Mercurial > mplayer.hg
annotate DOCS/tech/mpcf.txt @ 17714:ad3cb21e1b18
syncpoint_start description
author | michael |
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date | Thu, 02 Mar 2006 10:34:09 +0000 |
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1 ======================================== |
17547 | 2 NUT Open Container Format DRAFT 20060207 |
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3 ======================================== |
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5 | |
6 | |
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7 Intro: |
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8 ====== |
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9 |
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10 Features / goals: |
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11 (supported by the format, not necessarily by a specific implementation) |
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12 |
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13 Simple |
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14 use the same encoding for nearly all fields |
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15 simple decoding, so slow CPUs (and embedded systems) can handle it |
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16 |
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17 Extendible |
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18 no limit for the possible values of all fields (using universal vlc) |
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19 allow adding of new headers in the future |
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20 allow adding more fields at the end of headers |
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21 |
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22 Compact |
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23 ~0.2% overhead, for normal bitrates |
17438 | 24 index is <100kb per hour |
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25 a usual header for a file is about 100 bytes (audio + video headers together) |
17326 | 26 a packet header is about ~1-5 bytes |
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27 |
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28 Error resistant |
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29 seeking / playback without an index |
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30 headers & index can be repeated |
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31 damaged files can be played back with minimal data loss and fast |
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32 resync times |
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33 |
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34 |
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35 |
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36 Definitions: |
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37 ============ |
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38 |
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39 MUST the specific part must be done to conform to this standard |
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40 SHOULD it is recommended to be done that way, but not strictly required |
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41 |
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42 |
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43 |
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44 Syntax: |
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45 ======= |
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16428 | 47 Since NUT heavily uses variable length fields, the simplest way to describe it |
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48 is using a pseudocode approach. |
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49 |
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50 |
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51 |
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52 Conventions: |
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53 ============ |
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54 |
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55 The data types have a name, used in the bitstream syntax description, a short |
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56 text description and a pseudocode (functional) definition, optional notes may |
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57 follow: |
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58 |
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59 name (text description) |
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60 functional definition |
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61 [Optional notes] |
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62 |
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63 The bitstream syntax elements have a tagname and a functional definition, they |
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64 are presented in a bottom up approach, again optional notes may follow and |
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65 are reproduced in the tag description: |
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66 |
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67 name: (optional note) |
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68 functional definition |
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69 [Optional notes] |
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70 |
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71 The in-depth tag description follows the bitstream syntax. |
16428 | 72 The functional definition has a C-like syntax. |
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73 |
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74 |
12209 | 75 |
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76 Type definitions: |
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77 ================= |
12209 | 78 |
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79 f(n) (n fixed bits in big-endian order) |
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80 u(n) (unsigned number encoded in n bits in MSB-first order) |
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81 |
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82 v (variable length value, unsigned) |
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83 value=0 |
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84 do{ |
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85 more_data u(1) |
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86 data u(7) |
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87 value= 128*value + data |
