annotate DOCS/Italian/encoding.html @ 6824:50f0d99097f5

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author frodone
date Sat, 27 Jul 2002 20:46:48 +0000
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children 7c2605f7ab8d
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1 <HTML>
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2
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3 <HEAD>
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4 <LINK REL="stylesheet" TYPE="text/css" HREF="default.css">
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5 </HEAD>
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6
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7 <BODY BGCOLOR=white>
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8
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9
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10 <P><B><A NAME=2.4>2.4. Codificare con MEncoder</A></B></P>
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11
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12 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.1>2.4.1. Generale</B></P>
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13
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14 <P><B>MEncoder</B> (<B>MPlayer</B>'s Movie Encoder, Codificatore Filmati di MPlayer) è un semplice encoder,
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15 studiato per codificare i filmati leggibili da MPlayer
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16 (<B>AVI/ASF/OGG/DVD/VCD/VOB/MPG/MOV/VIV/FLI/RM/NUV/NET</B>) in altri formati leggibili da MPlayer
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17 (vedi sotto). Può usare vari codec, come <B>DivX4</B> (1 o
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18 2 passaggi), libavcodec, audio <B>PCM</B>/<B>MP3</B>/<B>VBRMP3</B>. Ha anche un
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19 potente sistema di plugin per la manipolazione video.</P>
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20
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21 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.2>2.4.2. Compilazione</B></P>
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22
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23 <P>
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24 <UL>
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25 <LI><B>OPZIONALE</B> - leggi le istruzioni di compilazione di <B>MPlayer</B>.
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26 <LI><B>OPZIONALE (SOLO PER LINUX)</B> - scarica le librerie <B>DivX4linux</B> più recenti
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27 da <A HREF="http://avifile.sourceforge.net/download.htm">avifile.sourceforge.net</A>,
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28 e installale CORRETTAMENTE. Ti servono se vuoi codificare in DivX4
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29 (1/2 passaggi).</LI>
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30 <LI><B>OPTIONAL</B> - <A HREF="codecs.html#2.2.1.9">scarica e installa
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31 <B>XViD</B></A>. Non molto utile, il codec <I>mpeg4</I> di libavcodec
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32 può codificare più velocemente e con una migliore qualità di XViD o DivX4/5.</LI>
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33 di una codifica più veloce del DivX4, con approssimativamente la stessa qualità.</LI>
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34 <LI><B>OPZIONALE</B> - per il supporto libavcodec, installa libavcodec come
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35 descritto nella <A HREF="codecs.html#2.2.1.2">sezione libavcodec</A>.</LI>
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36 <LI><B>OPZIONALE</B> - scarica e compila <B>libmp3lame</B> (da lame 3.89beta o lame CVS).<BR>
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37 <B>ATTENZIONE : NON COMPILARE LAME &lt; 3.90 CON <U>GCC 2.96</U> ! Non funzionerà
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38 correttamente !</B><BR>
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39 Questo
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40 è necessario per la possibilità di codificare audio CBR/VBR MP3. Nota che il singolo binario di
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41 <CODE>lame</CODE> non è sufficiente. Comunque: meno ottimizzazione usi
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42 per lame, migliore sarà la qualità. Puoi testare la
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43 qualità eseguendo <CODE>make test</CODE> dopo aver finito il processo di compilazione di
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44 lame. Il numero risultante dovrebbe essere minore di <B>30</B>. Non ti spaventare
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45 se è <B>400</B> o comunque alto, non dovresti sentire una diminuzione di
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46 qualità. Oh, e se il tuo compilatore non esegue nemmeno <CODE>make test</CODE> ...
