nicht als "Videoprovider" |
20515 | 1747 bei DirectFB unterstützt wird, bietet dieser Treiber Videowiedergabe mittels |
1748 DirectFB. Die Wiedergabe ist - natürlich - hardwarebeschleunigt. Bei | |
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1749 meiner Matrox G400 war der DirectFB genauso schnell wie XVideo. |
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1750 </para> |
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1751 |
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1752 <para> |
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1753 Versuche immer die neueste Version von DirectFB zu verwenden. Du kannst |
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1754 DirectFB-Optionen mit der <option>-dfbopts</option>-Option auf der Kommandozeile |
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1755 angeben. Layer-Auswahl erfolgt durch Angabe als Teilargument, z.B. mit |
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1756 <option>-vo directfb:2</option> (Layer -1 ist der Standardwert: automatische |
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1757 Layerauswahl). |
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1758 </para> |
24622 | 1759 </sect1> |
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1760 |
24622 | 1761 <sect1 id="dfbmga"> |
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1762 <title>DirectFB/Matrox (dfbmga)</title> |
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1763 <para> |
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1764 Bitte lies die |
19816 | 1765 <link linkend="directfb">DirectFB-Sektion</link> zu generellen |
20515 | 1766 Informationen über DiretcFB. |
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1767 </para> |
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1768 |
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1769 <para> |
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1770 Dieser Videoausgabetreiber wird auf einer Matrox G400/G450/G550-Karten |
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1771 den CRTC2 (des zweiten Ausgangs) aktivieren und damit das Video |
20515 | 1772 <emphasis role="bold">unabhängig</emphasis> vom primären Ausgang anzeigen. |
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1773 </para> |
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1774 |
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1775 <para> |
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1776 Anweisungen, um dies zum Laufen zu bringen, stehen direkt in der |
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1777 <ulink url="http://www.sci.fi/~syrjala/directfb/matrox-tv-out-howto">HOWTO</ulink> |
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1778 oder der |
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1779 <ulink url="http://www.sci.fi/~syrjala/directfb/Matrox_TV-out_README.txt">README</ulink> |
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1780 auf der Homepage von Ville Syrjala. |
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1781 </para> |
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1782 |
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1783 <note><para> |
19816 | 1784 Die erste DirectFB-Version, mit der wir das zum Laufen gebracht haben, war |
20515 | 1785 0.9.17 (sie ist fehlerhaft, benötigt den <systemitem>surfacemanager</systemitem> von |
1786 oben erwähnter URL). Wie auch immer, eine Portierung des CRTC2-Codes für | |
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1787 <link linkend="mga_vid">mga_vid</link> ist bereits in Arbeit. |
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1788 <ulink url="../../tech/patches.txt">Patches</ulink> sind willkommen. |
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1789 </para></note> |
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1790 </sect1> |
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1791 |
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1792 <sect1 id="mpeg_decoders"> |
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1793 <title>MPEG-Dekoderkarten</title> |
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1794 |
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1795 <sect2 id="dvb"> |
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1796 <title>DVB-Output und -Input</title> |
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1797 <para> |
20515 | 1798 <application>MPlayer</application> unterstützt Karten mit dem Siemens-DVB-Chipsatz von |
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1799 Herstellern wie Siemens, Technotrend, Galaxis oder Hauppauge. Die neuesten |
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1800 DVB-Treiber gibt's auf der |
18649 | 1801 <ulink url="http://www.linuxtv.org">Linux TV-Seite</ulink>. Wenn du |
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1802 Transcodierung in Software machen willst, dann brauchst du eine CPU mit mindestens 1GHz. |
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1803 </para> |
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1804 |
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1805 <para> |
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1806 <filename>configure</filename> sollte automatisch deine DVB-Karte erkennen. Wenn |
20515 | 1807 es das nicht tut, dann erzwinge DVB-Unterstützung mit |
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1808 </para> |
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1809 |
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1810 <para><screen>./configure --enable-dvb</screen></para> |
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1811 |
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1812 <para> |
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1813 Wenn die ost-Headerdateien nicht an ihrem normalen Platz liegen, dann gib |
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1814 explizit den Pfad zu ihnen an mit: |
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1815 </para> |
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1816 |
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1817 <para> |
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1818 <screen>./configure --with-extraincdir=<replaceable>DVB-Source-Verzeichnis</replaceable>/ost/include |
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1819 </screen> |
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1820 </para> |
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1821 |
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1822 <para> |
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1823 Dann compiliere und installiere wie sonst auch. |
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1824 </para> |
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1825 |
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1826 <formalpara> |
24618 | 1827 <title>GEBRAUCH</title> |
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1828 <para> |
24618 | 1829 Hardwaredecodierung von Streams, die MPEG-1/2 Video und/oder MPEG-Audio enthalten, |
1830 geschieht mit diesem Kommando: | |
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1831 </para> |
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1832 </formalpara> |
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1833 |
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1834 <para> |
18649 | 1835 <screen>mplayer -ao mpegpes -vo mpegpes <replaceable>Datei.mpg|vob</replaceable> |
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1836 </screen> |
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1837 </para> |
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1838 |
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1839 <para> |
24618 | 1840 Decodierung jeder Art Videostream verlangt Transcodierung zu MPEG-1, daher ist |
1841 es langsam und den Ärger möglicherweise nicht wert, vor allem, wenn dein | |
1842 Computer langsam ist. | |
1843 Es kann folgenderweise gemacht werden: | |
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1844 </para> |
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1845 <para> |
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1846 <screen> |
18649 | 1847 mplayer -ao mpegpes -vo mpegpes <replaceable>DateieDatei.ext</replaceable> |
1848 mplayer -ao mpegpes -vo mpegpes -vf expand <replaceable>DateieDatei.ext</replaceable> | |
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1849 </screen> |
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1850 </para> |
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1851 |
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1852 <para> |
20515 | 1853 Beachte, dass DVB-Karten nur bestimmte Bildhöhen unterstützen: |
1854 288 und 576 für PAL und 240 und 480 für NTSC. Du | |
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1855 <emphasis role="bold">musst</emphasis> das Bild vorher skalieren, wenn |
20515 | 1856 die Höhe nicht einer der oben erwähnten entspricht: |
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1857 <option>-vf scale=width:height</option>. DVB-Karten |
20515 | 1858 unterstützen eine Vielzahl horizontaler Auflösungen wie z.B. |
19816 | 1859 720, 704, 640, 512, 480, 352 etc. Sie machen Hardwareskalierung in horizontaler |
1860 Richtung, sodass du meist nicht in horizontaler Richtung skalieren musst. | |
20515 | 1861 Bei einem 512x384-MPEG4 (DivX) (Verhältnis 4:3) kannst du folgendes probieren: |
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1862 </para> |
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1863 |
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1864 <para> |
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1865 <screen>mplayer -ao mpegpes -vo mpegpes -vf scale=512:576 |
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1866 </screen> |
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1867 </para> |
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1868 |
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1869 <para> |
19816 | 1870 Wenn du einen Breitwandfilm hast und du ihn nicht auf die volle |
20515 | 1871 Höhe skalieren möchtest, dann kannst du den <option>expand=w:h</option>-Filter |
1872 benutzen, um schwarze Balken hinzuzufügen. | |
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1873 Um ein 640x384-MPEG4 (DivX) anzuschauen: |
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1874 </para> |
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1875 |
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1876 <para> |
18649 | 1877 <screen>mplayer -ao mpegpes -vo mpegpes -vf expand=640:576 <replaceable>Datei.avi</replaceable> |
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1878 </screen> |
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1879 </para> |
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1880 |
