Mercurial > mplayer.hg
annotate DOCS/xml/pl/usage.xml @ 20423:a5ae4d97de7f
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author | torinthiel |
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date | Tue, 24 Oct 2006 21:09:14 +0000 |
parents | 94dd11eb4dd9 |
children | 399f872bc910 |
rev | line source |
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11176 | 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-2"?> |
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2 <!-- synced with r18964 --> |
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3 <!-- Opiekun: emdej --> |
11176 | 4 <chapter id="usage"> |
5 <title>Sposób użycia</title> | |
6 | |
7 <sect1 id="commandline"> | |
15087 | 8 <title>Wiersz poleceń</title> |
11176 | 9 |
10 <para> | |
11543 | 11 <application>MPlayer</application> używa skomplikowanego drzewa odtwarzania. |
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12 Składa się ono z opcji globalnych podanych na początku, na przykład: |
11176 | 13 |
14 <screen>mplayer -vfm 5</screen> | |
15 | |
16 i opcji podanych po nazwach plików, które stosują się jedynie do podanego | |
17 pliku/URLa/czegokolwiek, na przykład: | |
18 | |
11739 | 19 <screen>mplayer -vfm 5 <replaceable>film1.avi</replaceable> <replaceable>film2.avi</replaceable> -vfm 4</screen> |
11176 | 20 </para> |
21 | |
22 <para> | |
23 Możesz pogrupować nazwy plików/URLe za pomocą <literal>{</literal> oraz | |
24 <literal>}</literal>. Przydaje się to przy opcji <option>-loop</option>: | |
25 | |
26 <screen>mplayer { 1.avi -loop 2 2.avi } -loop 3</screen> | |
27 | |
28 Powyższe polecenie odtworzy pliki w kolejności: 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2. | |
29 </para> | |
30 | |
31 <para> | |
32 Odtwarzanie pliku: | |
33 <synopsis> | |
34 <command>mplayer</command><!-- | |
35 --> [<replaceable>opcje</replaceable>]<!-- | |
36 --> [<replaceable>ścieżka</replaceable>/]<replaceable>nazwa_pliku</replaceable> | |
37 </synopsis> | |
38 </para> | |
39 | |
40 <para> | |
16055 | 41 Kolejny sposób na odtworzenie pliku: |
42 <synopsis> | |
43 <command>mplayer</command><!-- | |
44 --> [<replaceable>opcje</replaceable>]<!-- | |
45 --> <replaceable>file:///zakodowana-ścieżka-uri</replaceable> | |
46 </synopsis> | |
47 </para> | |
48 | |
49 <para> | |
11176 | 50 Odtwarzanie większej ilości plików: |
51 <synopsis> | |
52 <command>mplayer</command><!-- | |
53 --> [<replaceable>opcje domyślne</replaceable>]<!-- | |
54 --> [<replaceable>ścieżka</replaceable>/]<replaceable>nazwa_pliku1</replaceable><!-- | |
55 --> [<replaceable>opcje dla nazwa_pliku1</replaceable>]<!-- | |
56 --> <replaceable>nazwa_pliku2</replaceable><!-- | |
57 --> [<replaceable>opcje dla nazwa_pliku2</replaceable>] ... | |
58 </synopsis> | |
59 </para> | |
60 | |
61 <para> | |
62 Odtwarzanie VCD: | |
63 <synopsis> | |
64 <command>mplayer</command> [<replaceable>opcje</replaceable>]<!-- | |
65 --> vcd://<replaceable>numer_ścieżki</replaceable><!-- | |
66 --> [-cdrom-device <replaceable>/dev/cdrom</replaceable>] | |
67 </synopsis> | |
68 </para> | |
69 | |
70 <para> | |
71 Odtwarzanie DVD: | |
72 <synopsis> | |
11718 | 73 <command>mplayer</command> [<replaceable>opcje</replaceable>]<!-- |
11176 | 74 --> dvd://<replaceable>numer_tytułu</replaceable><!-- |
75 --> [-dvd-device <replaceable>/dev/dvd</replaceable>] | |
76 </synopsis> | |
77 </para> | |
78 | |
79 <para> | |
80 Odtwarzanie z WWW: | |
81 <synopsis> | |
82 <command>mplayer</command> [<replaceable>opcje</replaceable>]<!-- | |
83 --> http://<replaceable>strona.com/plik.asf</replaceable> | |
84 </synopsis> | |
85 (można użyć również playlist) | |
86 </para> | |
87 | |
88 <para> | |
89 Odtwarzanie z RTSP: | |
90 <synopsis> | |
91 <command>mplayer</command> [<replaceable>opcje</replaceable>]<!-- | |
92 --> rtsp://<replaceable>serwer.przyklad.com/nazwa_strumienia</replaceable> | |
93 </synopsis> | |
94 </para> | |
95 | |
96 <para> | |
97 Przykłady: | |
98 <screen> | |
11718 | 99 mplayer -vo x11 <replaceable>/mnt/Films/Contact/contact2.mpg</replaceable> |
12950 | 100 mplayer vcd://<replaceable>2</replaceable> -cdrom-device <replaceable>/dev/hdc</replaceable> |
11718 | 101 mplayer -afm 3 <replaceable>/mnt/DVDtrailers/alien4.vob</replaceable> |
102 mplayer dvd://<replaceable>1</replaceable> -dvd-device <replaceable>/dev/hdc</replaceable> | |
103 mplayer -abs 65536 -delay -0.4 -nobps <replaceable>~/movies/test.avi</replaceable><!-- | |
11176 | 104 --></screen> |
105 </para> | |
106 </sect1> | |
107 | |
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108 <sect1 id="subosd"> |
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109 <title>Napisy i OSD</title> |
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110 |
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111 <para> |
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112 <application>MPlayer</application> może wyświetlać napisy podczas odtwarzania |
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113 filmu. Obecnie obsługiwane są następujące formaty: |
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114 <itemizedlist> |
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115 <listitem><para>VOBsub</para></listitem> |
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116 <listitem><para>OGM</para></listitem> |
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117 <listitem><para>CC (closed caption)</para></listitem> |
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118 <listitem><para>MicroDVD</para></listitem> |
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119 <listitem><para>SubRip</para></listitem> |
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120 <listitem><para>SubViewer</para></listitem> |
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121 <listitem><para>Sami</para></listitem> |
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122 <listitem><para>VPlayer</para></listitem> |
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123 <listitem><para>RT</para></listitem> |
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124 <listitem><para>SSA</para></listitem> |
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125 <listitem><para>PJS (Phoenix Japanimation Society)</para></listitem> |
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126 <listitem><para><link linkend="mpsub">MPsub</link></para></listitem> |
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127 <listitem><para>AQTitle</para></listitem> |
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128 <listitem><para><ulink url="http://unicorn.us.com/jacosub/">JACOsub</ulink></para></listitem> |
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129 </itemizedlist> |
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130 </para> |
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131 |
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132 <para> |
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133 <application>MPlayer</application> może zrzucić wyżej wymienione formaty napisów |
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134 (<emphasis role="bold">poza pierwszymi trzema</emphasis>) do następujących formatów, |
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135 jeśli podasz odpowiednią opcję: |
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136 <itemizedlist> |
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137 <listitem><para>MPsub: <option>-dumpmpsub</option></para></listitem> |
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138 <listitem><para>SubRip: <option>-dumpsrtsub</option></para></listitem> |
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139 <listitem><para>MicroDVD: <option>-dumpmicrodvdsub</option></para></listitem> |
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140 <listitem><para>JACOsub: <option>-dumpjacosub</option></para></listitem> |
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141 <listitem><para>Sami: <option>-dumpsami</option></para></listitem> |
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142 </itemizedlist> |
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143 </para> |
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144 |
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145 <para> |
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146 <application>MEncoder</application> może zrzucić napisy DVD do formatu |
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147 <link linkend="menc-feat-extractsub">VOBsub</link>. |
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148 </para> |
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149 |
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150 <para> |
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151 Opcje dla wiersza poleceń różnią się nieco dla poszczególnych formatów: |
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152 </para> |
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153 |
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154 <formalpara> |
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155 <title>Format VOBsub</title> |
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156 <para> |
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157 Napisy VOBsub składają się z dużego (kilkumegabajtowego) pliku <filename>.SUB</filename> |
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158 i opcjonalnych plików <filename>.IDX</filename> i/lub <filename>.IFO</filename>. |
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159 Jeżeli masz takie pliki, jak |
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160 <filename><replaceable>przykład.sub</replaceable></filename>, |
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161 <filename><replaceable>przykład.ifo</replaceable></filename> (opcjonalne), |
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162 <filename><replaceable>przykład.idx</replaceable></filename> - |
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163 musisz przekazać <application>MPlayerowi</application> opcje |
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164 <option>-vobsub przykład [-vobsubid <replaceable>id</replaceable>]</option> |
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165 (pełna ścieżka jest opcjonalna). Parametr <option>-vobsubid</option> jest, jak |
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166 <option>-sid</option> dla DVD - przy jego pomocy możesz wybierać pomiędzy ścieżkami napisów |
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167 (różne języki). Jeżeli opcja <option>-vobsubid</option> jest pominięta, |
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168 <application>MPlayer</application> spróbuje użyć języka podanego przez parametr |
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169 <option>-slang</option> i powróci do <systemitem>langidx</systemitem> |
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170 zawartego w pliku<filename>.IDX</filename>, żeby ustawić język napisów. Jeżeli to |
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171 zakończy się niepowodzeniem, napisy nie będą wyświetlane. |
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172 </para> |
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173 </formalpara> |
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174 |
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175 <formalpara> |
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176 <title>Inne formaty napisów</title> |
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177 <para> |
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178 Inne formaty składają się z pojedynczego pliku tekstowego zawierającego przedział |
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179 czasowy, rozmieszczenie i sam tekst. Sposób użycia: Jeżeli masz taki plik, jak |
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180 <filename><replaceable>przykład.txt</replaceable></filename>, |
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181 musisz przekazać opcję <option>-sub |
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182 <replaceable>przykład.txt</replaceable></option> (pełna ścieżka jest opcjonalna). |
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183 </para> |
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184 </formalpara> |
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185 |
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186 <variablelist> |
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187 <title>Dopasowywanie czasu wyświetlania i położenia napisów:</title> |
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188 <varlistentry> |
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189 <term><option>-subdelay <replaceable>sek</replaceable></option></term> |
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190 <listitem><simpara> |
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191 Opóźnia wyświetlanie napisów o <option><replaceable>sek</replaceable></option> sekund. |
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192 Może być liczbą ujemną. Wartość jest dodawana do licznika czasu filmu. |
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193 </simpara></listitem> |
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194 </varlistentry> |
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195 <varlistentry> |
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196 <term><option>-subfps <replaceable>ILOŚĆ</replaceable></option></term> |
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197 <listitem><simpara> |
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198 Określa ilość klatek na sekundę pliku z napisami (liczba rzeczywista). |
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199 </simpara></listitem> |
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200 </varlistentry> |
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201 <varlistentry> |
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202 <term><option>-subpos <replaceable>0-100</replaceable></option></term> |
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203 <listitem><simpara> |
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204 Określa położenie napisów. |
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205 </simpara></listitem> |
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206 </varlistentry> |
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207 </variablelist> |
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208 |