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88 }while(more_data) |
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89 |
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90 s (variable length value, signed) |
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91 temp v |
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92 temp++ |
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93 if(temp&1) value= -(temp>>1) |
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94 else value= (temp>>1) |
9323 | 95 |
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96 b (binary data or string, to be use in vb, see below) |
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97 for(i=0; i<length; i++){ |
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98 data[i] u(8) |
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99 } |
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100 [Note: strings MUST be encoded in UTF-8] |
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102 vb (variable length binary data or string) |
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103 length v |
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104 value b |
12117 | 105 |
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107 |
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108 Bitstream syntax: |
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109 ================= |
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110 |
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111 Common elements: |
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112 ---------------- |
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113 |
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114 reserved_bytes: |
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115 for(i=0; i<forward_ptr - length_of_non_reserved; i++) |
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116 reserved u(8) |
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117 [a demuxer MUST ignore any reserved bytes |
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118 a muxer MUST NOT write any reserved bytes, as this would make it |
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119 impossible to add new fields at the end of packets in the future |
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120 in a compatible way] |
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121 |
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122 Headers: |
10824 | 123 |
9294 | 124 main header: |
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125 version v |
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126 stream_count v |
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127 max_distance v |
17437 | 128 tmp_pts=0 |
129 tmp_mul=1 | |
130 tmp_stream=0 | |
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131 for(i=0; i<256; ){ |
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132 tmp_flag v |
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133 tmp_fields v |
17437 | 134 if(tmp_fields>0) tmp_sflag v |
135 else tmp_sflag=0 | |
136 if(tmp_fields>1) tmp_pts s | |
137 if(tmp_fields>2) tmp_mul v | |
138 if(tmp_fields>3) tmp_stream v | |
139 if(tmp_fields>4) tmp_size v | |
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140 else tmp_size=0 |
17437 | 141 if(tmp_fields>5) tmp_res v |
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142 else tmp_res=0 |
17437 | 143 if(tmp_fields>6) count v |
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144 else count= tmp_mul - tmp_size |
17437 | 145 for(j=7; j<tmp_fields; j++){ |
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146 tmp_reserved[i] v |
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147 } |
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148 for(j=0; j<count && i<256; j++, i++){ |
17612 | 149 if (i == 'N') { |
150 flags[i]= 4; | |
151 j--; | |
152 continue; | |
153 } | |
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154 flags[i]= tmp_flag; |
17437 | 155 stream_flags[i]= tmp_sflag; |
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156 stream_id_plus1[i]= tmp_stream; |
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157 data_size_mul[i]= tmp_mul; |
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158 data_size_lsb[i]= tmp_size + j; |
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159 pts_delta[i]= tmp_pts; |
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160 reserved_count[i]= tmp_res; |
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161 } |
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162 } |
9294 | 163 |
164 stream_header: | |
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165 stream_id v |
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166 stream_class v |
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167 fourcc vb |
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168 time_base_nom v |
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169 time_base_denom v |
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170 msb_pts_shift v |
17577 | 171 max_pts_distance v |
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172 decode_delay v |
17671 | 173 reserved u(7) |
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174 fixed_fps u(1) |
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175 codec_specific_data vb |
17640 | 176 if(stream_class == video){ |
177 width v | |
178 height v | |
179 sample_width v | |
180 sample_height v | |
181 colorspace_type v | |
182 }else if(stream_class == audio){ | |
183 samplerate_nom v | |
184 samplerate_denom v | |
185 channel_count v | |
186 } | |
16429 | 187 |
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188 Basic Packets: |
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189 |
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190 frame: |
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191 frame_code f(8) |
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192 if(stream_id_plus1[frame_code]==0){ |
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193 stream_id v |
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194 } |
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195 if(pts_delta[frame_code]==0){ |
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196 coded_pts v |
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197 } |
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198 if(flags[frame_code]&1){ |
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199 data_size_msb v |
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200 } |
17437 | 201 if(flags[frame_code]&2){ |
202 coded_stream_flags v | |
203 } | |
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204 for(i=0; i<reserved_count[frame_code]; i++) |
