Mercurial > mplayer.hg
annotate DOCS/German/video.html @ 8844:3f32b0a251ab
Report X color depth for XVIDIX problems.
Patch by James Stembridge <jstembridge@gmx.net>.
author | diego |
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date | Wed, 08 Jan 2003 19:59:46 +0000 |
parents | e4c5ee3aa3e9 |
children | e293d5eccd41 |
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1 <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> |
1895 | 2 <HTML> |
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4 <HEAD> | |
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5 <TITLE>Video - MPlayer - The Movie Player for Linux</TITLE> |
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6 <LINK REL="stylesheet" TYPE="text/css" HREF="default.css"> |
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7 <META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"> |
4996 | 8 </HEAD> |
9 | |
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10 <BODY> |
1961 | 11 |
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13 <H3><A NAME="video">2.3.1. Video-Ausgabe-Geräte</A></H3> |
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7079 | 15 <H4><A NAME="mtrr">2.3.1.1. MTRR</A></H4> |
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17 <P>Du solltest UNBEDINGT sicherstellen, dass die MTRR-Register richtig belegt |
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18 sind, denn sie können eine großen Geschwindigkeits-Schub |
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19 bringen.</P> |
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21 <P>Mache ein <CODE>cat /proc/mtrr</CODE>:</P> |
1961 | 22 |
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23 <P><CODE>--($:~)-- cat /proc/mtrr<BR> |
1961 | 24 reg00: base=0xe4000000 (3648MB), size= 16MB: write-combining, count=9<BR> |
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25 reg01: base=0xd8000000 (3456MB), size= 128MB: write-combining, count=1</CODE></P> |
1961 | 26 |
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27 <P>Diese Anzeige ist richtig. Sie zeigt meine Matrox G400 mit 16MB Speicher. |
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28 Ich habe die Einstellung von XFree 4.x.x, was die MTRR-Register automatisch |
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29 einstellt.</P> |
1961 | 30 |
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31 <P>Wenn nichts funktioniert, musst du sie manuell setzen. Als erstes musst du |
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32 die Basisadresse finden. Dazu gibt es drei Möglichkeiten:</P> |
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34 <UL> |
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35 <LI>durch die X11 Start-Meldungen, zum Beispiel: |
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36 <P><CODE>(--) SVGA: PCI: Matrox MGA G400 AGP rev 4, Memory @ 0xd8000000, |
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37 0xd4000000<BR> |
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38 (--) SVGA: Linear framebuffer at 0xD8000000</CODE></P></LI> |
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39 <LI>durch /proc/pci (verwende <CODE>lspci -v</CODE>): |
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40 <P><CODE>01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: Matrox Graphics, Inc.: Unknown |
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41 device 0525</CODE> |
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42 <CODE>Memory at d8000000 (32-bit, prefetchable)</CODE></P></LI> |
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43 <LI>durch die mga_vid Kerneltreiber-Meldungen (verwende <CODE>dmesg</CODE>): |
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44 <P><CODE>mga_mem_base = d8000000</CODE></P></LI> |
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45 </UL> |
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47 <P>So, nun gilt es, die Speichergröße zu finden. Dies ist sehr |
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48 einfach, konvertier einfach die Video-RAM-Größe nach Hexdezimal, |
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49 oder verwende diese Tabelle:</P> |
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51 <TABLE BORDER=0> | |
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52 <TR><TD> </TD><TD>1 MB</TD><TD WIDTH=10%></TD><TD>0x100000</TD></TR> |
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53 <TR><TD></TD><TD>2 MB</TD><TD></TD><TD>0x200000</TD></TR> |
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54 <TR><TD></TD><TD>4 MB</TD><TD></TD><TD>0x400000</TD></TR> |
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55 <TR><TD></TD><TD>8 MB</TD><TD></TD><TD>0x800000</TD></TR> |
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56 <TR><TD></TD><TD>16 MB</TD><TD></TD><TD>0x1000000</TD></TR> |
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57 <TR><TD></TD><TD>32 MB</TD><TD></TD><TD>0x2000000</TD></TR> |
1895 | 58 </TABLE> |
59 | |
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60 <P>Du weißt die Base-Adresse und die Speichergröße? Lass uns |
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61 die MTRR Register einstellen! Für die Matrox Karte von oben |
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62 (base=0xd8000000) mit 32MB RAM (size=0x2000000) führst du einfach das |
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63 Folgende aus:</P> |
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65 <P><CODE> echo "base=0xd8000000 size=0x2000000 |
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66 type=write-combining" >| /proc/mtrr</CODE></P> |
1895 | 67 |
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68 <P>Nicht alle CPUs unterstützen MTRRs. Zum Beispiel ältere K6-2s |
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69 [die bei ca. 266MHz, stepping 0] unterstützen kein MTRR, aber stepping |
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70 12 CPUs tun es (<CODE>cat /proc/cpuinfo</CODE> gibt Aufschluss).</P> |
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72 |
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73 <H4><A NAME="normal">2.3.1.2 Videoausgabegeräte für traditionelle |
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74 Grafikkarten</A></H4> |
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75 |
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76 <H4><A NAME="xv">2.3.1.2.1 Xv</A></H4> |
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78 <P>Mit XFree86 4.0.2 oder neureren Versionen kannst du die Hardware-YUV-Unterstützung |
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79 deiner Grafikkarte mit Hilfe der XVideo-Erweiterungen benutzen. Das ist die |
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80 Technik, die <CODE>-vo xv</CODE> benutzt. Dieser Treiber unterstützt |
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81 darüber hinaus die Anpassung von Helligkeit/Kontrast/Sättigung etc |
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82 (es sei denn, du benutzt den alten und langsamen DirectShow DivX-Codec, |
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83 welcher diese Anpassungen unabhängig vom Videoausgabetreiber unterstützt). |
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84 Schau in der Manpage nach.</P> |
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85 |
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86 <P>Um Xv zum Laufen zu bringen, musst du auf die folgenden Punkte achten:</P> |
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88 <UL> |
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89 <LI>Du musst XFree86 4.0.2 oder eine neuere Version benutzen, da die |
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90 älteren Versionen XVideo noch nicht kannten.</LI> |
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91 XVideo)</LI> |
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92 <LI>Deine Grafikkarte muss Hardware-Unterstützung für YUV |
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93 bieten, was alle modernen Karten tun.</LI> |
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94 <LI>X muss die XVideo-Erweiterung auch tatsächlich laden, was zu |
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95 Meldungen ähnlich den folgenden führt: |
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96 <P><CODE> (II) Loading extension XVideo</CODE></P> |
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98 <P>Anmerkung: Diese Meldung besagt nur, dass die XFree86-Erweiterung |
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99 geladen wird. Bei einer guten Installation sollte das immer der Fall |
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100 sein. Das heißt allerdings noch nicht, dass die |
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101 <B>XVideo-Unterstützung der Grafikkarte</B> auch geladen wurde!</P> |
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102 </LI> |
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103 <LI>Deine Karte muss unter Linux Xv-Unterstützung haben. Du kannst dich |
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104 dessen mit <CODE>xvinfo</CODE> vergewsissern, das Teil der |
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105 XFree86-Distribution ist. Es sollte einen längeren Text ausgeben, |
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106 der ungefähr so aussieht: |
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107 <PRE> |
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108 X-Video Extension version 2.2 |
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109 screen #0 |
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110 Adaptor #0: "Savage Streams Engine" |
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111 number of ports: 1 |
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112 port base: 43 |
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113 operations supported: PutImage |
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114 supported visuals: |
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115 depth 16, visualID 0x22 |
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116 depth 16, visualID 0x23 |
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117 number of attributes: 5 |
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118 (...) |
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119 Number of image formats: 7 |
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120 id: 0x32595559 (YUY2) |
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121 guid: 59555932-0000-0010-8000-00aa00389b71 |
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122 bits per pixel: 16 |
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123 number of planes: 1 |
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124 type: YUV (packed) |
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125 id: 0x32315659 (YV12) |
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126 guid: 59563132-0000-0010-8000-00aa00389b71 |
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127 bits per pixel: 12 |
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128 number of planes: 3 |
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129 type: YUV (planar) |
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130 (...etc...) |
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131 </PRE> |
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132 <P>Damit <B>MPlayer</B> Xv benutzen kann, müssen die Pixelformate |
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133 "YUY2 packed" und "YV12 planar" unterstützt werden.</P> |
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134 </LI> |
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135 <LI>Stell als letztes sicher, dass <B>MPlayer</B> mit Unterstützung |
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136 für Xv compiliert wurde. <CODE>configure</CODE> gibt eine |
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137 entsprechende Meldung aus.</LI> |
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138 </UL> |
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140 <H4><A NAME="xv_3dfx">2.3.1.2.1.1 3dfx-Karten</A></H4> |
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142 <P>Ältere 3dfx-Treiber hatten bekanntermaßen Probleme mit der |
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143 XVideo-Beschleuningung, die entweder YUY2 oder YV12 nicht unterstützte. |
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144 Stell sicher, dass du XFree86 Version 4.2.0 oder neuer verwendest, da diese |
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145 Versionen mit YV12 und YUY2 keine Probleme haben. Vorherige Versionen, auch |
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146 4.1.0, sind <B>bei Verwendung von YV12 abgestürzt</B>. Wenn du |
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147 merkwürdige Effekte bei der Verwendung von <CODE>-vo xv</CODE> |
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148 bemerktst, dann probier aus, ob mit SDL, das ebenfalls XVideo benutzen kann, |
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149 diese Effekte verschwinden. In der <A HREF="#sdl">SDL-Sektion</A> stehen |
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150 Details darüber.</P> |
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152 <P><B>Alternativ</B> kannst du auch den NEUEN tdfxfb-Treiber mit <CODE>-vo |
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153 tdfxfb</CODE> verwenden! Lies dazu die <A NAME="#tdfxfb">tdfxfb- |
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154 Sektion</A>.</P> |
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156 |
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157 <H4><A NAME="xv_s3">2.3.1.2.1.2 S3-Karten</A></H4> |
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159 <P>S3 Savage3D-Karten sollten problemlos funktionieren, aber bei Savage4- |
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160 Chips solltest du XFree86 4.0.3 oder neuer verwenden. Probier bei Problemen |
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161 den 16bpp-Farbmodus aus. Und der S3 Virge... Es gibt für ihn zwar Xv- |
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162 Unterstützung, aber die Karte selber ist so langsam, dass du sie besser |
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163 verkaufst.</P> |
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164 |
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165 <P><B>Anmerkung:</B> Momentan ist nicht ganz klar, welche Savage-Modelle |
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166 keine Unterstützung für YV12 in Hardware haben, sodass bei ihnen |
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167 der Treiber diese Konvertierung sehr langsam vornimmt. Wenn du deine Karte |
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168 deswegen verdächtigst, dann besorg dir einen neueren Treiber, oder |
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169 frag auf der MPlayer-Users-Mailingliste freundlich nach einem Treiber, der |
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170 MMX/3DNow unterstützt.</P> |
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172 |
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173 <H4><A NAME="xv_nvidia">2.3.1.2.1.3 nVidia-Karten</A></H4> |
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174 |
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175 <P>nVidia ist für Linux keine optimale Wahl (auch wenn das laut nVidia |
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176 <A HREF="users_against_developers.html#nvidia">nicht stimmt</A>). Du wirst |
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177 die binären Closed-Source-Treiber benutzen müssen, die auf nVidias |
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178 Webseite verfügbar sind. Die Standard-XFree86-Treiber bieten aufgrund |
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179 der nicht öffentlichen Quellen und auch nicht öffentlich |
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180 erhältlichen Spezifikationen der nVidia-Chips keine XVideo- |
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181 Unterstützung für diese Karten.</P> |
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183 <P>Soweit ich weiß enthalten die neuesten in XFree86 enthaltenen |
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184 Treiber XVideo-Unterstützung für GeForce2- und GeForce3-Modelle. |
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185 </P> |
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186 |
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187 <P>Riva128-Karten bieten nicht einmal mit den binären nVidia-Treibern |
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188 XVideo-Unterstützung (beklag dich bei nVidia).</P> |
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190 | |
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191 <H4><A NAME="xv_ati">2.3.1.2.1.4 ATI-Karten</A></H4> |
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193 <UL> |
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194 <LI>Die <A HREF="http://gatos.sourceforge.net">GATOS-Treiber</A>, die du |
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195 einsetzen solltest, sofern du keine Rage128- oder Radeon-Karte hast, |
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196 haben standardmäßig VSYNC angeschlatet. Das bedeutet, dass |
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197 die Decodiergeschwindigkeit zur Bildwiederholrate des Monitors |
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198 synchronisiert wird. Wenn dir die Wiedergabe langsam vorkommt, dann |
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199 versuch, irgendwie VSYNC abzuschalten, oder setze die Bildwiederholrate |
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200 des Monitors auf <CODE>n * (fps des Films) Hz</CODE>.</LI> |
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201 <LI>Radeon VE - Momentan bietet nur die CVS-Version von XFree86 diese Karten, |
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202 Version 4.1.0 tut dies noch nicht. Außerdem gibt es keine |
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203 Unterstützung für den TV-Ausgang. Natürlich bekommst |
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204 du mit <B>MPlayer</B> <B>hardwarebeschleunigte</B> Wiedergabe, das ganze |
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205 wahlweise <B>mit oder ohne TV-Ausgang</B>, und es werden dabei nicht |
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206 einmal weitere Bibliotheken oder X selber benötigt. Lies dazu |
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207 die <A HREF="#vidix">Vidix-Sektion</A>.</LI> |
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208 </UL> |
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210 <H4><A NAME="xv_neomagic">2.3.1.2.1.5 NeoMagic-Karten</A></H4> |
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212 <P>Diese Chips befinden sich in vielen Laptops. Leider unterstützt der |
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213 in X 4.2.0 enthaltene Treiber nicht Xv, aber wir haben einen veränderten |
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214 Treiber mit Xv-Unterstützung für dich. |
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215 <A HREF="http://www.mplayerhq.hu/MPlayer/contrib/NeoMagic-driver/neomagic_drv.o.4.2.0.bz2"> |
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216 Lade ihn hier herunter</A>. Dieser Treiber wird von Stefan Seyfried zur |
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217 Verfügung gestellt.</P> |
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219 <P>Um die Wiedergabe von Video in DVD-Auflösung zu ermöglichen, |
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220 ändere deine <CODE>XF86Config</CODE> wie folgt:</P> |