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1881 <para> |
20515 | 1882 Wenn deine CPU für 720x576-MPEG4 (DivX) zu langsam ist, dann skaliere |
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1883 herunter: |
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1884 </para> |
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1885 |
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1886 <para> |
18649 | 1887 <screen>mplayer -ao mpegpes -vo mpegpes -vf scale=352:576 <replaceable>Datei.avi</replaceable> |
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1888 </screen> |
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1889 </para> |
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1890 |
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1891 <para> |
18649 | 1892 Wenn sich die Geschwindigkeit nicht verbessert, dann skaliere auch in |
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1893 vertikaler Richtung: |
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1894 </para> |
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1895 |
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1896 <para> |
18649 | 1897 <screen>mplayer -ao mpegpes -vo mpegpes -vf scale=352:288 <replaceable>Datei.avi</replaceable> |
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1898 </screen> |
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1899 </para> |
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1900 |
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1901 <para> |
20515 | 1902 Für ein OSD und Untertitel kannst du das OSD-Feature des expand- |
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1903 Filters benutzen. Anstelle von <option>expand=w:h</option> oder |
20515 | 1904 <option>expand=w:h:x:y</option> benutzt du dafür |
1905 <option>expand=w:h:x:y:1</option> (der fünfte Parameter <option>:1</option> | |
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1906 schaltet die OSD-Anzeige an). Eventuell willst du das Bild ein wenig nach |
20515 | 1907 oben schieben, um unten mehr Platz für die Untertitel zu haben. |
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1908 Vielleicht willst du auch die Untertitel hochschieben, wenn sie ansonsten |
20515 | 1909 außerhalb des sichtbaren Bereiches des Fernsehers liegen. Das kannst du mit |
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1910 <option>-subpos <0-100></option> erreichen, wobei |
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1911 <option>-subpos 80</option> meistens eine gute Wahl darstellt. |
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1912 </para> |
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1913 |
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1914 <para> |
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1915 Um Filme mit weniger/mehr als 25 Frames pro Sekunde auf einem |
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1916 PAL-Fernseher abzuspielen, oder wenn du eine langsame CPU hast, |
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1917 verwende die Option <option>-framedrop</option>. |
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1918 </para> |
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1919 |
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1920 <para> |
20515 | 1921 Um das Höhen-/Breitenverhältnis des MPEG-4 (DivX) beizubehalten und |
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1922 trotzdem die optimalen Skalierungsparameter zu verweden (Hardwareskalierung |
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|
1923 in horizontaler Richtung und Softwareskalierung in vertikaler Richtung unter |
20515 | 1924 Beibehaltung des richtigen Höhen-/Breitenverhältnisses), benutze |
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1925 den neuen dvbscale-Filter: |
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1926 </para> |
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1927 |
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1928 <para><screen> |
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1929 for a 4:3 TV: -vf dvbscale,scale=-1:0,expand=-1:576:-1:-1:1 |
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1930 for a 16:9 TV: -vf dvbscale=1024,scale=-1:0,expand=-1:576:-1:-1:1 |
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1931 </screen></para> |
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1932 |
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1933 <formalpara> |
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1934 <title>Digitales TV (DVB-Input-Modul)</title> |
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1935 <para> |
18649 | 1936 Du kannst deine DVB-Karte zum Ansehen digitalen TVs verwenden. |
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1937 </para> |
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1938 </formalpara> |
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1939 |
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1940 <para> |
18649 | 1941 Du solltest die Programme <command>scan</command> und |
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1942 <command>szap/tzap/czap/azap</command> installiert haben; sie sind alle |
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1943 im Treiberpaket enthalten. |
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1944 </para> |
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1945 |
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1946 <para> |
20515 | 1947 Überprüfe, ob die Treiber sauber mit dem Programm wie etwa |
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1948 <ulink url="http://sf.net/projects/dvbtools/"><command>dvbstream</command></ulink> |
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1949 arbeiten (das ist die Basis des DVB-Input-Moduls). |
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1950 </para> |
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1951 |
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1952 <para> |
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1953 Jetzt solltest du eine Datei <filename>~/.mplayer/channels.conf</filename> |
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1954 mit der von <command>szap/tzap/czap/azap</command> Syntax compilieren oder |
20515 | 1955 es von <command>scan</command> für dich compilieren lassen. |
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1956 </para> |
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1957 |
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1958 <para> |
18649 | 1959 Hast du mehr als einen Kartentyp (z.B. Satellit, Antenne, Kabel und ATSC), |
1960 kannst du deine Kanaldateien als | |
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1961 <filename>~/.mplayer/channels.conf.sat</filename>, |
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1962 <filename>~/.mplayer/channels.conf.ter</filename>, |
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1963 <filename>~/.mplayer/channels.conf.cbl</filename>, |
18649 | 1964 und <filename>~/.mplayer/channels.conf.atsc</filename> respektive |
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1965 speichern, um <application>MPlayer</application> unbedingt darauf |
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1966 hinzuweisen, eher diese Dateien zu verwenden als |
18649 | 1967 <filename>~/.mplayer/channels.conf</filename>, |
1968 und du musst angeben, welche Karte du verwendest. | |
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1969 </para> |
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1970 |
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1971 <para> |
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1972 Stelle sicher, dass du <emphasis>nur</emphasis> frei ausgestrahlte |
20515 | 1973 Kanäle in deiner Datei <filename>channels.conf</filename> hast, oder |
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1974 <application>MPlayer</application> wird auf eine unverschlüsselte |
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1975 Übertragung warten. |
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1976 </para> |
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1977 |
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1978 <para> |
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1979 In deinen Audio- und Videofeldern kannst du eine erweiterte Syntax |
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1980 anwenden: |
20515 | 1981 <option>...:pid[+pid]:...</option> (für ein Maximum von 6 pids bei |
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1982 jedem); in diesem Fall wird <application>MPlayer</application> |
20515 | 1983 alle gezeigten pids enbinden, plus pid 0 (welche das PAT enthält). |
1984 Binde ruhig in jede Spalte die PMT pid für den | |
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1985 korrespondierenden Kanal ein (falls du ihn kennst). |
24618 | 1986 Du kannst auch 8192 angeben; dies wird alle pids auf dieser Frequenz wählen, |
1987 und du kannst dann zwischen ihnen mit TAB wechseln. | |
1988 Das mag mehr Bandbreite benötigen, billige Karten übertragen jedoch | |
1989 alle Kanäle zumindest bis zum Kernel, daher macht es für diese keinen | |
1990 großen Unterschied. | |
20515 | 1991 Andere mögliche Anwendungen sind: televideo pid, zweiter Audio-Track, etc. |
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1992 </para> |
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1993 |
19706 | 1994 <para> |
20515 | 1995 Wenn sich <application>MPlayer</application> regelmäßig über |
19706 | 1996 <screen>Zu viele Audiopakete im Puffer</screen> beschwert oder |
1997 wenn du eine zunehmende Desynchronisation zwischen Ton und Video feststellst, | |
1998 versuche den MPEG-TS-Demuxer von libavformat zu verwenden, indem du | |
1999 <option>-demuxer lavf -lavfdopts probesize=128</option> | |
20515 | 2000 der Kommandozeile hinzufügst. |
19706 | 2001 </para> |
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2002 |
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2003 <para> |
20515 | 2004 Um den ersten der in deiner Liste vorhandenen Kanäle anzuzeigen, |
2005 führe folgendes aus | |
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2006 </para> |
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2007 |
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2008 <screen> |
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2009 mplayer dvb:// |
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2010 </screen> |
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2011 |
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2012 <para> |
18649 | 2013 Willst du einen bestimmten Kanal wie z.B. R1 ansehen, |
20515 | 2014 führe dies aus |
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2015 </para> |
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2016 |