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209 <para> |
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210 Jeżeli podczas używania napisów w formacie MicroDVD zauważysz rosnące opóźnienie |
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211 między nimi a filmem, to prawdopodobnie ilość klatek na sekundę filmu różni się |
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212 od wartości, do której zostały przystosowane napisy. |
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213 Zauważ, że format ten korzysta z bezwzględnych numerów klatek do wyświetlania |
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214 napisów w odpowiednim momencie, ale nie zawiera w sobie informacji o wartości fps, |
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215 dlatego powinieneś skorzystać z opcji <option>-subfps</option>. |
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216 Jeżeli chciałbyś trwale rozwiązać ten problem, musisz ręcznie zmienić |
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217 wartość framerate pliku z napisami. |
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218 <application>MPlayer</application> może zrobić to za ciebie: |
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219 |
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220 <screen>mplayer -dumpmicrodvdsub -fps <replaceable>fps_napisów</replaceable> -subfps <replaceable>fps_filmu</replaceable> -sub <replaceable>zbiór_z_napisami</replaceable> <replaceable>atrapa.avi</replaceable></screen> |
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221 </para> |
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222 |
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223 <para> |
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224 O napisach DVD przeczytasz w rozdziale <link linkend="dvd">DVD</link>. |
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225 </para> |
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226 |
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227 |
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228 <sect2 id="mpsub"> |
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229 <title>MPsub - Własny format napisów <application>MPlayera</application></title> |
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230 |
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231 <para> |
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232 <application>MPlayer</application> przedstawia nowy format napisów nazwany |
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233 <emphasis role="bold">MPsub</emphasis>. Zaprojektowany on został przez Gabucino. |
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234 Przede wszystkim jego główną cechą jest bycie <emphasis>dynamicznie</emphasis> opartym o |
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235 czas (chociaż może być również oparty o ramki). Przykład (z <ulink |
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236 url="../../tech/mpsub.sub">DOCS/tech/mpsub.sub</ulink> - na potrzeby tego dokumentu częściowo |
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237 przetłumaczony): |
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238 <programlisting> |
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239 FORMAT=TIME |
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240 # pierwsza liczba : czekaj tyle sekund po zniknięciu poprzednich napisów |
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241 # druga liczba : wyświetlaj napisy przez tyle sekund |
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242 |
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243 15 3 |
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244 Dawno, dawno temu... |
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245 |
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246 0 3 |
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247 w odległej galaktyce... |
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248 |
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249 0 3 |
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250 planeta Naboo była atakowana.<!-- |
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251 --></programlisting> |
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252 </para> |
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253 |
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254 <para> |
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255 Widzisz więc, że głównym celem było <emphasis role="bold">umożliwienie łatwej |
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256 edycji/synchronizacji/łączenia/obcinania napisów</emphasis>. Więc jeśli - powiedzmy - |
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257 pobierzesz napisy SSA, które są źle rozmieszczone w czasie/opóźnione w stosunku do Twojej wersji |
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258 filmu, wykonujesz wtedy |
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259 |
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260 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>film.avi</replaceable> -sub źródło.ssa -dumpmpsub</screen> |
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261 Zostanie utworzony plik <filename>dump.mpsub</filename> w obecnie używanym katalogu, |
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262 który będzie zawierał źródłowe napisy, ale w formacie |
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263 <emphasis role="bold">MPsub</emphasis>. Będziesz mógł wtedy dowolnie dodawać/odejmować |
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264 sekundy do/z napisów. |
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265 </para> |
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266 |
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267 <para> |
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268 Napisy wyświetlane są w technice <emphasis role="bold">'OSD', |
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269 On Screen Display (Wyświetlanie Na Ekranie)</emphasis>. OSD używany jest |
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270 do wyświetlania obecnego czasu odtwarzania, paska głośności, paska przeszukiwania |
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271 filmu, itp. |
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272 </para> |
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273 </sect2> |
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274 |
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275 |
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276 <sect2 id="mpsub-install"> |
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277 <title>Instalacja OSD i napisów</title> |
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278 |
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279 <para> |
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280 Będziesz potrzebował paczki zawierającej czcionkę dla <application>MPlayera</application>, |
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281 żeby móc skorzystać z OSD/NAPISÓW. Jest wiele sposobów, aby ją uzyskać: |
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282 </para> |
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283 |
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284 <itemizedlist> |
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285 <listitem><para> |
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286 Skorzystaj z generatora czcionki w znajdującego się w katalogu <filename |
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287 class="directory">TOOLS/subfont-c</filename>. Jest to kompletne narzędzie, które |
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288 pomoże Ci przekonwertować czcionkę TTF/Type1/itp. do paczki z czcionką dla |
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289 <application>MPlayera</application> (więcej szczegółów znajdziesz w |
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290 <filename>TOOLS/subfont-c/README</filename>). |
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291 </para></listitem> |
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292 <listitem><para> |
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293 Skorzystaj z wtyczki generator czcionki dla <application>GIMPa</application>, |
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294 którą znajdziesz w katalogu <filename class="directory">TOOLS/subfont-GIMP</filename> |
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295 (notka: musisz mieć również wtyczkę HSI RAW, sprawdź ten adres: |
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296 <ulink url="http://realtime.ssu.ac.kr/~lethean/mplayer/index.php?pagename=MplayerKoreanFonts" />). |
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297 </para></listitem> |
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298 <listitem><para> |
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299 używanie czcionki TrueType (TTF) przy pomocy biblioteki |
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300 <systemitem class="library">freetype</systemitem>. Konieczna do tego jest wersja |
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301 2.0.9 lub wyższa! Tutaj możesz skorzystać z dwóch metod: |
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302 <itemizedlist> |
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303 <listitem><para> |
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304 użyj opcji <option>-font <replaceable>/ścieżka/do/przykładowej_czcionki.ttf</replaceable> |
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305 </option>, aby określić plik z czcionką TrueType przy każdym uruchomieniu |
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306 </para></listitem> |
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307 <listitem><para> |
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308 stwórz symboliczne dowiązanie: |
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309 <screen>ln -s <replaceable>/ścieżka/do/przykładowej_czcionki.ttf</replaceable> ~/.mplayer/subfont.ttf</screen> |
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310 </para></listitem> |
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311 </itemizedlist> |
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312 Jeżeli <application>MPlayer</application> został skompilowany z obsługą |
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313 <systemitem class="library">fontconfig</systemitem>, powyższe metody nie będą |
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314 działały, ponieważ opcja <option>-font</option> będzie oczekiwała nazwy czcionki, |
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315 a domyślną jest sans-serif. Aby otrzymać listę czcionek znanych |
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316 <systemitem class="library">fontconfig</systemitem>, |
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317 użyj komendy <command>fc-list</command>. Przykład: |
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318 <option>-font <replaceable>'Bitstream Vera Sans'</replaceable></option> |
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319 </para></listitem> |
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320 <listitem><para> |
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321 Pobierz gotowe do użycia pakiety z czcionkami ze strony |
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322 <application>MPlayera</application>. Informacja: dostępne obecnie czcionki |
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323 ograniczone są do obsługi kodowania ISO 8859-1/2, ale są też inne, przygotowane |
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324 przez użytkowników, (z obsługą koreańskiego, rosyjskiego, ISO 8859-8 itp) w katalogu |
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325 contrib/font serwera FTP. |
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326 </para><para> |
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327 <!-- FIXME: this para should be before the list --> |
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328 Czcionki powinny mieć odpowiedni plik <filename>font.desc</filename>, który |
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329 mapuje pozycję czcionek unicode do aktualnie używanej przez napisy strony kodowej |
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330 Innym wyjściem jest posiadanie napisów zakodowanych w UTF-8 i użycie opcji |
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331 <option>-utf8</option> albo po prostu zmienienie ich nazwy na |
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332 <filename><nazwa_filmu>.utf</filename> i wgranie ich do tego samego |
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333 katalogu co plik z filmem. Konwersja z różnych stron kodowych do UTF-8 |
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334 może być realizowana poprzez programy <command>konwert</command> lub |
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335 <command>iconv</command>. |
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336 </para><para> |
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337 |
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338 <table> |
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339 <title>Kilka adresów URL</title> |
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340 <tgroup cols="2"> |
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341 <thead> |
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342 <row><entry>URL</entry><entry>Komentarz</entry></row> |
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343 </thead> |
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344 <tbody> |
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345 <row><entry> |
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346 <ulink url="ftp://ftp.mplayerhq.hu/MPlayer/releases/fonts/"></ulink> |
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347 </entry><entry> |
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348 czcionki ISO |
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349 </entry></row> |
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350 <row><entry> |
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351 <ulink url="ftp://ftp.mplayerhq.hu/MPlayer/contrib/fonts/"></ulink> |
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352 </entry><entry> |