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205 reserved v |
17711 | 206 if(stream_flags&4){ |
207 checksum u(32) | |
17584 | 208 } |
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209 data |
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210 |
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211 index: |
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212 max_pts v |
17711 | 213 syncpoint_start v |
17438 | 214 syncpoints v |
17711 | 215 for(i=syncpoint_start; i<syncpoints; i++){ |
17438 | 216 syncpoint_pos_div8 v |
217 } | |
218 for(i=0; i<stream_count; i++){ | |
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219 last_pts= -1 |
17711 | 220 for(j=syncpoint_start; j<syncpoints; ){ |
17438 | 221 x v |
222 type= x & 1 | |
223 x>>=1 | |
17455 | 224 n=j |
17438 | 225 if(type){ |
226 flag= x & 1 | |
227 x>>=1 | |
228 while(x--) | |
17455 | 229 has_keyframe[n++][i]=flag |
230 has_keyframe[n++][i]=!flag; | |
17438 | 231 }else{ |
232 while(x != 1){ | |
17455 | 233 has_keyframe[n++][i]=x&1; |
17438 | 234 x>>=1; |
235 } | |
236 } | |
17455 | 237 for(; j<n && j<syncpoints; j++){ |
238 if (!has_keyframe[j][i]) continue | |
239 A v | |
17531 | 240 if(!A){ |
241 A v | |
242 B v | |
243 eor_pts[j][i] = last_pts + A + B | |
244 }else | |
245 B=0 | |
246 keyframe_pts[j][i] = last_pts + A | |
247 last_pts += A + B | |
17455 | 248 } |
17438 | 249 } |
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250 } |
9294 | 251 |
17711 | 252 info_packet: |
17669 | 253 stream_id_plus1 v |
254 chapter_id v | |
17708 | 255 chapter_start v |
256 chapter_len v | |
17669 | 257 count v |
258 for(i=0; i<count; i++){ | |
259 name vb | |
260 value s | |
261 if (value==-1){ | |
262 type= "UTF-8" | |
263 value vb | |
264 }else if (value==-2){ | |
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265 type vb |
17669 | 266 value vb |
267 }else if (value==-3){ | |
17685 | 268 type= "s" |
17326 | 269 value s |
17669 | 270 }else if (value<-3){ |
17685 | 271 type= "r" |
17684 | 272 value.den= -value-3 |
17669 | 273 value.num s |
274 }else{ | |
17685 | 275 type= "v" |
17669 | 276 } |
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277 } |
16506 | 278 |
17711 | 279 info_frame: |
280 info_packet | |
281 packet_footer | |
16506 | 282 |
17326 | 283 syncpoint: |
17328 | 284 coded_pts v |
285 stream = coded_pts % stream_count | |
286 global_key_pts = coded_pts/stream_count | |
17438 | 287 back_ptr_div8 v |
12413 | 288 |
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289 Complete definition: |
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290 |
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291 file: |
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292 file_id_string |
17711 | 293 while(bytes_left > 8){ |
294 if(next_byte == 'N'){ | |
295 startcode f(64) | |
296 forward_ptr v | |
297 switch(startcode){ | |
298 case main_startcode: main_header; break; | |
299 case stream_startcode:stream_header; break; | |
300 case info_startcode: info_packet; break; | |
301 case index_startcode: index; break; | |
302 case syncpoint_startcode: syncpoint; break; | |
303 } | |
304 reserved_bytes | |
305 checksum u(32) | |
306 }else | |
307 frame | |
308 } | |
309 index_ptr u(64) | |
310 | |
311 the structure of a undamaged file should look like the following, but | |
312 demuxers should be flexible and be able to deal with damaged headers so the | |
313 above is a better loop in practice (not to mention its simpler) | |
314 note, demuxers MUST be able to deal with new and unknown headers | |
315 | |
316 packet_header | |
317 startcode f(64) | |
318 forward_ptr v | |
319 | |
320 packet_footer | |
321 reserved_bytes | |
322 checksum u(32) | |
323 | |
324 reserved_headers | |
325 while(next_byte == 'N' && next_code != main_startcode | |
326 && next_code != stream_startcode | |
327 && next_code != info_startcode | |
328 && next_code != index_startcode | |
329 && next_code != syncpoint_startcode){ | |
330 packet_header | |
331 packet_footer | |
332 } | |
333 | |
334 file: | |
335 file_id_string | |
336 while(bytes_left > 8){ | |
337 packet_header, main_header, packet_footer | |
338 reserved_headers | |
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339 for(i=0; i<stream_count; i++){ |
17711 | 340 packet_header, stream_header, packet_footer |
341 reserved_headers | |
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342 } |
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343 while(next_code == info_startcode){ |
17711 | 344 packet_header, info_packet, packet_footer |
345 reserved_headers | |
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346 } |
17711 | 347 while(next_code == index_startcode){ |
348 packet_header, index_packet, packet_footer | |
349 reserved_headers | |
17533 | 350 } |
17711 | 351 if (bytes_left > 8) while(next_code != main_startcode){ |
352 if(next_code == syncpoint_startcode){ | |
353 packet_header, syncpoint, packet_footer | |
354 } | |
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355 frame |
17711 | 356 reserved_headers |
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357 } |
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358 } |
17711 | 359 index_ptr u(64) |
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360 |
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361 |
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362 Tag description: |
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363 ---------------- |
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364 |
12242 | 365 file_id_string |
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366 "nut/multimedia container\0" |
9323 | 367 |
368 *_startcode | |
12162 | 369 all startcodes start with 'N' |
370 | |
371 main_startcode | |
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372 0x7A561F5F04ADULL + (((uint64_t)('N'<<8) + 'M')<<48) |
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373 |
12162 | 374 stream_starcode |
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375 0x11405BF2F9DBULL + (((uint64_t)('N'<<8) + 'S')<<48) |
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376 |
17326 | 377 syncpoint_startcode |
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378 0xE4ADEECA4569ULL + (((uint64_t)('N'<<8) + 'K')<<48) |
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379 |
12162 | 380 index_startcode |
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381 0xDD672F23E64EULL + (((uint64_t)('N'<<8) + 'X')<<48) |
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382 |
12162 | 383 info_startcode |
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384 0xAB68B596BA78ULL + (((uint64_t)('N'<<8) + 'I')<<48) |
9294 | 385 |
386 version | |