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222 <P>Section "Device"<BR> |
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223 <I>[...]</I><BR> |
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224 Driver "neomagic"<BR> |
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225 <B>Option "OverlayMem" "829440"</B><BR> |
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226 <I>[...]</I><BR> |
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227 EndSection</P> |
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229 |
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230 <H4><A NAME="xv_trident">2.3.1.2.1.6 Trident-Karten</A></H4> |
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232 <P>Wenn du Xv mit einer Trident-Grafikkarte benutzen willst, dann installier |
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233 XFree86 4.2.0, sofern Xv nicht schon mit 4.1.0 funktioniert. Version 4.2.0 |
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234 enthält Unterstützung für Xv im Vollbild für |
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235 Cyberblade XP-Karten.</P> |
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236 |
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237 |
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238 <H4><A NAME="dga">2.3.1.2.2 DGA</A></H4> |
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240 | |
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241 <H4><A NAME="dga_summary">2.3.1.2.2.1 Zusammenfassung</A></H4> |
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243 <P>Dieser Abschnitt versucht, in wenigen Worten zu beschreiben, was DGA |
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244 generell ist, und was der DGA-Videotreiber in <B>MPlayer</B> erreichen kann, |
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245 und was nicht.</P> |
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246 |
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247 <H4><A NAME="dga_whatis">2.3.1.2.2.2 Was ist DGA?</A></H4> |
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249 <P>DGA ist die Abkürzung für Direct Graphics Access (direkter |
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250 Zugriff auf die Grafikhardware) und gibt Programmen die Möglichkeit, |
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251 unter Umgehung des X-Servers direkt den Framebuffer der Grafikkarte |
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252 zu verändern. Technisch gesehen wird das dadurch realisiert, dass |
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253 der Framebuffer in den virtuellen Adressraum des jeweiligen Prozesses |
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254 abgebildet wird. Das wird vom Kernel aber nur dann zugelassen, wenn der |
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255 Prozess Superuserprivilegien besitzt. Dazu musst du dich entweder als |
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256 root anmelden oder das SUID-bit des <B>MPlayer</B>-Binaries setzen (was |
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257 <B>nicht empfohlen wird</B>).</P> |
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259 <P>Von DGA gibt es zwei Versionen: DGA1 kommt mit XFree 3.x.x, und DGA2 |
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260 wurde mit XFree 4.0.1 eingeführt.</P> |
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261 |
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262 <P>DGA1 bietet nur den oben beschriebenen Zugriff auf den Framebuffer. Die |
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263 Umschaltung des Videomodus klappt nur mit der XVidMode-Erweiterung.</P> |
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265 <P>DGA2 beinhaltet die Features der XVidMode-Erweiterung und erlaubt |
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266 außerdem, die Farbtiefe zu ändern. Damit kannst du also auf 32bit |
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267 Farbtiefe umschalten, auch wenn der X-Server gerade mit 15bit Farbtiefe |
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268 läuft.</P> |
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269 |
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270 <P>DGA hat aber auch ein paar Nachteile. Die Funktionsweise scheint ein wenig |
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271 von der Grafikkarte und dem Grafikkartentreiber im X-Server abhängig zu |
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272 sein. Es fuktioniert also nicht auf jedem System...</P> |
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274 | |
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275 <H4><A NAME="dga_installation">2.3.1.2.2.3 DGA-Unterstützung für |
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276 MPlayer installieren</A></H4> |
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278 <P>Stell als erstes sicher, dass X die DGA-Erweiterung lädt. Schau |
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279 in /var/log/XFree86.0.log nach:</P> |
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281 <P> <CODE>(II) Loading extension XFree86-DGA</CODE></P> | |
282 | |
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283 <P>Wie du siehst ist XFree86 4.0.x oder neuer SEHR ZU EMPFEHLEN! |
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284 <B>MPlayer</B>s DGA-Treiber wird von <CODE>./configure</CODE> automatisch |
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285 erkannt. Alternativ kannst du seine Compilierung mit <CODE>--enable- |
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286 dga</CODE> erzwingen.</P> |
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288 <P>Falls der Treiber nicht zu einer kleineren Auflösung wechseln |
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289 konnte, dann experimentier mit den Optionen <CODE>-vm</CODE> (nur bei |
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290 X 3.3.x), <CODE>-fs, -bpp, -zoom</CODE>, um einen Videomodus zu finden, |
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291 in den der Film reinpasst. Momentan gibt es keinen Konverter :(</P> |
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293 <P>Werde root. DGA bruacht root-Privilegien, um direkt in den Grafikspeicher |
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294 zu schreiben. Wenn du <B>MPlayer</B> als normaler Benutzer starten |
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295 möchtest, dann installiere <B>MPlayer</B> mit dem SUID-Bit:</P> |
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297 <P><CODE> |
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298 chown root /usr/local/bin/mplayer<BR> |
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299 chmod 750 /usr/local/bin/mplayer<BR> |
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300 chmod +s /usr/local/bin/mplayer</CODE></P> |
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302 <P>Jetzt funktioniert es auch als normaler Benutzer.</P> |
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304 <BLOCKQUOTE> |
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305 <B>Warnung: Sicherheitsrisiko!</B><BR> |
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306 Dieses ist ein <B>großes</B> Sicherheitsloch. Tu das <B>niemals</B> |
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307 auf einem Server oder auf einem Computer, auf den auch andere Leute Zugriff |
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308 haben, da sie durch einen SUID-root-MPlayer root-Privilegien erlangen |
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309 können. |
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310 </BLOCKQUOTE> |
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312 <P>Benutze jetzt die Option <CODE>-vo dga</CODE>, und ab geht's (hoffe ich |
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313 zumindest :))! Du solltest auch ausprobieren, ob bei dir die Option |
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314 <CODE>-vo sdl:dga</CODE> funktioniert. Sie ist viel schneller.</P> |
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316 <H4><A NAME="dga_resolution">2.3.1.2.2.4 Ändern der |
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317 Auflösung</A></H4> |
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319 <P>Der DGA-Treiber ermöglicht es, die Auflösung zu ändern. |
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320 Damit entfällt die Notwendigkeit der langsamen Softwareskalierung und |
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321 bietet gleichzeitig ein Vollbild. Idealerweise würde DGA in die gleiche |
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322 Auflösung schalten, die das Video (natürlich unter Beachtung des |
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323 Höhen-/Breitenverhältnisses) hat, aber der X-Server lässt nur |
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324 Auflösungen zu, die vorher in der <CODE>/etc/X11/XF86Config</CODE> bzw. |
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325 <CODE>/etc/X11/XF86Config-4</CODE> definiert wurden. Diese werden durch |
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326 sogenannte Modelines festgelegt und hängen von den Fähigkeiten |
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327 deiner Grafikhardware ab. Der X-Server liest diese Konfigurationsdatei beim |
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328 Start ein und deaktiviert alle Modelines, die sich nicht mit deiner Hardware |
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329 vertragen. Du kannst die "überlebenden" Modelines anhand der X11- |
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330 Logdatei herausfinden (normalerweise |
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331 <CODE>/var/log/XFree86.0.log</CODE>).</P> |
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332 |
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333 <P>Einige Modelines findest du in Anhang A.</P> |
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335 <H4><A NAME="dga_mplayer">2.3.1.2.2.5 DGA & MPlayer</A></H4> |
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337 <P>DGA wird bei <B>MPlayer</B> an zwei Stellen benutzt: beim SDL-Treiber mit |
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338 <CODE>-vo sdl:dga</CODE> oder beim DGA-Treiber selber (<CODE>-vo dga</CODE>). |
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339 Das oben gesagte gilt für beide Treiber. In den folgenden Abschnitten |
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340 erkläre ich, wie der DGA-Treiber von <B>MPlayer</B> selber arbeitet.</P> |
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342 <H4><A NAME="dga_features">2.3.1.2.2.6 Features des DGA-Treibers</A></H4> |
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343 |
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344 <P>Der DGA-Treiber wird durch die Option <CODE>-vo dga</CODE> aktiviert. Sein |
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345 Standardverhalten sieht vor, dass er in die Auflösung schaltet, die der |
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346 Videoauflösung am nächsten kommt. Der Treiber ignoriert absichtlich |
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347 die Optionen <CODE>-vm</CODE> (Videomodusumschaltung aktivieren) und <CODE>- |
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348 fs</CODE> (Vollbildmodus erzwingen) - er versucht immer, so viel des Bildes |
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349 wie möglich durch eine Änderung der Auflösung zu bedecken. |
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350 Dadurch wird nicht ein einziger weitere CPU-Takt für die Skalierung des |
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351 Bildes verwendet. Wenn du mit dem Modus nicht zufrieden bist, den der Treiber |
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352 gewählt hat, dann kannst du ihn zwingen, denjenigen Modus zu |
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353 wählen, der am besten zu dem mit den Optionen <CODE>-x</CODE> und |
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354 <CODE>-y</CODE> angegebenen Werten passt. Die Option <CODE>-v</CODE> |
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355 veranlasst den DGA-Treiber, neben einigen anderen Dingen auch alle von deiner |
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356 XF86-Konfiguration unterstützen Videomodi aufzulisten. Wenn DGA2 |
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357 verwendet wird, dann kannst du mit der <CODE>-bpp</CODE>-Option die |
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358 Verwendung einer bestimmten Farbtiefe erzwingen. Gültige Werte sind 15, |
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359 16, 24 und 32. Es hängt dann von deiner Hardware ab, ob der Modus nativ |
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360 unterstützt wird, oder ob eine (möglicherweise langsame) |
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361 Konvertierung stattfindet.</P> |
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363 <P>Wenn du Glück hast und dir genug unbenutzter Grafikspeicher zur |
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364 Verfügung steht, um ein komplettes Bild aufzunehmen, dann wird der DGA- |
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365 Treiber Doppelpufferung verwenden, was zu regelmäßigerer |
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366 Wiedergabe führt. Der DGA-Treiber wird dir mitteilen, ob Doppelpufferung |
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367 angeschaltet ist oder nicht.</P> |
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368 |
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369 <P>Doppelpufferung bedeutet, dass das nächste Bild deines Videos bereits |
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370 an einer anderen Stelle im Grafikspeicher aufgebaut wird, während das |
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371 aktuelle Bild angezeigt wird. Wenn das nächste Bild fertig ist, so wird |
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372 dem Grafikchip nur noch mitgeteilt, wo er das neue Bild im Speicher finden |
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373 kann. Somit holt sich der Chip seine Daten einfach von dort. In der |
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374 Zwischenzeit wird der andere, jetzt unbenutze Puffer wieder mit neuen |
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375 Videodaten gefüllt.</P> |
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377 <P>Doppelpufferung kann mit der Option <CODE>-double</CODE> aktiviert und mit |
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378 <CODE>-nodouble</CODE> deaktiviert werden. Momentan ist die Doppelpufferung |
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379 standardmäßig deaktiviert. Wenn der DGA-Treiber verwendet wird, |
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380 dann funktioniert das Onscreen-Display (ODS) nur dann, wenn auch die |
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381 Doppelpufferung aktiviert ist. Andererseits kann die Doppelpufferung auch |
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382 einen großen Einbruch bei der Geschwindigkeit hervorrufen, was sehr von |
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383 der DGA-Implementierung der Treiber für deine Hardware abhängt (auf |
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384 meinem K6-II+ 525 benötigt Doppelpufferung weitere 20% CPU-Zeit!).</P> |
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385 |
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386 <H4><A NAME="dga_speed">2.3.1.2.2.7 Punkte bzgl. der Geschwindigkeit</A></H4> |
1895 | 387 |
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388 <P>Generell gesehen sollte der Zugriff auf den DGA-Framebuffer genauso |
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389 schnell sein wie der X11-Treiber, wobei man zusätzlich noch ein Vollbild |
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390 erhält. Die prozentualen Geschwindigkeitswerte, die <B>MPlayer</B> |
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391 ausgibt, müssen mit Vorsicht genossen werden, da sie z.B. beim X11- |
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392 Treiber nicht die Zeit beinhalten, die der X-Server tatsächlich zum |
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393 Anzeigen des Bildes benötigt. Klemm ein Terminal an deinen seriellen |
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394 Port und starte <CODE>top</CODE>, wenn du wissen willst, wie's wirklich mit |
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395 der Geschwindigkeit aussieht.</P> |
1895 | 396 |
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397 <P>Allgemein betrachtet hängt die Geschwindigkeitsverbesserung von DGA |
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398 gegenüber dem "normalen" X11-Treiber sehr von deiner Grafikkarte und |
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399 davon ab, wie gut das X-Servermodul optimiert ist.</P> |
1895 | 400 |
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401 <P>Wenn du ein langsames System hast, dann benutz besser eine Farbtiefe von |
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402 15 oder 16bit, da sie nur die halbe Bandbreite des 32bit-Farbmodus |
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403 benötigen.</P> |
1895 | 404 |
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405 <P>Einge gute Idee ist auch die Verwendung von 24bit Farbtiefe selbst dann, |
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406 wenn deine Grafikkarte nativ nur 32bit unterstützt, da bei 24bit 25% |
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407 weniger Daten über den Bus transferiert werden müssen.</P> |
1895 | 408 |
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409 <P>Ich habe schon gesehen, wie einige AVI-Dateien auf einem Pentium MMX 266 |
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410 wiedergegeben werden konnten. AMD K6-2-CPUs werden ab ca. 400 MHz oder |
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411 höher funktionieren.</P> |
1895 | 412 |
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413 <H4><A NAME="dga_bugs">2.3.1.2.2.8 Bekannte Fehler</A></H4> |
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414 |
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415 <P>Die Entwickler von XFree sagen selber, dass DGA ein ganz schönes |
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416 Monstrum ist. Sie raten eher davon ab, es zu benutzen, da seine Implementation |
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417 bei bestimmten Treibern nicht immer ganz fehlerfrei war.</P> |
1895 | 418 |
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419 <UL> |
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420 <LI>Bei der Kombination aus XFree 4.0.3 und dem nv.o-Treiber gibt es |
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421 einen Fehler, der zu merkwürdigen Farben führt.</LI> |
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422 <LI>Die ATI-Treiber müssen den Videomodus mehrmals zurückstellen, |
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423 nachdem der DGA-Modus verlassen wurde.</LI> |
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424 <LI>Einige Treiber schaffen es manchmal einfach nicht, in die vorherige |
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425 Auflösung zurückzuschalten. Benutze in solch einem Fall |
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426 Ctrl-Alt-Keypad + und -, um manuell die Auflösung zu ändern. |
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427 </LI> |
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428 <LI>Einige Treiber zeigen einfach nur merkwürdige Farben an.</LI> |