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353 różne czcionki użytkowników |
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354 </entry></row> |
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355 <row><entry> |
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356 <ulink url="http://realtime.ssu.ac.kr/~lethean/mplayer/index.php?pagename=MplayerKoreanFonts"></ulink> |
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357 </entry><entry> |
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358 czcionki koreańskie i wtyczka RAW |
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359 </entry></row> |
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360 </tbody> |
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361 </tgroup> |
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362 </table> |
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363 |
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364 </para></listitem> |
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365 </itemizedlist> |
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366 |
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367 <para> |
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368 Jeżeli wybierzesz czcionki inne niż TTF, rozpakuj (UNZIP) plik, który ściągnąłeś do |
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369 katalogu <filename class="directory">~/.mplayer</filename> lub <filename |
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370 class="directory">$PREFIX/share/mplayer</filename>. Następnie zmień nazwę |
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371 lub stwórz symboliczne dowiązanie tego katalogu do <filename>font</filename>, |
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372 na przykład: |
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373 |
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374 <screen>ln -s <replaceable>~/.mplayer/arial-24</replaceable> ~/.mplayer/font</screen> |
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375 |
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376 Teraz na pewno zobaczysz licznik w lewym górnym rogu filmu (możesz go wyłączyć |
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377 używając klawisza <keycap>o</keycap>). |
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378 </para> |
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379 |
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380 <para> |
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381 (napisy są <emphasis>zawsze włączone</emphasis>, aby dowiedzieć się, je wyłączyć, |
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382 przeczytaj stronę man) |
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383 </para> |
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384 |
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385 <para> |
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386 OSD ma 4 stany (przełączane przez klawisz <keycap>o</keycap>): |
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387 |
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388 <orderedlist> |
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389 <listitem><simpara> |
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390 pasek głośności + pasek przeszukiwania (domyślnie) |
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391 </simpara></listitem> |
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392 <listitem><simpara> |
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393 pasek głośności + pasek przeszukiwania + licznik czasu + |
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394 pozycja przeszukiwania w pliku (w procentach) |
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395 </simpara></listitem> |
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396 <listitem><simpara> |
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397 pasek głośności + pasek przeszukiwania + licznik czasu + całkowity czas trwania |
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398 </simpara></listitem> |
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399 <listitem><simpara> |
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400 tylko napisy |
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401 </simpara></listitem> |
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402 </orderedlist> |
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403 |
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404 Możesz zmienić domyślne zachowanie, ustawiając zmienną <varname>osdlevel</varname> |
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405 w pliku konfiguracyjnym (config) lub korzystając z opcji <option>-osdlevel</option> |
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406 w wierszu poleceń. |
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407 |
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408 </para> |
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409 </sect2> |
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410 </sect1> |
11176 | 411 |
412 <sect1 id="control"> | |
413 <title>Sterowanie</title> | |
414 | |
415 <para> | |
416 <application>MPlayer</application> posiada w pełni konfigurowalną, opartą na | |
11543 | 417 komendach warstwę sterowania, która pozwala na sterowanie |
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418 <application>MPlayerem</application> za pomocą klawiatury, myszki, joysticka lub |
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419 zdalnego sterowania (za pomocą LIRC). Zajrzyj na stronę man w celu przejrzenia |
11176 | 420 pełnej listy skrótów klawiszowych. |
421 </para> | |
422 | |
423 | |
424 <sect2 id="ctrl-cfg"> | |
425 <title>Konfiguracja sterowania</title> | |
426 | |
427 <para> | |
428 <application>MPlayer</application> pozwala Ci przypisać dowolny klawisz/przycisk | |
15087 | 429 do dowolnego polecenia za pomocą prostego pliku konfiguracyjnego. Składnia tego |
11176 | 430 pliku to nazwa klawisza, po której znajduje się komenda. Domyślny plik |
431 konfiguracyjny znajduje się w <filename>$HOME/.mplayer/input.conf</filename>, ale | |
11543 | 432 można podać także inny za pomocą opcji |
433 <option>-input <replaceable>plik</replaceable></option> | |
11176 | 434 (ścieżki względne są względem <filename>$HOME/.mplayer</filename>). |
435 </para> | |
436 | |
13904 | 437 <para> |
438 Możesz uzyskać pełną listę uruchamiając | |
439 <command>mplayer -input keylist</command>. | |
440 i pełną listę dostępnych komend za pomocą | |
441 <command>mplayer -input cmdlist</command>. | |
442 </para> | |
443 | |
11176 | 444 <example> |
445 <title>Przykładowy plik konfiguracji sterowania</title> | |
446 <programlisting> | |
447 ## | |
448 ## Plik konfiguracji sterowania MPlayera | |
449 ## | |
450 | |
451 RIGHT seek +10 | |
452 LEFT seek -10 | |
453 - audio_delay 0.100 | |
454 + audio_delay -0.100 | |
455 q quit | |
456 > pt_step 1 | |
457 < pt_step -1 | |
458 ENTER pt_step 1 1<!-- | |
459 --></programlisting> | |
460 </example> | |
461 </sect2> | |
462 | |
463 | |
464 <sect2 id="lirc"> | |
465 <title>Sterowanie poprzez LIRC</title> | |
466 | |
467 <para> | |
468 Linux Infrared Remote Control - użyj łatwego do własnoręcznego zbudowania | |
469 odbiornika podczerwieni i (prawie) dowolnego pilota zdalnego sterowania i | |
470 steruj nim swoim Linuksem! | |
13904 | 471 Więcej informacji na <ulink url="http://www.lirc.org">stronie domowej LIRC</ulink>. |
11176 | 472 </para> |
473 | |
474 <para> | |
13904 | 475 Jeśli zainstalowałeś LIRC, <filename>configure</filename> automatycznie go |
476 wykryje. Jeśli wszystko pójdzie dobrze, <application>MPlayer</application> | |
477 wypisze "<systemitem>Setting up LIRC support...</systemitem>" przy | |
478 starcie. Jeśli wystąpi błąd, powiadomi Cię o tym. Jeśli nic nie powie Ci na | |
479 temat LIRC, to znaczy, że jego obsługa nie została wkompilowana. Proste :-) | |
11176 | 480 </para> |
481 | |
482 <para> | |
13904 | 483 Nazwa aplikacji dla <application>MPlayer</application> to - niespodzianka - |
484 <filename>mplayer</filename>. Możesz używać dowolnych komend | |
485 <application>MPlayera</application>, a nawet podać więcej niż jedną | |
486 komendę na raz oddzielając je za pomocą <literal>\n</literal>. | |
487 | |
11176 | 488 Nie zapomnij o włączeniu flagi repeat w <filename>.lircrc</filename> jeśli |
13904 | 489 ma to sens (skoki, głośność itp). To jest fragment przykładowego |
11176 | 490 <filename>.lircrc</filename>: |
491 </para> | |
492 | |
493 <programlisting> | |
494 begin | |
495 button = VOLUME_PLUS | |
496 prog = mplayer | |
497 config = volume 1 | |
498 repeat = 1 | |
499 end | |
500 | |
501 begin | |
502 button = VOLUME_MINUS | |
503 prog = mplayer | |
504 config = volume -1 | |
505 repeat = 1 | |
506 end | |
507 | |
508 begin | |
509 button = CD_PLAY | |
510 prog = mplayer | |
511 config = pause | |
512 end | |
513 | |
514 begin | |
515 button = CD_STOP | |
516 prog = mplayer | |
517 config = seek 0 1\npause | |
518 end<!-- | |
519 --></programlisting> | |
520 | |
521 <para> | |
522 Jeśli nie lubisz standardowej lokalizacji pliku lirc-config | |
523 (<filename>~/.lircrc</filename>), użyj opcji <option>-lircconf | |
524 <replaceable>nazwa_pliku</replaceable></option> by podać inny plik. | |
525 </para> | |
526 </sect2> | |
527 | |
528 | |
529 <sect2 id="slave-mode"> | |
530 <title>Tryb sługi</title> | |
531 <para> | |
532 Tryb sługi pozwala Ci na utworzenie prostej nakładki na | |
13904 | 533 <application>MPlayera</application>. Po uruchomieniu z opcją |
534 <option>-slave</option> <application>MPlayer</application> będzie czytał | |
535 komendy oddzielone znakami nowego wiersza (\n) ze standardowego wejścia. | |
536 Komendy zostały udokumentowane w pliku | |
537 <ulink url="../../tech/slave.txt">slave.txt</ulink> | |
11176 | 538 </para> |
539 </sect2> | |
540 </sect1> | |
541 | |
542 | |
543 <sect1 id="streaming"> | |
544 <title>Strumieniowanie z sieci i potoków</title> | |
545 | |
546 <para> | |
547 <application>MPlayer</application> potrafi odtwarzać pliki z sieci, używając | |
548 protokołów HTTP, FTP, MMS lub RTSP/RTP. | |
549 </para> | |
550 | |
551 <para> | |
13904 | 552 Odtwarzanie następuje przez proste podanie URLa w wierszu poleceń. |
553 <application>MPlayer</application> zwraca również uwagę na zmienną środowiskową | |
11176 | 554 <envar>http_proxy</envar> i używa proxy jeśli jest to możliwe. Korzystanie |
555 z proxy może być również wymuszone za pomocą: | |
11718 | 556 <screen>mplayer |
557 <replaceable>http_proxy://proxy.micorsops.com:3128/http://micorsops.com:80/strumien.asf</replaceable></screen> | |
11176 | 558 </para> |
559 | |
560 <para> | |
561 <application>MPlayer</application> potrafi również czytać ze standardowego wejścia | |
562 (<emphasis>nie</emphasis> z nazwanych potoków). Może to być wykorzystane np. do | |
563 odtwarzania poprzez FTP: | |
11718 | 564 <screen>wget <replaceable>ftp://micorsops.com/cokolwiek.avi</replaceable> -O - | mplayer -</screen> |
11176 | 565 </para> |
566 | |
567 <note><para> | |
13904 | 568 Zalecane jest również włączenie <option>-cache</option> przy odtwarzaniu |
11543 | 569 z sieci: |
11718 | 570 <screen>wget <replaceable>ftp://micorsops.com/cokolwiek.avi</replaceable> -O - | mplayer -cache 8192 -</screen> |
11176 | 571 </para></note> |
16055 | 572 |
573 <sect2 id="streaming-save"> | |
574 <title>Zapisywanie strumieniowanej zawartości</title> | |
575 <para> | |
576 Jak już uda Ci się zmusić <application>MPlayera</application> do odtwarzania | |
577 Twojego ulubionego strumienia internetowego, możesz użyć opcji | |
578 <option>-dumpstream</option> aby zapisać strumień do pliku. | |
579 Na przykład: | |
580 <screen> | |
581 mplayer <replaceable>http://217.71.208.37:8006</replaceable> -dumpstream -dumpfile <replaceable>strumien.asf</replaceable> | |
582 </screen> | |
583 zapisze zawartość strumieniowaną z | |
584 <replaceable>http://217.71.208.37:8006</replaceable> do pliku | |
585 <replaceable>stream.asf</replaceable>. | |
586 Działa to ze wszystkimi protokołami obsługiwanymi przez | |
587 <application>MPlayera</application>, jak MMS, RSTP itd. | |
588 </para> | |
589 </sect2> | |
11176 | 590 </sect1> |
591 | |
592 <sect1 id="mpst" xreflabel="Remote streams"> | |
593 <title>Strumienie zdalne</title> | |
594 | |
595 <para> | |
596 Strumienie zdalne pozwalają na dostęp do większości strumieni obsługiwanych | |
597 przez <application>MPlayera</application> ze zdalnego hosta. Głównym celem tej | |
598 funkcji jest umożliwienie bezpośredniego korzystania z napędu CD lub DVD innego | |
11543 | 599 komputera w sieci (pod warunkiem posiadania odpowiedniej przepustowości). |
600 Niestety niektóre typy strumieni (aktualnie TV oraz MF) nie są dostępne zdalnie, | |
601 gdyż są zaimplementowane na poziomie demultipleksera. Jest to przykre w | |
602 przypadku MF, gdyż TV i tak by wymagało szalonej przepustowości. | |
11176 | 603 </para> |
604 | |
605 <sect2 id="compile_mpst_server"> | |
606 <title>Kompilacja serwera</title> | |
607 <para> | |
608 Po kompilacji <application>MPlayera</application> wejdź do katalogu | |
609 <filename>TOOLS/netstream</filename> i wpisz <application>make</application> | |
610 by zbudować program serwera. Możesz wtedy skopiować program | |
611 <application>nestream</application> do odpowiedniego miejsca w Twoim | |
612 systemie (przeważnie <filename class="directory">/usr/local/bin</filename> | |
613 pod Linuksem). | |
614 </para> | |
615 </sect2> | |
616 | |
617 <sect2 id="use_mpst"> | |
618 <title>Używanie strumieni zdalnych</title> | |
619 <para> | |
620 Najpierw musisz uruchomić serwer na komputerze, do którego masz zamiar mieć | |
13904 | 621 dostęp zdalny. Aktualnie serwer jest bardzo podstawowy i nie ma żadnych |
622 argumentów wiersza poleceń, więc po prostu wpisz <filename>netstream</filename>. | |
11176 | 623 Teraz możesz np. odtworzyć drugą ścieżkę VCD na serwerze za pomocą: |
624 <screen> | |
11718 | 625 mplayer -cache 5000 <replaceable>mpst://nazwa_serwera/vcd://2</replaceable> |
11176 | 626 </screen> |
627 Masz również dostęp do plików na tym serwerze: | |
628 <screen> | |
11718 | 629 mplayer -cache 5000 <replaceable>mpst://nazwa_serwera//usr/local/movies/lol.avi</replaceable> |
11176 | 630 </screen> |
631 Zauważ, że ścieżki, które nie zaczynają się na "/" będą względne do katalogu, | |
632 w którym uruchomiono serwer. Opcja <option>-cache</option> nie jest wymagana, | |
633 lecz bardzo zalecana. | |
634 </para> | |
635 | |