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387 NUT version. The current value is 2. |
12238 | 388 |
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389 forward_ptr |
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390 size of the packet data (exactly the distance from the first byte |
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391 after the forward_ptr to the first byte of the next packet) |
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392 |
12333 | 393 max_distance |
17326 | 394 max distance of syncpoints, the distance may only be larger if |
395 there is no more than a single frame between the two syncpoints. This can | |
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396 be used by the demuxer to detect damaged frame headers if the damage |
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397 results in too long of a chain |
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398 |
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399 syncpoints SHOULD be placed immediately before a keyframe if the |
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400 previous frame of the same stream was a non-keyframe, unless such |
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401 non-keyframe - keyframe transitions are very frequent |
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402 |
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403 SHOULD be set to <=32768 or at least <=65536 unless there is a very |
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404 good reason to set it higher, otherwise reasonable error recovery will |
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405 be impossible |
12501 | 406 |
17577 | 407 max_pts_distance |
408 max absoloute difference of pts of new frame from last_pts in the | |
17711 | 409 timebase of the stream, without a checksum after the frameheader |
410 Note that last_pts is not necessarily the pts of the last frame | |
17577 | 411 on the same stream, as it is altered by syncpoint timestamps. |
412 | |
16429 | 413 stream_id |
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414 Stream identifier |
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415 stream_id MUST be < stream_count |
9294 | 416 |
417 stream_class | |
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418 0 video |
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419 1 audio |
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420 2 subtiles |
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421 3 metadata |
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422 4 userdata |
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423 in metadata streams each frame contains exactly one info frame |
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424 Note: the remaining values are reserved and MUST NOT be used |
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425 a demuxer MUST ignore streams with reserved classes |
9294 | 426 |
427 fourcc | |
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428 identification for the codec |
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429 example: "H264" |
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430 MUST contain 2 or 4 bytes, note, this might be increased in the future |
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431 if needed |
9294 | 432 |
9297 | 433 time_base_nom / time_base_denom = time_base |
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434 the length of a timer tick in seconds, this MUST be equal to the 1/fps |
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435 if fixed_fps is 1 |
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436 time_base_nom and time_base_denom MUST NOT be 0 |
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437 time_base_nom and time_base_denom MUST be relatively prime |
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438 time_base_denom MUST be < 2^31 |
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439 examples: |
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440 fps time_base_nom time_base_denom |
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441 30 1 30 |
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442 29.97 1001 30000 |
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443 23.976 1001 24000 |
9294 | 444 |
17328 | 445 convert_ts |
446 To switch from 2 different timebases, the following calculation is | |
447 defined: | |
12413 | 448 |
17328 | 449 ln = from_time_base_nom*to_time_base_denom |
450 sn = from_timestamp | |
451 d1 = from_time_base_denom | |
452 d2 = to_time_base_nom | |
453 timestamp = (ln/d1*sn + ln%d1*sn/d1)/d2 | |
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454 Note: this calculation MUST be done with unsigned 64 bit integers, and |
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455 is equivalent to (ln*sn)/(d1*d2) but this would require a 96bit integer |
12413 | 456 |
17532 | 457 compare_ts |
458 Compares timestamps from 2 different timebases, | |
459 if a is before b then compare_ts(a, b) = -1 | |
460 if a is after b then compare_ts(a, b) = 1 | |
461 else compare_ts(a, b) = 0 | |
462 | |
463 Care must be taken that this is done exactly with no rounding errors, | |
464 simply casting to float or double and doing the obvious | |
465 a*timebase > b*timebase is not compliant or correct, neither is the | |
466 same with integers, and | |
467 a*a_timebase.num*b_timebase.den > b*b_timebase.num*a_timebase.den | |
468 will overflow. One possible implementation which shouldn't overflow | |
469 within the range of legal timestamps and timebases is: | |
470 | |
471 if (convert_ts(a, a_timebase, b_timebase) < b) return -1; | |
472 if (convert_ts(b, b_timebase, a_timebase) < a) return 1; | |
473 return 0; | |
474 | |
16429 | 475 msb_pts_shift |
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476 amount of bits in lsb_pts |
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477 MUST be <16 |
9294 | 478 |
12333 | 479 decode_delay |
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480 maximum time between input and output for a codec, used to generate |
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481 dts from pts |
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482 is set to 0 for streams without B-frames, and set to 1 for streams with |
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483 B-frames, may be larger for future codecs |
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484 decode_delay MUST NOT be set higher than necessary for a codec. |
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485 |
9294 | 486 fixed_fps |
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487 1 indicates that the fps is fixed |
9294 | 488 |
9356 | 489 codec_specific_data |