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2017 <screen> |
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2018 mplayer dvb://R1 |
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2019 </screen> |
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2020 |
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2021 <para> |
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2022 Hast du mehr als eine Karte, musst du die Nummer der Karte, in der |
18649 | 2023 der Kanal zu sehen ist (z.B. 2), mit dieser Syntax angeben: |
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2024 </para> |
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2025 |
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2026 <screen> |
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2027 mplayer dvb://2@R1 |
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2028 </screen> |
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2029 |
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2030 <para> |
20515 | 2031 Um Kanäle zu wechseln, drücke die Tasten <keycap>h</keycap> (nächster) |
19827 | 2032 und <keycap>k</keycap> (vorheriger) oder verwende das |
20515 | 2033 <link linkend="osdmenu">OSD-Menü</link>. |
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2034 </para> |
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2035 |
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2036 <para> |
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2037 Wenn deine <filename>~/.mplayer/menu.conf</filename> einen Eintrag |
20515 | 2038 <literal><dvbsel></literal> enthält, wie der in der Beispieldatei |
2039 <filename>etc/dvb-menu.conf</filename> (die du zum Überschreiben der | |
2040 <filename>~/.mplayer/menu.conf</filename> nutzen kannst), wird das Hauptmenü | |
2041 einen Untermenüeintrag anzeigen, der dir die Wahl des Kanal-Presets in deiner | |
2042 <filename>channels.conf</filename> erlaubt, womöglich gefolgt von einem | |
2043 Menü mit der Liste der verfügbaren Karten, falls mehr als eine | |
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2044 von <application>MPlayer</application> genutzt werden kann. |
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2045 </para> |
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2046 |
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2047 <para> |
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2048 Willst du ein Programm auf die Festplatte speichern, nimm |
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2049 </para> |
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2050 |
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2051 <screen> |
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2052 mplayer -dumpfile r1.ts -dumpstream dvb://R1 |
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2053 </screen> |
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2054 |
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2055 <para> |
18649 | 2056 Willst du ihn statt dessen in einem anderen Format aufnehmen (ihn neu encodieren), |
20515 | 2057 kannst du einen Befehl wie diesen ausführen |
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2058 </para> |
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2059 |
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2060 <screen> |
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2061 mencoder -o r1.avi -ovc xvid -xvidencopts bitrate=800 -oac mp3lame -lameopts cbr:br=128 -pp=ci dvb://R1 |
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2062 </screen> |
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2063 |
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2064 <para> |
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2065 Lies dir in der Manpage eine Liste von Optionen durch, die du an das DVB-Input-Modul |
20515 | 2066 übergeben kannst. |
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2067 </para> |
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2068 |
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2069 <formalpara> |
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2070 <title>AUSBLICK</title> |
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2071 <para> |
20515 | 2072 Wenn du Fragen hast oder an der Diskussion über zukünftige |
18649 | 2073 Features teilnehmen willst, dann melde dich bei unserer |
19711 | 2074 <ulink url="http://lists.mplayerhq.hu/mailman/listinfo/mplayer-dvb">MPlayer-DVB</ulink> |
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2075 Mailingliste an. Denk bitte daran, dass dort Englisch gesprochen wird. |
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2076 </para> |
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2077 </formalpara> |
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2078 |
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2079 <para> |
20515 | 2080 Für die Zukunft kannst du mit der Möglichkeit, das OSD und die |
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2081 Untertitel mit den eingebauten Funktionen der DVB-Karten anzuzeigen, mit |
20515 | 2082 flüssigerer Wiedergabe von Filmen mit weniger/mehr als 25 Bildern pro |
18649 | 2083 Sekunde und mit Echtzeit-Transcodierung zwischen MPEG-2 und MPEG-4 (partielle |
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2084 Dekompression) rechnen. |
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2085 </para> |
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2086 </sect2> |
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2087 |
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2088 <sect2 id="dxr2"> |
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2089 <title>DXR2</title> |
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2090 <para> |
20515 | 2091 <application>MPlayer</application> unterstützt hardwarebeschleunigte |
18649 | 2092 Wiedergabe mit der Creative DXR2-Karte.</para> |
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2093 <para> |
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2094 Zuerst brauchst du einen richtig installierten DXR2-Treiber. Du kannst |
19816 | 2095 die Treiber und Installationshinweise im |
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2096 <ulink url="http://dxr2.sf.net/">DXR2 Resource Center</ulink> finden. |
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2097 </para> |
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2098 |
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2099 <variablelist> |
24618 | 2100 <title>GEBRAUCH</title> |
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2101 <varlistentry> |
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2102 <term><option>-vo dxr2</option></term> |
18649 | 2103 <listitem><para>Aktiviere TV-Ausgabe.</para></listitem> |
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2104 </varlistentry> |
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2105 |
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2106 <varlistentry> |
18649 | 2107 <term><option>-vo dxr2:x11</option> oder <option>-vo dxr2:xv</option></term> |
2108 <listitem><para>Aktiviere Overlay-Ausgabe unter X11.</para></listitem> | |
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2109 </varlistentry> |
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2110 |
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2111 <varlistentry> |
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2112 <term><option>-dxr2 <option1:option2:...></option></term> |
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2113 <listitem><para>Diese Option wird zur Kontrolle des DXR2-Treiber verwendet.</para></listitem> |
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2114 </varlistentry> |
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2115 </variablelist> |
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2116 |
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2117 <para> |
20515 | 2118 Der auf DXR2 genutzte Overlay-Chipset ist von sehr schlechter Qualität, |
18649 | 2119 die Standardeinstellungen sollten aber bei jedem funktionieren. |
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2120 Das OSD kann eventuell mit Overlay genutzt werden (nicht bei TV), |
18649 | 2121 indem es im colorkey eingetragen wird. Mit den Standardeinstellungen des |
20515 | 2122 colorkey bekommst du evtl. unterschiedliche Ergebnisse, gewöhnlich wirst du den |
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2123 colorkey rund um die Zeichen sehen oder einige anderen lustigen Effekte. |
18649 | 2124 Aber wenn du die colorkey-Einstellungen korrekt anpasst, solltest du in der |
19816 | 2125 Lage sein, akzeptable Resultate zu erzielen. |
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2126 </para> |
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2127 |
20515 | 2128 <para>Lies bitte in der Manpage über die vorhandenen Optionen.</para> |
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2129 </sect2> |
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2130 |
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2131 <sect2 id="dxr3"> |
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2132 <title>DXR3/Hollywood+</title> |
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2133 <para> |
20515 | 2134 <application>MPlayer</application> unterstützt die hardwarebeschleunigte |
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2135 Wiedergabe mit den Karten Creative DXR3 und Sigma Designs Hollywood Plus. |
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2136 Beide Karten basieren auf dem em8300-MPEG-Decoderchip von Sigma Designs. |
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2137 </para> |
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2138 |
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2139 <para> |
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2140 Als erstes brauchst du korrekt installierte DXR3/H+-Treiber, Version |
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2141 0.12.0 oder neuer. Diese Treiber und weitere Installationsanweisungen findest |
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2142 du auf der Seite |
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2143 <ulink url="http://dxr3.sf.net/">DXR3 & Hollywood Plus for Linux</ulink>. |
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2144 <filename>configure</filename> sollte die Karte automatisch |
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2145 finden. Die Compilierung sollte auch problemlos funktionieren. |
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2146 </para> |
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2147 |
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2148 <!-- FIXME: find a more clear presentation --> |
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2149 <variablelist> |
24618 | 2150 <title>GEBRAUCH</title> |
