Mercurial > mplayer.hg
annotate DOCS/xml/en/usage.xml @ 21725:e4cd9d683286
Massive <simpara> -> <para>, as no <simpara>'s are actually needed.
author | torinthiel |
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date | Sat, 23 Dec 2006 15:58:02 +0000 |
parents | f551403d82a9 |
children | 893e314fff49 |
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20535 | 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> |
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2 <!-- $Revision$ --> |
9675 | 3 <chapter id="usage"> |
4 <title>Usage</title> | |
5 | |
6 <sect1 id="commandline"> | |
7 <title>Command line</title> | |
8 | |
9 <para> | |
10 <application>MPlayer</application> utilizes a complex playtree. It consists | |
11 of global options written as first, for example | |
12 <screen>mplayer -vfm 5</screen> | |
13 and options written after filenames, that apply only to the given | |
14 filename/URL/whatever, for example: | |
21521 | 15 <screen> |
16 mplayer -vfm 5 <replaceable>movie1.avi</replaceable> <replaceable>movie2.avi</replaceable> -vfm 4 | |
17 </screen> | |
9675 | 18 </para> |
19 | |
20 <para> | |
21 You can group filenames/URLs together using <literal>{</literal> and | |
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22 <literal>}</literal>. It is useful with option <option>-loop</option>: |
10643 | 23 <screen>mplayer { 1.avi -loop 2 2.avi } -loop 3</screen> |
9675 | 24 The above command will play files in this order: 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2. |
25 </para> | |
26 | |
27 <para> | |
28 Playing a file: | |
29 <synopsis> | |
30 <command>mplayer</command><!-- | |
31 --> [<replaceable>options</replaceable>]<!-- | |
32 --> [<replaceable>path</replaceable>/]<replaceable>filename</replaceable> | |
33 </synopsis> | |
34 </para> | |
35 | |
36 <para> | |
15463 | 37 Another way to play a file: |
38 <synopsis> | |
39 <command>mplayer</command><!-- | |
40 --> [<replaceable>options</replaceable>]<!-- | |
41 --> <replaceable>file:///uri-escaped-path</replaceable> | |
42 </synopsis> | |
43 </para> | |
44 | |
45 <para> | |
9675 | 46 Playing more files: |
47 <synopsis> | |
48 <command>mplayer</command><!-- | |
49 --> [<replaceable>default options</replaceable>]<!-- | |
50 --> [<replaceable>path</replaceable>/]<replaceable>filename1</replaceable><!-- | |
51 --> [<replaceable>options for filename1</replaceable>]<!-- | |
52 --> <replaceable>filename2</replaceable><!-- | |
53 --> [<replaceable>options for filename2</replaceable>] ... | |
54 </synopsis> | |
55 </para> | |
56 | |
57 <para> | |
58 Playing VCD: | |
59 <synopsis> | |
60 <command>mplayer</command> [<replaceable>options</replaceable>]<!-- | |
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61 --> vcd://<replaceable>trackno</replaceable><!-- |
9675 | 62 --> [-cdrom-device <replaceable>/dev/cdrom</replaceable>] |
63 </synopsis> | |
64 </para> | |
65 | |
66 <para> | |
67 Playing DVD: | |
68 <synopsis> | |
69 <command>mplayer</command> [<replaceable>options</replaceable>]<!-- | |
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70 --> dvd://<replaceable>titleno</replaceable><!-- |
9675 | 71 --> [-dvd-device <replaceable>/dev/dvd</replaceable>] |
72 </synopsis> | |
73 </para> | |
74 | |
75 <para> | |
76 Playing from the WWW: | |
77 <synopsis> | |
78 <command>mplayer</command> [<replaceable>options</replaceable>]<!-- | |
79 --> http://<replaceable>site.com/file.asf</replaceable> | |
80 </synopsis> | |
81 (playlists can be used, too) | |
82 </para> | |
83 | |
84 <para> | |
85 Playing from RTSP: | |
86 <synopsis> | |
87 <command>mplayer</command> [<replaceable>options</replaceable>]<!-- | |
88 --> rtsp://<replaceable>server.example.com/streamName</replaceable> | |
89 </synopsis> | |
90 </para> | |
91 | |
92 <para> | |
93 Examples: | |
94 <screen> | |
11713 | 95 mplayer -vo x11 <replaceable>/mnt/Films/Contact/contact2.mpg</replaceable> |
12833 | 96 mplayer vcd://<replaceable>2</replaceable> -cdrom-device <replaceable>/dev/hdc</replaceable> |
11713 | 97 mplayer -afm 3 <replaceable>/mnt/DVDtrailers/alien4.vob</replaceable> |
98 mplayer dvd://<replaceable>1</replaceable> -dvd-device <replaceable>/dev/hdc</replaceable> | |
99 mplayer -abs 65536 -delay -0.4 -nobps <replaceable>~/movies/test.avi</replaceable><!-- | |
9675 | 100 --></screen> |
101 </para> | |
102 </sect1> | |
103 | |
104 | |
21521 | 105 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --> |
106 | |
107 | |
108 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --> | |
109 | |
110 | |
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111 <sect1 id="subosd"> |
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112 <title>Subtitles and OSD</title> |
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113 |
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114 <para> |
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115 <application>MPlayer</application> can display subtitles along with movie files. |