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490 private global data for a codec (could be huffman tables or ...) |
12082 | 491 |
492 frame_code | |
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493 the meaning of this byte is stored in the main header |
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494 the value 78 ('N') is forbidden to ensure that the byte is always |
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495 different from the first byte of any startcode |
9420 | 496 |
12082 | 497 flags[frame_code] |
17437 | 498 Bit Name Description |
499 1 data_size_msb if set, data_size_msb is at frame header, | |
500 otherwise data_size_msb is 0 | |
501 2 more_flags if set, stream control flags are at frame header. | |
502 4 invalid if set, frame_code is invalid. | |
503 | |
504 stream_flags | |
505 stream_flags is "stream_flags[frame_code] ^ coded_stream_flags" | |
506 | |
507 Bit Name Description | |
508 1 is_key if set, frame is keyframe | |
509 2 end_of_relevance if set, stream has no relevance on | |
510 presentation. (EOR) | |
17711 | 511 4 has_checksum if set then the frame header contains a checksum |
17437 | 512 |
513 EOR frames MUST be zero-length and must be set keyframe. | |
514 All streams SHOULD end with EOR, where the pts of the EOR indicates the | |
515 end presentation time of the final frame. | |
516 An EOR set stream is unset by the first content frames. | |
17551 | 517 EOR can only be unset in streams with zero decode_delay . |
17711 | 518 has_checksum must be set if the frame is larger then 2*max_distance or its |
519 pts differs by more then max_pts_distance from the last frame | |
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520 |
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521 stream_id_plus1[frame_code] |
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522 must be <250 |
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523 if it is 0, then the stream_id is coded in the frame |
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524 |
12082 | 525 data_size_mul[frame_code] |
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526 must be <16384 |
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527 |
12082 | 528 data_size_lsb[frame_code] |
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529 must be <16384 |
12082 | 530 |
16429 | 531 pts_delta[frame_code] |
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532 must be <16384 and >-16384 |
12413 | 533 |
17640 | 534 reserved_count[frame_code] |
535 must be <256 | |
536 | |
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537 data_size |
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538 data_size= data_size_lsb + data_size_msb*data_size_mul; |
12082 | 539 |
16429 | 540 coded_pts |
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541 if coded_pts < (1<<msb_pts_shift) then it is an lsb |
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542 pts, otherwise it is a full pts + (1<<msb_pts_shift) |
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543 lsb pts is converted to a full pts by: |
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544 mask = (1<<msb_pts_shift)-1; |
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545 delta = last_pts - mask/2 |
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546 pts = ((pts_lsb-delta)&mask) + delta |
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547 |
16429 | 548 lsb_pts |
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549 least significant bits of the pts in time_base precision |
9294 | 550 Example: IBBP display order |
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551 keyframe pts=0 -> pts=0 |
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552 frame lsb_pts=3 -> pts=3 |
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553 frame lsb_pts=1 -> pts=1 |
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554 frame lsb_pts=2 -> pts=2 |
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555 ... |
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556 keyframe msb_pts=257 -> pts=257 |
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557 frame lsb_pts=255 -> pts=255 |
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558 frame lsb_pts=0 -> pts=256 |
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559 frame lsb_pts=4 -> pts=260 |
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560 frame lsb_pts=2 -> pts=258 |
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561 frame lsb_pts=3 -> pts=259 |
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562 all pts's of keyframes of a single stream MUST be monotone |
9294 | 563 |
12333 | 564 dts |
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565 dts is calculated by using a decode_delay+1 sized buffer for each |
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566 stream, into which the current pts is inserted and the element with |
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567 the smallest value is removed, this is then the current dts |
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568 this buffer is initalized with decode_delay -1 elements |
17327 | 569 |
570 Pts of all frames in all streams MUST be bigger or equal to dts of all | |
17437 | 571 previous frames in all streams, compared in common timebase. (EOR |
572 frames are NOT exempt from this rule) | |
12333 | 573 |
9294 | 574 width/height |
17709 | 575 MUST be set to the coded width/height, MUST not be 0 |
9294 | 576 |
577 sample_width/sample_height (aspect ratio) | |
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578 sample_width is the horizontal distance between samples |
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579 sample_width and sample_height MUST be relatively prime if not zero |
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580 MUST be 0 if unknown |
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581 |
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582 colorspace_type |
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583 0 unknown |
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584 1 ITU Rec 624 / ITU Rec 601 Y range: 16..235 Cb/Cr range: 16..240 |
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585 2 ITU Rec 709 Y range: 16..235 Cb/Cr range: 16..240 |
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586 17 ITU Rec 624 / ITU Rec 601 Y range: 0..255 Cb/Cr range: 0..255 |
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587 18 ITU Rec 709 Y range: 0..255 Cb/Cr range: 0..255 |
10166 | 588 |
12333 | 589 samplerate_nom / samplerate_denom = samplerate |
17709 | 590 the number of samples per second, MUST not be 0 |
9294 | 591 |
17683 | 592 crc32 checksum |
17710 | 593 Generator polynomial is 0x104C11DB7. Starting value is zero. |