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2151 <varlistentry> |
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2152 <term><option>-vo dxr3:prebuf:sync:norm=x:<replaceable>device</replaceable></option></term> |
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2153 <listitem> |
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2154 <para> |
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2155 <option>overlay</option> aktiviert das Overlay anstelle des TV-Ausgangs. |
20515 | 2156 Dafür brauchst du ein korrekt konfiguriertes Overlaysetup. Am einfachsten |
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2157 konfigurierst du das Overlay mit dem Tool <filename>autocal</filename>. |
18649 | 2158 Starte danach <application>MPlayer</application> mit dxr3-Ausgabe und |
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2159 ohne Overlay anzuschalten. Starte <filename>dxr3view</filename>. Mit dxr3view |
20515 | 2160 kannst du die Overlay-Einstellungen verändern und siehst die |
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2161 Auswirkungen sofort. Eventuell wird dieses Feature irgendwann vom |
20515 | 2162 <application>MPlayer</application>-GUI unterstützt. Wenn du das Overlay richtig |
19816 | 2163 eingestellt hast, brauchst du dxr3view nicht mehr laufen zu lassen. |
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2164 </para> |
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2165 <para> |
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2166 <option>prebuf</option> schaltet Prebuffering ein. Das ist ein Feature des |
20515 | 2167 em8300-Chips, das es ihm ermöglicht, mehr als nur ein Bild |
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2168 gleichzeitig zu speichern. Das bedeutet, dass <application>MPlayer</application> |
20515 | 2169 in diesem Modus versucht, den Puffer ständig mit Daten gefüllt zu halten. |
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2170 Wenn du einen langsamen Rechner hast, dann wird <application>MPlayer</application> |
20515 | 2171 wahrscheinlich die meiste Zeit über knapp oder genau 100% der CPU-Zeit belegen. |
20923 | 2172 Das ist vor allem dann der Fall, wenn du echte MPEG-Streams (z.B. DVDs, SVCDs etc.) |
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2173 abspielst, da <application>MPlayer</application> nicht nach MPEG encodieren muss |
20515 | 2174 und den Puffer sehr schnell wird füllen können. |
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2175 </para> |
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2176 <para> |
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2177 Mit Prebuffering ist die Videowiedergabe <emphasis role="bold">viel</emphasis> |
20515 | 2178 weniger anfällig gegenüber anderen CPU-intensiven Programmen. Frames |
2179 werden nur dann verworfen, wenn eine andere Anwendung für eine | |
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2180 sehr lange Zeit die CPU belegt. |
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2181 </para> |
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2182 <para> |
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2183 Wenn kein Prebuffering verwendet wird, dann ist der em8300 viel |
20515 | 2184 anfälliger gegenüber CPU-Last. Somit wird dringend empfohlen, |
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2185 MPlayers <option>-framedrop</option>-Option zu verwenden, um die A/V-Sync |
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2186 zu erhalten. |
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2187 </para> |
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2188 <para> |
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2189 <option>sync</option> aktiviert die neue sync-Methode. Dieses Feature ist |
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2190 momentan noch experimentell. Bei dieser Methode beobachtet MPlayer |
20515 | 2191 ständig die interne Uhr des em8300-Chips. Weicht diese von |
2192 MPlayers Uhr ab, so wird die des em8300-Chips zurückgesetzt, | |
2193 sodass dieser alle Frames verwirft, die hinterherhängen. | |
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2194 </para> |
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2195 <para> |
20515 | 2196 <option>norm=x</option> setzt den TV-Standard der DXR3-Karte, ohne dafür |
2197 externe Programme wie em8300setup zu benötigen. | |
2198 Gültige Werte sind 5 = NTSC, 4 = PAL-60, 3 = PAL. Spezielle Standards | |
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2199 sind 2 (automatische Erkennung mit PAL/PAL-60) und 1 (automatische |
20515 | 2200 Erkennung für PAL/NTSC), da sie den Standard in Abhängigkeit |
2201 der FPS des Films setzen. norm = 0 (Standard) ändert | |
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2202 den momentan eingestellten TV-Standard nicht. |
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2203 </para> |
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2204 <para> |
20515 | 2205 <option><replaceable>device</replaceable></option> = Gerätenummer wählt die zu |
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2206 verwendene em8300-Karte, falls du mehrere davon hast. |
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2207 </para> |
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2208 <para> |
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2209 Jede dieser Optionen kann auch weggelassen werden. |
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2210 </para> |
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2211 <para> |
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2212 <option>:prebuf:sync</option> scheint sehr gut zu funktionieren, wenn du DivX |
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2213 abspielst. Es gab Berichte von Leuten, die Probleme mit <option>prebuf</option> |
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2214 bei der Wiedergabe von MPEG1/2-Dateien hatten. Du |
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2215 solltest es also zuerst ohne Optionen probieren. Wenn du Sync-Probleme |
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2216 hast, dann probier <option>:sync</option> aus. |
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2217 </para></listitem> |
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2218 </varlistentry> |
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2219 |
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2220 <varlistentry> |
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2221 <term><option>-ao oss:/dev/em8300_ma-<replaceable>X</replaceable></option></term> |
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2222 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 2223 Audioausgabe, wobei <replaceable>X</replaceable> die Gerätenummer ist |
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2224 (0 bei nur einer Karte). |
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2225 </para></listitem> |
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2226 </varlistentry> |
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2227 |
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2228 <varlistentry> |
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2229 <term><option>-af resample=<replaceable>xxxxx</replaceable></option></term> |
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2230 <listitem><para> |
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2231 Der em8300 kann keine Sampleraten niedriger als 44100Hz abspielen. |
20515 | 2232 Wenn die Samplerate weniger als 44100Hz beträgt, dann wähle |
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2233 44100Hz oder 48000Hz, je nachdem, welche davon besser passt. Beispiel: |
20515 | 2234 Wenn der Film 22050Hz benutzt, dann wähle 44100Hz, da 44100 / 2 = |
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2235 22050 ist. Bei 24000Hz nimmst du 48000Hz etc. Das funktioniert nicht mit |
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2236 der digitalen Audioausgabe (<option>-ac hwac3</option>). |
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2237 </para></listitem> |
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2238 </varlistentry> |
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2239 |
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2240 <varlistentry> |
20799 | 2241 <term><option>-vf lavc</option></term> |
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2242 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 2243 Wenn du Nicht-MPEG-Filme mit dem em8300 ansehen möchtest (z.B. |
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2244 DivX oder RealVideo), dann musst du einen MPEG1-Videofilter wie |
20799 | 2245 <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem> (lavc) verwenden. |
2246 Momentan gibt es keine | |
20515 | 2247 Möglichkeit, die Anzahl der Bilder pro Sekunde des em8300 zu setzen, |
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2248 was bedeutet, dass sie fest bei 29.97 liegt. Aus diesem Grund solltest du |
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2249 <option>-vf lavc=<replaceable>quality</replaceable>:25</option> verwenden, |
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2250 besonders dann, wenn du auch Prebuffering verwendest. Warum aber 25 |
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2251 und nicht 29.97? Tja, die Sache ist, dass das Bild bei 29.97 unruhig |
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2252 wird. Wir wissen leider nicht, warum das so ist. Wenn du Werte zwischen |
20515 | 2253 25 und 27 benutzt, dann wird das Bild stabil. Momentan können wir das |
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2254 nur als gegeben hinnehmen. |
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2255 </para></listitem> |
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2256 </varlistentry> |
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2257 |
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2258 <varlistentry> |
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2259 <term><option>-vf expand=-1:-1:-1:-1:1</option></term> |
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2260 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 2261 Obwohl der DXR3-Treiber ein OSD über das MPEG1-/2-/4-Video |
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2262 projezieren kann, ist es qualitativ deutlich schlechter als |
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2263 <application>MPlayer</application>s traditionelles OSD, und es hat |
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2264 diverse Probleme mit der Erneuerung der Anzeige. Der oben angegebene |
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2265 Befehl konvertiert das Video erst nach MPEG4 (das ist leider |