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47 Bhe, cancella quel <B>GCC 2.96</B> o aggiorna lame almeno all versione <B>3.90</B>.</LI>
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48 <LI><B>OPZIONALE</B> - <CODE>libjpeg</CODE> e <CODE>libpng</CODE> -
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49 come descritto nella sezione <A HREF="documentation.html#1.3">Installazione</A>
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50 </LI>
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51 </UL>
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52 </P>
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53
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54 <P>Sei pronto. Come forse saprai, altri strumenti per la codifica necessitano installata
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55 la libreria <I>avifile</I>. <B>MEncoder</B> non ne ha per niente bisogno.</P>
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56
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57 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.3>2.4.3. Caratteristiche di MEncoder</B></P>
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58
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59 <P>
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60 <UL>
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61 <LI>codifica dall'ampia scelta di formati file e decoder di <B>MPlayer</B></LI>
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62 <LI>codifica in tutti i codec del
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63 <A HREF=codecs.html#2.2.1.2>libavcodec</A> di ffmpeg</LI>
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64 <LI>codifica video da <B>sintonizzatori TV compatibili con V4L</B></LI>
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65 <LI>codifica/multiplexing a file AVI intervallati con un indice corretto</LI>
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66 <LI>creazione di file da flusso audio esterno</LI>
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67 <LI>1, 2 o 3 passaggi video <B>DivX4</B></LI>
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68 <LI>Audio MP3 <B>VBR</B> - <B>NOTA IMPORTANTE</B> : l'audio MP3 VBR non sempre
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69 viene letto bene da i lettori di windows! D'altra parte, attualmente
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70 la codifica CBR di <B>MEncoder</B> non funziona coi lettori win32 :)</LI>
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71 <LI>Audio PCM</LI>
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72 <LI>copia da stream</LI>
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73 <LI>sincronizzazione dell'input A/V (basata su PTS, può essere disabilitata con l'opzione -mc 0)</LI>
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74 <LI>correzione FPS con l'opzione <CODE>-ofps</CODE> (utile quando si codifica
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75 un VOB a 29.97fps in un AVI a 24fps)</LI>
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76 <LI>usa il nostro potente sistema a plugin (taglia, espandi, capovolgi, post-processa,
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77 ruota, ridimensiona, conversione rgb/yuv)</LI>
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78 <LI>può codificare DVD/VOBsub <B>E</B> il testo dei sottotitoli nel file di output</LI>
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79 <LI>può catturare i sottotitoli dei DVD in formato Vobsub</LI>
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80 </UL>
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81 </P>
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82
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83 <P><B><I>Caratteristiche programmate</I></B> :
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84 <UL>
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85 <LI>ancora più ampia scelta disponibile di formati/codec di (de)codifica
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86 (creare file VOB con flussi DivX4/Indeo5/VIVO :)</LI>
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87 <LI>codifica audio da v4l</LI>
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88 </UL>
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89 </P>
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90
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91 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.3.1>2.4.3.1. Codificare DivX4 in 2 o 3 passaggi</B></P>
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92
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93 <P><U><B>codifica a 2 passaggi :</B></U> il nome deriva dal fatto che questo metodo codifica il file <I>due volte</I>.
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94 La prima codifica (<I>passaggio</I> doppiato) crea dei file temporanei (*.log) con una grandezza
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95 di pochi megabyte, non cancellarli ancora (puoi cancellare l' AVI). Nel secondo passaggio, viene creato il
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96 file di output, usando i dati sul bitrate dei file temporanei. Il file risultante avrà una
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97 migliore qualità d'immagine. Se questa è la prima volta che ne senti parlare,
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98 dovresti consultare alcune guide disponibili in rete.</P>
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99
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100 <P>Questo esempio mostra come codificare un DVD in un AVI DivX4 a 2 passaggi. Bisogna dare solo
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101 due comandi :<BR>
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102 <CODE>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;rm frameno.avi</CODE> - rimuovi questo file che può essere rimasto
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103 da una precedente codifica a 3 passaggi (interferisce col processo attuale)<BR>
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104 <CODE>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mencoder -dvd 2 -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:altre_opzioni
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105 -o movie.avi -pass 1<BR>
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106 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mencoder -dvd 2 -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:altre_opzioni -o movie.avi -pass 2</CODE></P>
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107
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108 <P><U><B>codifica a 3 passaggi :</B></U> questa è un' estensione della codifica a 2 passaggi,
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109 dove la codifica audio avviene in un passaggio separato. Questo metodo abilita la
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110 stima del bitrate video raccomandato per far stare il file risultante in un CD. In più,
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111 l'audio è codificato solo una volta, diversamente dalla modalità in 2 passaggi. Schema :</P>
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112
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113 <P>
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114 <TABLE>
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115 <TR>
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116 <TD>