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116 Currently the following formats are supported: |
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117 <itemizedlist> |
21521 | 118 <listitem><para>VOBsub</para></listitem> |
119 <listitem><para>OGM</para></listitem> | |
120 <listitem><para>CC (closed caption)</para></listitem> | |
121 <listitem><para>MicroDVD</para></listitem> | |
122 <listitem><para>SubRip</para></listitem> | |
123 <listitem><para>SubViewer</para></listitem> | |
124 <listitem><para>Sami</para></listitem> | |
125 <listitem><para>VPlayer</para></listitem> | |
126 <listitem><para>RT</para></listitem> | |
127 <listitem><para>SSA</para></listitem> | |
128 <listitem><para>PJS (Phoenix Japanimation Society)</para></listitem> | |
129 <listitem><para>MPsub</para></listitem> | |
130 <listitem><para>AQTitle</para></listitem> | |
131 <listitem><para> | |
132 <ulink url="http://unicorn.us.com/jacosub/">JACOsub</ulink> | |
133 </para></listitem> | |
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134 </itemizedlist> |
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135 </para> |
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136 |
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137 <para> |
21521 | 138 <application>MPlayer</application> can dump the previously listed subtitle |
139 formats (<emphasis role="bold">except the three first</emphasis>) into the | |
140 following destination formats, with the given options: | |
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141 <itemizedlist> |
21521 | 142 <listitem><para>MPsub: <option>-dumpmpsub</option></para></listitem> |
143 <listitem><para>SubRip: <option>-dumpsrtsub</option></para></listitem> | |
144 <listitem><para>MicroDVD: <option>-dumpmicrodvdsub</option></para></listitem> | |
145 <listitem><para>JACOsub: <option>-dumpjacosub</option></para></listitem> | |
146 <listitem><para>Sami: <option>-dumpsami</option></para></listitem> | |
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147 </itemizedlist> |
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148 </para> |
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149 |
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150 <para> |
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151 <application>MEncoder</application> can dump DVD subtitles into |
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152 <link linkend="menc-feat-extractsub">VOBsub</link> format. |
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153 </para> |
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154 |
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155 <para> |
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156 The command line options differ slightly for the different formats: |
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157 </para> |
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158 |
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159 <formalpara> |
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160 <title>VOBsub subtitles</title> |
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161 <para> |
21521 | 162 VOBsub subtitles consist of a big (some megabytes) <filename>.SUB</filename> |
163 file, and optional <filename>.IDX</filename> and/or <filename>.IFO</filename> | |
164 files. If you have files like | |
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165 <filename><replaceable>sample.sub</replaceable></filename>, |
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166 <filename><replaceable>sample.ifo</replaceable></filename> (optional), |
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167 <filename><replaceable>sample.idx</replaceable></filename> - you have to pass |
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168 <application>MPlayer</application> the <option>-vobsub sample |
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169 [-vobsubid <replaceable>id</replaceable>]</option> options |
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170 (full path optional). The <option>-vobsubid</option> option is like |
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171 <option>-sid</option> for DVDs, you can choose between subtitle tracks |
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172 (languages) with it. In case that <option>-vobsubid</option> is omitted, |
20433 | 173 <application>MPlayer</application> will try to use the languages given by the |
21521 | 174 <option>-slang</option> option and fall back to the |
175 <systemitem>langidx</systemitem> in the <filename>.IDX</filename> file to set | |
176 the subtitle language. If it fails, there will be no subtitles. | |
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177 </para> |
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178 </formalpara> |