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2266 erforderlich) und wendet dann den expand-Filter an, der zwar das |
20515 | 2267 Bild nicht vergrößert (-1: = Standardwerte) aber dafür das normale |
24610
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2268 OSD auf das Bild stanzt (die "1" am Ende). |
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2269 </para></listitem> |
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2270 </varlistentry> |
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2271 |
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2272 <varlistentry> |
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2273 <term><option>-ac hwac3</option></term> |
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2274 <listitem><para> |
20515 | 2275 Der em8300 unterstützt die Audiowiedergabe von AC3-Streams |
2276 (Surroundsound) über den digitalen Ausgang der Karte. Schau oben bei | |
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2277 der Option <option>-ao oss</option> nach. Sie muss angegeben werden, um den |
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2278 DXR3-Ausgang anstelle der Soundkarte anzugeben. |
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2279 </para></listitem> |
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2280 </varlistentry> |
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2281 </variablelist> |
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2282 </sect2> |
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2283 |
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2284 </sect1> |
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2285 |
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2286 <sect1 id="other"> |
18649 | 2287 <title>Andere Visualisierungshardware</title> |
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2288 |
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2289 <sect2 id="zr"> |
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2290 <title>Zr</title> |
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2291 |
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2292 <para> |
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2293 Dieser Treiber ist ein Anzeigetreiber (<option>-vo zr</option>), der |
20515 | 2294 verschiedeene MJPEG-Aufnahme-/-Wiedergabekarten unterstützt. Getestet |
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2295 wurde er mit DC10+ und Buz, und er sollte auch mit der LML33 und der |
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2296 Original-DC10 funktionieren. Dieser Treiber encodiert jedes Bild nach JPEG |
20515 | 2297 und schickt es dann an die Karte. Für die Encodierung wird |
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2298 <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem> benutzt und |
20515 | 2299 dementsprechend auch benötigt. Mit dem speziellen |
2300 <emphasis>cinemara</emphasis>-Modus kannst du Filme auch tatsächlich im | |
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2301 Breitbildformat anschauen, wenn du zwei Beamer und zwei MJPEG-Karten hast. |
20515 | 2302 Abhängig von der Qualität und Auflösung braucht dieser Treiber |
18649 | 2303 eine Menge CPU-Power. Benutze also besser die Option <option>-framedrop</option>, |
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2304 wenn deine Maschine zu langsam ist. Anmerkung: Mein AMD K6-2 350MHz ist |
20515 | 2305 durchaus in der Lage, Filme in VCD-Größe mit <option>-framedrop</option> |
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2306 wiederzugeben. |
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2307 </para> |
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2308 |
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2309 <para> |
18649 | 2310 Dieser Treiber benutzt den Kerneltreiber, den du auf |
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2311 <ulink url="http://mjpeg.sf.net"/> |
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2312 herunterladen kannst. Dieser muss also vorher schon funktionieren. |
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2313 <filename>configure</filename> erkennt automatisch vorhandene MJPEG-Karten. Wenn |
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2314 nicht, dann erzwinge zr mit |
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2315 <screen>./configure --enable-zr</screen> |
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2316 </para> |
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2317 <para> |
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2318 Die Ausgabe kann mit diversen Optionen gesteuert werden. Eine |
20515 | 2319 vollständige Liste findest du in der Manpage. Eine kurze Auflistung gibt |
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2320 dir auch |
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2321 <screen>mplayer -zrhelp</screen> |
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2322 </para> |
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2323 |
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2324 <para> |
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2325 Sachen wie das OSD und Skalierung werden nicht von diesem Treiber |
20515 | 2326 erledigt, aber sie können natürlich durch Filter realisiert werden. |
2327 Beispiel: Angenommen, du hast einen Film mit einer Auflösung von | |
2328 512x272, und du möchtest ihn im Vollbild auf deiner DC10+ | |
2329 anschauen. Du hast dann drei Möglichkeiten: den Film auf eine Breite von | |
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2330 768, 384 oder 192 zu skalieren. Aus |
20515 | 2331 Geschwindigkeits- und Qualitätsgründen würde ich empfehlen, |
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2332 den Film auf 384x204 mit dem bilinearen Algorithmus zu |
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2333 skalieren. Die Kommandozeile sieht dazu wie folgt aus: |
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2334 <screen> |
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2335 mplayer -vo zr -sws 0 -vf scale=384:204 <replaceable>movie.avi</replaceable> |
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2336 </screen> |
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2337 </para> |
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2338 |
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2339 <para> |
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2340 Das Beschneiden des Bildes kann mit dem <option>crop</option>-Filter geschehen |
19816 | 2341 oder vom Treiber selbst vorgenommen werden. Angenommen, der Film ist zu breit |
20515 | 2342 für die Anzeige deiner Buz, und du möchtest <option>-zrcrop</option> |
19816 | 2343 benutzen, um den Film schmaler zu machen. Dann verwendest du folgendes |
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2344 Kommando: |
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2345 <screen> |
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2346 mplayer -vo zr -zrcrop 720x320+80+0 <replaceable>benhur.avi</replaceable> |
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2347 </screen> |
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2348 </para> |
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2349 |
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2350 <para> |
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2351 Mit dem <option>crop</option>-Filter sieht es so aus: |
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2352 <screen> |
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2353 mplayer -vo zr -vf crop=720:320:80:0 <replaceable>benhur.avi</replaceable> |
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2354 </screen> |
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2355 </para> |
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2356 |
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2357 <para> |
19816 | 2358 Mehrfache Anwendung von <option>-zrcrop</option> aktiviert den |
20515 | 2359 <emphasis>cinerama</emphasis>-Modus. Das heißt, du kannst das Bild über |
2360 mehrere Fernseher oder Beamer verteilen, um eine größere | |
2361 Anzeigefläche zu erreichen. Angenommen, du hast zwei Beamer. Der linke | |
2362 hängt an deiner Buz an <filename>/dev/video1</filename>, und der rechte | |
2363 hängt an deiner DC10+ an <filename>/dev/video0</filename>. Der Film hat eine | |
2364 Auflösung von 704x288. Nehmen wir weiter an, dass du den | |
2365 rechten Beamer schwarz/weiß betreiben möchtest, und dass du auf | |
2366 dem linken Beamer Bilder mit der Qualitätsstufe 10 haben | |
2367 möchtest. Dann benutzt du dafür das folgende Kommando: | |
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2368 <screen> |
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2369 mplayer -vo zr -zrdev /dev/video0 -zrcrop 352x288+352+0 -zrxdoff 0 -zrbw \ |
30990 | 2370 -zrcrop 352x288+0+0 -zrdev /dev/video1 -zrquality 10 \ |
2371 <replaceable>movie.avi</replaceable> | |
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2372 </screen> |
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2373 </para> |
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2374 |
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2375 <para> |
18649 | 2376 Wie du siehst, gelten die Optionen vor dem zweiten <option>-zrcrop</option> nur |
20515 | 2377 für die DC10+ und die Optionen nach dem zweiten <option>-zrcrop</option> nur |
2378 für die Buz. Die maximale Anzahl an MJPEG-Karten, die am | |
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2379 <emphasis>cinerama</emphasis>-Modus teilnehmen, liegt bei vier, sodass du dir |
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2380 eine 2x2-Videowand basteln kannst. |
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2381 </para> |
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2382 |
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2383 <para> |
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2384 Zuletzt ein wirklich wichtiger Hinweis: Starte oder beende auf keinen Fall |
20515 | 2385 XawTV während der Wiedergabe, da das deinen Computer zum Absturz bringen |
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2386 wird. Du kannst aber problemlos <emphasis role="bold">ZUERST</emphasis> XawTV, |
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2387 <emphasis role="bold">DANN</emphasis> <application>MPlayer</application> |
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2388 starten, warten, bis <application>MPlayer</application> fertig ist |
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2389 und <emphasis role="bold">ZULETZT</emphasis> XawTV beenden. |
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2390 </para> |
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2391 </sect2> |
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2392 |
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2393 <sect2 id="blinkenlights"> |