636 <para> | |
15087 | 637 Miej na uwadze to, że aktualnie serwer nie ma żadnych zabezpieczeń. Nie narzekaj |
13904 | 638 więc na liczne nadużycia, które są przez to możliwe. Zamiast tego wyślij jakąś |
11176 | 639 (dobrą) łatkę, by stał się lepszy lub napisz swój własny serwer. |
640 </para> | |
641 | |
642 </sect2> | |
643 | |
644 </sect1> | |
11787 | 645 |
646 <sect1 id="edl" xreflabel="Edit Decision Lists (EDL)"> | |
647 <title>Decyzyjne Listy Edycji (Edit Decision Lists - EDL)</title> | |
648 | |
649 <para> | |
650 Decyzyjna lista edycji (EDL) pozwala na automatyczne omijanie, bądź wyciszanie | |
651 fragmentów filmów podczas ich odtwarzania, na podstawie pliku konfiguracji EDL | |
652 dla danego filmu. | |
653 </para> | |
654 | |
655 <para> | |
656 Funkcja ta jest użyteczna dla osób, które zechcą obejrzeć film w "przyjaznym | |
657 dla rodziny" trybie. Możesz usunąć z filmu przemoc, przekleństwa, Jar-Jar | |
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658 Binksa, zgodnie z własnymi preferencjami. Ponadto istnieją także inne |
11787 | 659 zastosowania, jak automatyczne pomijanie reklam w oglądanych filmach. |
660 </para> | |
661 | |
662 <para> | |
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663 Format pliku EDL jest raczej "goły". Używana jest struktura z pojedynczą komendą w linii, w |
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664 której określone jest co należy zrobić (skip/mute) oraz kiedy (używane opóźnienie w |
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665 sekundach). |
11787 | 666 </para> |
667 | |
668 <sect2 id="edl_using"> | |
669 <title>Używanie pliku EDL</title> | |
670 <para> | |
671 Użyj podczas uruchamiania <application>MPlayera</application> flagi | |
672 <option>-edl <nazwa pliku></option> z nazwą pliku EDL, który ma być | |
673 zastosowany do filmu. | |
674 </para> | |
675 </sect2> | |
676 | |
677 <sect2 id="edl_making"> | |
678 <title>Tworzenie pliku EDL</title> | |
679 <para> | |
680 Aktualny format pliku EDL jest następujący: | |
681 <programlisting> | |
682 [sekunda początkowa] [sekunda końcowa] [akcja] | |
683 </programlisting> | |
684 gdzie liczby odpowiadające sekundom nie muszą być całkowite, zaś akcja może | |
685 przyjmować wartość <literal>0</literal> dla pominięcia bądź | |
686 <literal>1</literal> dla wyciszenia. | |
687 Na przykład: | |
688 <programlisting> | |
689 5.3 7.1 0 | |
690 15 16.7 1 | |
691 420 422 0 | |
692 </programlisting> | |
693 Oznacza to pominięcie filmu między 5,3 sekundą, a 7,1 sekundą filmu, następnie | |
694 wyciszenie od 15-tej sekundy do 16,7 sekundy i wreszcie pominięcie filmu | |
695 pomiędzy 420 a 422 sekundą Akcje te są wykonywane, gdy licznik czasu filmu | |
696 osiągnie zadeklarowaną wartość. | |
697 </para> | |
698 | |
699 <para> | |
700 Aby stworzyć plik EDL, będący punktem wyjścia do dalszej edycji, użyj flagi | |
701 <option>-edlout <nazwa pliku></option>. | |
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702 Następnie, podczas odtwarzania filmu, naciśnij <keycap>i</keycap>, aby oznaczyć początek i koniec |
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703 bloku do pominięcia. Odpowiedni wpis zostanie automatycznie utworzony w pliku. Wtedy możesz wrócić do edycji i "dostrajania" wygenerowanego |
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704 pliku EDL, w którym możesz także zmienić domyślną akcję (domyślnie jest to pomijanie). |
11787 | 705 </para> |
706 </sect2> | |
707 | |
708 </sect1> | |
709 | |
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710 <sect1 id="advaudio" xreflabel="Advanced Audio"> |
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711 <title>Zaawansowane audio</title> |
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712 |
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713 <sect2 id="advaudio-surround"> |
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714 <title>Dźwięk przestrzenny/wielokanałowy</title> |
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715 |
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716 <sect3 id="advaudio-surround-DVD"> |
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717 <title>DVDs</title> |
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718 <para> |
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719 Większość płyt DVD, a także wiele innych plików zawiera dźwięk przestrzenny. |
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720 <application>MPlayer</application> obsługuje dźwięk przestrzenny, ale opcja ta |
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721 nie jest domyślnie włączona, ponieważ sprzęt przeznaczony dla zwykłego stereo |
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722 jest znacznie bedziej popularny. Aby odtworzyć plik zawierający więcej niż dwa |
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723 kanały audio, użyj opcji <option>-channels</option>. |
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724 Na przykład, aby odtworzyć DVD z audio 5.1: |
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725 |
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726 <screen>mplayer dvd://1 -channels 6</screen> |
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727 |
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728 Zauważmy, że mimo nazwy "5.1", uzywanych jest 6 kanałów. |
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729 Jeżeli posiadasz sprzęt pozwalający na odtwarzanie dźwięku przestrzennego możesz |
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730 bezpiecznie wpisać <option>channels</option> do swojego pliku konfiguracyjnego |
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731 <application>MPlayera</application> (<filename>~/.mplayer/config</filename>). |
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732 Przykładowo, aby domyślnie włączyć efekt kwadrofonii, należy dodać linię: |
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733 |
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734 <programlisting>channels=4</programlisting> |
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735 |
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736 Od tego momentu, <application>MPlayer</application> będzie odtwarzał cztery |
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737 kanały audio, zawsze gdy będą one dostępne. |
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738 </para> |
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739 </sect3> |
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740 |
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741 |
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742 <sect3 id="advaudio-surround-stereoinfour"> |
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743 <title>Odtwarzanie plików stereo przy użyciu czterech głośników</title> |
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744 |
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745 <para> |
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746 <application>MPlayer</application> standardowo nie duplikuje kanałów, ani nie |
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747 robi tego większość sterowników audio. Jeżeli chcesz zrobić to ręcznie: |
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748 |
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749 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af channels=2:2:0:1:0:0</screen> |
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750 |
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751 Zobacz sekcję o |
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752 <link linkend="advaudio-channels-copying">kopiowaniu kanałów</link> aby uzyskać |
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753 wyjaśnienie. |
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754 </para> |
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755 |
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756 </sect3> |
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757 |
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758 |
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759 <sect3 id="advaudio-surround-passthrough"> |
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760 <title>Przekazywanie AC3/DTS</title> |
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761 |
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762 <para> |
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763 Dźwięk przestrzenny na płytach DVD zazwyczaj kodowany jest w formacie AC3 |
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764 (Dolby Digital) lub DTS (Digital Theater System). Część współczesnego sprzętu |
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765 audio jest w stanie dekodować te formaty. |
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766 <application>MPlayer</application> może zostać skonfigurowany, aby przekazywał |
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767 dane audio bez ich dekodowania. Rozwiązanie takie będzie działało tylko, jeżeli |
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768 posiadasz w swojej karcie muzycznej złącze S/PDIF (Sony/Philips Digital Interface). |
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769 </para> |
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770 |
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771 <para> |
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772 Jeżeli twój sprzęt audio potrafi dekodować zarówno AC3 jak i DTS, możesz |
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773 bezpiecznie włączyć przekazywanie dla obu formatów. W przeciwnym razie, tylko |
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774 dla tego formatu, który jest obsługiwany przez Twój sprzęt. |
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775 </para> |
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776 |
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777 <itemizedlist> |
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778 <title>Aby włączyć przekazywanie z linii poleceń:</title> |
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779 <listitem><para> |
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780 dla AC3 użyj <option>-ac hwac3</option> |
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781 </para></listitem> |
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782 <listitem><para> |
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783 dla DTS użyj <option>-ac hwdts</option> |
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784 </para></listitem> |
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785 <listitem><para> |
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786 dla AC3 i DTS użyj <option>-afm hwac3</option> |
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787 </para></listitem> |
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788 </itemizedlist> |
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789 |
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790 <itemizedlist> |
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791 <title>Aby włączyć przekazywanie w pliku konfiguracyjnym |
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792 <application>MPlayera</application>: </title> |
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793 <listitem><para> |
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794 dla AC3 użyj <option>ac=hwac3,</option> |
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|
795 </para></listitem> |
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|
796 <listitem><para> |
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|
797 dla DTS użyj <option>ac=hwdts,</option> |
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|
798 </para></listitem> |
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|
799 <listitem><para> |
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|
800 dla AC3 i DTS użyj <option>afm=hwac3</option> |
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|
801 </para></listitem> |
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|
802 </itemizedlist> |
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|
803 |
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|
804 <para> |
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|
805 Zauważ, że na końcu opcji <option>ac=hwac3,</option> oraz |
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|
806 <option>ac=hwdts,</option> są przecinki. Powodują one, że |
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807 <application>MPlayer</application> będzie używał standardowych kodeków, które |
94dd11eb4dd9
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|
808 są normalnie używane podczas odtwarzania plików, które nie posiadają dźwięku |
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|
809 AC3 ani DTS. |
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|
810 |
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|
811 Opcja <option>afm=hwac3</option> nie wymaga przecinka, |
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812 <application>MPlayer</application> użyje odpowiedniego kodeka, gdy będzie |
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|
813 określony rodzaj dźwięku. |
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|
814 </para> |
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|
815 |
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|
816 </sect3> |
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|
817 |
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|
818 <sect3 id="hwmpa-surround-passthrough"> |
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|
819 <title>Przekazywanie dźwięku MPEG</title> |
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|
820 |
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|
821 <para> |
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|
822 Cyfrowe transmisje TV (takie jak DVB czy ATSC), także niektóre płyty DVDs |
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823 zazwyczaj zawierają strumienie audio w formacie MPEG (konkretnie MP2). |
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824 Część sprzętowych dekoderów MPEG, takich jak pełnofunkcjonalne karty DVB, oraz |
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825 adaptery DXR2, potrafi natywnie dekodować ten format. |
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826 <application>MPlayer</application> może zostać tak skonfigurowany, aby przekazywać |