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429 <LI>Einige Treiber lügen, was die von ihnen in den Prozessorspeicher |
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430 eingeblendete Menge Grafikspeicher anbelangt, weswegen vo_dga |
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431 nicht die Doppelpufferung verwendet (SIS?).</LI> |
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432 <LI>Einige Treiber schaffen es nicht einmal, auch nur einen einzigen |
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433 gültigen Grafikmodus bereitzustellen. In solchen Fällen |
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434 gibt der DGA-Treiber schwachsinnige Modi wie z.B. 100000x100000 oder |
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435 so ähnlich aus...</LI> |
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436 <LI>Das OSD funktioniert nur, wenn auch die Doppelpufferung aktiviert ist. |
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437 </LI> |
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438 </UL> |
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439 |
1895 | 440 |
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441 <H4><A NAME="dga_future">2.3.1.2.2.9 Ausblick</A></H4> |
1895 | 442 |
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443 <UL> |
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444 <LI>Benutze das neue X11-Renderinterface für das OSD</LI> |
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445 <LI>Wo ist meine TODO-Liste ???? :-(((</LI> |
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446 </UL> |
1895 | 447 |
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448 <H4><A NAME="dga_modelines">2.3.1.2.2.A Einige Modelines</A></H4> |
1895 | 449 |
450 <PRE> | |
451 Section "Modes" | |
452 Identifier "Modes[0]" | |
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453 Modeline "800x600" 40 800 840 968 1056 600 601 605 628 |
1895 | 454 Modeline "712x600" 35.0 712 740 850 900 400 410 412 425 |
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455 Modeline "640x480" 25.175 640 664 760 800 480 491 493 525 |
1895 | 456 Modeline "400x300" 20 400 416 480 528 300 301 303 314 Doublescan |
457 Modeline "352x288" 25.10 352 368 416 432 288 296 290 310 | |
458 Modeline "352x240" 15.750 352 368 416 432 240 244 246 262 Doublescan | |
459 Modeline "320x240" 12.588 320 336 384 400 240 245 246 262 Doublescan | |
460 EndSection | |
461 </PRE> | |
462 | |
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463 <P>Diese Einträge funktionieren mit meinem Riva128-Chip und dem |
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464 nv.o-Treiber einwandfrei.</P> |
1895 | 465 |
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466 <H4><A NAME="dga_bug_reports">2.3.1.2.2.B Fehlerberichte</A></H4> |
1895 | 467 |
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468 <P>Wenn du Probleme mit dem DGA-Treiber hast, dann kannst du gerne einen |
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469 Fehlerbericht an die unten stehende Adresse schicken. Starte dazu bitte |
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470 <B>MPlayer</B> mit der Option <CODE>-v</CODE> und übernimm alle Zeilen |
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471 in den Fehlerbericht, die mit <CODE>vo_dga:</CODE> anfangen.</P> |
1895 | 472 |
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473 <P>Bitte gib auch ann, welche X11-Version du benutzt, welche Grafikkarte und |
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474 welche CPU du hast. Das X11-Treibermodul, das in der <CODE>XF86Config</CODE> |
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475 angegeben wird, könnte ebenfalls hilfreich sein. Danke!</P> |
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476 |
1895 | 477 <P><I>Acki (acki@acki-netz.de, www.acki-netz.de)</I></P> |
478 | |
479 | |
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480 <H4><A NAME="sdl">2.3.1.2.3 SDL</A></H4> |
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481 |
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482 <P>SDL (Simple Directmedia Layer, Simpele Schicht für den direkten |
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483 Zugriff auf Mediageräte) bietet grundsätzlich eine einheitliche |
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484 Schnittstelle zu Audio- und Videogeräten. Programme, die die SDL |
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485 benutzen, kennen nur die SDL und brauchen kein Wissen darüber, welche |
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486 Video- oder Audiotreiber die SDL tatsächlich benutzt. So kann z.B. eine |
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487 Doom-Portierung mit der SDL die Svgalib, aalib, X11, fbdev und andere Treiber |
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488 benutzen. Dazu musst du z.B. nur den Videotreiber angeben, indem du die |
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489 Umgebungsvariable <CODE>SDL_VIDEODRIVER</CODE> setzt. So lautet zumindest die |
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490 Theorie.</P> |
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491 |
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492 <P>Bei <B>MPlayer</B> benutzten wir damals die Softwareskalierroutinen der |
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493 X11-Treiber von SDL bei Grafikkarten, die keine Unterstützung für |
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494 XVideo hatten, bis wir unsere eigenen schrieben, die schneller und |
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495 hübscher waren. Wir benutzten damals ausßerdem SDLs aalib-Ausgabe. |
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496 Auch davon haben wir selber eine komfortablere Version geschrieben. SDLs DGA- |
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497 Code war besser als unserer - zumindest bis vor kurzem. Verstehst du, worauf |
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498 ich hinauswill? :)</P> |
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499 |
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500 <P>SDL ist auch bei einigen fehlerbehafteten Treibern/Karten nützlich, |
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501 wenn das Video ruckelig abgespielt wird (und es nicht an einem langsamen |
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502 System liegt), oder wenn der Ton hinterherhinkt.</P> |
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503 |
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504 <P>Die SDL-Videoausgabe unterstützt die Anzeige von Untertiteln |
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505 unterhalb des Films auf den schwarzen Balken (sofern diese vorhanden |
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506 sind).</P> |
1895 | 507 |
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508 <P><B>Es gibt einige Komanndozeilenparameter bezüglich SDL:</B></P> |
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509 <DL> |
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510 <DT><CODE>-vo sdl:name</CODE></DT> |
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511 <DD>Gibt den Namen des SDL-Videotreibers an (z.B. aalib, dga, x11)</DD> |
5185 | 512 |
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513 <DT><CODE>-ao sdl:name</CODE></DT> |
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514 <DD>Gibt den Namen des SDL-Audiotreibers an (z.B. dsp, esd, arts)</DD> |
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515 |
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516 <DT><CODE>-noxv</CODE></DT> |
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517 <DD>Deaktiviert die XVideo-Hardwarebeschleunigung</DD> |
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518 |
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519 <DT><CODE>-forcexv</CODE></DT> |
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520 <DD>Versucht, die Verwendung der XVideo-Beschleunigung zu erzwingen</DD> |
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521 </DL> |
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523 <TABLE BORDER=0> |
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524 <TR><TD COLSPAN=4><P><B>SDL-Tasten:</B></P></TD></TR> |
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525 <TR><TD></TD><TD><CODE>F</CODE></TD><TD></TD> |
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526 <TD>Umschalten zwischen Vollbild/Fenstermodus</TD></TR> |
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527 <TR><TD></TD><TD><CODE>C</CODE></TD><TD></TD> |
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528 <TD>Wechselt zwischen den vorhandenen Vollbildmodi</TD></TR> |
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529 <TR><TD></TD><TD><CODE>W/S</CODE></TD><TD></TD> |
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530 <TD>gleiche Funktionen wie * und / (Mixersteuerung)</TD></TR> |
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531 </TABLE> |
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533 <H4>Bekannte Fehler:</H4> |
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534 |
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535 <UL> |
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536 <LI>Tasten, die bei sdl:aalib einmal gedrückt werden, bleiben aus |
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537 Sicht des Programmes gedrückt (benutz also <CODE>-vo aa</CODE>!). |
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538 Das ist ein Fehler in SDL, den ich nicht beheben kann (mit SDL 1.2.1 |
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539 getestet).</LI> |
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540 <LI>Benutze AUF KEINEN FALL SDL mit dem GUI! Das funktioniert nicht so, |
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541 wie es sollte.</LI> |
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542 </UL> |
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543 |
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544 <H4><A NAME="svgalib">2.3.1.2.4 SVGAlib</A></H4> |
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7079 | 546 <H4>Installation</H4> |
547 | |
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548 <P>Du must zuerst die svgalib und die dazugehörigen Devel-Pakete |
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549 installieren, bevor du <B>MPlayer</B> compilierst, da es die Svgalib sonst |
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550 nicht automatisch findet und den Treiber dazu nicht compiliert (das kann aber |
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551 trotzdem erzwungen werden). Vergiss auch nicht, in |
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552 <CODE>/etc/vga/libvga.config</CODE> richtige Werte für deine Grafikkarte |
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553 & deinen Monitor anzugeben.</P> |
7079 | 554 |
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555 <H4>Anmerkungen</H4> |
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556 |
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557 <P>Verwende nicht die <CODE>-fs</CODE>-Option, da sie die Benutzung des |
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558 Softwareskalierers erzwingt, und das ganze dann langsam wird. Wenn du diese |
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559 Option wirklich brauchst, dann verwende auch <CODE>-sws 4</CODE>, welche zwar |
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560 schlechte Qualität produziert, dafür aber auch ein wenig schneller |
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561 ist.</P> |
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562 |
1895 | 563 |
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564 <H4>EGA(4bpp)-Unterstützung</H4> |
1895 | 565 |
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566 <P>SVGAlib beinhaltet die EGAlib, und <B>MPlayer</B> kann damit jeden Film in |
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567 16 Farben bei den folgenden Modi anzeigen:</P> |
1895 | 568 |
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569 <UL> |
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570 <LI>EGA-Karte mit EGA-Monitor: 320x200x4bpp, 640x200x4bpp, 640x350x4bpp</LI> |
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571 <LI>EGA-Karte mit CGA-Monitor: 320x200x4bpp, 640x200x4bpp</LI> |
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572 </UL> |
1895 | 573 |
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574 <P>Der bpp-Wert (Bits pro Pixel) muss von Hand auf vier gesetzt werden:<BR> |
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575 <CODE>-bpp 4</CODE><BR> |
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576 Die Auflösung des Films muss wahrscheinlich verkleinert werden, damit |
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577 er in den EGA-Modus reinpasst:<BR> |
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578 <CODE>-vop scale=640:350</CODE> or<BR> |
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579 <CODE>-vop scale=320:200</CODE><BR> |
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580 Dafür brauchen wir eine schnelle, aber schlechte Qualität |
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581 produzierende Skalierroutine:<BR> |
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582 <CODE>-sws 4</CODE><BR> |
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583 Eventuell muss die automatische Anpassung des |
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584 Höhen-/Breitenverältnisses ausgeschaltet werden:<BR> |
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585 <CODE>-noaspect</CODE></P> |
1895 | 586 |
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587 |
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588 <H4><A NAME="fbdev">2.3.1.2.5 Framebuffer-Ausgabe (FBdev)</A></H4> |
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589 |
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590 <P><CODE>./configure</CODE> erkennt automatisch, ob es den Framebuffertreiber |
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591 (fbdev) compilieren soll oder nicht. Lies die Framebufferdokumentation in den |
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592 Kernelquellen (<CODE>Documentation/fb/*</CODE>); dort stehen mehr |
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593 Informationen.</P> |
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594 |
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595 <P>Falls deine Karte den VBE 2.0-Standard nicht unterstützt (wie z.B. |
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596 ältere ISA-/PCI-Karten wie die S3 Trio64) oder nur VBE 1.2 und |
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597 älter unterstützt: Tja, dann kannst du immer noch VESAfb benutzen, |
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598 benötigst aber den SciTech Display Doctor (ehemals UniVBE), der vor dem |
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599 Booten von Linux geladen werden muss. Benutze dazu eine DOS-Bootdiskette oder |
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600 was auch immer. Vergiss nicht, deine Kopie von UniVBE zu registrieren ;).</P> |
1895 | 601 |
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602 <P>Die fbdev-Ausgabe kenn neben den üblichen Parametern noch einige |
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603 andere:</P> |
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604 |
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605 <DL> |
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606 <DT><CODE>-fb</CODE></DT> |
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607 <DD>Gibt das zu benutzende Framebuffergerät an |
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608 (Standard <CODE>/dev/fb0</CODE>)</DD> |
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609 |
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610 <DT><CODE>-fbmode</CODE></DT> |
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611 <DD>Gibt zu benutzenden Modusnamen an (wie sie in <CODE>/etc/fb.modes</CODE> |
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612 stehen)</DD> |
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613 |
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614 <DT><CODE>-fbmodeconfig</CODE></DT> |
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615 <DD>Konfigurationsdatei für die Modi (Standard |
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616 <CODE>/etc/fb.modes</CODE>)</DD> |
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618 <DT><CODE>-monitor_hfreq</CODE></DT> |
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619 <DT><CODE>-monitor_vfreq</CODE></DT> |
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620 <DT><CODE>-monitor_dotclock</CODE></DT> |
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621 <DD><STRONG>Wichtige</STRONG> Werte, schau dir die <CODE>example.conf</CODE> |
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622 an</DD> |
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623 </DL> |
1895 | 624 |
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625 <P>Wenn du in einen speziellen Modus wechseln willst, dann benutze</P> |
1895 | 626 |
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627 <P><CODE> mplayer -vm -fbmode (Modusname) |
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628 Dateiname</CODE></P> |
1895 | 629 |
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630 <UL> |
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631 <LI><B>-vm</B> ohne weitere Optionen wird den am besten passenden Modus |
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632 aus <CODE>/etc/fb.modes</CODE> auswählen. Kann auch zusammen mit |
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633 <CODE>-x</CODE> und <CODE>-y</CODE> benutzt werden. Die Option <CODE>- |
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634 flip</CODE> wird nur dann unterstützt, wenn das Pixelformat des |
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635 Films mit dem Pixelformat des Videomodus übereinstimmt. Pass auf den |
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636 bpp-Wert auf. fbdev wird den aktuell eingestellten benutzen, wenn du |
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637 nicht mit <CODE>-bpp</CODE> einen bestimmten angibst.</LI> |
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638 <LI><B>-zoom</B> wird nicht unterstützt (Softwareskalierung ist |
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639 langsam). <CODE>-fs</CODE> wird nicht unterstützt. Du kannst keine |
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640 Modi mit 8bpp oder weniger benutzen.</LI> |
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641 <LI>Wahrscheinlich wirst du den Cursor (<CODE>echo -e '\033[?25l'</CODE> |
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642 oderr <CODE>setterm -cursor off</CODE>) und den Bildschirmschoner |
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643 (<CODE>setterm -blank 0</CODE>) deaktivieren wollen. Um den Cursor wieder |
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644 zu aktivieren: <CODE>echo -e '\033[?25h'</CODE> oder <CODE>setterm - |
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645 cursor on</CODE>. </LI> |
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646 </UL> |
1895 | 647 |
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648 <P>Anmerkung: fbdev kann den Videomodus in Verbindung mit dem VESA- |
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649 Framebuffer nicht ändern. Frag auch nicht danach - das ist keine |
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650 Einschränkung seitens <B>MPlayer</B>.</P> |
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652 <H4><A NAME="mga_vid">2.3.1.2.6 Matrox-Framebuffer (mga_vid)</A></H4> |