17683 | 594 |
9294 | 595 checksum |
17577 | 596 crc32 checksum |
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597 checksum is calculated for the area pointed to by forward_ptr not |
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598 including the checksum itself (from first byte after the |
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599 forward_ptr until last byte before the checksum). |
17711 | 600 for frame headers the checksum contains the framecode byte and all |
601 following bytes upto the checksum itself | |
9294 | 602 |
17640 | 603 Syncpoint tags: |
604 --------------- | |
605 | |
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606 back_ptr_div8 |
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607 back_ptr = back_ptr_div8 * 8 + 7 |
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608 back_ptr must point to a position within 8 bytes of a syncpoint |
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609 startcode. This syncpoint MUST be the closest syncpoint such that at |
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610 least one keyframe with a pts lower or equal to the original syncpoint's |
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611 global_key_pts for all streams lies between it and the current syncpoint. |
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612 |
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613 A stream where EOR is set is to be ignored for back_ptr. |
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614 |
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615 global_key_pts |
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616 After a syncpoint, last_pts of each stream is to be set to: |
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617 last_pts[i] = convert_ts(global_key_pts, timebase[stream], timebase[i]) |
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618 |
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619 global_key_pts MUST be bigger or equal to dts of all past frames across |
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620 all streams, and smaller or equal to pts of all future frames. |
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621 |
17640 | 622 Index tags: |
623 ----------- | |
624 | |
17714 | 625 syncpoint_start |
626 syncpoints | |
627 a index packet stores various flags and syncpoint locations for | |
628 all syncpoints and streams betweem syncpoint_start and | |
629 syncpoint_start + syncpoints | |
630 | |
16429 | 631 max_pts |
17438 | 632 s = max_pts % stream_count |
633 pts = max_pts / stream_count | |
634 The highest pts in the entire file in the timebase of stream 's' . | |
9294 | 635 |
17438 | 636 syncpoint_pos_div8 |
637 offset from begginning of file to up to 7 bytes before the syncpoint | |
638 referred to in this index entry. Relative to position of last | |
639 syncpoint. | |
640 | |
641 has_keyframe | |
642 indicates whether this stream has a keyframe between this syncpoint and | |
643 the last syncpoint. | |
644 | |
645 keyframe_pts | |
646 The pts of the first keyframe for this stream in the region between the | |
17531 | 647 2 syncpoints, in the stream's timebase. (EOR frames are also keyframes) |
648 | |
649 eor_pts | |
650 Coded only if EOR is set at the position of the syncpoint. The pts of | |
651 that EOR. EOR is unset by the first keyframe after it. | |
9294 | 652 |
16429 | 653 index_ptr |
17711 | 654 absolute location in the file of the first byte of the startcode of the |
655 first index packet, or 0 if there is no index | |
16429 | 656 |
17640 | 657 Info tags: |
658 ---------- | |
659 | |
17669 | 660 stream_id_plus1 |
661 Stream this info packet applies to. If zero, packet applies to whole | |
662 file. | |
663 | |
664 chapter_id | |
665 Id of chapter this packet applies to. If zero, packet applies to whole | |
666 file. Positive chapter_id's are real chapters and MUST NOT overlap. | |
667 Negative chapter_id indicate a sub region of file and not a real | |
668 chapter. chapter_id MUST be unique to the region it represents. | |
17711 | 669 chapter_id n MUST not be used unless there are at least n chapters in the |
670 file | |
17669 | 671 |
672 chapter_start | |
673 s= chapter_start % stream_count | |
674 timestamp= chapter_start / stream_count | |
675 timestamp of start of chapter in timebase of stream 's'. | |
676 | |
677 chapter_len | |
678 Length of chapter in same timebase of chapter_start. | |
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679 |
9323 | 680 type |
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681 for example: "UTF8" -> string or "JPEG" -> JPEG image |
17685 | 682 "v" -> unsigned integer |
683 "s" -> signed integer | |
684 "r" -> rational | |
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685 Note: nonstandard fields should be prefixed by "X-" |
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686 Note: MUST be less than 6 byte long (might be increased to 64 later) |
9323 | 687 |
13308
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688 info packet types |
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689 the name of the info entry, valid names are |
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690 "Author" |
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691 "Description" |
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692 "Copyright" |
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693 "Encoder" |
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694 the name & version of the software used for encoding |
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695 "Title" |
17669 | 696 "Cover" (allowed types are "PNG" and "JPEG") |
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697 image of the (CD, DVD, VHS, ..) cover (preferably PNG or JPEG) |
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698 "Source" |
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699 "DVD", "VCD", "CD", "MD", "FM radio", "VHS", "TV", "LD" |
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700 Optional: appended PAL, NTSC, SECAM, ... in parentheses |
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701 "CaptureDevice" |
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702 "BT878", "BT848", "webcam", ... (more exact names are fine too) |
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703 "CreationTime" |
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704 "2003-01-20 20:13:15Z", ... |
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705 (ISO 8601 format, see http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/iso-time.html) |
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706 Note: do not forget the timezone |
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707 "Keywords" |