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117 <CODE>rm frameno.avi</CODE></TD>
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118 <TD>
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119 <B>rimuovi il file temporaneo che va in conflitto</B></TD>
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120 </TR>
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121 <TR>
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122 <TD>
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123 <CODE>mencoder &lt;file/DVD&gt; -ovc frameno -o
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124 frameno.avi</CODE></TD>
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125 <TD>
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126 <B><U>Primo passaggio</U> : sarà creato un file avi di solo audio, contenente SOLO
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127 il flusso audio richiesto. Non dimenticare <CODE>-lameopts</CODE>, se ne
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128 hai bisogno. Se stai codificando un filmato lungo, MEncoder da
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129 i valori di bitrate consigliati per dimensioni di destinazione di 650Mb, 700Mb, e 800Mb,
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130 dopo la fine di questo passaggio.</B></TD>
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131 </TR>
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132 <TR>
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133 <TD>
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134 <CODE>mencoder &lt;file/DVD&gt; -oac copy -pass 1
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135 -ovc divx4 -divx4opts br=&lt;bitrate&gt;</CODE></TD>
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136 <TD>
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137 <B><U>Secondo passaggio</U> : cioè il primo passaggio della codifica del video DivX4.
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138 Puoi specificare il bitrate video dato da MEncoder alla fine del precedente
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139 passaggio.</B></TD>
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140 </TR>
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141 <TR>
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142 <TD>
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143 <CODE>mencoder &lt;file/DVD&gt; -oac copy -pass 2
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144 -ovc divx4 -divx4opts br=&lt;bitrate&gt;</CODE></TD>
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145 <TD>
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146 <B><U>Terzo passaggio</U> : cioè il secondo passaggio della codifica video DivX4.
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147 Puoi specificare il bitrate video dato da MEncoder alla fine del precedente
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148 passaggio. In questo passaggio, l'audio da <CODE>frameno.avi</CODE> sarà inserito
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149 nel file di destinazione.. ed è tutto pronto!</B></TD>
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150 </TR>
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151 </TABLE>
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152 </P>
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153
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154 <P><B>Esempio di codifica a 3 passaggi :</B></P>
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155
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156 <P><CODE>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;rm frameno.avi</CODE> - rimuovi questo file,
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157 che può essere rimasto da una precedente codifica a 3 passaggi (interferisce con quella attuale)<BR>
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158
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159 <CODE>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mencoder -dvd 2 -ovc frameno
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160 -o frameno.avi<BR>
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161 <CODE>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mencoder -dvd 2
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162 -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:altre_opzioni -oac copy -o movie.avi -pass 1<BR>
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163 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mencoder -dvd 2
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164 -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:altre_opzioni -oac copy -o movie.avi -pass 2</CODE>
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165 </P>
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166
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167 <P><U><B>Codifica a 2 o 3 passaggi usando il controller interno di libavcodec</B></U> :
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168 Opzionalmente puoi usare la modalità interna a 2 o 3 passaggi di libavcodec, può risoltare
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169 una migliore accuratezza del frame rate che usando il controller esterno, ispirato a DivX4
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170 con libavcodec.<BR>
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171 <UL>
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172 <B>codifica a 2 passaggi</B> :<BR>
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173 <CODE>rm -f lavc_stats.txt<BR>
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174 mencoder -dvd 2 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vpass=1 (opzioni audio) -o movie.avi<BR>
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175 mencoder -dvd 2 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vpass=2 (opzioni audio) -o movie.avi</CODE><BR>
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176 <BR>
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177 <B>codifica a 3 passaggi</B> :<BR>
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178 <CODE>rm -f frameno.avi lavc_stats.txt<BR>
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179 mencoder -dvd 2 -ovc frameno (opzioni audio) -o frameno.avi<BR>
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180 mencoder -dvd 2 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vpass=1 -oac copy -o movie.avi<BR>
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181 mencoder -dvd 2 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vpass=2 -oac copy -o movie.avi</CODE><BR>
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182 </UL>
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183 </P>
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184
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185 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.3.2>2.4.3.2. Ridimensionare i filmati</B></P>
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186
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187 <P>Spesso emerge l'esigenza di ridimensionare le immagini del filmato. Le ragioni possono essere molte,
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188 come diminuire la grandezza del file di output, codificare SVCD in DivX. I DVD "rippati"
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189 sono spesso da ridimensionare, per esempio un DVD in scala 4:3 dovrebbe essere in 640x480, specialmente se vuoi
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190 che entri in 1 CD, e avere una buona qualità allo stesso tempo.