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2394 <title>Blinkenlights</title> |
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2395 <para> |
18649 | 2396 Dieser Treiber kann Video mit dem Blinkenlights UDP-Protokoll wiedergeben. |
20515 | 2397 Wenn du nicht weißt, was |
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2398 <ulink url="http://www.blinkenlights.de/">Blinkenlights</ulink> |
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2399 oder dessen Nachfolger <ulink url="http://www.blinkenlights.de/arcade/">Arcade</ulink> |
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2400 ist, finde es heraus. |
20515 | 2401 Obwohl dies höchstwahrscheinlich der am wenigsten genutzte Videoausgabetreiber ist, |
18649 | 2402 den <application>MPlayer</application> zu bieten hat, so ist er ohne Zweifel der coolste. |
2403 Schau dir einfach ein paar von den | |
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2404 <ulink url="http://www.blinkenlights.de/video.en.html">Blinkenlights-Dokumentationsvideos</ulink> |
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2405 an. |
18649 | 2406 Auf dem Arcade-Video siehst du Blinkenlights-Ausgabetreiber um 00:07:50 in Aktion. |
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2407 </para> |
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2408 </sect2> |
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2409 </sect1> |
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2410 |
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2411 <sect1 id="tvout"> |
20515 | 2412 <title>Unterstützung für die TV-Ausgabe</title> |
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2413 |
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2414 <sect2 id="tvout-mga-g400"> |
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2415 <title>Matrox G400-Karten</title> |
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2416 |
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2417 <para> |
20515 | 2418 Unter Linux hast du zwei Möglichkeiten, den TV-Ausgang deiner |
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2419 G400 anzuschalten: |
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2420 </para> |
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2421 |
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2422 <important> |
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2423 <para> |
20515 | 2424 Anweisungen für die Matrox G450/G550 und deren TV-Ausgänge findest |
2425 du im nächsten Abschnitt! | |
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|
2426 </para> |
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|
2427 </important> |
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|
2428 |
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parents:
diff
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|
2429 <variablelist> |
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parents:
diff
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|
2430 <varlistentry> |
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parents:
diff
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|
2431 <term>XFree86</term> |
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parents:
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|
2432 <listitem><para> |
18649 | 2433 Mit dem alten Treiber und dem HAL-Modul, welches es |
19816 | 2434 auf der <ulink url="http://www.matrox.com">Matrox-Seite</ulink> gibt. Damit |
18568
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|
2435 bekommst du X auf dem Fernseher, aber <emphasis role="bold">keine |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
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|
2436 Hardwarebeschleunigung</emphasis> wie unter Windows! |
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parents:
diff
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|
2437 </para> |
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diff
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|
2438 <para> |
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|
2439 Der zweite Ausgang besitzt nur einen YUV-Framebuffer. |
18649 | 2440 Der <emphasis>BES</emphasis> (Back End Scaler, die YUV-Skalierungseinheit des |
18568
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|
2441 G200/G400/G450/G550) funktioniert mit ihm nicht! Der Windows-Treiber |
80628a6d0980
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|
2442 umgeht das irgendwie, wahrscheinlich dadurch, dass er die 3D-Engine |
20515 | 2443 für die Skalierung und den YUV-Framebuffer zur Anzeige des |
18568
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|
2444 skalierten Bildes verwendet. Wenn du unbedingt X benutzen willst, dann |
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kraymer
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|
2445 probier <option>-vo x11 -fs -zoom</option>, aber das wird |
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kraymer
parents:
diff
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|
2446 <emphasis role="bold">LANGSAM</emphasis> sein |
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parents:
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|
2447 und den <emphasis role="bold">Macrovision</emphasis>-Kopierschutz |
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parents:
diff
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|
2448 aktiviert haben. (Du kannst Macrovision mit diesem |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
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|
2449 <ulink url="http://avifile.sf.net/mgamacro.pl">Perlscript</ulink> |
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|
2450 umgehen.) |
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|
2451 </para></listitem> |
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|
2452 </varlistentry> |
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|
2453 <varlistentry> |
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|
2454 <term>Framebuffer</term> |
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diff
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|
2455 <listitem><para> |
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|
2456 Mit den <emphasis role="bold">matroxfb-Modulen</emphasis> in den 2.4er |
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|
2457 Kerneln. 2.2er Kernel kennen den TV-Ausgang noch nicht und sind somit |
20515 | 2458 hierfür nicht geeignet. Du musst ALLE matroxfb-spezifischen Features |
18568
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|
2459 bei der Compilierung anschalten (bis auf MultiHead). Compiliere sie als |
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|
2460 <emphasis role="bold">Module</emphasis>! Du musst ebenfalls I2C anschalten. |
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|
2461 </para> |
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|
2462 |
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|
2463 <procedure> |
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|
2464 <step><para> |
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|
2465 Gehe nach <filename class="directory">TVout</filename> und gib |
80628a6d0980
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|
2466 <command>./compile.sh</command> ein. Installiere |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
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|
2467 <filename>TVout/matroxset/matroxset</filename> in ein Verzeichnis, das |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
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|
2468 in deinem <envar>PATH</envar> liegt. |
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|
2469 </para></step> |
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diff
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|
2470 <step><para> |
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|
2471 Wenn du <command>fbset</command> nicht installiert hast, installiere |
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|
2472 <filename>TVout/fbset/fbset</filename> in ein Verzeichnis, das in |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
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|
2473 deinem <envar>PATH</envar> liegt. |
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diff
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|
2474 </para></step> |
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diff
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|
2475 <step><para> |
80628a6d0980
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|
2476 Wenn du <command>con2fb</command> nicht installiert hast, installiere |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
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|
2477 <filename>TVout/con2fb/con2fb</filename> in ein Verzeichnis, das in |
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kraymer
parents:
diff
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|
2478 deinem <envar>PATH</envar> liegt. |
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diff
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|
2479 </para></step> |
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diff
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|
2480 <step><para> |
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|
2481 Geh jetzt in das Verzeichnis <filename class="directory">TVout/</filename> |
20515 | 2482 in den <application>MPlayer</application>-Quellen und führe dort |
18568
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kraymer
parents:
diff
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|
2483 <filename>./modules</filename> als <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
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|
2484 aus. Deine Textmodusconsole wird danach in den Framebuffermodus umschalten, |
20515 | 2485 aus dem es keinen Weg zurück gibt! |
18568
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|
2486 </para></step> |
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|
2487 <step><para> |
20515 | 2488 Editiere als nächstes das Script <filename>./matroxtv</filename>. |
2489 Es wird dir ein simples Menü präsentieren. Drücke | |
18568
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|
2490 <keycap>2</keycap> gefolgt von <keycap>ENTER</keycap>. Jetzt solltest |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
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|
2491 du auf dem Fernseher das gleiche Bild wie auf dem Monitor sehen. |
20515 | 2492 Wenn das TV-Bild (PAL ist die Standardeinstellung) merkwürdige Streifen |
2493 enthält, dann war das Script nicht in der Lage, die Auflösung richtig zu | |
2494 setzen (per Voreinstellung 640x512). Probiere andere im Menü | |