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654 <P>Dieser Abschnitt beschäftigt sich mit der Unterstützung für |
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655 den BES (Back-End Scaler, Hardwareskalierungseinheit) bei Karten mit dem |
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656 Matrox-G200/G400/G450/G550-Chip durch das mga_vid-Kernelmodul. Es wird von |
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657 mir (A'rpi) aktiv entwickelt und bietet Unterstützung für Hardware- |
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658 VSYNC und Dreifachpufferung. Dieser Treiber funktioniert sowohl unter der |
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659 Framebufferconsole als auch unter X.</P> |
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661 <P><B>WARNUNG</B>: Auf nicht-Linux-Systemen solltest du <A |
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662 HREF="#vidix">VIDIX</A> für mga_vid benutzen!</P> |
1895 | 663 |
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664 <P><B>Installation:</B></P> |
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665 <OL> |
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666 <LI>Um den Treiber benutzen zu können, musst du erstmal mga_vid.o |
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667 compilieren: |
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668 <P><CODE>cd drivers<BR> |
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669 make</CODE></P></LI> |
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670 <LI>Jetzt erstelle das Gerät <CODE>/dev/mga_vid</CODE>: |
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671 <P><CODE>mknod /dev/mga_vid c 178 0</CODE></P> |
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672 <P>und lade das Kernelmodul:</P> |
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673 <P><CODE>insmod mga_vid.o</CODE></P></LI> |
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674 <LI>Du solltest sicherstellen, dass das Modul die Größe des |
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675 Grafikkartenspeichers korrekt ermittelt hat. Benutze dazu |
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676 <CODE>dmesg</CODE>. Wenn die Angabe nicht stimmt, dann gib nach |
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677 <CODE>rmmod mga_vid</CODE> mithilfe der Option <CODE>mga_ram_size</CODE> |
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678 die Größe explizit an: |
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679 <P><CODE>insmod mga_vid.o mga_ram_size=16</CODE></P></LI> |
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680 <LI>Wenn das Modul automatisch geladen und entladen werden soll, sobald |
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681 es benötigt wird, so füge die folgende Zeile in der Datei |
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682 <CODE>/etc/modules.conf</CODE> ein: |
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683 <P><CODE>alias char-major-178 mga_vid</CODE></P> |
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684 <P>Jetzt kopiere <CODE>mga_vid.o</CODE> in das entsprechende Verzeichnis |
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685 unterhalt von <CODE>/lib/modules/<Kernelversion>/irgendwo</CODE>. |
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686 </P> |
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687 <P>Jetzt gib ein:</P> |
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688 <P><CODE>depmod -a</CODE></P></LI> |
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689 <LI>Schließlich musst du noch <B>MPlayer</B> (erneut) compilieren. |
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690 <CODE>configure</CODE> wird automatisch <CODE>/dev/mga_vid</CODE> finden |
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691 und den 'mga'-Treiber erstellen. Die entsprechende Option für |
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692 <B>MPlayer</B> lautet <CODE>-vo mga</CODE>, wenn du mit dem matroxfb |
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693 auf der Console arbeitest, oder <CODE>-vo xmga</CODE>, wenn du unter |
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694 XFree 3.x.x oder XFree 4.x.x arbeitest.</P></LI> |
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695 </OL> |
1895 | 696 |
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697 <P>Der mga_vid-Treiber kooperiert mit Xv.</P> |
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698 |
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699 <P>Das <CODE>/dev/mga_vid</CODE>-Gerät kann z.B. mit <CODE>cat |
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700 /dev/mga_vid</CODE> ausgelesen werden, um ein paar Informationen über |
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701 den aktuellen Zustand zu erhalten. Die Helligkeit kann zusätzlich mit |
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702 z.B. <CODE>echo "brightness=120" > /dev/mga_vid</CODE> angepasst |
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703 werden.</P> |
1895 | 704 |
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705 |
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706 <H4><A NAME="tdfxfb">2.3.1.2.7 3dfx-YUV-Unterstützung (tdfxfb)</A></H4> |
1895 | 707 |
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708 <P>Dieser Treiber benutzt den tdfx-Framebuffertreiber des Kernels, um Filme |
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709 mit YUV-Beschleunigung abzuspielen. Deswegen benötigst du einen Kernel |
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710 mit tdfxfb-Unterstütztung. Danach musst du <B>MPlayer</B> compilieren |
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711 und <CODE>configure</CODE> mit der Option <CODE>--enable-tdfxfb</CODE> |
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712 aufrufen.</P> |
1895 | 713 |
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714 |
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715 <H4><A NAME="opengl">2.3.1.2.8 OpenGL-Ausgabe</A></H4> |
1895 | 716 |
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717 <P><B>MPlayer</B> unterstützt die Ausgabe von Filmen via OpenGL. Wenn |
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718 aber deine Plattform/dein Treibe Xv unterstützt (was bei PCs mit Linux |
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719 praktisch immer der Fall ist), dann benutze besser Xv, da die OpenGL- |
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720 Geschwindigkeit deutlich geringer als die von Xv ist. Wenn du dagegen eine |
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721 X11-Implementation hast, die Xv nicht unterstützt, so mag OpenGL eine |
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722 brauchbare Alternative sein.</P> |
1895 | 723 |
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724 <P>Leider unterstützden nicht alle Treiber die erforderlichen Features. |
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725 Die Utah-GLX-Treiber (für XFree86 3.3.6) unterstützen sie für |
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726 alle Karten. Auf <A HREF="http://utah-glx.sourceforge.net">http://utah- |
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727 glx.sourceforge.net</A> findest du Details zur Installation.</P> |
6314 | 728 |
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729 <P>XFree86(DRI) 4.0.3 oder neuer unterstützt OpenGL mit Matrox- und |
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730 Radeon-Karten, 4.2.0 und neuer unterstützen zustätzlich Rage128. |
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731 Auf <A HREF="http://dri.sourceforge.net">http://dri.sourceforge.net</A> |
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732 findest du Details zur Installation.</P> |
1895 | 733 |
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734 |
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735 <H4><A NAME="aalib">2.3.1.2.9 AAlib - Ausgabe im Textmodus</A></H4> |
1895 | 736 |
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737 <P><B>AAlib</B> ist eine Bilbiothek, mit der Grafiken im Textmodus angezeigt |
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738 werden, wobei ein mächtiger Textmodusrenderer benutzt wird. Es gibt SEHR |
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739 viele Programme, die das bereits unterstützen, wie z.B. Doom, Quake etc. |
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740 <B>MPlayer</B> enthält einen sehr gut brauchbaren Treiber für |
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741 AAlib. Wenn <CODE>./configure</CODE> feststellt, dass die AAlib installiert |
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742 ist, dann wird anschließend der AAlib-Treiber gebaut.</P> |
1895 | 743 |
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744 <TABLE BORDER=0> |
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745 <TR><TD COLSPAN=4><P><B>Du kannst diese Tasten im AA-Fenster benutzen, |
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746 um die Render-Optionen zu beeinflussen:</B></P></TD></TR> |
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747 <TR><TD> </TD><TD><CODE>1</CODE></TD><TD> </TD> |
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748 <TD>Kontrast verringern</TD></TR> |
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749 <TR><TD></TD><TD><CODE>2</CODE></TD><TD></TD> |
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750 <TD>Kontrast erhöhen</TD></TR> |
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751 <TR><TD></TD><TD><CODE>3</CODE></TD><TD></TD> |
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752 <TD>Helligkeit verringern</TD></TR> |
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753 <TR><TD></TD><TD><CODE>4</CODE></TD><TD></TD> |
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754 <TD>Helligkeit erhöhen</TD></TR> |
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755 <TR><TD></TD><TD><CODE>5</CODE></TD><TD></TD> |
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756 <TD>Schnelles Rendern an-/ausschalten</TD></TR> |
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757 <TR><TD></TD><TD><CODE>6</CODE></TD><TD></TD> |
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758 <TD>Wahl des Farbverteilungsmodus (keiner, Fehlerverteilung, |
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759 Floyd Steinberg)</TD></TR> |
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760 <TR><TD></TD><TD><CODE>7</CODE></TD><TD></TD> |
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761 <TD>Bild invertieren</TD></TR> |
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762 <TR><TD></TD><TD><CODE>a</CODE></TD><TD></TD> |
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763 <TD>schaltet zwischen den MPlayer- und den AA-Tastenbelegungen um |
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764 </TD></TR> |
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765 </TABLE> |
1895 | 766 |
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767 <P><B>Die folgenden Kommandozeilenparamter stehen zur VerfügungT:</B></P> |
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768 <DL> |
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769 <DT><CODE>-aaosdcolor=V</CODE></DT> |
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770 <DD>OSD-Farbe ändern</DD> |
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771 |
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772 <DT><CODE>-aasubcolor=V</CODE></DT> |
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773 <DD>Farbe der Untertitel ändern |
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774 <P><I>V kann folgende Werte annehmen: (0/normal, 1/dark ( = dunkel), |
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775 2/bold ( = fett), 3/bold font ( = fette Schrift), 4/reverse ( = negative |
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776 Farben), 5/special)</I></P></DD> |
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777 </DL> |
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778 |
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779 <P><B>Die AAlib selber bietet ebenfalls eine große Anzahl von Optionen. |
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780 Hier sind die wichtigsten:</B></P> |
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781 |
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782 <DL> |
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783 <DT><CODE>-aadriver</CODE></DT> |
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784 <DD>wählt den empfohlenen aa-Treiber (X11, curses, Linux)</DD> |
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785 |
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786 <DT><CODE>-aaextended</CODE></DT> |
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787 <DD>benutze alle 256 Zeichen</DD> |
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788 |
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789 <DT><CODE>-aaeight</CODE></DT> |
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790 <DD>benutze auch ASCII-Zeichen mit dem achten Bit</DD> |
1895 | 791 |
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792 <DT><CODE>-aahelp</CODE></DT> |
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793 <DD>gibt alle aalib-Optionen aus</DD> |
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794 </DL> |
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795 |
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796 <P>ANMERKUNG: Das Rendern ist sehr CPU-intensiv, vor allem, wenn AA unter X |
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797 benutzt wird. AAlib braucht auf einer Nicht-Framebuffer-Console am wenigstens |
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798 CPU-Zeit. Benutze <CODE>SVGATextMode</CODE>, um einen möglichst |
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799 großen Textmodus zu wählen, und genieß den Film! (Hercules- |
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800 Karten als zweitem Ausgebegerät rocken :)) (Kann irgendjemand |
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801 fbdev/hgafb beibringen, Konvertierung/Farbverteilung vorzunehmen? Wär |
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802 nett :))</P> |
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803 |
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804 <P>Wenn dein Computer nicht schnell genug ist, um alle Bilder anzuzeigen, |
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805 dann benutz <CODE>-framedrop</CODE>.</P> |
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806 |
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807 <P>Wenn du auf einem Terminal abspielst, dann erzielst du mit dem Linux- |
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808 Treiber (<CODE>-aadriver linux</CODE>) bessere Ergebnisse als mit dem curses- |
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809 Treiber. Allerdings benötigst du dafür auch Schreibrechte auf |
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810 <CODE>/dev/vcsa<terminal></CODE>. Das wird nicht automatisch von aalib |
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811 festgestellt, aber vo_aa versucht, den besten Modus herauszufinden. Lies <A |
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812 HREF="http://aa-project.sourceforge.net/tune/">http://aa- |
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813 project.sourceforge.net/tune/</A> für weitere Tuningtipps.</P> |
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814 |
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815 <H4><A NAME="vesa">2.3.1.2.10 VESA - Ausgabe über das VESA-BIOS</A></H4> |
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816 |
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817 <P>Dieser Treiber ist vom Design her ein <B>generischer Treiber</B> für |
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818 alle Grafikkarten, deren Bios VESA VBE 2.0+ unterstützt. Ein weiterer |
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819 Vorteil dieses Treibers liegt darin, dass er versucht, den TV-Ausgang anzuschalten. |
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820 <BR><B>VESA BIOS EXTENSION (VBE) Version 3.0 Date: September 16, 1998</B> (Seite 70) |
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821 hat folgendes zu sagen:</P> |
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822 |
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823 <BLOCKQUOTE> |
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824 <B>Design für zwei Controller</B><BR> |
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825 |
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826 VBE 3.0 unterstützt zwei Controller dadurch, dass angenommen wird, |
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827 dass beide Controller vom gleichen OEM (Hardwarehersteller) stammen und |
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828 unter Kontrolle desselben BIOS auf derselben Grafikkarte sitzen. Somit ist |
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829 es möglich, die Tatsache, dass zwei Controller vorhanden sind, vor der |
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830 Anwendung zu verbergen. Das verhindert zwar, dass beide Controller |
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831 unabhängig voneinander gesteuert werden, erlaubt andererseits aber, |
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832 dass Anwendungen weiterhin problemlos funktionieren, die vor Erscheinen der |
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833 VBE-3.0-Spezifikation geschrieben wurden. Die VBE-Funktion 00h (Auskunft |
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834 über die Controller, Return Controller Information) gibt |
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835 dementsprechend die kombinierten Informationen über beide Controller |
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836 zurück, was auch eine kobinierte Liste der vorhandenen Grafikmodi |
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837 einschließt. Sobald eine Anwendung einen Grafikmodus wählt, wird |
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838 der entsprechende Controller aktiviert. Alle weiteren VBE-Funtkionen werden |
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839 dann auf diesem Controller ausgeführt. |
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840 </BLOCKQUOTE> |
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841 |
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842 <P>Somit hast du also eine Chance, den TV-Ausgang mit diesem Treiber zum |
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843 Laufen zu bringen.<BR> |
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844 (Ich vermute, dass der TV-Ausgang normalerweise auf einer separaten |
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845 Grafikkarte oder zumindest ein separater Ausgang ist.)</P> |
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846 |
7079 | 847 <H4>Vorteile:</H4> |
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848 |
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849 <UL> |
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850 <LI>Du hast die Möglichkeit, selbst dann Filme anzusehen, wenn |
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851 <B>Linux nichts von deiner Grafikhardware weiß</B>.</LI> |
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852 <LI>Du musst keine einzige Grafikanwendung installiert haben (wie |
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853 X11/XFree86, fbdev usw.). Dieser Treiber wird im <B>Textmodus</B> |
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854 benutzt.</LI> |
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855 <LI>Die Chancen stehen gut, dass der <B>TV-Ausgang funktioniert</B>. (Es |