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191 Gli SVCD hanno dimensione di 480x480, e la loro intestazione contiene le proporzioni
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192 che il lettore dovrebbe usare (Es.: 480x480 + 4:3 = 640x480). Però quando codifichi
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193 un file AVI (DivX), devi fare attenzione che l'intestazione dell'AVI non includa
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194 questo valore. Quindi, l'unica soluzione è ridimensionare.</P>
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195
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196 <P>Il processo di ridimensionamento è gestito dal filtro video <I>'scale'</I>:
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197 <CODE>-vop scale=X:Y</CODE>. La qualità può essere impostata tramite l'opzione
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198 <CODE>-sws</CODE>. Se non specificata, <B>MEncoder</B> userà il valore 0 :
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199 bilineare veloce.</P>
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200
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201 <P>Utilizzo :<BR>
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202 <CODE>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mencoder esempio-svcd.mpg -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:altre_opzioni -vop scale=640:480 -sws 2 -o output.avi</CODE></P>
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203
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204
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205 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.3.3>2.4.3.3. Copia da stream</B></P>
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206
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207 <P><B>MEncoder</B> può gestire i flussi in entrata in due modi : <B>codificandoli</B> o
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208 <B>copiandoli</B>. Questa sezione tratta la <B>copia</B>.</P>
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209
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210 <P>
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211 <UL>
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212 <LI><B>Flusso video</B> (opzione <CODE>-ovc copy</CODE>) : si possono fare tante belle cose :)<BR>
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213 Come, mettere (non convertire!) video FLI o VIVO o MPEG1 in un file AVI !
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214 Naturalmente solo <B>MPlayer</B> può leggere tali file :) E probabilmente non ha
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215 alcuna utilità nella vita reale. Seriamente : la copia del flusso video può essere utile per esempio
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216 quando si vuole codificare solo il flusso audio (come, PCM non compresso
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217 in MP3).</LI>
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218
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219 <LI><B>Flusso audio</B> (opzione <CODE>-oac copy</CODE>) : semplice da capire.
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220 E' possibile prendere un file audio esterno (MP3, AC3, Vorbis) e mixarlo
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221 nel flusso di output. Usa l'opzione <CODE>-audiofile &lt;filename&gt;</CODE>
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222 per farlo.</LI>
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223 </UL>
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224 </P>
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225
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226
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227 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.3.4>2.4.3.4. Correggere gli AVI con indice o intervallo malformati</B></P>
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228
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229 <P>La cosa più semplice. Copiamo semplicemente i flussi audio e video, e
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230 <B>MEncoder</B> genera l'indice. Naturalmente questo non può correggere possibili bug
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231 nei flussi video e/o audio. Corregge anche i file mal intervallati,
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232 così non sarà più necessaria l'opzione <CODE>-ni</CODE> per leggerli.</P>
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233
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234 <P>Comando : <CODE>mencoder -idx input.avi -ovc copy -oac copy -o output.avi</CODE></P>
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235
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236
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237 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.3.5>2.4.3.5. Codificare con le famiglia di codec <I>libavcodec</I></B></P>
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238
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239 <P><A HREF="codecs.html#2.2.1.2">libavcodec</A> fornisce una semplice codifica in
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240 molti interessanti formati video e audio (al momento i suoi codec audio non sono
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241 supportati). Puoi codificare i seguenti codec :</P>
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242
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243 <P>
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244 <UL>
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245 <LI>mjpeg - Motion JPEG</LI>
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246 <LI>h263 - H263</LI>
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247 <LI>h263p - H263 Plus</LI>
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248 <LI>mpeg4 - DivX4</LI>
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249 <LI>msmpeg4 - il vecchio DivX</LI>
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250 <LI>msmpeg4v2 - Micro$oft MPEG4 V2 (predecessore del DivX alias MP43)</LI>