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179 |
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180 <formalpara> |
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181 <title>Other subtitles</title> |
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182 <para> |
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183 The other formats consist of a single text file containing timing, |
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184 placement and text information. Usage: If you have a file like |
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185 <filename><replaceable>sample.txt</replaceable></filename>, |
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186 you have to pass the option <option>-sub |
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187 <replaceable>sample.txt</replaceable></option> (full path optional). |
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188 </para> |
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189 </formalpara> |
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190 |
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191 <variablelist> |
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192 <title>Adjusting subtitle timing and placement:</title> |
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193 <varlistentry> |
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194 <term><option>-subdelay <replaceable>sec</replaceable></option></term> |
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195 <listitem><para> |
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196 Delays subtitles by <option><replaceable>sec</replaceable></option> seconds. |
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197 Can be negative. The value is added to movie's time position counter. |
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198 </para></listitem> |
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199 </varlistentry> |
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200 <varlistentry> |
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201 <term><option>-subfps <replaceable>RATE</replaceable></option></term> |
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202 <listitem><para> |
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203 Specify frame/sec rate of subtitle file (float number). |
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204 </para></listitem> |
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205 </varlistentry> |
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206 <varlistentry> |
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207 <term><option>-subpos <replaceable>0-100</replaceable></option></term> |
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208 <listitem><para> |
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209 Specify the position of subtitles. |
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210 </para></listitem> |
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211 </varlistentry> |
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212 </variablelist> |
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213 |
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214 <para> |
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215 If you experience a growing delay between the movie and the subtitles when |
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216 using a MicroDVD subtitle file, most likely the framerate of the movie and |
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217 the subtitle file are different. Please note that the MicroDVD subtitle |
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218 format uses absolute frame numbers for its timing, but there is no fps |
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219 information in it, and therefore the <option>-subfps</option> option should |
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220 be used with this format. If you like to solve this problem permanently, |
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221 you have to manually convert the subtitle file framerate. |
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222 <application>MPlayer</application> can do this |
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223 conversion for you: |
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224 |
21521 | 225 <screen> |
226 mplayer -dumpmicrodvdsub -fps <replaceable>subtitles_fps</replaceable> -subfps <replaceable>avi_fps</replaceable> \ | |
227 -sub <replaceable>subtitle_filename</replaceable> <replaceable>dummy.avi</replaceable> | |
228 </screen> | |
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229 </para> |
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230 |
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231 <para> |