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856 funktioniert nachweislich zumindest auf ATI-Karten.)</LI> |
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857 <LI>Dieser Treiber ruft wirklich die <B>int 10h</B>-Routine auf und ist |
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858 dementsprechend kein Emulator - er ruft <B>echte</B> Funktionen des |
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859 <B>echten</B> BIOS im <B>Real</B>-Modus auf (bzw. im vm68-Modus).</LI> |
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860 <LI>Du kannst den Treiber zusammen mit Vidis benutzen und erhälst |
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861 dadurch gleichzeitig hardwarebeschleunigte Grafikanzeige <B>UND</B> den |
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862 TV-Ausgang! (für ATI-Karten empfohlen)</LI> |
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863 <LI>Wenn du ein VESA-VBE-3.0+-BIOS hast und irgendwo die Optionen |
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864 <CODE>monitor_hfreq</CODE>, <CODE>monitor_vfreq</CODE>, |
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865 <CODE>monitor_dotclock</CODE> angegeben werden (Kommandozeile, |
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866 Konfigurationsdatei), dann bekommst du die höchstmögliche |
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867 Bildwiederholrate (mit den generischen Timingformeln). Um dieses Feature |
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868 zu aktivieren, müssen <B>alle</B> Monitoroptionen angegeben |
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869 werden.</LI> |
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870 </UL> |
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871 |
7079 | 872 <H4>Nachteile:</H4> |
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873 |
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874 <UL> |
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875 <LI>Der Treiber funtkioniert nur auf <B>x86-Systemen</B>.</LI> |
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876 <LI>Er kann nur von <B>root</B> benutzt werden.</LI> |
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877 <LI>Momentan ist er nur für <B>Linux</B> verfügbar.</LI> |
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878 </UL> |
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879 |
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880 <P>Benutz diesen Treiber nicht mit <B>GCC 2.96</B>! Das wird nicht |
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881 funktionieren!</P> |
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882 |
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883 <P><B>Bei VESA verfügbare Kommandozeilenoptionen:</B></P> |
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884 <DL> |
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885 <DT><CODE>-vo vesa:opts</CODE></DT> |
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886 <DD>momentan erkannte Optionen <B>dga</B>, um den DGA-Modus zu erzwingen |
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887 und <B>nodga</B>, um ihn zu deaktivieren. Im DGA-Modus kannst du den |
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888 Doppelpuffermodus mit <CODE>-double</CODE> aktivieren. Anmerkung: Du |
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889 kannst diese Parameter auch weglassen, um die <B>automatische |
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890 Erkennung</B> des DGA-Modus zu ermöglichen.</DD> |
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891 </DL> |
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892 |
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893 <H4>Bekannte Probleme und wie man sie umgeht:</H4> |
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894 |
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895 <UL> |
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896 <LI>Wenn du unter Linux eine <B>NLS</B>-Schrift verwendest und du den |
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897 VESA-Treiber aus dem Textmodus heraus aufrufst, dann wird nach dem |
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898 Beenden von <B>MPlayer</B> die <B>ROM-Schrift</B> anstelle der nationalen |
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899 geladen sein. Du kannst die nationale Schriftart erneut mit |
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900 <B><I>setsysfont</I></B>-Tool laden, das z.B. bei Mandrake zur |
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901 Distribution gehört.<BR> (<B>Tipp:</B> Das gleiche Tool wird |
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902 für die Lokalisation von fbdev verwendet.)</LI> |
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903 <LI>Eine <B>Linux-Grafiktreiber</B> aktualisieren nicht den aktiven |
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904 <B>BIOS-Modus</B> im DOS-Speicher. Wenn du also so ein Problem hast, dann |
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905 benutze den VESA-Treiber nur aus dem <B>Textmodus</B> heraus. Andernfalls |
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906 wird immer der Textmodus (#03) aktiviert werden, und du wirst den |
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907 Computer neustarten müssen.</LI> |
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908 <LI>Oftmals siehst du nur einen <B>schwarzen Bildschirm</B>, wenn der |
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909 VESA-Treiber beendet wird. Um die Anzeige wieder in den richtigen Zustand |
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910 zu versetzen, wechsele einfach zu einer anderen Console (mit <B>Alt- |
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911 Fx</B>) und wieder zurück.</LI> |
1895 | 912 |
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913 <LI>Um eine <B>funktionierenden TV-Ausgabe</B> zu erhalten, musst du das |
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914 TV-Kabel eingesteckt haben, bevor du deinen PC bootest, da das BIOS nur |
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915 einmal während der POST-Phase initialisiert wird.</LI> |
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916 </UL> |
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917 |
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918 <H4><A NAME="x11">2.3.1.2.11 X11</A></H4> |
1895 | 919 |
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920 <P>Vermeide diesen Treiber, wenn's geht. Er benutzt X11 (mit den Shared- |
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921 Memory-Erweiterungen) ohne jegliche Hardwarebeschleunigung. Unterstützt |
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922 MMX-/3DNow/SSE-beschleunigte Softwareskalierung mit den Optionen <CODE>-fs - |
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923 zoom</CODE>, aber die ist trotzdem langsam. Die meisten Karten bieten |
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924 Unterstützung für Hardwareskalierung. Benutze also <CODE>-vo |
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925 xv</CODE> in den meisten fällen bzw. <CODE>-vo xmga</CODE> bei Matrox- |
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926 Karten.</P> |
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927 |
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928 <P>Ein Problem liegt darin, dass die meisten Grafikkartentreiber |
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929 Hardwarebeschleunigung nicht beim zweiten Ausgang/beim TV-Ausgang |
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930 unterstützen. In diesen Fällen siehst du nur ein grünes/blaues |
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931 Fenster anstelle des Films. Hier ist der X11-Treiber ganz praktisch, aber du |
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932 brauchst trotzdem eine schnelle CPU für die Softwareskalierung. Benutze |
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933 nicht den SDL-Ausgabetreiber und SDLs Skalierer, da dieser eine schlechtere |
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934 Qualität bietet!</P> |
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|
935 |
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936 <P>Softwareskalierung ist sehr langsam. Versuch also besser, vorher in einen |
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937 anderen Videomodus zu schalten. Das ist sehr einfach. Such die |
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938 <A HREF="#dga_modelines">Modelines in der DGA-Sektion</A> und füge sie |
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939 in deine <CODE>XF86Config</CODE> ein.</P> |
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940 |
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941 <UL> |
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942 <LI>Wenn du XFree86 4.x.x hast, dann benutze die Option <CODE>-vm</CODE>. |
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943 <B>MPlayer</B> wird dann die Auflösung in diejenige ändern, |
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944 in die dein Film am besten hineinpasst. Wenn das nicht funktioniert:</LI> |
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945 <LI>Unter XFree86 3.x.x musst du mit <B>CTRL-ALT-plus</B> und <B>-minus</B> |
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946 die Auflösung ändern.</LI> |
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947 </UL> |
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948 |
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949 <P>Wenn du die soeben eingefügten Modi nicht wiederfindest, dann schau |
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950 dir die Ausgabe von XFree86 an. Einige Treiber können nicht die |
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951 niedrigen Pixelclock-Werte benutzen, die für niedrige Auflösungen |
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952 vonnöten sind.</P> |
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|
953 |
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954 <H4><A NAME="vidix">2.3.1.2.12 VIDIX</A></H4> |
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955 |
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956 <P>VIDIX ist eine Abkürzung für <B>VID</B>eo <B>I</B>nterface for |
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957 *ni<B>X</B> (Video-Schnittstelle für *n*x).<BR> VIDIX wurde entworfen, |
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958 um eine Schnittstelle für schnelle Userspacetreiber für |
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959 Grafikkarten zur Verfügung zu stellen, so wie es mga_vid für |
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960 Matroxkarten tut. VIDIX ist ebenfalls sehr portabel.</P> |
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961 |
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962 <P>Diese Schnittstelle wurde als Versuch entworfen, den vorhandenen |
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963 Schnittstellen für Videobeschleunigung (mga_vid, rage128_vid, |
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964 radeon_vid, pm3_vid) ein einheitliches Dach zu geben. Sie stellt einen |
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965 einheitlichen Highlevel-Zugang zu BES- und OV-Chips zur Verfügung |
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966 (BackEnd Scaler und Video Overlays). Sie stellt keine Lowlevel-Funktionen |
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967 für z.B. Grafikserver zur Verfügung. (Ich möchte nicht mit dem |
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968 X11-Leuten in Sachen Grafikmodusumschaltung konkurieren.) Das Ziel dieser |
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969 Schnittstelle liegt also einfach darin, die höchstmögliche |
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970 Geschwindigkeit bei der Videowiedergabe zu erreichen.</P> |
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971 |
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972 <H4>BENUTZUNG</H4> |
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973 |
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974 <UL> |
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975 <LI>Du kannst den eigenständigen Videotreiber benutzen: |
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976 <CODE>-vo vidix</CODE><BR> |
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977 Dieser Treiber wurde als das X11-Frontend für die VIDIX-Technologie |
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978 entwickelt. Er benötigt dementsprechend einen X-Server und |
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979 funktioniert auch nur unter X. Beachte, dass der Pixmap-Cache korumpiert |
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980 werden kann, weil der Treiber unter Umgehung des X-Treibers direkt auf |
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981 die Hardware zugreift. Du kannst das dadurch verhindern, dass du die von |
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982 X verwendete Menge des Grafikspeichers verringerst. Benutze dafür |
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983 die Option "VideoRam" in der "device"-Sektion der |
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984 <CODE>XF86Config</CODE>. Du solltest da die installierte Menge |
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985 Grafikspeicher minus 4MB eintragen. Wenn du über weniger als 8MB |
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986 Grafikspeicher verfügst, dann solltest du stattdessen die Option |
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987 "XaaNoPixmapCache" in der "screen"-Sektion verwenden.</LI> |
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988 |
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989 <LI>Du kannst auch das VIDIX-Untergerät verwenden, das bei vielen |
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990 Treibern zur Verfügung steht:<BR> |
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991 <CODE>-vo vesa:vidix</CODE> (<B>nur unter Linux</B>) und |
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992 <CODE>-vo fbdev:vidix</CODE></LI> |
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|
993 </UL> |
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|
994 |
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995 <P>Es ist in der Tat nicht wichtig, welcher Videoausgabetreiber mit |
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996 <B>VIDIX</B> verwendet wird.</P> |
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997 |
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998 <H4>ANFORDERUNGEN</H4> |
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999 |
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1000 <UL> |
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1001 <LI>Die Grafikkarte sollte sich gerade im Grafikmodus befinden (ich |
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1002 schreibe <B>sollte</B>, weil ich's mal im Textmodus ausprobiert habe - es |
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1003 funktioniert zwar, produziert aber hässliche Ausgabe ;) Benutze in |
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1004 diesem Fall AAlib).<BR> |
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1005 <I>Anmerkung: Jeder kann diesen Trick ausprobieren, indem er den |
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1006 Moduswechsel im vo_vesa-Treiber auskommentiert.</I></LI> |
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1007 <LI><B>MPlayer</B>s Videoausgabetreiber sollte den aktiven Videomodus |
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1008 kennen und in der Lage sein, dem VIDIX-Untergerät ein paar |
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1009 Charakteristika des X-Servers mitzuteilen.</LI> |
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1010 </UL> |
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1011 |
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1012 <P>Ich hoffe, dass jeder von <B>MPlayer</B>s Videoausgabetreibern das |
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1013 <CODE>:vidix</CODE>-Untergerät erkennt.</P> |
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1014 |
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1015 <H4>BEDIENUNG</H4> |
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1016 |
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1017 <P>Wenn VIDIX als <B>Untergerät</B> (<CODE>-vo vesa:vidix</CODE>) |
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1018 benutzt wird, dann wird die Konfiguration des Videomodus vom |
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1019 Videoausgabegerät erledigt (kurz <B>vo_server</B>). Deswegen kannst du |
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1020 die gleichen Kommandozeilenparameter wie für vo_server verwenden. |
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1021 Zusätzlich ist die Option <CODE>-double</CODE> global verfügbar. |
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1022 (Ich empfehle diese Option zumindest bei VIDIX und ATI-Karten.)<BR> <CODE>-vo |
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1023 xvidix</CODE> erkennt momentan die folgenden Optionen: <CODE>-fs -zoom -x -y |
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1024 -double</CODE>.</P> |
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1025 |
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1026 <P>Du kannst den VIDIX-Treiber auch direkt als drittes Teilargument auf der |
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1027 Kommandozeile angeben:<BR><BR> |
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1028 |
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1029 <code>mplayer -vo xvidix:mga_vid.so -fs -zoom -double |
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1030 file.avi</code><BR> |
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1031 oder<BR> |
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1032 <code>mplayer -vo vesa:vidix:radeon_vid.so -fs -zoom -double -bpp |
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1033 32 file.avi</code><BR><BR> |
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1034 |
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1035 Das ist allerdings gefährlich, und du solltest das lieber nicht tun. |
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1036 Hierbei wird die Verwendung des angegebenen Treibers erzwungen, und das |
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1037 Resultat ist unklar (dein Computer könnte sogar <B>abstürzen</B>). |
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1038 Du solltest das wirklich NUR DANN tun, wenn du absolut sicher bist, dass es |
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1039 funktioniert und <B>MPlayer</B> es nicht eh schon automatisch auswählt. |
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1040 Berichte den Entwicklern von deinen Erfahrungen. Die korrekte Art, VIDIX zu |
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1041 benutzen, ist ohne das dritte Teilargument, sodass <B>MPlayer</B> automatishc |
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1042 den richtigen Treiber aussucht.</P> |
1895 | 1043 |
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1044 <P>VIDIX ist eine sehr junge Technologie. Es ist deshalb gut möglich, |
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1045 dass sie auf deinem System (OS=abc, CPU=xyz) nicht funktioniert. In diesem |
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1046 Fall liegt deine einzige Möglichkeit darin, VIDIX auf dein System zu |
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1047 portieren (hauptsächlich die <CODE>libdha</CODE>). Aber es gibt immer |