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|
827 dane audio bez ich dekodowania. |
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|
828 </para> |
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|
829 |
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|
830 <para> |
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|
831 Aby użyć tego sposobu dekodowania: |
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|
832 <screen> mplayer -ac hwmpa </screen> |
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|
833 </para> |
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|
834 </sect3> |
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|
835 |
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|
836 <sect3 id="advaudio-surround-matrix"> |
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|
837 <title>Dźwięk zakodowany macierzowo</title> |
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|
838 |
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|
839 <para> |
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|
840 <emphasis>***TODO***</emphasis> |
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|
841 </para> |
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|
842 <para> |
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|
843 Ta sekcja musi dopiero zostać napisana i nie może zostać ukończona zanim |
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|
844 ktoś nie dostarczy przykładowych plików do testów. Jeżeli posiadasz jakieś |
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|
845 pliki audio zakodowane macierzowo (matrix-encoded), wiesz kto je posiada lub |
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|
846 wiesz cokolwiek co mogłoby być pomocne, wyślij proszę informację na listę |
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|
847 mailingową |
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|
848 <ulink url="http://mplayerhq.hu/mailman/listinfo/mplayer-docs">MPlayer-DOCS</ulink> |
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|
849 W temacie podaj "[matrix-encoded audio]". |
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|
850 </para> |
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|
851 <para> |
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852 Jeżeli nie nadejdą żadne wiadomości, ta sekcja zostanie usunięta. |
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|
853 </para> |
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|
854 |
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|
855 <para> |
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|
856 Przydatne linki: |
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|
857 <itemizedlist> |
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|
858 <listitem><para> |
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859 <ulink url="http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/surround-sound5.htm">http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/surround-sound5.htm</ulink> |
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|
860 </para></listitem> |
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|
861 <listitem><para> |
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862 <ulink url="http://www.extremetech.com/article2/0,1697,1016875,00.asp">http://www.extremetech.com/article2/0,1697,1016875,00.asp</ulink> |
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|
863 </para></listitem> |
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|
864 </itemizedlist> |
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|
865 </para> |
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|
866 |
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|
867 </sect3> |
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parents:
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changeset
|
868 |
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changeset
|
869 |
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changeset
|
870 <sect3 id="advaudio-surround-hrtf"> |
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|
871 <title>Emulacja przestrzeni w słuchawkach</title> |
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|
872 |
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|
873 <para> |
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|
874 <application>MPlayer</application> posiada filtr HRTF (Head Related Transfer |
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|
875 Function) bazujący na <ulink url="http://sound.media.mit.edu/KEMAR.html">projekcie MIT</ulink>, |
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|
876 w ramach którego wykonane zostały pomiary z mikrofonów zamontowanych na głowie |
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|
877 ludzkiego manekina. |
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|
878 </para> |
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changeset
|
879 |
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changeset
|
880 <para> |
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|
881 Chociaż nie jest możliwe dokładne zasymulowanie systemu otaczającego dźwiękiem, |
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|
882 filtr HRTF zawarty w <application>MPlayerze</application> powoduje bardziej |
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|
883 przestrzenne zanurzenie w dźwięku przy uzyciu 2-kanałowych słuchawek. |
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|
884 Standardowy procedura po prostu łączy wszystkie kanały w dwa. <option>hrtf</option>, |
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|
885 obok łączenia kanałów, generuje także subtelne echa, nieznacznie zwiększa |
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|
886 separację kanałów stereo, a także zmienia głośność niektórych częstotliwości. |
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|
887 To, czy dźwięk HRTF brzmi lepiej, może zależeć od źródła dźwięku oraz gustu |
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|
888 słuchacza, ale z pewnością jest on warty wypróbowania. |
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|
889 </para> |
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changeset
|
890 |
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|
891 <para> |
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|
892 Odtwarzanie DVD z HRTF: |
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changeset
|
893 |
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|
894 <screen>mplayer dvd://1 -channels 6 -af hrtf</screen> |
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|
895 |
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|
896 </para> |
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|
897 |
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changeset
|
898 <para> |
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|
899 <option>hrtf</option> działa poprawnie tylko przy 5 i 6 kanałach. Opcja ta wymaga |
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900 także audio próbkowanego z częstotliwością 48kHz. Audio na płytach DVD jest już |
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|
901 próbkowane 48kHz, lecz jeżeli chcesz odtworzyć plik z innym próbkowaniem i opcją |
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|
902 <option>hrtf</option>, musisz dokonać jego przepróbkowania tego pliku: |
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changeset
|
903 |
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|
904 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -channels 6 -af resample=48000,hrtf</screen> |
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changeset
|
905 |
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|
906 </para> |
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changeset
|
907 |
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changeset
|
908 </sect3> |
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changeset
|
909 |
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changeset
|
910 |
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|
911 <sect3 id="advaudio-surround-troubleshooting"> |
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|
912 <title>Rozwiązywanie problemów</title> |
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|
913 |
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changeset
|
914 <para> |
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|
915 Jeżeli nie słyszysz żadnych dźwięków, sprawdź ustawienia miksera przy pomocy |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
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diff
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|
916 stosownego programu, takiego jak <application>alsamixer</application>; |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
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parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
917 niejednokrotnie wyjścia audio są domyślnie wyciszone lub ich głośność jest ustawiona |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
918 na zero. |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
919 </para> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
920 |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
921 </sect3> |
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- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
922 |
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- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
923 </sect2> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
924 |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
925 |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
926 <sect2 id="advaudio-channels"> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
927 <title>Manipulowanie kanałami</title> |
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- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
928 |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
929 <sect3 id="advaudio-channels-general"> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
930 <title>Ogólne informacje</title> |
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- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
931 |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
932 <para> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
933 Niestety nie ma żadnego standardu opisującego w jaki sposób kanały są uporządkowane. |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
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|
934 Poniższe porządki przedstawiają te używane przez AC3, które są dość typowe. Spróbuj |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
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diff
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|
935 ich i sprawdź czy odpowiednie źródła dźwięku się zgadzają. Kanały są numerowane od 0. |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
936 |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
937 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
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- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
938 <title>mono</title> |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
939 <listitem override="0"><simpara>środkowy</simpara></listitem> |
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- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
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parents:
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diff
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|
940 </orderedlist> |
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- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
941 |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
942 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
943 <title>stereo</title> |
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boskicinek
parents:
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diff
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|
944 <listitem override="0"><simpara>lewy</simpara></listitem> |
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- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
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parents:
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diff
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|
945 <listitem><simpara>prawy</simpara></listitem> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
946 </orderedlist> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
947 |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
948 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
949 <title>kwadrofonia</title> |
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- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
950 <listitem override="0"><simpara>lewy przedni</simpara></listitem> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
951 <listitem><simpara>prawy przedni</simpara></listitem> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
952 <listitem><simpara>lewy tylny</simpara></listitem> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
953 <listitem><simpara>prawy tylny</simpara></listitem> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
954 </orderedlist> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
955 |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
956 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
957 <title>surround 4.0</title> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
958 <listitem override="0"><simpara>lewy przedni</simpara></listitem> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
959 <listitem><simpara>prawy przedni</simpara></listitem> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
960 <listitem><simpara>środkowy tylny</simpara></listitem> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
961 <listitem><simpara>środkowy przedni</simpara></listitem> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
962 </orderedlist> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
963 |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
964 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
965 <title>surround 5.0</title> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
966 <listitem override="0"><simpara>lewy przedni</simpara></listitem> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
967 <listitem><simpara>prawy przedni</simpara></listitem> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