2495 angebotene Auflösungen aus und/oder experimentiere mit fbset. | |
18568
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|
2496 </para></step> |
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|
2497 <step><para> |
20515 | 2498 So. Die nächste Aufgabe ist es, den Cursor auf tty1 (oder |
18568
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kraymer
parents:
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|
2499 woauchimmer) verschwinden zu lassen, und den Bildschirmschoner |
20515 | 2500 auszuschalten. Führ folgende Kommandos aus: |
18568
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diff
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|
2501 |
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diff
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|
2502 <screen> |
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kraymer
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diff
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|
2503 echo -e '\033[?25l' |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2504 setterm -blank 0<!-- |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
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|
2505 --></screen> |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
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|
2506 oder |
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parents:
diff
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|
2507 <screen> |
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2508 setterm -cursor off |
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2509 setterm -blank 0<!-- |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
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|
2510 --></screen> |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
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|
2511 |
20515 | 2512 Wahrscheinlich möchtest du das in ein Script packen und dabei |
2513 gleich den Bildschirm löschen. Um den Cursor wieder | |
18568
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kraymer
parents:
diff
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|
2514 anzuschalten: |
18649 | 2515 <screen>echo -e '\033[?25h'</screen> oder |
18568
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2516 <screen>setterm -cursor on</screen> |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
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|
2517 </para></step> |
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diff
changeset
|
2518 <step><para> |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2519 Yeah kewl. Starte die Wiedergabe mit |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2520 <screen> |
18649 | 2521 mplayer -vo mga -fs -screenw 640 -screenh 512 <replaceable>Dateiname</replaceable><!-- |
18568
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kraymer
parents:
diff
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|
2522 --></screen> |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
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|
2523 |
18649 | 2524 (Wenn du X benutzt, dann wechsle jetzt auf den matroxfb mit z.B. |
24611 | 2525 <keycombo><keycap>STRG</keycap><keycap>ALT</keycap><keycap>F1</keycap></keycombo>!) |
20515 | 2526 Ändere die <literal>640</literal> und <literal>512</literal>, wenn |
2527 du eine andere Auflösung verwendest. | |
18568
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kraymer
parents:
diff
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|
2528 </para></step> |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2529 <step><para> |
20515 | 2530 <emphasis role="bold">Genieße die ultra-schnelle und featurereiche Wiedergabe |
18568
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kraymer
parents:
diff
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|
2531 mit dem Matrox-TV-Ausgang (sogar noch besser als Xv)!</emphasis> |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
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|
2532 </para></step> |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2533 </procedure> |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2534 </listitem> |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2535 </varlistentry> |
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2536 </variablelist> |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2537 |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2538 <formalpara> |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2539 <title>Matrox-TV-Ausgangskabel im Eigenbau</title> |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
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|
2540 <para> |
20515 | 2541 Niemand übernimmt Verantwortung für irgendetwas oder jegliche |
2542 Schäden, die durch diese Dokumentation entstehen. | |
18568
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diff
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|
2543 </para> |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2544 </formalpara> |
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diff
changeset
|
2545 |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2546 <formalpara> |
20515 | 2547 <title>Kabel für die G400</title> |
18568
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2548 <para> |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
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|
2549 Der vierte Pin des CRTC2-Steckers liefert das Composite Video-Signal. |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2550 Erde liegt am sechsten, siebten und achten Pin. |
20515 | 2551 (Informationen von Balázs Rácz) |
18568
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2552 </para> |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2553 </formalpara> |
80628a6d0980
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diff
changeset
|
2554 |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2555 <formalpara> |
20515 | 2556 <title>Kabel für die G450</title> |
18568
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2557 <para> |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2558 Der erste Pin des CRTC2-Steckers liefert |
20515 | 2559 das Composite Video-Signal. Erde liegt am fünften, sechsten, siebten und |
2560 fünfzehnten (5, 6, 7, 15) Pin. (Information von Balázs Kerekes) | |
18568
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kraymer
parents:
diff
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|
2561 </para> |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2562 </formalpara> |
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2563 </sect2> |
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2564 |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2565 <sect2 id="tv-out_matrox_g450"> |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2566 <title>Matrox G450/G550-Karten</title> |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2567 <para> |
20515 | 2568 Unterstützung für den TV-Ausgang dieser Karten wurde erst |
2569 kürzlich implementiert und ist noch nicht in den Standardkerneln | |
18568
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2570 enthalten. Momentan kann das <emphasis role="bold">mga_vid</emphasis>-Modul |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2571 nicht benutzt werden, wenn ich recht informiert bin, da der G450/G550-Treiber |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2572 nur in einer Konfiguration arbeitet: Der erste CRTC-Chip (mit den vielen |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2573 Features) am ersten Display (meistens der Monitor), und der zweite CRTC |
20515 | 2574 (kein <emphasis role="bold">BES</emphasis> - Erläuterungen zum BES gibts |
18568
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2575 in der G400-Sektion oben) am Fernseher. |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2576 Somit kannst du momentan nur den <emphasis>fbdev</emphasis>-Ausgabetreiber von |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2577 <application>MPlayer</application> benutzen. |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2578 </para> |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2579 |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2580 <para> |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2581 Der erste CRTC kann momentan nicht an den zweiten Ausgang umgeleitet |
80628a6d0980
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|
2582 werden. Der Author des matroxfb-Kernelmoduls, Petr Vandrovec, wird auch das |
20515 | 2583 irgendwann unterstützen, indem die Ausgabe des ersten CRTC auf beiden |
2584 Ausgängen angezeigt wird, wie es momentan auch für die G400 | |
18568
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|
2585 empfohlen wird (siehe oben). |
80628a6d0980
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|
2586 </para> |
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parents:
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|
2587 |
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|
2588 <para> |
20515 | 2589 Der dafür benötigte Kernelpatch und eine detaillierte Anleitung |
18568
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|
2590 kann auf <ulink url="http://www.bglug.ca/matrox_tvout/"/> gefunden werden. |
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|
2591 </para> |
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|
2592 </sect2> |
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|
2593 |
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|
2594 |
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|
2595 <sect2 id="tvout-ati"> |
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|
2596 <title>ATI-Karten</title> |
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|
2597 |
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|
2598 <formalpara> |
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|
2599 <title>EINLEITUNG</title> |
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parents:
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|
2600 <para> |
20515 | 2601 Momentan möchte ATI keinen einzigen ihrer TV-Ausgabe-Chips unter |
2602 Linux unterstützen, da sie die Macrovision-Technologie lizensiert | |
18568
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|
2603 haben. |
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parents:
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|
2604 </para> |
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|
2605 </formalpara> |
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|
2606 |
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|
2607 <itemizedlist> |
20515 | 2608 <title>STATUS DER ATI-TV-AUSGABEUNTERSTÜTZUNG UNTER LINUX</title> |
21725
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Massive <simpara> -> <para>, as no <simpara>'s are actually needed.