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1048 noch die Hoffnung, dass es auf den Systemen funktioniert, auf denen auch X11 |
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1049 funktioniert.</P> |
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1050 |
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1051 <BLOCKQUOTE> |
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1052 <B>Warnung: Sicherheitsrisiko</B><BR> |
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1053 Leider <B>musst</B> du <B>root-Privilegien</B> haben, um VIDIX benutzen zu |
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1054 können, da VIDIX direkt auf die Hardware zugreift. Zumindest das |
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1055 <B>SUID</B>-Bit muss beim <B>MPlayer</B>-Executable gesetzt sein. |
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1056 </BLOCKQUOTE> |
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1057 |
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1058 <H4><A NAME="directfb">2.3.1.2.13 DirectFB</A></H4> |
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1059 |
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1060 <P><I>"DirectFB ist eine Grafikbibliothek, deren Zielplattform eingebettete |
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1061 Systeme sind. Sie bietet maximale Hardwarebeschleunigung bei minimalem |
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1062 Ressourcenverbrauch und minimalem Overhead."</I> - Zitat von <A |
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1063 HREF="http://www.directfb.org">http://www.directfb.org</A>.</P> |
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1064 |
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1065 <P>Ich lasse die DirectFB-Features in dieser Sektion weg.</P> |
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1066 |
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1067 <P>Obwohl <B>MPlayer</B> nicht als "Videoprovider" bei DirectFB |
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1068 unterstützt wird, bietet dieser Treiber Videowiedergabe mittels |
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1069 DirectFB. Die Wiedergabe ist - natürlich - hardwarebeschleunigt. Bei |
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1070 meiner Matrox G400 war der DirectFB genauso schnell wie XVideo.</P> |
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1071 |
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1072 <P>Versuche, immer die neueste Version von DirectFB zu verwenden. Du kannst |
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1073 DirectFB-Optionen mit der <CODE>-dfbopts</CODE>-Option auf der Kommandozeile |
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1074 angeben. Layer-Auswahl erfolgt durch Angabe als Teilargument, z.B. mit |
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1075 <CODE>-vo directfb:2</CODE> (Layer -1 ist der Standardwert: automatische |
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1076 Layerauswahl). </P> |
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1077 |
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|
1078 |
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1079 <H4><A NAME="dfbmga">2.3.1.2.14 DirectFB/Matrox (dfbmga)</A></H4> |
1895 | 1080 |
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1081 <P>Bitte lies die <A HREF="#directfb">DirectFB-Sektion</A> für generelle |
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1082 Informationen über DiretcFB.</P> |
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1083 |
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1084 <P>Dieser Videoausgabetreiber wird auf einer Matrox G400 den CRTC2 (des |
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1085 zweiten Ausgangs) aktivieren und damit das Video <B>unabhängig</B> vom |
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1086 primären Ausgang anzeigen.</P> |
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1087 |
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1088 <P>Anweisungen, um das zum Laufen zu bringen, stehen in der <A |
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1089 HREF="../tech/directfb.txt">Techniksektion</A> oder direkt auf der <A |
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1090 HREF="http://www.sci.fi/~syrjala/directfb/readme.txt">Homepage von |
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1091 Ville Syrjala's</A>.</P> |
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1092 |
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1093 <P>Anmerkung: Uns ist es nicht gelungen, das zum Laufen zu bringen, aber |
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1094 anderen schon. Wie auch immer, eine Portierung des CRTC2-Codes für |
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1095 <B>mga_vid</B> ist bereits in Arbeit.</P> |
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1096 |
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1097 |
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1098 <H4><A NAME="mpegdec">2.3.1.3 MPEG-Dekoderkarten</A></H4> |
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1099 |
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1100 <H4><A NAME="dvb">2.3.1.3.1 DVB</A></H4> |
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1101 |
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1102 <P><B>MPlayer</B> unterstützt Karten mit dem Siemens-DVB-Chipsatz von |
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1103 Herstellern wie Siemens, Technotrend, Galaxis oder Hauppauge. Die neuesten |
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1104 DVB-Treiber gibt's auf der <A HREF="http://www.linuxtv.org">Linux TV- |
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1105 Seite</A>. Wenn du in Transcodierung in Software machen willst, dann brauchst |
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1106 du eine CPU mit mindestens 1GHz.</P> |
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1107 |
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1108 <P><CODE>configure</CODE> sollte automatisch deine DVB-Karte erkennen. Wenn |
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1109 es das nicht tut, dann erzwinge DVB-Unterstützung mit</P> |
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1110 |
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1111 <PRE> |
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1112 ./configure --enable-dvb |
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1113 </PRE> |
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1114 |
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1115 <P>Wenn die ost-Headerdateien nicht an ihrem normalen Platz liegen, dann gib |
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1116 explizit den Pfad zu ihnen an:</P> |
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1117 |
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|
1118 <PRE> |
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1119 ./configure --with-extraincdir=<DVB-Quellenverzeichnis>/ost/include |
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1120 </PRE> |
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1121 |
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1122 <P>Dann compiliere und installiere wie sonst auch.</P> |
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1123 |
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1124 <H4>BEDIENUNG</H4> |
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1125 |
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1126 <P>Hardwaredecodierung (Abspielen von Standard-MPEG1/2-Dateien) geschieht mit |
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1127 diesem Kommando:</P> |
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1128 |
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1129 <PRE> |
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1130 mplayer -ao mpegpes -vo mpegpes file.mpg|vob |
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1131 </PRE> |
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1132 |
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1133 <P>Softwaredecodierung oder die Transcodierung verschiedener Formate nach |
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1134 MPEG1 klappt so:</P> |
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1135 |
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1136 <PRE> |
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1137 mplayer -ao mpegpes -vo mpegpes -vop lavc deinedatei.ext |
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1138 mplayer -ao mpegpes -vo mpegpes -vop fame,expand deinedatei.ext |
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1139 </PRE> |
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1140 |
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1141 <P>Beachte, dass DVB-Karten nur bestimmte Bildhöhen unterstützen: |
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1142 288 und 576 für PAL und 240 und 480 für NTSC. Du <B>musst</B> das |
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1143 Bild vorher skalieren, wenn die Höhe nicht einer der oben erwähnten |
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1144 entspricht: <CODE>-vop scale=width:height</CODE>. DVB-Karten |
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1145 unterstützen eine Vielzahl von horizontalen Auflösungen wie z.B. |
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1146 720, 704, 640, 512, 480, 352 etc. Sie skalieren horizontal selber in |
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1147 Hardware, sodass du meistens nicht in horizontaler Richtung skalieren musst. |
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1148 Bei einem 512x384-DivX kannst du folgendes probieren:</P> |
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1149 |
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1150 <PRE> |
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1151 mplayer -ao mpegpes -vo mpegpes -vop lavc,scale=512:576 |
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1152 </PRE> |
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1153 |
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1154 <P>Wenn du einen Widescreen-Film hast und du ihn nicht auf die volle |
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1155 Höhe skalieren möchtest, dann kannst du den |
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1156 <CODE>expand=w:h</CODE>-Filter benutzen, um schwarze Balken |
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1157 hinzuzufügen. Um ein 640x384-DivX anzuschauen:</P> |
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1158 |
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1159 <PRE> |
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1160 mplayer -ao mpegpes -vo mpegpes -vop lavc,expand=640:576 file.avi |
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1161 </PRE> |
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|
1162 |
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1163 <P>Wenn deine CPU für 720x576-DivX zu langsam ist, dann skalier |
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|
1164 herunter:</P> |
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|
1165 |
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|
1166 <PRE> |
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1167 mplayer -ao mpegpes -vo mpegpes -vop lavc,scale=352:576 file.avi |
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|
1168 </PRE> |
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|
1169 |
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1170 <P>Wenn sich die Geschwindigkeit nicht verbessert, dann skalier auch in |
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|
1171 vertikaler Richtung:</P> |
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|
1172 |
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|
1173 <PRE> |
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1174 mplayer -ao mpegpes -vo mpegpes -vop lavc,scale=352:288 file.avi |
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1175 </PRE> |
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|
1176 |
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1177 <P>Für ein OSD und Untertitel kannst du das OSD-Feature des expand- |
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1178 Filters benutzen. Anstelle von <CODE>expand=w:h</CODE> oder |
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1179 <CODE>expand=w:h:x:y</CODE> benutzt du dafür |
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1180 <CODE>expand=w:h:x:y:1</CODE> (der fünfte Parameter <CODE>:1</CODE> |
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1181 schaltet die OSD-Anzeige an). Eventuell willst du das Bild ein wenig nach |
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1182 oben schieben, um unten mehr Platz für die Untertitel zu haben. |
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1183 Vielleicht willst du auch die Untertitel hochschieben, wenn sie ansonsten |
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1184 außerhalb des Sichtbereiches des Fernsehers liegen. Das kannst du mit |
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1185 <CODE>-subpos <0-100></CODE> erreichen, wobei <CODE>-subpos 80</CODE> |
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1186 meistens eine gute Wahl darstellt.</P> |
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|
1187 |
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1188 <P>Um Filme mit weniger/mehr als 25 Bildern pro Sekunde auf einem PAL- |
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1189 Fernseher abzuspielen, oder wenn du eine langsame CPU hast, verwende die |
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1190 Option <CODE>-framedrop</CODE>.</P> |
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|
1191 |
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1192 <P>Um das Höhen-/Breitenverhältnis des DivX beizubehalten und |
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1193 trotzdem die optimalen Skalierungsparameter zu verweden (Hardwareskalierung |
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1194 in horizontaler Richtung und Softwareskalierung in vertikaler Richtung unter |
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1195 Beibehaltung des richtigen Höhen-/Breitenverhältnisses), benutze |
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1196 den neuen dvbscale-Filter:</P> |
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1197 |
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1198 <PRE> |
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1199 für 3:4 TV: -vop lavc,expand=-1:576:-1:-1:1,scale=-1:0,dvbscale |
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1200 für 16:9 TV: -vop lavc,expand=-1:576:-1:-1:1,scale=-1:0,dvbscale=1024 |
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1201 </PRE> |
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1202 |
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1203 <H4>AUSBLICK</H4> |
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1204 |
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1205 <P>Wenn du Fragen hast oder an der Diskussion über zukünfitge |
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1206 Features teilnehen willst, dann melde dich an unserer <A |
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1207 HREF="http://mplayerhq.hu/mailman/listinfo/mplayer-dvb">MPlayer-DVB</A> |
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1208 Mailingliste an. Denk bitte daran, dass dort Englisch gesprochen wird.</P> |
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1209 |
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1210 <P>Für die Zukunft kannst du mit der Möglichkeit, das OSD und die |
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1211 Untertitel mit den eingebauten Funktionen der DVB-Karten anzuzeigen, mit |
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1212 flüssigerer Wiedergabe von Filmen mit weniger/mehr als 25 Bildern pro |
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1213 Sekunde und mit Echtzeittranscodierung zwischen MPEG2 und MPEG4 (partielle |
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1214 Decompression) rechnen.</P> |
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|
1215 |
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1216 |
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1217 <H4><A NAME="dxr2">2.3.1.3.2 DXR2</A></H4> |
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1218 |
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1219 <P>TODO: Bitte schreib hier jemand ein paar Informationen rein.</P> |
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|
1220 |
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1221 |
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1222 <H4><A NAME="dxr3">2.3.1.3.3 DXR3/Hollywood+</A></H4> |
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1223 |
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1224 <P><B>MPlayer</B> unterstützt die hardwarebeschleunigte Wiedergabe mit |
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1225 den Karten Creative DXR3 und Sigma Designs Hollywood Plus. Beide Karten |
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1226 basieren auf dem em8300-MPEG-Decoderchip von Sigma Designs.</P> |
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1227 |
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1228 <P>Als erstes brauchst du korrekt installierte DXR3/H+-Treiber, Version |
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1229 0.12.0 oder neuer. Diese Treiber und weitere Installationsanweisungen findest |
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1230 du auf der Seite <A HREF="http://dxr3.sourceforge.net/">DXR3 & Hollywood |
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1231 Plus for Linux</A>. <CODE>configure</CODE> sollte die Karte automatisch |
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1232 finden. Die Compilierung sollte auch problemlos funktionieren.</P> |
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1233 |
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1234 <H4>Bedienung:</H4> |
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1235 <DL> |
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1236 <DT><CODE>-vo dxr3:prebuf:sync:norm=x:<device></CODE></DT> |
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1237 |
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1238 <DD><CODE>overlay</CODE> aktiviert das Overlay anstelle des TV-Ausgangs. |
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1239 Dafür brauchst du ein korrekt konfiguriertes Overlaysetup. Am |
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1240 einfachsten konfigurierst du das Overlay mit dem Tool |
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1241 <CODE>autocal</CODE>. Danach starte <B>MPlayer</B> mit dxr3-Ausgabe und |
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1242 ohne Overlay anzuschalten. Starte <CODE>dxr3view</CODE>. Mit dxr3view |
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1243 kannst du die Overlayeinstellungen verändern und siehst die |
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1244 Auswirkungen sofort. Eventuell wird dieses Feature irgendwann vom |
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1245 <B>MPlayer</B>-GUI unterstützt. Wenn du das Overlay richtig |
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1246 eingestellt hast, dann brauchst du dxr3view nicht mehr laufen zu |
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1247 lassen.<BR> |
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1248 |
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1249 <CODE>prebuf</CODE> schaltet Prebuffering ein. Das ist ein Feature des |
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1250 em8300-Chips, das es ihm ermöglicht, mehr als nur ein Bild |