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251 <LI>rv10 - un vecchio codec RealVideo</LI>
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252 <LI>mpeg1video - video MPEG1 :)</LI>
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253 </UL>
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254 </P>
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255
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256 <P>La prima colonna contiene i nomi dei codec che devono essere passati dopo l'opzione
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257 <CODE>vcodec</CODE>, come : <CODE>-lavcopts vcodec=msmpeg4</CODE></P>
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258
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259 <P>Un esempio, con la compressione MJPEG :<BR>
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260 <CODE>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mencoder -dvd 2 -o title2.avi -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mjpeg</CODE></P>
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261
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262
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263 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.3.6>2.4.3.6. Codificare da file di immagine multipli (JPEG o PNG)</B></P>
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264
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265 <P><B>MEncoder</B> è in grado di creare filmati a partire da uno o più file JPEG o PNG.
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266 Con un semplice framecopy può creare file MJPEG (Motion JPEG) o MPNG
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267 (Motion PNG).</P>
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268
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269 <P><B><I>Spiegazione del processo</I></B></P>
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270
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271 <P><B>MEncoder</B> <I>decodifica</I> le immagini in input con un codec video MJPEG
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272 disponibile (per i PNG, usa <B>libpng</B>).
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273 </P>
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274
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275 <P><B>MEncoder</B> quindi passa l' immagine decodificata al compressore video scelto
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276 (DivX4, Xvid, ffmpeg msmpeg4, ecc...). Attenzione al decoder PNG, dato che
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277 attualmente può fornire in output solo formati RGB, quindi non può essere usato con i codec
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278 che richiedono un input YUV, come il DivX4 o l' msmpeg4 di ffmpeg.</P>
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279
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280 <P><B><I>Esempi</I></B></P>
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281
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282 <P>La spiegazione dell'opzione <CODE>-mf</CODE> si trova più sotto nella sezione
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283 delle <A HREF=#2.4.5>Opzioni</A> generali e nella pagina di man.</P>
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284
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285 <P><I>Creare un file DivX4 da tutti i file JPEG presenti nella directory attuale :</I><BR>
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286 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>mencoder \*.jpg -mf on:w=800:h=600:fps=25 -ovc divx4 -o
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287 output.avi</CODE></P>
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288
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289 <P><I>Creare un file DivX4 da alcuni dei file JPEG presenti nella directory attuale :</I><BR>
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290 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>mencoder frame001.jpg,frame002.jpg -mf on:w=800:h=600:fps=25 -ovc divx4 -o
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291 output.avi</CODE></P>
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292
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293 <P><I>Creare un file Motion JPEG (MJPEG) da tutti i file JPEG presenti nella directory attuale :</I><BR>
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294 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>mencoder \*.jpg -mf on:w=800:h=600:fps=25 -ovc copy
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295 -o output.avi</CODE></P>
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296
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297 <P><I>Creare un file non compresso da tutti i file PNG presenti nella directory attuale :</I><BR>
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298 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>mencoder \*.png -mf on:w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=png -ovc raw -o
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299 output.avi</CODE></P>
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300
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301 <P><I>Creare un file Motion PNG (MPNG) da tutti i file PNG presenti nella directory attuale :</I><BR>
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302 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>mencoder \*.png -mf on:w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=png -ovc copy
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303 -o output.avi</CODE></P>
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304
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305 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.3.7>2.4.3.7. Estrarre i sottotitoli dei DVD in un file Vobsub</A></B></P>
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306
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307 <P><B>MEncoder</B> è in grado di estrarre i sottotitoli dei DVD e codificarli nel formato file Vobsub.