968 <listitem><simpara>lewy tylny</simpara></listitem> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
969 <listitem><simpara>prawy tylny</simpara></listitem> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
970 <listitem><simpara>środkowy przedni</simpara></listitem> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
971 </orderedlist> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
972 |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
973 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
974 <title>surround 5.1</title> |
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- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
975 <listitem override="0"><simpara>lewy przedni</simpara></listitem> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
976 <listitem><simpara>prawy przedni</simpara></listitem> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
977 <listitem><simpara>lewy tylny</simpara></listitem> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
978 <listitem><simpara>prawy tylny</simpara></listitem> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
979 <listitem><simpara>środkowy przedni</simpara></listitem> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
980 <listitem><simpara>subwoofer (głośnik niskotonowy)</simpara></listitem> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
981 </orderedlist> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
982 |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
983 </para> |
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boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
984 |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
985 <para> |
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boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
986 Opcja <option>-channels</option> jest używana w celu określenia liczby kanałów |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
987 dekodowanego audio. Niektóre kodeki audio wykorzystują tę liczbę aby zdecydować |
94dd11eb4dd9
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boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
988 czy konieczne jest zmniejszenie liczby kanałów poprzez miksowanie. |
94dd11eb4dd9
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boskicinek
parents:
19102
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changeset
|
989 Zauważ, że ustawienie tej opcji nie jest równoważne z ustawieniem liczby |
94dd11eb4dd9
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boskicinek
parents:
19102
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changeset
|
990 wyjściowych kanałów. Przykładowo, używając opcji <option>-channels 4</option> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
991 aby odtworzyć plik stereo MP3, otrzymamy 2 kanały wyjściowe, bowiem kodek MP3 |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
992 nie potrafi spreparować dodatkowych kanałów. |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
993 </para> |
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- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
994 |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
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changeset
|
995 <para> |
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boskicinek
parents:
19102
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changeset
|
996 Filtr audio <option>channels</option> może być użyty aby stworzyć lub usunąć kanały, |
94dd11eb4dd9
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boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
997 co może być przydatne przy określaniu liczy kanałów przesyłanych do karty muzycznej. |
94dd11eb4dd9
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boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
998 Aby dowiedzieć się więcej, zobacz kolejne sekcje. |
94dd11eb4dd9
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boskicinek
parents:
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changeset
|
999 </para> |
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- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
1000 |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
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changeset
|
1001 </sect3> |
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boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
1002 |
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boskicinek
parents:
19102
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changeset
|
1003 |
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boskicinek
parents:
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changeset
|
1004 <sect3 id="advaudio-channels-mono"> |
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boskicinek
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changeset
|
1005 <title>Odtwarzanie dźwięku mono używając dwóch głośników</title> |
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changeset
|
1006 |
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19102
diff
changeset
|
1007 <para> |
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diff
changeset
|
1008 Dźwięk mono brzmi znacznie lepiej, gdy jest odtwarzany przy użyciu dwóch |
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boskicinek
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changeset
|
1009 głośników - szczególnie gdy używamy słuchawek. Pliki audio, które posiadają |
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boskicinek
parents:
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|
1010 tylko jeden kanał audio są automatycznie odtwarzane przy użyciu obu głośników; |
94dd11eb4dd9
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changeset
|
1011 niestety większość plików mono jest zakodowana jako dźwięk stereo, gdzie jeden |
94dd11eb4dd9
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boskicinek
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|
1012 kanał jest wyciszony. Najłatwiejszą i najbardziej niezawodną metodą pozwalającą |
94dd11eb4dd9
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changeset
|
1013 na odtworzenie dźwięku przy użyciu obu głośników jest użycie filtru |
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|
1014 <option>extrastereo</option>: |
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|
1015 |
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changeset
|
1016 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af extrastereo=0</screen> |
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changeset
|
1017 |
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changeset
|
1018 </para> |
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boskicinek
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changeset
|
1019 |
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changeset
|
1020 <para> |
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changeset
|
1021 Metoda ta uśrednia oba kanały, co skutkuje zmniejszeniu głośności każdego z kanałów |
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|
1022 o połowę względem oryginału. W następnej sekcji zawarto przykłady innych metod rozwiązania |
94dd11eb4dd9
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|
1023 tego problemu bez zmniejszania głośności; niestety są one bardziej skomplikowanego |
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19102
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changeset
|
1024 i wymagają różnych opcji w zależności od kanału, który zawiera dane. |
94dd11eb4dd9
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parents:
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|
1025 Jeżeli na prawdę potrzebujesz utrzymać głośność, możliwe że łatwiej będzie odpowiednio |
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|
1026 dopasować głośność przy użyciu filtru <option>volume</option>. Na przykład: |
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changeset
|
1027 |
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|
1028 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af extrastereo=0,volume=5</screen> |
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boskicinek
parents:
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changeset
|
1029 |
94dd11eb4dd9
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changeset
|
1030 </para> |
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changeset
|
1031 |
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changeset
|
1032 </sect3> |
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|
1033 |
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|
1034 |
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|
1035 <sect3 id="advaudio-channels-copying"> |
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|
1036 <title>Kopiowanie i przesuwanie kanałów</title> |
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|
1037 |
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|
1038 <para> |
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|
1039 Filtr <option>channels</option> potrafi przesunąć dowolny jeden lub wszystkie kanały. |
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|
1040 Ustawienie wszystkich podopcji filtru <option>channels</option> może być |
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|
1041 skomplikowane i wymaga nieco uwagi. |
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|
1042 |
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|
1043 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
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|
1044 <listitem><para> |
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|
1045 Zdecyduj ile wyjściowych kanałów audio potrzebujesz. Oto pierwsza podopcja. |
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|
1046 </para></listitem> |
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|
1047 <listitem><para> |
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|
1048 Policz ile przesunięć kanałów zamierzasz wykonać. To jest druga podopcja. Każdy |
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|
1049 kanał może być przesunięty do kilku różnych kanałów w tym samym czasie, ale pamiętaj, |
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|
1050 że gdy przesuniesz kanał (również gdy do tylko jednego kanału docelowego), źródło zostanie |
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1051 opróżnione, chyba że inny kanał zostanie tam przesunięty. Aby skopiować kanał, |
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|
1052 pozostawiając źródło nietknięte, po prostu przesuń kanał zarówno do miejsca kopiowania, |
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|
1053 jak i do źródła. Na przykład: |
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|
1054 |
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|
1055 <programlisting> |
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|
1056 kanał 2 --> kanał 3 |
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|
1057 kanał 2 --> kanał 2 |
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|
1058 </programlisting> |
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|
1059 </para></listitem> |
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|
1060 <listitem><para> |
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|
1061 Wypisz kopie kanałów jako pary subopcji. Pamiętaj, że pierwszy kanał ma numer 0, |
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|
1062 drugi 1 itd. Kolejność subopcji nie jest istotna tak długo, ale muszą one być |
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|
1063 pogrupowane w pary typu: |
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|
1064 <replaceable>źródło:cel</replaceable>. |
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|
1065 </para></listitem> |
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|
1066 </orderedlist> |
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|
1067 |
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|
1068 </para> |
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|
1069 |
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|
1070 |
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|
1071 <bridgehead>Przykład: jeden kanał w dwóch głośnikach</bridgehead> |
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|
1072 |
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|
1073 <para> |
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|
1074 Oto przykład innej metody odtwarzania jednego kanału w dwóch głośnikach. |
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|
1075 Załóżmy, że lewy kanał ma być odtwarzany, a lewy ma zostać pominięty. |
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|
1076 Zgodnie z krokami opisanymi powyżej: |
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|
1077 <orderedlist> |
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|
1078 <listitem><para> |
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|
1079 Aby dostarczyć dźwięk do każdego z dwóch głośników, pierwsza opcja musi mieć |
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|
1080 wartość "2". |
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|
1081 </para></listitem> |
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|
1082 <listitem><para> |
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1083 Lewy kanał musi zostać przesunięty do prawego kanału oraz lewego, aby nie został |
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|
1084 on pusty. Sumaryczna liczba przesunięć to dwa, zatem druga opcja to również "2". |
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|
1085 </para></listitem> |
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|
1086 <listitem><para> |
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1087 Aby przesunąć lewy kanał (kanał 0) do kanału prawego (kanał 1), para subopcji |
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1088 musi byc "0:1", "0:0" przesunie lewy kanał do siebie. |
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|
1089 </para></listitem> |
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|
1090 </orderedlist> |
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|
1091 Po połączeniu wszystkiego razem otrzymamy: |
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|
1092 |
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|
1093 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af channels=2:2:0:1:0:0</screen> |
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|