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1251 gleichzeitig zu speichern. Das bedeutet, dass <B>MPlayer</B> in diesem |
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1252 Modus versucht, den Puffer ständig mit Daten gefüllt zu halten. |
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1253 Wenn du einen langsamen Rechner hast, dann wird <B>MPlayer</B> |
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1254 wahrscheinlich die meiste Zeit über knapp oder genau 100% der CPU- |
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1255 Zeit belegen. Das ist vor allem dann der Fall, wenn du echte MPEG-Streams |
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1256 (z.B. DVDs, SVCDs etc) abspielst, da <B>MPlayer</B> nicht nach MPEG |
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1257 encodieren muss und den Puffer sehr schnell wird füllen |
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1258 können.<BR> |
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1259 |
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1260 Mit Prebuffering ist die Videowiedergabe <B>viel</B> weniger |
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1261 gegenüber anderen CPU-intensiven Programmen anfällig. Frames |
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1262 werden nur dann verworfen, wenn eine andere Applikation für eine |
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1263 sehr lange Zeit die CPU belegt.<BR> |
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1264 |
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1265 Wenn kein Prebuffering verwendet wird, dann ist der em8300 viel |
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1266 anfälliger gegenüber CPU-Last. Somit wird dringend empfohlen, |
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1267 <B>MPlayer</B>s <CODE>-framedrop</CODE>-Option zu verwenden, um die A/V- |
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1268 Sync zu erhalten.<RB> |
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1269 |
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1270 <CODE>sync</CODE> aktiviert die neue sync-Methode. Dieses Feature ist |
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1271 momentan noch experimentell. Bei dieser Methode beobachtet <B>MPlayer</B> |
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1272 ständig die interne Uhr des em8300-Chips. Weicht diese von |
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1273 <B>MPlayer</B>s Uhr ab, so wird die des em8300-Chips zurückgesetzt, |
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1274 sodass dieser alle Frames verwirft, die hinterherhängen.<BR> |
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1275 |
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1276 <CODE>norm=x</CODE> setzt den TV-Standard der DXR3-Karte, ohne dafür |
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1277 externe Programme wie <CODE>em8300setup</CODE> zu benötigen. |
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1278 Gültige Werte sind 5 = NTSC, 4 = PAL-60, 3 = PAL. Spezielle Standards |
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1279 sind 2 (automatische Erkennung mit PAL/PAL-60) und 1 (automatische |
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1280 Erkennung für PAL/NTSC), da sie den Standard in Abhängigkeit |
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1281 der FPS des Films setzen. Moderne Fernseher sind in der Lage, sowohl |
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1282 PAL als auch NTSC abzuspielen. Wenn man Filme mit ihrer ursprünglichen |
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1283 Anzahl von Bildern pro Sekunde ansieht, so erhält man die |
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1284 beste Wiedergabe ohne verworfene Bilder. norm = 0 (Standard) ändert |
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1285 den momentan eingestellten TV-Standard nicht.<BR> |
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1286 |
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1287 <CODE><device></CODE> = Gerätenummer wählt die zu |
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1288 verwendene em8300-Karte, falls du mehrere davon hast.<BR> |
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1289 |
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1290 Jede dieser Optionen kann auch weggelassen werden.<BR> |
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1291 |
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1292 <CODE>:prebuf:sync</CODE> scheint sehr gut zu funktionieren, wenn du DivX |
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1293 abspielst - und das selbst auf AMD-CPUs. Andererseits gab es Berichte von |
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1294 Leuten, die Probleme mit dieser Option und normalen MPEGs hatten. Du |
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1295 solltest es also zuerst ohne Optionen probieren. Wenn du Sync-Probleme |
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1296 hast, dann probier <CODE>:sync</CODE> aus.</DD> |
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1297 |
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1298 <DT><CODE>-ao oss:/dev/em8300_ma-X</CODE></DT> |
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1299 <DD>Audioausgabe, wobei <CODE>X</CODE> die Gerätenummer ist |
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1300 (0 bei nur einer Karte).</DD> |
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1301 |
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1302 <DT><CODE>-aop list=resample:fout=xxxxx</CODE></DT> |
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1303 <DD>Der em8300 kann keine Sampleraten niedriger als 44100Hz abspielen. |
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1304 Wenn die Samplerate weniger als 44100Hz beträgt, dann wähle |
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1305 44100Hz oder 48000Hz, je nachdem, welche davon besser passt. Beispiel: |
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1306 Wenn der Film 22050Hz benutzt, dann wähle 44100Hz, da 44100 / 2 = |
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1307 22050 ist. Bei 24000Hz nimmst du 48000Hz etc. Das funktioniert nicht mit |
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1308 der digitalen Audioausgabe (<CODE>-ac hwac3</CODE>).</DD> |
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1309 |
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1310 <DT><CODE>-vop lavc/fame</CODE></DT> |
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1311 <DD>Wenn du nicht-MPEG-Filme mit dem em8300 ansehen möchtest (z.B. |
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1312 DivX oder RealVideo), dann musst du einen MPEG1-Videofilter wie lavcodec |
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1313 (lavc) oder libfame (fame) verwenden. Momentan ist lavc sowohl schneller |
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1314 als auch qualitativ besser, sodass die Empfehlung lavc lautet. Schau in |
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1315 der Manpage nach. Dort stehen weitere Informationen zu <CODE>-vop |
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1316 lavc/fame</CODE>.<BR> |
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1317 Die Benutzung von lavc wird empfohlen. Momentan gibt es keine |
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1318 Möglichkeit, die Anzahl der Bilder pro Sekunde des em8300 zu setzen, |
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1319 was bedeutet, dass sie fest bei 29.97 liegt. Aus diesem Grund solltest du |
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1320 <CODE>-vop lavc=<quality>:25</CODE> verwenden, besonders dann, wenn |
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1321 du auch Prebuffering verwendest. Warum aber 25 und nicht 29.97? Tja, die |
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1322 Sache ist, dass das Bild bei 29.97 unruhig wird. Wir wissen leider nicht, |
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1323 warum das so ist. Wenn du Werte zwischen 25 und 27 benutzt, dann wird das |
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1324 Bild stabil. Momentan können wir das nur als gegeben hinnehmen.</DD> |
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1325 |
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1326 <DT><CODE>-vop lavc,expand=-1:-1:-1:-1:1</CODE></DT> |
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1327 <DD>Obwohl der DXR3-Treiber ein OSD über das MPEG1-/2-/4-Video |
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1328 projezieren kann, ist es qualitativ deutlich schlechter als |
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1329 <B>MPlayer</B>s traditionelles OSD, und es hat diverse Probleme mit der |
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1330 Erneuerung der Anzeige. Das oben angegebene Kommando konvertiert das |
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1331 Video erst nach MPEG4 (das ist leider erforderlich) und wendet dann den |
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1332 expand-Filter an, der zwar das Bild nicht vergrößert (-1: = |
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1333 Standardwerte) aber dafür das normale OSD auf das Bild stanzt (die |
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1334 "1" am Ende).</DD> |
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1335 |
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1336 |
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1337 <DT><CODE>-ac hwac3</CODE></DT> |
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1338 <DD>Der em8300 unterstützt die Audiowiedergabe von AC3-Streams |
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1339 (Surroundsound) über den digitalen Ausgang der Karte. Schau oben bei |
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1340 der <CODE>-ao oss</CODE>-Option nach. Sie muss angegeben werden, um den |
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1341 DXR3-Ausgang anstelle der Soundkarte anzugeben. Lies auch die <A |
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1342 HREF="codecs.html#hardware_ac3">Hardware-AC3-Sektion</A>. Dort findest du |
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1343 weitere Details.</DD> |
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1344 </DL> |
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1345 |
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1346 <H4>Anmerkungen zu MPEG1, MPEG2, VCD und DVD</H4> |
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1347 |
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1348 <P>In manchen Fällen werden Untertitel nicht synchron zum Audio/Video |
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1349 angezeigt, wenn Hardwaredecodierung verwendet wird. Das ist ein bekanntes |
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1350 Problem. Der em8300 kommt auch nicht mit zu großen Untertiteln zurecht. |
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1351 Er wird dann eine oder zwei Sekunden hängen. Momentan ist die einzige |
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1352 Möglichkeit zur Umgehung des Problems die Verwendung von <CODE>-vop |
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1353 lavc</CODE> bei DVDs mit Untertiteln. Wenn <CODE>-vop lavc</CODE> verwendet |
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1354 wird, dann encodiert <B>MPlayer</B> das Video erneut nach MPEG1, selbst wenn |
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1355 es vorher bereits MPEG1 war. Das bedeutet, dass mehr CPU-Power benötigt |
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1356 wird, und dass ein wenig Bildqualität verloren geht.</P> |
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1357 |
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1358 |
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1359 <H4><A NAME="other">2.3.1.4 Andere Anzeigehardware</A></H4> |
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1360 |
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1361 <H4><A NAME="zr">2.3.1.4.1 Zr</A></H4> |
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1362 |
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1363 <P>Dieser Treiber ist ein Anzeigetreiber (<CODE>-vo zr</CODE>), der |
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1364 verschiedeene MJPEG-Aufnahme-/-Wiedergabekarten unterstützt. Getestet |
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1365 wurde er mit DC10+ und Buz, und er sollte auch mit der LML33 und der |
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1366 Original-DC10 funktionieren. Dieser Treiber encodiert jedes Bild nach JPEG |
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1367 und schickt es dann an die Karte. Für die Encodierung wird |
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1368 <B>libavcodec</B> benutzt und dementsprechend auch benötigt. Mit dem |
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1369 speziellen <I>cinemara</I>-Modus kannst du Filme auch tatsächlich im |
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1370 Breitbildformat anschauen, wenn du zwei Beamer und zwei MJPEG-Karten hast. |
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1371 Abhängig von der Qualität und Auflösung braucht dieser Treiber |
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1372 eine Menge CPU-Power. Benutz also besser die <CODE>-framedrop</CODE>-Option, |
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1373 wenn deine Maschine zu langsam ist. Anmerkung: Mein AMD K6-2 350MHz ist |
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1374 durchaus in der Lage, Filme in VCD-Größe mit <CODE>- |
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1375 framedrop</CODE> wiederzugeben.</P> |
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1376 |
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1377 <P>Dieser Treiber benutzt den Kerneltreiber, den du unter <A |
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1378 HREF="http://mjpeg.sourceforge.net">http://mjpeg.sourceforge.net</A> |
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1379 herunterladen kannst. Dieser muss also vorher schon funktionieren. |
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1380 <CODE>configure</CODE> erkennt automatisch vorhandene MJPEG-Karten. Wenn |
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1381 nicht, dann erzwinge zr mit</P> |
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1382 |
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1383 <PRE> |
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1384 ./configure --enable-zr |
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1385 </PRE> |
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1386 |
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1387 <P>Die Ausgabe kann mit diversen Optionen gesteuert werden. Eine |
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1388 vollständige Liste findest du in der Manpage. Eine kurze Auflistung gibt |
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1389 dir auch</P> |
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|
1390 |
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1391 <PRE> |
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1392 mplayer -zrhelp |
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1393 </PRE> |
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|
1394 |
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1395 <P>Sachen wie das OSD und Skalierung werden nicht von diesem Treiber |
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1396 erledigt, aber sie können natürlich durch Filter realisiert werden. |
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1397 Beispiel: Angenommen, du hast einen Film mit einer Auflösung von |
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1398 <CODE>512x272</CODE>, und du möchtest ihn im Vollbild auf deiner DC10+ |
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1399 anschauen. Du hast dann drei Möglichkeiten: den Film auf eine Breite von |
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1400 <CODE>768</CODE>, <CODE>384</CODE> oder <CODE>192</CODE> zu skalieren. Aus |
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1401 Geschwindigkeits- und Qualitätsgründen würde ich empfehlen, |
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1402 den Film auf <CODE>384x204</CODE> mit dem bilinearen Algorithmus zu |
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1403 skalieren. Die Kommandozeile sieht dazu wie folgt aus:</P> |
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1404 |
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1405 <PRE> |
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1406 mplayer -vo zr -sws 0 -vop scale=384:204 movie.avi |
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1407 </PRE> |
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1408 |
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1409 <P>Das Beschneiden des Bildes kann mit dem <CODE>crop</CODE>-Filter geschehen |
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1410 oder vom Treiber selber vorgenommen werden. Angenommen, der Film ist zu breit |
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1411 für die Anzeige deiner Buz, und du möchtest <CODE>-zrcrop</CODE> |
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1412 benutzen, um den Film schmaler zu machen. Dann benutzt du folgendes |
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1413 Kommando:</P> |
5185 | 1414 |
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1415 <PRE> |
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1416 mplayer -vo zr -zrcrop 720x320+80+0 benhur.avi |
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1417 </PRE> |
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1418 |
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1419 <P>Mit dem <CODE>crop</CODE>-Filter sieht es so aus:</P> |
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1420 |
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1421 <PRE> |
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1422 mplayer -vo zr -vop crop=720:320:80:0 benhur.avi |
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1423 </PRE> |
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1424 |
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1425 <P>Mehrfache Verwendung von <CODE>-zrcrop</CODE> aktiviert den |
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1426 <I>cinerama</I>-Modus. Das heißt, du kannst das Bild über mehrere |
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1427 Fernseher oder Beamer verteilen, um eine größere |
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1428 Anzeigefläche zu erreichen. Angenommen, du hast zwei Beamer. Der linke |
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1429 hängt an deiner Buz an <CODE>/dev/video1</CODE>, und der rechte |
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1430 hängt an deiner DC10+ an <CODE>/dev/video0</CODE>. Der Film hat eine |
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1431 Auflösung von <CODE>704x288</CODE>. Nehmen wir weiter an, dass du den |
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1432 rechten Beamer schwarz/weiß betreiben möchtest, und dass du auf |
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1433 dem linken Beamer Bilder mit der Qualitätsstufe <CODE>10</CODE> haben |
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1434 möchtest. Dann benutzt du dafür das folgende Kommando:</P> |
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1435 |
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1436 <PRE> |
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1437 mplayer -vo zr -zrdev /dev/video0 -zrcrop 352x288+352+0 -zrxdoff 0 -zrbw \ |