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308 Questi consistono in un paio di file con estensione .idx e .sub e sono generalmente impacchettati in un unico archivio .rar. MPlayer può leggerli usando le opzioni <I>-vobsub</I> e <I>-vobsubid</I>.</P>
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309
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310 <P>Devi specificare il nome di base (cioè senza le estensioni .idx o .sub) dei file di output con
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311 <I>-vobsubout</I> e l'indice per questo sottotitolo nei file risultanti con <I>-vobsuboutindex</I>.</P>
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312
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313 <P>Se l'input non viene da un DVD dovresti usare <I>-ifo</I> per indicare il file .ifo necessario per
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314 costruire il file .idx risultante.</P>
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315
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316 <P>Se l'input non viene da un DVD e non hai il file .ifo devi usare l'opzione <I>-vobsubid</I> per fargli
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317 sapere quale identificativo di lingua mettere nel file .idx.</P>
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318
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319 <P>Ogni esecuzione aggiungerà l'attuale sottotitolo ai file .idx e .sub se questi esistono già.
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320 Quindi dovresti rimuoverli prima di ogni nuova esecuzione.</P>
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321
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322 <P><B>Esempi</B></P>
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323
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324 <P><I>Copiare due sottotitoli da un DVD usando la codifica a tre passaggi</I><BR>
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325 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>rm sottotitoli.idx sottotitoli.sub</CODE><BR>
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326 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>mencoder -dvd 1 -vobsubout sottotitoli -vobsuboutindex 0 -sid 2 -o frameno.avi -ovc frameno</CODE>
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327 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>mencoder -dvd 1 -oac copy -ovc divx4 -pass 1</CODE><BR>
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328 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>mencoder -dvd 1 -oac copy -ovc divx4 -pass 2 -vobsubout sottotitoli -vobsuboutindex 1 -sid 5</CODE></P>
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329
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330 <P><I>Copiare un sottotitolo francese da un file MPEG</I><BR>
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331 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>rm sottotitoli.idx sottotitoli.sub</CODE><BR>
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332 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>mencoder movie.mpg -ifo movie.ifo -vobsubout subtitles -vobsuboutindex 0 -vobsuboutid fr -sid 1</CODE></P>
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333
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334 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.4>2.4.4. Sintassi</B></P>
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335
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336 <P>&nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>mencoder [opzioni] [file di input] [opzioni] ...</P>
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337
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338
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339 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.5>2.4.5. Opzioni disponibili</B></P>
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340
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341 <P>NOTA : per tutte le opzioni disponibili, <B>leggi la pagina di man !</B></P>
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342
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343 <P>
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344 Dato che <B>MEncoder</B> è costruito sullo stesso codice di <B>MPlayer</B>, ci sono
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345 molte opzioni di <B>MPlayer</B> che hanno funzioni anche in <B>MEncoder</B>!
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346 Vedi, puoi usare <CODE>-sid</CODE> per "rippare" un DVD con i sottotitoli, o
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347 <CODE>-noidx</CODE> per ignorare in input l'indice malformato di un AVI. <B>Sii sveglio!</B>
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348 </P>
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349
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350 <TABLE BORDER=1>
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351 <TR>
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352 <TD>
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353 <I>-ss</I> tempo</TD>
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354 <TD>
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355 comincia a codificare dal tempo dato (può partire solo dai frame chiave !)
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356 </TD>
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357 </TR>
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358 <TR>
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359 <TD>
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360 <I>-endpos</I> tempo</TD>
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361 <TD>
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362 smetti di codificare al tempo dato. Vedi la pagina di man per esempi !