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232 About DVD subtitles, read the <link linkend="dvd">DVD</link> section. |
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233 </para> |
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234 </sect1> |
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235 |
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236 |
21521 | 237 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --> |
238 | |
239 | |
240 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --> | |
241 | |
242 | |
9675 | 243 <sect1 id="control"> |
244 <title>Control</title> | |
245 | |
246 <para> | |
247 <application>MPlayer</application> has a fully configurable, command | |
248 driven, control layer which lets you control | |
249 <application>MPlayer</application> with keyboard, mouse, joystick or remote | |
250 control (using LIRC). See the man page for the complete list of keyboard controls. | |
251 </para> | |
252 | |
21521 | 253 <!-- ********** --> |
9675 | 254 |
255 <sect2 id="ctrl-cfg"> | |
256 <title>Controls configuration</title> | |
257 | |
258 <para> | |
259 <application>MPlayer</application> allows you bind any key/button to any | |
11540 | 260 <application>MPlayer</application> command using a simple config file. |
261 The syntax consist of a key name followed by a command. The default config file location is | |
9675 | 262 <filename>$HOME/.mplayer/input.conf</filename> but it can be overridden |
263 using the <option>-input <replaceable>conf</replaceable></option> option | |
264 (relative path are relative to <filename>$HOME/.mplayer</filename>). | |
265 </para> | |
266 | |
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267 <para> |
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268 You can get a full list of supported key names by running |
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269 <command>mplayer -input keylist</command> |
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270 and a full list of available commands by running |
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271 <command>mplayer -input cmdlist</command>. |
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272 </para> |
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273 |
20035 | 274 <example id="input_control_file"> |
9675 | 275 <title>A simple input control file</title> |
276 <programlisting> | |
277 ## | |
278 ## MPlayer input control file | |
279 ## | |
280 | |
281 RIGHT seek +10 | |
282 LEFT seek -10 | |
283 - audio_delay 0.100 | |
284 + audio_delay -0.100 | |
285 q quit | |
286 > pt_step 1 | |
287 < pt_step -1 | |
288 ENTER pt_step 1 1<!-- | |
289 --></programlisting> | |
290 </example> | |
291 </sect2> | |
292 | |
21521 | 293 <!-- ********** --> |
9675 | 294 |
295 <sect2 id="lirc"> | |
296 <title>Control from LIRC</title> | |
297 | |
298 <para> | |
299 Linux Infrared Remote Control - use an easy to build home-brewn IR-receiver, | |
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300 an (almost) arbitrary remote control and control your Linux box with it! |
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301 More about it on the <ulink url="http://www.lirc.org">LIRC homepage</ulink>. |
9675 | 302 </para> |
303 | |
304 <para> | |
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305 If you have the LIRC package installed, <filename>configure</filename> will |
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306 autodetect it. If everything went fine, <application>MPlayer</application> |
21596 | 307 will print "<systemitem>Setting up LIRC support...</systemitem>" |
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308 on startup. If an error occurs it will tell you. If there is no message about |
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309 LIRC there is no support compiled in. That's it :-) |
9675 | 310 </para> |
311 | |
312 <para> | |
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313 The application name for <application>MPlayer</application> is - surprise - |
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314 <filename>mplayer</filename>. You can use any <application>MPlayer</application> |
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315 commands and even pass more than one command by separating them with |
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316 <literal>\n</literal>. |
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317 Do not forget to enable the repeat flag in <filename>.lircrc</filename> when |
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318 it makes sense (seek, volume, etc). Here is an excerpt from a sample |
9675 | 319 <filename>.lircrc</filename>: |
320 </para> | |
321 | |
322 <programlisting> | |
323 begin | |
324 button = VOLUME_PLUS | |
325 prog = mplayer | |
326 config = volume 1 | |
327 repeat = 1 | |
328 end | |
329 | |
330 begin | |
331 button = VOLUME_MINUS | |
332 prog = mplayer | |