1094 </para> |
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|
1095 |
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|
1096 <para> |
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|
1097 Przewaga tego przykładu nad opcją <option>extrastereo</option> jest taka, że |
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1098 głośność każdego z kanałów wyjściowych pozostanie taka sama jak kanału źródłowego. |
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1099 Wadą jest, że podopcje muszą zostać zmienione na "2:2:1:0:1:1", gdy dźwięk zawiera |
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|
1100 kanał prawy. Ponadto trudniej to zapamiętać i wpisać. |
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|
1101 </para> |
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|
1102 |
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1103 <bridgehead>Przykład: lewy kanał w obu głośnikach (skrót)</bridgehead> |
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|
1104 |
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|
1105 <para> |
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|
1106 Istnieje znacznie łatwiejsza metoda na użycie filtru <option>channels</option> w |
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|
1107 celu odtworzenia lewego kanału w dwóch głośnikach: |
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|
1108 |
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|
1109 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af channels=1</screen> |
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|
1110 |
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|
1111 Drugi kanał jest pomijany, a pierwszy jest pozostawiany, bez dodatkowych podopcji. |
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|
1112 Sterowniki kart muzycznych automatycznie odtwarzają jednokanałowy dźwięk wykorzystując |
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|
1113 oba głośniki. Oczywiście zadziała to tylko, gdy pożądanym kanałem jest kanał lewy. |
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|
1114 </para> |
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|
1115 |
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|
1116 <bridgehead>Przykład: kopiowanie kanałów przednich do kanałów tylnych</bridgehead> |
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|
1117 <para> |
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1118 Kolejną typową operacją jest kopiowanie kanałów przednich i odtwarzanie ich z |
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|
1119 tylnych głośników w ustawieniu kwadrofonicznym. |
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|
1120 <orderedlist> |
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|
1121 <listitem><para> |
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1122 Potrzebujemy czterech kanałów wyjściowych, więc pierwsza podopcja to "4". |
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|
1123 </para></listitem> |
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|
1124 <listitem><para> |
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1125 Każdy z przednich kanałów musi zostać przesunięty do odpowiedniego kanału tylnego |
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1126 oraz do siebie. W sumie użyte będą cztery przesunięcia, więc druga opcja to "4". |
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|
1127 </para></listitem> |
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|
1128 <listitem><para> |
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1129 Lewy przedni kanał (kanał 0) musi zostać przesunięty do lewego tylnego (kanał 2): "0:2". |
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1130 Lewy przedni musi być także przesunięty do siebie: "0:0". Prawy przedni (kanał 1) |
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1131 musi zostać przesunięty do prawego tylnego (kanał 3): "1:3" oraz do siebie: "1:1". |
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|
1132 </para></listitem> |
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|
1133 </orderedlist> |
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|
1134 Po połączeniu wszystkich podopcji otrzymujemy: |
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|
1135 |
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1136 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af channels=4:4:0:2:0:0:1:3:1:1</screen> |
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|
1137 |
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|
1138 </para> |
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|
1139 |
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|
1140 </sect3> |
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|
1141 |
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|
1142 |
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|
1143 <sect3 id="advaudio-channels-mixing"> |
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|
1144 <title>Miksowanie kanałów</title> |
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|
1145 |
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|
1146 <para> |
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1147 Filtr <option>pan</option> potrafi zmiksować kanały w określonych przez |
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1148 użytkownika proporcjach. Pozwala to na wykonanie wszystkiego tego co potrafi |
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1149 filtr <option>channels</option> i wiele więcej. Niestety podopcje są tutaj |
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1150 znacznie bardziej skomplikowane. |
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|
1151 <orderedlist> |
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|
1152 <listitem><para> |
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1153 Zdecyduj z iloma kanałami chcesz pracować. Aby to określić możesz potrzebować |
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1154 użyć <option>-channels</option> i/lub <option>-af channels</option>. Późniejsze |
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1155 przykłady pokażą kiedy użyć którego. |
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|
1156 </para></listitem> |
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|
1157 <listitem><para> |
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1158 Zdecyduj ile kanałów ma zostać wprowadzonych do <option>pan</option> (później |
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1159 dekodowane kanały zostaną porzucone). To jest pierwsza podopcja. Kontroluje ona |
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1160 także liczbę kanałów używanych jako wyjście. |
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|
1161 </para></listitem> |
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1162 <listitem><para> |
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1163 Pozostałe podopcje określają jak dużą część danego kanału zmiksować do kanału |
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1164 docelowego. To jest najbardziej skomplikowana część. Aby sprostać temu zadaniu, |
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1165 podzielmy podopcje na kilka grup, po jednej dla każdego kanału wyjściowego. |
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1166 Każda podopcja w zbiorze odpowiada pojedynczemu kanałowi wejściowemu. Liczba, |
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1167 którą podasz odpowiada części kanału wejściowego, która zostanie |
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1168 zmiksowana w kanale wyjściowym. |
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1169 </para> |
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1170 <para> |
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1171 <option>pan</option> akceptuje wartości od 0 do 512, co odpowiada wartościom od |
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1172 0% do 51200% oryginalnej głośności. Bądź ostrożny używając wartości większych od |
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1173 1. Może to spowodować nie tylko bardzo duże zwiększenie głośności, ale także, |
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1174 jeżeli przekroczysz zakres swojej karty muzycznej, możesz usłyszeć okropne trzaski. |
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1175 Jeżeli chcesz, możesz stosować <option>pan</option> z opcją <option>,volume</option>, |
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1176 co włączy obcinanie głośności, jednak najlepiej używać na tyle małych wartości |
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1177 parametrów <option>pan</option>, aby przycinanie nie było potrzebne. |
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|
1178 </para></listitem> |
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|
1179 </orderedlist> |
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|
1180 </para> |
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|
1181 |
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1182 <bridgehead>Przykład: jeden kanał w dwóch głośnikach</bridgehead> |
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|
1183 |
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1184 <para> |
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1185 Oto jeszcze jeden przykład, jak odtworzyć lewy kanał w dwóch głośnikach. |
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1186 Postępując zgodnie z krokami opisanymi powyżej: |
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|
1187 <orderedlist> |
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|
1188 <listitem><para> |
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1189 <option>pan</option> powinien używać dwóch kanałów wyjściowych, więc pierwsza |
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1190 podopcja to "2". |
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|
1191 </para></listitem> |
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|
1192 <listitem><para> |
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1193 Ponieważ mamy dwa kanały wejściowe, będziemy mieli dwie grupy podopcji. |
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1194 Ponieważ używane są również dwa kanały wyjściowe, w każdej grupie będą po dwie |
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1195 podopcje. Lewy kanał z pliku powinien zostać skopiowany z pełną głośnością |
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1196 do nowych kanału: lewego i prawego. W związku z tym, pierwsza grupa podopcji |
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1197 to "1:1". Prawy kanał powinien zostać pominięty, zatem druga grupa to "0:0". |
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1198 Wszelkie zera na końcu listy podopcji mogą zostać pominiętę, ale dla przejrzystości |
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1199 przykładu, pozostawimy je. |
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|
1200 </para></listitem> |
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|
1201 </orderedlist> |
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1202 Po złączeniu wszystkich podopcji otrzymamy: |
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|
1203 |
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|
1204 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af pan=2:1:1:0:0</screen> |
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|
1205 |
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1206 Jeżeli pożądanym kanałem jest prawy, a nie lewy, podopcje zmienią się na |
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|
1207 "2:0:0:1:1". |
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|
1208 </para> |
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|
1209 |
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|
1210 |
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1211 <bridgehead>Przykład: lewy kanał w dwóch głośnikach (skrót)</bridgehead> |
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|
1212 |
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|
1213 <para> |
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1214 Podobnie jak przy użyciu <option>channels</option>, istnieje skrót działający |
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1215 tylko z lewym kanałem: |
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|
1216 |
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|
1217 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af pan=1:1</screen> |
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|
1218 |
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|
1219 Jeżeli <option>pan</option> posiada tylko jeden kanał wejściowy (pozostałe kanały |
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1220 są pomijane), potrzebna jest tylko jedna grupa podopcji z jedną podopcją, która |
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1221 oznacza, że jedyny kanał będzie zawierał 100% siebie. |
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|
1222 </para> |
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|
1223 |
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|
1224 <bridgehead>Przykład: zmniejszanie liczy kanałów w 6-kanałowym PCM</bridgehead> |
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|
1225 <para> |
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1226 Dekoder 6-kanałowego PCM zawarty w <application>MPlayerze</application> nie potrafi |
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1227 zmniejszać liczby kanałów przez miksowanie. Oto metoda dokonania tego przy użyciu |
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|
1228 opcji <option>pan</option>: |
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|
1229 <orderedlist> |
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|
1230 <listitem><para> |
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1231 Liczba kanałów wyjściowych to 2, więc pierwsza podopcja to "2". |
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|
1232 </para></listitem> |
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|
1233 <listitem><para> |
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1234 Jako, że mamy 6 kanałów wejściowych, musimy użyć sześciu grup opcji. |
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1235 Na szczęście, ponieważ interesują nas tylko dwa pierwsze kanały, możemy |