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708 "Language" |
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709 ISO 639 and ISO 3166 for language/country code |
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710 something like "eng" (US english), can be 0 if unknown |
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711 and "multi" if several languages |
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712 see http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/englangn.html |
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713 and http://www.din.de/gremien/nas/nabd/iso3166ma/codlstp1/en_listp1.html |
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714 the language code |
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715 "Disposition" |
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716 "original", "dub" (translated), "comment", "lyrics", "karaoke" |
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717 Note: if someone needs some others, please tell us about them, so we |
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718 can add them to the official standard (if they are sane) |
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719 Note: nonstandard fields should be prefixed by "X-" |
17686 | 720 Note: names of fields SHOULD be in English if a word with the same |
17653 | 721 meaning exists in English |
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722 Note: MUST be less than 64 bytes long |
9295 | 723 |
724 value | |
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725 value of this name/type pair |
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726 |
9310 | 727 stuffing |
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728 0x80 can be placed in front of any type v entry for stuffing purposes |
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729 |
9294 | 730 |
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731 |
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732 Structure: |
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733 ---------- |
9294 | 734 |
735 the headers MUST be in exactly the following order (to simplify demuxer design) | |
736 main header | |
737 stream_header (id=0) | |
738 stream_header (id=1) | |
739 ... | |
740 stream_header (id=n) | |
741 | |
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742 headers may be repeated, but if they are, then they MUST all be repeated |
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743 together and repeated headers MUST be identical |
17547 | 744 |
745 Each set of repeated headers not at the beginning or end of the file SHOULD | |
746 be stored at the earliest possible position after 2^x where x is | |
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747 an integer and the file end, so the headers may be repeated at 4102 if that is |
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748 the closest position after 2^12=4096 at which the headers can be placed |
9294 | 749 |
17547 | 750 Note: this allows an implementation reading the file to locate backup |
751 headers in O(log filesize) time as opposed to O(filesize) | |
752 | |
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753 headers MUST be placed at least at the start of the file and immediately before |
12501 | 754 the index or at the file end if there is no index |
16428 | 755 headers MUST be repeated at least twice (so they exist three times in a file) |
9295 | 756 |
16685 | 757 there MUST be a sync point immediately before the first frame after any headers |
12503 | 758 |
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759 |
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760 Index: |
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761 ------ |
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762 |
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763 Note: with realtime streaming, there is no end, so no index there either |
17533 | 764 Index MAY only be repeated after main headers. |
9310 | 765 |
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766 |
17669 | 767 Info: |
768 ----- | |
769 | |
770 All info packets with the same chapter_id and stream_id are repeated info | |
771 packets and MUST be binary identical. | |
772 | |
773 All info packets MUST appear after main headers at begginning of file, and | |
774 SHOULD be repeated after all main headers unless they are very large. | |
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775 |
16506 | 776 Info frames can be used to describe the file or some part of it (chapters) |
9310 | 777 |
17669 | 778 Info SHOULD be stored in global packets instead of info streams/frames if |
779 possible, and the amount of data is not large. | |
780 | |
17711 | 781 If 2 info frames have the same chapter_id and stream_id then the earlier |
782 MUST be ignored (the last info frame is the most correct, this allows | |
783 updating or correcting info) | |
784 | |
785 Info frames MUST be keyframes | |
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786 |
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787 demuxer (non-normative): |
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788 ------------------------ |
12501 | 789 |
16428 | 790 in the absence of a valid header at the beginning, players SHOULD search for |
791 backup headers starting at offset 2^x; for each x players SHOULD end their | |
792 search at a particular offset when any startcode is found (including syncpoint) | |
12501 | 793 |
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794 |
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795 |
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796 Semantic requirements: |
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797 ====================== |
16429 | 798 |
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799 If more than one stream of a given stream class is present, each one SHOULD |
16429 | 800 have info tags specifying disposition, and if applicable, language. |
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801 It often highly improves usability and is therefore strongly encouraged. |
16429 | 802 |
803 A demuxer MUST NOT demux a stream which contains more than one stream, or which | |
804 is wrapped in a structure to facilitate more than one stream or otherwise | |
805 duplicate the role of a container. any such file is to be considered invalid. | |
806 | |
12501 | 807 |
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808 |
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809 Sample code (Public Domain, & untested): |
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810 ======================================== |
9294 | 811 |
812 typedef BufferContext{ | |