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363 </TD>
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364 </TR>
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365 <TR>
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366 <TD>
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367 <I>-o</I> nomefile</TD>
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368 <TD>
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369 specifica il nome del file di output
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370 </TD>
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371 </TR>
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372 <TR>
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373 <TD>
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374 <I>-sws</I> 0-2</TD>
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375 <TD>
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376 metodo di ridimensionamento<BR>
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377 &nbsp;&nbsp;0 - bilineare veloce<BR>
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378 &nbsp;&nbsp;1 - bilineare<BR>
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379 &nbsp;&nbsp;2 - bicubico (migliore qualità)<BR>
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380 </TD>
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381 </TR>
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382 <TR>
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383 <TD>
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384 <I>-ovc</I> nomecodec</TD>
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385 <TD>
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386 Codifica col codec dato (i nomi dei codec sono quelli presenti in codecs.conf). Esempi:<BR>
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387 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>help</B> - ottieni una lista dei codec disponibili<BR>
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388 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>rawrgb</B> - ?<BR>
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389 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>copy</B> - nessuna codifica, copia il flusso (solo da AVI/ASF per ora)<BR>
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390 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>divx4</B> - codifica in DivX4<BR>
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391 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>lavc</B> - codifica con un codec di libavcodec<BR>
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392 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>vfw</B> - codifica con una DLL Windows<BR>
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393 </TD>
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394 </TR>
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395 <TR>
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396 <TD>
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397 <I>-oac</I> nomecodec</TD>
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398 <TD>
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399 Codifica col codec dato (i nomi dei codec sono quelli presenti in codecs.conf). Esempi:<BR>
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400 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>help</B> - ottieni una lista dei codec disponibili<BR>
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401 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>copy</B> - nessuna codifica, copia il flusso (solo da AVI/ASF per ora)<BR>
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402 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>pcm</B> - codifica in un PCM non compresso<BR>
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403 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>mp3lame</B> - codifica in MP3 (usando Lame)<BR>
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404 </TD>
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405 </TR>
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406 <TR>
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407 <TD>
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408 <I>-mf</I> opzioni multifile</TD>
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409 <TD>
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410 Usate per codificare da file JPEG multipli. Le sue sotto-opzioni sono:<BR>
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411 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>on</B> - abilita il supporto multifile<BR>
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412 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>w</B>=&lt;valore&gt; - larghezza del file di output<BR>
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413 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>h</B>=&lt;valore&gt; - altezza del file di output<BR>
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414 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>fps</B>=&lt;valore&gt; - fps del file di output<BR>
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415 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>type</B>=&lt;valore&gt; - tipo di file in input (tipi disponibili : <CODE>jpeg</CODE>, <CODE>png</CODE>)<BR>
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416 </TD>
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417 </TR>
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418
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419 <TR>
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420 <TD>
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421 <I>-divx4opts</I></TD>
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422 <TD>
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423 Se codifichi in DivX4, puoi specificare i sui parametri qui, come:<BR>
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424 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>-divx4opts br=1800:deinterlace:key=250</CODE><BR>
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425 Opzioni comuni: <B>(per la lista completa leggi la pagina di man!)</B><BR>
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426 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>help</B> - ottieni l'aiuto<BR>
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427 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>br</B>=&lt;valore&gt; - specifica il bitrate in kbit &lt;4-16000&gt; o bit &lt;16001-24000000&gt;<BR>
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428 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>q</B>=&lt;valore&gt; - qualità (1-veloce, 5-migliore - predefinito 5)<BR>
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429 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>key</B>=&lt;valore&gt; - intervallo tra i frame chiave<BR>
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430 </TD>
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431 </TR>
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432 <TR>
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433 <TD>
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434 <I>-lavcopts</I></TD>
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435 <TD>
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436 Se codifichi in libavcodec, puoi specificare i sui parametri qui, come:<BR>
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437 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>-lavcopts vcodec=msmpeg4:vbitrate=1800:vhq:keyint=250</CODE><BR>
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438 Opzioni comuni: <B>(per la lista completa leggi la pagina di man!)</B><BR>