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1236 użyć tylko dwóch grup opcji; pozostałe cztery grupy mogą zostać pominięte. |
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1237 Pamiętaj, że nie wszystki wielokanałowe pliki audio posiadają ten sam porządek |
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1238 kanałów. Poniższy przykład pokazuje zmniejszanie liczby kanałów w pliku, w którym |
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1239 kolejność kanałów jest taka, jak w AC3 5.1: |
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|
1240 <programlisting> |
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|
1241 0 - lewy przedni |
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|
1242 1 - prawy przedni |
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|
1243 2 - lewy tylny |
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1244 3 - prawy tylny |
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1245 4 - środkowy przedni |
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1246 5 - subwoofer (głośnik niskotonowy) |
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|
1247 </programlisting> |
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1248 Pierwsza grupa podopcji zawiera kolejne wartości oryginalnej głośności lewego |
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1249 przedniego kanału, które powinny być dostarczone do odpowiednich kanałów |
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1250 wyjściowych: "1:0". Prawy przedni kanał powinien zostać przeniesiony do |
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1251 prawego wyjściowego: "0:1". Analogicznie dla kanałów tylnych: "1:0" i "0:1". |
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1252 Kanał środkowy powinien zostać przeniesiony do obu kanałów wyjściowych z połową |
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1253 głośności: "0.5:0.5", zaś kanał głośnika niskotonowego powinien być słyszalny |
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1254 w obu kanałach wyjściowych z pełną głośnością: "1:1". |
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|
1255 |
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|
1256 </para></listitem> |
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|
1257 </orderedlist> |
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1258 Połącz wszystko razem, a otrzymasz: |
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|
1259 |
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|
1260 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>6-channel.wav</replaceable> -af pan=2:1:0:0:1:1:0:0:1:0.5:0.5:1:1</screen> |
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|
1261 |
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|
1262 Przedstawione powyżej głośności są tylko przybliżonym przykładem. Nie czuj się |
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|
1263 nimi skrępowany i zmieniaj je zgodnie ze swoim uznaniem. |
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|
1264 </para> |
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|
1265 |
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|
1266 <bridgehead>Przykład: Odtwarzanie audio 5.1 przy pomocy dużych głośników, bez subwoofera</bridgehead> |
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|
1267 |
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|
1268 <para> |
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|
1269 Jeżeli posiadasz parę dużych przednich głośników, możesz nie mieć ochoty |
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1270 tracić pieniędzy na dodatkowy głośnik niskotonowy, tylko po to, aby mieć |
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|
1271 kompletny system 5.1. Jeżeli użyjesz opcji <option>-channels 5</option>, |
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1272 przekażesz do lib52 informację, że ma dekodować audio 5.1 dla systemu 5.0. |
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1273 Tym sposobem kanał głośnika niskotonowego zostanie po prostu pominięty. |
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1274 Jeżeli chcesz rozdzielić kanał subwoofera samodzielnie, musisz dokonać ręcznego |
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|
1275 zmiksowania przy użyciu <option>pan</option>: |
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|
1276 |
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|
1277 <orderedlist> |
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|
1278 <listitem><para> |
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1279 Jako, że <option>pan</option> musi analizować wszystkie 6 kanałów, |
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1280 podaj opcję <option>-channels 6</option>, aby liba52 zdekodował je wszystkie. |
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|
1281 </para></listitem> |
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|
1282 <listitem><para> |
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|
1283 Ponieważ <option>pan</option> będzie używał pięciu kanałów wyjściowych, pierwsza |
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|
1284 podopcja to "5". |
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|
1285 </para></listitem> |
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|
1286 <listitem><para> |
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|
1287 Sześć kanałów wejściowych i pięć wyjściowych oznacza 6 grup po 5 podopcji. |
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|
1288 <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> |
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|
1289 <listitem><simpara> |
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|
1290 Lewy przedni kanał replikuje samego siebie: |
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|
1291 "1:0:0:0:0" |
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|
1292 </simpara></listitem> |
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|
1293 <listitem><simpara> |
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|
1294 Identycznie dla prawego przedniego kanału: |
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|
1295 "0:1:0:0:0" |
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|
1296 </simpara></listitem> |
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|
1297 <listitem><simpara> |
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|
1298 Tak samo dla lewego tylnego: |
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|
1299 "0:0:1:0:0" |
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|
1300 </simpara></listitem> |
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|
1301 <listitem><simpara> |
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|
1302 Oraz tak samo dla prawego tylnego: |
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|
1303 "0:0:0:1:0" |
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|
1304 </simpara></listitem> |
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|
1305 <listitem><simpara> |
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|
1306 Środkowy też: |
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|
1307 "0:0:0:0:1" |
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|
1308 </simpara></listitem> |
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|
1309 <listitem><simpara> |
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|
1310 Teraz musimy zdecydować, co zrobić z subwooferem. Na przykład możemy podzielić |
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1311 go po połowie na lewy przedni i prawy przedni: |
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|
1312 "0.5:0.5:0:0:0" |
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|
1313 </simpara></listitem> |
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|
1314 </itemizedlist> |
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|
1315 </para></listitem> |
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|
1316 </orderedlist> |
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|
1317 Po połączeniu wszystkich opcji otrzymasz: |
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|
1318 |
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|
1319 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>dvd://1</replaceable> -channels 6 -af pan=5:1:0:0:0:0:0:1:0:0:0:0:0:1:0:0:0:0:0:1:0:0:0:0:0:1:0.5:0.5:0:0:0</screen> |
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|
1320 |
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|
1321 </para> |
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|
1322 |
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|
1323 </sect3> |
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|
1324 |
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|
1325 </sect2> |
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|
1326 |
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|
1327 |
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|
1328 <sect2 id="advaudio-volume"> |
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|
1329 <title>Programowa regulacja głośności</title> |
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|
1330 |
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|
1331 <para> |
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|
1332 Niekóre ścieżki audio są zbyt ciche aby można ich komfortowo słuchać bez |
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|
1333 wzmocnienia. Staje się to problemem, gdy Twój sprzęt audio nie potrafi wzmacniać |
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|
1334 sygnału. Opcja <option>-softvol</option> instruuje <application>MPlayera</application>, |
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|
1335 aby ten używał wewnętrznego miksera. Możesz wtedy używać klawiszy strojenia |
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|
1336 głośności (domyślnie <keycap>9</keycap> i <keycap>0</keycap>), aby uzyskać |
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|
1337 większe poziomy głośności. Pamiętaj, że nie omija to miksera Twojej karty |
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|
1338 muzycznej; <application>MPlayer</application> zwiększa tylko głośność sygnału |
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|
1339 przed przesłaniem go do Twojej karty. |
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|
1340 |
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|
1341 Poniższy przykład może być dobrym początkiem: |
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|
1342 |
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|
1343 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>cichy-plik</replaceable> -softvol -softvol-max 300</screen> |
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|
1344 |
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|
1345 Opcja <option>-softvol-max</option> określa maksymalny dozwolony poziom głośności, |
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|
1346 jako procent głośności oryginalnej. Przykładowo, <option>-softvol-max 200</option> |
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|
1347 pozwoli na maksymalne zwiększenie głośności do 200% głośności oryginalnej. |
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|
1348 |
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|
1349 Można bezpiecznie używać dużych parametrów <option>-softvol-max</option>; |
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|
1350 większa głośność nie zostanie użyta, jeżeli nie zwiększysz jej przy pomocy |
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|
1351 klawiszy regulacji głośności. Jedyną wadą stosowania większych wartości jest to, |
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1352 że, ponieważ <application>MPlayer</application> ustala głośność jako procent |
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|
1353 głośności maksymalnej, nie będziesz w stanie precyzyjnie kontrolować głośności |
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|
1354 przy pomocy klawiszy regulacji głośności. Użyj mniejszych wartości parametrów |
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|
1355 <option>-softvol-max</option> i/lub dodaj opcję <option>-volstep 1</option> |
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|
1356 aby uzyskać większą precyzję. |
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|
1357 </para> |
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|
1358 |
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|
1359 <para> |
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1360 Opcja <option>-softvol</option> operuje poprzez kontrolę filtru |
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|
1361 <option>volume</option>. Jeżeli chcesz odtwarzać plik z określoną głośnością, |
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|
1362 możesz podać opcję dla <option>volume</option> ręcznie: |
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|
1363 |
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|
1364 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>cichy-plik</replaceable> -af volume=10</screen> |
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|
1365 |
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|
1366 Pozwoli to na odtworzenie pliku z 10-decybelowym wzmocnieniem. Bądź ostrożny |
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1367 używając filtru <option>volume</option> - ustawiając zbyt dużą głośność możesz |
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|
1368 łatwo uszkodzić swój słuch. Zaczynaj od małych wartości i stopniowo zwiększaj je |
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|
1369 aż do uzyskania pożądanej głośności. Ponadto, jeżeli podasz zbyt dużą wartość, |
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|
1370 filtr <option>volume</option> może musieć przyciąć głośność, aby nie przesłać |
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|
1371 do karty muzycznej danych spoza akceptowalnego przez nią zakresu; będzie to |
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|
1372 powodować zniekształcenia dźwięku. |
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1373 </para> |
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1374 |
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1375 </sect2> |
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1376 |
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1377 </sect1> |
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1378 |
11176 | 1379 </chapter> |