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|
2609 <listitem><para> |
18568
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|
2610 <emphasis role="bold">ATI Mach64</emphasis>: |
20515 | 2611 Von <ulink url="http://gatos.sf.net">GATOS</ulink> unterstützt. |
21725
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|
2612 </para></listitem> |
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diff
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|
2613 <listitem><para> |
18568
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|
2614 <emphasis role="bold">ASIC Radeon VIVO</emphasis>: |
20515 | 2615 Von <ulink url="http://gatos.sf.net">GATOS</ulink> unterstützt. |
21725
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|
2616 </para></listitem> |
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diff
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|
2617 <listitem><para> |
19816 | 2618 <emphasis role="bold">Radeon</emphasis> und <emphasis role="bold">Rage128</emphasis>: |
20515 | 2619 Von <application>MPlayer</application> unterstützt! |
18568
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|
2620 Lies die <link linkend="vesa">VESA-Treiber-</link> und |
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|
2621 <link linkend="vidix">VIDIX</link>-Sektionen. |
21725
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|
2622 </para></listitem> |
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diff
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|
2623 <listitem><para> |
18568
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|
2624 <emphasis role="bold">Rage Mobility P/M, Radeon, Rage 128, Mobility M3/M4</emphasis>: |
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|
2625 Von <ulink url="http://www.stud.uni-hamburg.de/users/lennart/projects/atitvout/">atitvout</ulink> |
20515 | 2626 unterstützt. |
21725
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|
2627 </para></listitem> |
18568
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|
2628 </itemizedlist> |
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|
2629 |
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|
2630 <para> |
19816 | 2631 Verwende bei anderen Karten einfach den |
18568
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parents:
diff
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|
2632 <link linkend="vesa">VESA-Treiber</link> |
20515 | 2633 ohne VIDIX. Dafür brauchst du aber eine schnelle CPU. |
18568
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|
2634 </para> |
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parents:
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|
2635 |
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|
2636 <para> |
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|
2637 Nur eines musst du tun - <emphasis role="bold">das TV-Kabel vor dem Booten |
20515 | 2638 eingesteckt haben</emphasis>, da das BIOS sich nur einmal während der |
18568
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parents:
diff
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|
2639 POST-Prozedur initialisiert. |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
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|
2640 </para> |
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|
2641 </sect2> |
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|
2642 |
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|
2643 |
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|
2644 <sect2 id="tvout-nvidia"> |
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parents:
diff
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|
2645 <title>nVidia</title> |
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parents:
diff
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|
2646 <para> |
22293 | 2647 Zuerst musst du die Closed-Source-Treiber von <ulink url="http://nvidia.com"/> |
18568
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kraymer
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diff
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|
2648 herunterladen. Ich werde Installation und Konfiguration nicht im Detail |
20515 | 2649 beschreiben, da dies außerhalb der Aufgabe dieses Dokuments liegt. |
18568
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|
2650 </para> |
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|
2651 |
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parents:
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|
2652 <para> |
19816 | 2653 Nachdem du sichergestellt hast, dass XFree86, XVideo und die |
20515 | 2654 3D-Beschleunigung funktionieren, ändere die <filename>XF86Config</filename>, |
18568
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
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|
2655 und passe das folgende Beispiel deiner Karte an: |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2656 |
80628a6d0980
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diff
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|
2657 <programlisting> |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2658 Section "Device" |
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diff
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|
2659 Identifier "GeForce" |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2660 VendorName "ASUS" |
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kraymer
parents:
diff
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|
2661 BoardName "nVidia GeForce2/MX 400" |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2662 Driver "nvidia" |
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2663 #Option "NvAGP" "1" |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2664 Option "NoLogo" |
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2665 Option "CursorShadow" "on" |
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2666 |
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diff
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|
2667 Option "TwinView" |
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2668 Option "TwinViewOrientation" "Clone" |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2669 Option "MetaModes" "1024x768,640x480" |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2670 Option "ConnectedMonitor" "CRT, TV" |
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2671 Option "TVStandard" "PAL-B" |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2672 Option "TVOutFormat" "Composite" |
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2673 EndSection |
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diff
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|
2674 </programlisting> |
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|
2675 </para> |
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changeset
|
2676 |
80628a6d0980
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2677 <para> |
20515 | 2678 Natürlich besteht der wichtige Teil aus den TwinView-Optionen. |
18568
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diff
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|
2679 </para> |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2680 </sect2> |
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diff
changeset
|
2681 |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2682 <sect2 id="tvout-neomagic"> |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2683 <title>NeoMagic</title> |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2684 <para> |
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parents:
diff
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|
2685 Der NeoMagic-Chip befindet sich auf zahlreichen Laptops, einige von ihnen |
80628a6d0980
initial import of some missing German xml translation, review(s) pending
kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2686 sind mit einen einfachen analogen TV-Encoder ausgestattet, einige besitzen |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2687 einen fortschrittlicheren. |
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2688 <itemizedlist> |
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diff
changeset
|
2689 <listitem><para> |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2690 <emphasis role="bold">Analoger Encoder-Chip</emphasis>: |
20515 | 2691 Es wurde berichtet, dass ein zuverlässiger TV-Ausgang mittels |
18568
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kraymer
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diff
changeset
|
2692 <option>-vo fbdev</option> oder <option>-vo fbdev2</option> |
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2693 erreicht werden kann. |
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2694 Du musst vesafb in deinen Kernel compiliert haben und der |
20515 | 2695 Kernel-Befehlszeile folgende Parameter übergeben: |
24610
94e084f0e8ea
r21612: replace " with ", better readability
kraymer
parents:
24608
diff
changeset
|
2696 <option>append="video=vesafb:ywrap,mtrr" vga=791</option>. |
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kraymer
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diff
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|
2697 Du solltest <application>X</application> starten, dann in den |
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2698 Consolen-Modus z.B. mit |
24611 | 2699 <keycombo><keycap>STRG</keycap><keycap>ALT</keycap><keycap>F1</keycap></keycombo> wechseln. |
18649 | 2700 Misslingt der Start von <application>X</application> vor dem von |
18568
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2701 <application>MPlayer</application> in der Console, wird das Video |
20515 | 2702 langsam und abgehackt (Erklärungen sind willkommen). |
19816 | 2703 Logge dich auf deiner Konsole ein und initialisiere dann folgenden Befehl: |
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2704 |
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diff
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|
2705 <screen>clear; mplayer -vo fbdev -zoom -cache 8192 dvd://</screen> |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
2706 |
18649 | 2707 Jetzt solltest du den Film im Konsolen-Modus laufen sehen. |
20515 | 2708 Er wird etwa die Hälfte des LCD-Bildschirms deines Laptops ausfüllen. |
2709 Um auf TV zu wechseln, drücke dreimal | |
24611 | 2710 <keycombo><keycap>Fn</keycap><keycap>F5</keycap></keycombo>. |
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diff
changeset
|
2711 Getestet auf einem Tecra 8000, 2.6.15 Kernel mit vesafb, ALSA v1.0.10. |
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diff
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|
2712 </para></listitem> |
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Massive <simpara> -> <para>, as no <simpara>'s are actually needed.
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20923
diff
changeset
|
2713 <listitem><para> |
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diff
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|
2714 <emphasis role="bold">Chrontel 70xx Encoder-Chip</emphasis>: |
20515 | 2715 Zu finden im IBM Thinkpad 390E und möglicherweise anderen Thinkpads oder |
18568
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2716 Notebooks. |
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Massive <simpara> -> <para>, as no <simpara>'s are actually needed.
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20923
diff
changeset
|
2717 </para><para> |
20515 | 2718 Du musst <option>-vo vesa:neotv_pal</option> für PAL oder |
2719 <option>-vo vesa:neotv_ntsc</option> für NTSC verwenden. | |
18568
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kraymer
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diff
changeset
|
2720 Es wird eine TV-Output-Funktion in folgenden 16bpp und 8bpp-Modi |
20515 | 2721 zur Verfügung stellen: |
21725
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Massive <simpara> -> <para>, as no <simpara>'s are actually needed.
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20923
diff
changeset
|
2722 </para> |
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diff
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|
2723 <itemizedlist> |
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20923
diff
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|
2724 <listitem><para>NTSC 320x240, 640x480 und evtl. auch 800x600.</para></listitem> |
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Massive <simpara> -> <para>, as no <simpara>'s are actually needed.
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20923
diff
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|
2725 <listitem><para>PAL 320x240, 400x300, 640x480, 800x600.</para></listitem> |
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kraymer
parents:
diff
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|
2726 </itemizedlist> |
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Massive <simpara> -> <para>, as no <simpara>'s are actually needed.
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parents:
20923
diff
changeset
|
2727 <para>Der Modus 512x384 wird im BIOS nicht unterstützt. Du musst das Bild |
20515 | 2728 auf eine andere Auflösung skalieren, um die TV-Ausgabe zu aktivieren. |
18568
80628a6d0980
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kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2729 Wenn du auf dem Schirm ein Bild in 640x480 oder in 800x600 siehst, jedoch nicht |
20515 | 2730 in 320x240 oder einer kleineren Auflösung, musst du zwei Tabellen in |
18568
80628a6d0980
initial import of some missing German xml translation, review(s) pending
kraymer
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2731 <filename>vbelib.c</filename> ersetzen. |
20515 | 2732 Siehe Funktion vbeSetTV für Details. Bitte kontaktiere in diesem Fall den Autor. |
21725
e4cd9d683286
Massive <simpara> -> <para>, as no <simpara>'s are actually needed.
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parents:
20923
diff
changeset
|
2733 </para> |
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2734 <para> |
18649 | 2735 Bekanntes Problem: Nur VESA, keine weiteren Schalter wie Helligkeit, Kontrast, |
18568
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2736 Blacklevel, Flimmerfilter sind implementiert. |
21725
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2737 </para> |
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2738 </listitem> |
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|
2739 </itemizedlist> |
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|
2740 </para> |
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|
2741 </sect2> |
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|
2742 </sect1> |
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2743 |
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2744 </chapter> |