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1438 -zrcrop 352x288+0+0 -zrdev /dev/video1 -zrquality 10 movie.avi |
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1439 </PRE> |
4617
1bd05178a74d
"I finished the rest of the german documentation and fixed
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1440 |
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1441 <P>Wie du siehst gelten die Optionen vor dem zweiten <CODE>-zrcrop</CODE> nur |
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1442 für die DC10+ und die Optionen nach dem zweiten <CODE>-zrcrop</CODE> nur |
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1443 für die Buz. Die maximale Anzahl an MJPEG-Karten, die am |
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1444 <I>cinerama</I>-Modus teilnehmen, liegt bei vier, sodass du dir eine |
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1445 <CODE>2x2</CODE>-Videowand basteln kannst.</P> |
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1446 |
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1447 <P>Zuletzt ein wirklich wichtiger Hinweis: Starte oder beende auf keinen Fall |
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1448 XawTV während der Wiedergabe, da das deinen Computer zum Absturz bringen |
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1449 wird. Du kannst aber problemlos <B>ZUERST</B> XawTV, <B>DANN</B> MPlayer |
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1450 starten, warten, bis <B>MPlayer</B> fertig ist und <B>ZULETZT</B> XawTV |
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1451 beenden.</P> |
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1452 |
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1453 <H4><A NAME="blinken">2.3.1.4.2 Blinkenlights</A></H4> |
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1454 |
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1455 <P>Dieser Trieber kann Video mit dem Blinkenlights UDP-Protokoll wiedergeben. |
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1456 Wenn du nicht weißt, was Blinkenlights ist, dann brauchst du diesen |
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1457 Treiber auch nicht.</P> |
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1458 |
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1459 |
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1460 <H4><A NAME="tv-out">2.3.1.5 Unterstützung für die TV- |
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1461 Ausgabe</A></H4> |
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|
1462 |
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1463 |
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1464 <H4><A NAME="tv-out_matrox">2.3.1.5.1 Matrox G400-Karten</A></H4> |
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1465 |
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1466 <P>Unter Linux hast du zwei Möglichkeiten, den TV-Ausgang deiner |
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1467 G400 anzuschalten:</P> |
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1468 |
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1469 <P><B>WICHTIG:</B> Anweisungen für die Matrox G450/G550 und deren |
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1470 TV-Ausgänge findest du in der nächsten Sektion!</P> |
1895 | 1471 |
5185 | 1472 <UL> |
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1473 <LI><B>XFree86</B>: mit dem alten Treiber und dem HAL-Modul, welches es |
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1474 auf der <A HREF="http://www.matrox.com">Matrox-Seite</A> gibt. Damit |
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1475 bekommst du X auf dem Fernseher, aber <B>keine Hardwarebeschleunigung</B> |
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1476 wie unter Windows! Der zweite Ausgang besitzt nur einen YUV-Framebuffer. |
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1477 Der <I>BES</I> (BackEnd Scaler, die YUV-Skalierungseinheit des |
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1478 G200/G400/G450/G550) funktioniert mit ihm nicht! Der Windows-Treiber |
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1479 umgeht das irgendwie, wahrscheinlich dadurch, dass er die 3D-Engine |
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1480 für die Skalierung und den YUV-Framebuffer zur Anzeige des |
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1481 skalierten Bildes verwendet. Wenn du unbedingt X benutzen willst, dann |
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1482 probier <CODE>-vo x11 -fs -zoom</CODE>, aber das wird <B>LANGSAM</B> sein |
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1483 und den <B>Macrovision</B>-Kopierschutz aktiviert haben. (Du kannst |
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1484 Macrovision mit <A |
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1485 HREF="http://avifile.sourceforge.net/mgamacro.pl">diesem Perlscript</A> |
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1486 umgehen.)</LI> |
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|
1487 |
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1488 <LI><B>Framebuffer</B>: Mit den <B>matroxfb-Modulen</B> in den 2.4er |
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1489 Kerneln. 2.2er Kernel kennen den TV-Ausgang noch nicht und sind somit |
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1490 hierfür nicht geeignet. Du musst ALLE matroxfb-spezifischen Features |
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1491 bei der Compilierung anschalten (bis auf MultiHead). Compiliere sie als |
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1492 <B>Module</B>! Du musst ebenfalls I2C anschalten. |
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1493 |
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1494 <OL> |
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1495 <LI> |
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1496 Gehe nach <CODE>TVout/matroxset</CODE> und gib <CODE>make</CODE>. |
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1497 ein. Installiere <CODE>matroxset</CODE> in ein Verzeichnis, das |
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1498 in deinem PATH liegt.</LI> |
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|
1499 <LI> |
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1500 Wenn du <CODE>fbset</CODE> nicht installiert hast, dann gehe nach |
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1501 <CODE>TVout/fbset</CODE> und gib <CODE>make</CODE> ein. Installiere |
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1502 <CODE>fbset</CODE> in ein Verzeichnis, das in deinem PATH liegt.</LI> |
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|
1503 <LI> |
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1504 Geh jetzt in das Verzeichnis <CODE>TVout/</CODE> in den |
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1505 <B>MPlayer</B>-Quellen und führe dort <CODE>./modules</CODE> als |
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1506 root aus. Deine Textmodusconsole wird danach in den Framebuffermodus |
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1507 umschalten, aus dem es keinen Weg zurück gibt!</LI> |
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1508 <LI>Editiere als nächstes das Script <CODE>./matroxtv</CODE>. |
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1509 Es ird dir ein simples Menü präsentieren. Drücke |
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1510 <B>2</B> gefolgt von <B>ENTER</B>. Jetzt solltest du auf dem Fernseher |
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1511 das gleiche Bild wie auf dem Monitor sehen. Wenn das TV-Bild (PAL ist |
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1512 die Standardeinstellung) merkwürdige Streifen enthält, dann |
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1513 war das Script nicht in der Lage, die Auflösung richtig zu |
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1514 setzen (standardmäßig 640x512). Probier andere im Menü |
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1515 angebotene Auflösungen aus und/oder experimentier mit fbset.</LI> |
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1516 </OL> |
1895 | 1517 |
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1518 <P>So. Die nächste Aufgabe ist es, den Cursor auf tty1 (oder |
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1519 woauchimmer) verschwinden zu lassen, und den Bildschirmschoner |
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1520 auszuschalten. Führ folgende Kommandos aus:</P> |
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|
1521 |
6518
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|
1522 <P><CODE>echo -e '\033[?25l'</CODE> oder <CODE>setterm -cursor off<BR> |
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1523 setterm -blank 0</CODE></P> |
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|
1524 |
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1525 <P>Wahrscheinlich möchtest du das in ein Script packen und dabei |
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1526 gleich den Bildschirm löschen. Um den Cursor wieder |
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|
1527 anzuschalten:<BR> |
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1528 <CODE>echo -e '\033[?25h'</CODE> oder <CODE>setterm -cursor on</CODE></P> |
1895 | 1529 |
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1530 <P>Yeah, cool! Starte die Wiedergabe mit <CODE>mplayer -vo mga -fs - |
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1531 screenw 640 -screenh 512 <Dateiname></CODE><BR> |
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|
1532 |
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1533 (Wenn du X benutzt, dann wechsel jetzt auf den matroxfb mit z.B. CTRL- |
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|
1534 ALT-F1!)<BR> |
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|
1535 |
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1536 Ändere die 640x512, wenn du eine andere Auflösung |
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|
1537 verwendest.<BR> |
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|
1538 |
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1539 <B>Genieß die ultra-schnelle und featurereiche Wiedergabe |
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1540 mit dem Matrox-TV-Ausgang (sogar noch besser als Xv)!</B></P> |
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1541 </LI> |
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|
1542 </UL> |
1895 | 1543 |
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1544 <H4>Matrox-TV-Ausgangskabel zum Selberbau</H4> |
1895 | 1545 |
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1546 <P>Diese Informationen stammen von <B>Rácz Balázs</B>. Natürlich |
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1547 übernimmt niemand Verantwortung für irgendetwas oder jegliche |
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1548 Schäden, die durch diese Dokumentation entstehen.</P> |
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|
1549 |
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1550 <P>Der vierte Pin des CRTC2-Steckers ist das Composite-Videosignal. Masse |
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1551 liegt an den Pins sechs, sieben und acht.</P> |
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|
1552 |
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1553 <H4><A NAME="tv-out_matrox_g450">2.3.1.5.2 Matrox G450/G550-Karten</A></H4> |
2215 | 1554 |
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1555 <P>Unterstützung für den TV-Ausgang dieser Karten wurde erst |
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1556 kürzlich implementiert und ist noch nicht in den Standardkerneln |
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1557 enthalten. Momentan kann das <B>mga_vid</B>-Modul nicht benutzt werden, wenn |
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1558 ich recht informiert bin, da der G450/G550-Treiber nur in einer Konfiguration |
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1559 arbeitet: Der erste CRTC-Chip (mit den vielen Features) am ersten Display |
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1560 (meistens der Monitor), und der zweite CRTC (kein <B>BES</B> - |
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1561 Erläuterungen zum BES gibt's in der G400-Sektion oben) am Fernseher. |
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1562 Somit kannst du momentan nur den <I>fbdev</I>-Treiber benutzen.</P> |
7079 | 1563 |
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1564 <P>Der erste CRTC kann momentan nicht an den zweiten Ausgang umgeleitet |
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1565 werden. Der Author des matroxfb-Kernelmoduls, Petr Vandrovec, wird auch das |
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1566 irgendwann unterstützen, indem die Ausgabe des ersten CRTC auf beiden |
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1567 Ausgängen angezeigt wird, wie es momentan auch für die G400 |
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1568 empfohlen wird (siehe oben).</P> |
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1569 |
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1570 <P>Der dafür benötigte Kernelpatch und eine detaillierte Anleitung |
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1571 kann auf <A HREF="http://www3.sympatico.ca/dan.eriksen/matrox_tvout/"> |
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1572 http://www3.sympatico.ca/dan.eriksen/matrox_tvout/</A> gefunden werden.</P> |
2215 | 1573 |
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1574 <H4><A NAME="tv-out_ati">2.3.1.5.3 ATI-Karten</A></H4> |
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1575 |
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1576 <H5>VORWORT</H5> |
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1577 |
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1578 <P>Momentan möchte ATI keinen einzigen ihrer TV-Ausgabe-Chips unter |
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1579 Linux unterstützen, da sie die Macrovision-Technologie lizensiert |
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1580 haben.</P> |
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1581 |
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1582 <H5>STATUS DER ATI-TV-AUSGABEUNTERSTÜTZUNG UNTER LINUX</H5> |
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1583 |
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1584 <UL> |
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1585 <LI><B>ATI Mach64</B>: Von |
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1586 <A HREF="http://gatos.sf.net">gatos</A> unterstützt.</LI> |
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1587 <LI><B>ASIC Radeon VIVO</B>: Von |
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1588 <A HREF="http://gatos.sf.net">gatos</A> unterstützt.</LI> |
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1589 <LI><B>Radeon</B> and <B>Rage128</B>: Von <B>MPlayer</B> unterstützt! |
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1590 Lies die <a href="#vesa">VESA-Treiber-</a> und <A HREF="#vidix">VIDIX-</A> |
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1591 Sektionen.</LI> |
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1592 <LI><B>Rage Mobility P/M, Radeon, Rage 128, Mobility M3/M4</B>: Von |
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1593 <A HREF="http://www.stud.uni-hamburg.de/users/lennart/projects/atitvout/"> |
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1594 atitvout</A> unterstützt.</LI> |
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1595 </UL> |
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1596 |
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1597 <P>Benutze bei anderen Karten einfach den <A HREF="#vesa">VESA-Treiber</A> |
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1598 ohne VIDIX. Dafür brauchst du aber eine schnelle CPU.</P> |
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1599 |
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1600 <P>Nur eines musst du tun - <B>das TV-Kabel vor dem Booten eingeteckt |
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1601 haben</B>, da das BIOS sich nur einmal während der POST-Prozedur |
6680 | 1602 initialisiert.</P> |
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1603 |
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1604 |
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1605 <H4><A NAME="tv-out_voodoo">2.3.1.5.4 Voodoo 3</A></H4> |
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1606 |
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1607 <P>Lies <A HREF="http://www.iki.fi/too/tvout-voodoo3-3000-xfree">diese |
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1608 URL</A>.</P> |
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1609 |
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1610 |
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1611 <H4><A NAME="tv-out_nvidia">2.3.1.5.5 nVidia</A></H4> |
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1612 |
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1613 <P>Zuerst MUSST du die Closed-Soure-Treiber von <A |
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1614 HREF="http://nvidia.com">http://nvidia.com</A> herunterladen. Ich werde |
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1615 Installation und Konfiguration nicht im Detail beschreiben, da diese |
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1616 außerhalb der Aufgabe dieses Dokuments liegt.</P> |
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1617 |
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1618 <P>Nachdem du sichergegangen bist, dass XFree86, XVideo und die 3D- |
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1619 Beschleunigung funktionieren, ändere die <CODE>XF86Config</CODE>, und |
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1620 passe das folgende Beispiel deiner Karte an:</P> |
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1621 |
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1622 <PRE> |
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1623 Section "Device" |
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1624 Identifier "GeForce" |
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1625 VendorName "ASUS" |
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1626 BoardName "nVidia GeForce2/MX 400" |
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1627 Driver "nvidia" |
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1628 #Option "NvAGP" "1" |
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1629 Option "NoLogo" |
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1630 Option "CursorShadow" "on" |
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1631 |
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1632 Option "TwinView" |
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1633 Option "TwinViewOrientation" "Clone" |
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1634 Option "MetaModes" "1024x768,640x480" |
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1635 Option "ConnectedMonitor" "CRT, TV" |
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1636 Option "TVStandard" "PAL-B" |
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1637 Option "TVOutFormat" "Composite" |
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1638 |
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1639 EndSection |
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1640 </PRE> |
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1641 |
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1642 <P>Natürlich ist der wichtige Teil die TwinView-Optionen.</P> |
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1895 | 1644 </BODY> |
1645 </HTML> |