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439 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>help</B> - ottieni l'aiuto<BR>
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440 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>vcodec</B>=&lt;valore&gt; - seleziona il codec video (per la lista completa, vedi la sezione libavcodec sopra)<BR>
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441 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>vbitrate</B>=&lt;valore&gt; - specifica il bitrate in kbit &lt;4-16000&gt; o bit &lt;16001-24000000&gt;<BR>
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442 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>vhq</B> - alta qualità<BR>
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443 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>keyint</B>=&lt;valore&gt; - intervallo tra i frame chiave<BR>
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444 </TD>
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445 </TR>
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446 <TR>
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447 <TD>
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448 <I>-lameopts</I></TD>
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449 <TD>
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450 Se codifichi in MP3 con libmp3lame, puoi specificare i sui parametri qui, come:<BR>
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451 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>-lameopts q=3</CODE><BR>
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452 &nbsp;&nbsp;<CODE>-lameopts br=192:cbr</CODE><BR>
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453 Opzioni comuni: <B>(per la lista completa leggi la pagina di man!)</B><BR>
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454 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>help</B> - ottieni l'aiuto<BR>
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455 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>cbr</B> - seleziona MP3 <B>CBR</B> (il default è <B>VBR</B>)<BR>
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456 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>br</B>=&lt;valore&gt; - specifica il bitrate in kbit &lt;0-1024&gt; (solo per <B>CBR</B>!)<BR>
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457 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>q</B>=&lt;valore&gt; - qualità (0-alta, 9-veloce - predefinito 0) (solo per <B>VBR</B>!)<BR>
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458 &nbsp;&nbsp;<B>vbr</B>=&lt;valore&gt; - sotto-modalità VBR (3-ABR, migliore qualità/velocità) (solo per <B>VBR</B>!)<BR>
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459 </TD>
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460 </TR>
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461 <TR>
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462 <TD> <I>-vobsubout</I> nome base</TD>
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463 <TD> Specifica il nome di base per i file .idx e .sub di output. Questo disabilita il rendering dei sottotitoli del filmato codificato.</TD>
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464 </TR>
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465 <TR>
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466 <TD> <I>-vobsuboutindex</I> indice</TD>
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467 <TD> Specifica l'indice di questi sottotitoli nei file di output. Il valore di default è 0</TD>
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468 </TR>
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469 <TR>
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470 <TD> <I>-vobsuboutid</I> langid</TD>
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471 <TD> Specifica il codice di due lettere della lingua per questo sottotitolo. Questo scavalca quello che è letto dal DVD
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472 o dal file .ifo.</TD>
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473 </TR>
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474 </TABLE>
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475
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476 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.6>2.4.6. Esempi</B></P>
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477
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478 <P>Usare <B>MEncoder</B> è la cosa più facile della Terra. Vedi il seguito :</P>
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479
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480 <P>Codificare da DVD, titolo 2 :<BR>
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481 <CODE>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mencoder -dvd 2 -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:altre_opzioni -o title2.avi</CODE></P>
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482
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483 <P>Lo stesso, ma con la famiglia libavcodec, compressione MJPEG :<BR>
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484 <CODE>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mencoder -dvd 2 -lavcopts vcodec=mjpeg:altre_opzioni -ffourcc mjpg -o title2.avi</CODE></P>
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485
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486 <P>Codifica da DVD, titolo 2, con ridimensionamento :<BR>
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487 <CODE>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mencoder -dvd 2 -vop scale=640:480 -sws 2 -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:altre_opzioni -o titolo2.avi</CODE></P>
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488
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489 <P>Codifica da HTTP :<BR>
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490 <CODE>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mencoder http://mplayer.hq/example.avi -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:altre_opzioni -o example.avi</CODE></P>
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491
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492 <P>Codifica da pipe :<BR>
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493 <CODE>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;rar p test-SVCD.rar | mencoder -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:altre_opzioni -ofps 24 -pass 1 -- -</CODE></P>
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494
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495 <P>Codificare file *.vob multipli :<BR>
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496 <CODE>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cat *.vob | mencoder &lt;opzioni&gt; -</CODE></P>
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497
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498 <P>Codifica da sintonizzatore TV (per le opzioni <A HREF="documentation.html#2.5">vedi la sezione input TV !</A>) :<BR>
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499 <CODE>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mencoder -tv on:driver=v4l:width=640:height=480 &lt;opzioni&gt;</CODE></P>
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500
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501 <P>Per tutte le opzioni disponibili, <B><I>controlla la pagina man di MEncoder !</I></B>
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502 <P>
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503 </FONT>
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504 </BODY>
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505 </HTML>