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813 uint8_t *buf; |
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814 uint8_t *buf_ptr; |
9294 | 815 }BufferContext; |
816 | |
817 static inline uint64_t get_bytes(BufferContext *bc, int count){ | |
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818 uint64_t val=0; |
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819 |
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820 assert(count>0 && count<9); |
9294 | 821 |
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822 for(i=0; i<count; i++){ |
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823 val <<=8; |
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824 val += *(bc->buf_ptr++); |
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825 } |
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826 |
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827 return val; |
9294 | 828 } |
829 | |
830 static inline void put_bytes(BufferContext *bc, int count, uint64_t val){ | |
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831 uint64_t val=0; |
9294 | 832 |
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833 assert(count>0 && count<9); |
9294 | 834 |
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835 for(i=count-1; i>=0; i--){ |
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836 *(bc->buf_ptr++)= val >> (8*i); |
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837 } |
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838 |
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839 return val; |
9294 | 840 } |
841 | |
10061 | 842 static inline uint64_t get_v(BufferContext *bc){ |
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843 uint64_t val= 0; |
9294 | 844 |
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845 for(; space_left(bc) > 0; ){ |
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846 int tmp= *(bc->buf_ptr++); |
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847 if(tmp&0x80) |
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848 val= (val<<7) + tmp - 0x80; |
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849 else |
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850 return (val<<7) + tmp; |
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851 } |
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852 |
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853 return -1; |
9294 | 854 } |
855 | |
10061 | 856 static inline int put_v(BufferContext *bc, uint64_t val){ |
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857 int i; |
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858 |
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859 if(space_left(bc) < 9) return -1; |
9294 | 860 |
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861 val &= 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFULL; // FIXME can only encode upto 63 bits currently |
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862 for(i=7; ; i+=7){ |
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863 if(val>>i == 0) break; |
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864 } |
9294 | 865 |
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866 for(i-=7; i>0; i-=7){ |
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867 *(bc->buf_ptr++)= 0x80 | (val>>i); |
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868 } |
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869 *(bc->buf_ptr++)= val&0x7F; |
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870 |
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871 return 0; |
9579
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872 } |
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873 |
12333 | 874 static int64_t get_dts(int64_t pts, int64_t *pts_cache, int delay, int reset){ |
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875 if(reset) memset(pts_cache, -1, delay*sizeof(int64_t)); |
12333 | 876 |
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877 while(delay--){ |
93d4be7ef83e
cosmetic reformatting: tabs --> spaces, prettyprinting, trailing whitespace
diego
parents:
16685
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878 int64_t t= pts_cache[delay]; |
93d4be7ef83e
cosmetic reformatting: tabs --> spaces, prettyprinting, trailing whitespace
diego
parents:
16685
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879 if(t < pts){ |
93d4be7ef83e
cosmetic reformatting: tabs --> spaces, prettyprinting, trailing whitespace
diego
parents:
16685
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880 pts_cache[delay]= pts; |
93d4be7ef83e
cosmetic reformatting: tabs --> spaces, prettyprinting, trailing whitespace
diego
parents:
16685
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881 pts= t; |
93d4be7ef83e
cosmetic reformatting: tabs --> spaces, prettyprinting, trailing whitespace
diego
parents:
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882 } |
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diego
parents:
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883 } |
12333 | 884 |
16686
93d4be7ef83e
cosmetic reformatting: tabs --> spaces, prettyprinting, trailing whitespace
diego
parents:
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885 return pts; |
12333 | 886 } |
887 | |
16842
d977560c702b
Reformat section titles so that it becomes easier to tell sections and
diego
parents:
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888 |
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Reformat section titles so that it becomes easier to tell sections and
diego
parents:
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889 |
d977560c702b
Reformat section titles so that it becomes easier to tell sections and
diego
parents:
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890 Authors: |
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Reformat section titles so that it becomes easier to tell sections and
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891 ======== |
10158
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some changes (michael: is the colorspace_type field needed?)
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10061
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892 |
16428 | 893 Folks from the MPlayer developers mailing list (http://www.mplayerhq.hu/). |
894 Authors in alphabetical order: (FIXME! Tell us if we left you out) | |
16843 | 895 Beregszaszi, Alex (alex@fsn.hu) |
896 Bunkus, Moritz (moritz@bunkus.org) | |
897 Diedrich, Tobias (ranma+mplayer@tdiedrich.de) | |
898 Felker, Rich (dalias@aerifal.cx) | |
899 Franz, Fabian (FabianFranz@gmx.de) | |
900 Gereoffy, Arpad (arpi@thot.banki.hu) | |
901 Hess, Andreas (jaska@gmx.net) | |
902 Niedermayer, Michael (michaelni@gmx.at) | |
903 Shimon, Oded (ods15@ods15.dyndns.org) |