333 config = volume -1 | |
334 repeat = 1 | |
335 end | |
336 | |
337 begin | |
338 button = CD_PLAY | |
339 prog = mplayer | |
340 config = pause | |
341 end | |
342 | |
343 begin | |
344 button = CD_STOP | |
345 prog = mplayer | |
346 config = seek 0 1\npause | |
347 end<!-- | |
348 --></programlisting> | |
349 | |
350 <para> | |
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351 If you do not like the standard location for the lirc-config file |
9675 | 352 (<filename>~/.lircrc</filename>) use the <option>-lircconf |
353 <replaceable>filename</replaceable></option> switch to specify another | |
354 file. | |
355 </para> | |
356 </sect2> | |
357 | |
21521 | 358 <!-- ********** --> |
9675 | 359 |
360 <sect2 id="slave-mode"> | |
361 <title>Slave mode</title> | |
21521 | 362 |
9675 | 363 <para> |
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364 The slave mode allows you to build simple frontends to |
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365 <application>MPlayer</application>. When run with the |
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366 <option>-slave</option> option <application>MPlayer</application> will |
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367 read commands separated by a newline (\n) from stdin. |
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368 The commands are documented in the |
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369 <ulink url="../../tech/slave.txt">slave.txt</ulink> file. |
9675 | 370 </para> |
371 </sect2> | |
372 </sect1> | |
373 | |
21521 | 374 <!-- ********** --> |
375 | |
376 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --> | |
377 | |
9675 | 378 |
379 <sect1 id="streaming"> | |
380 <title>Streaming from network or pipes</title> | |
381 | |
382 <para> | |
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383 <application>MPlayer</application> can play files from the network, using the |
10755 | 384 HTTP, FTP, MMS or RTSP/RTP protocol. |
9675 | 385 </para> |
386 | |
387 <para> | |
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388 Playing works simply by passing the URL on the command line. |
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389 <application>MPlayer</application> honors the <envar>http_proxy</envar> |
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390 environment variable, using a proxy if available. Proxies can also be forced: |
11713 | 391 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>http_proxy://proxy.micorsops.com:3128/http://micorsops.com:80/stream.asf</replaceable></screen> |
9675 | 392 </para> |
393 | |
394 <para> | |
395 <application>MPlayer</application> can read from stdin | |
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396 (<emphasis>not</emphasis> named pipes). This can for example be used to |
9675 | 397 play from FTP: |
11713 | 398 <screen>wget <replaceable>ftp://micorsops.com/something.avi</replaceable> -O - | mplayer -</screen> |
9675 | 399 </para> |
400 | |
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401 <note><para> |
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402 It is also recommended to enable <option>-cache</option> when playing |
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403 from the network: |
11713 | 404 <screen>wget <replaceable>ftp://micorsops.com/something.avi</replaceable> -O - | mplayer -cache 8192 -</screen> |
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405 </para></note> |
15499 | 406 |
21521 | 407 <!-- ********** --> |
408 | |
15499 | 409 <sect2 id="streaming-save"> |
410 <title>Saving streamed content</title> | |
21521 | 411 |
15499 | 412 <para> |
21521 | 413 Once you succeed in making <application>MPlayer</application> play |
414 your favorite internet stream, you can use the option | |
415 <option>-dumpstream</option> to save the stream into a file. | |
416 For example: | |
15499 | 417 <screen> |
21521 | 418 mplayer <replaceable>http://217.71.208.37:8006</replaceable> -dumpstream -dumpfile <replaceable>stream.asf</replaceable> |
15499 | 419 </screen> |
21521 | 420 will save the content streamed from |
421 <replaceable>http://217.71.208.37:8006</replaceable> into | |
422 <replaceable>stream.asf</replaceable>. | |
423 This works with all protocols supported by | |
424 <application>MPlayer</application>, like MMS, RSTP, and so forth. | |
15499 | 425 </para> |
426 </sect2> | |
21521 | 427 </sect1> |
15499 | 428 |
21521 | 429 <!-- ********** --> |
430 | |
431 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --> | |
432 | |
9966 | 433 |
434 <sect1 id="mpst" xreflabel="Remote streams"> | |
435 <title>Remote streams</title> | |
436 | |
437 <para> | |
438 Remote streams allow you to access most <application>MPlayer</application> | |
439 stream type from a remote host. The main purpose of this feature is to make | |
440 it possible to directly use the CD or DVD drive of another computer on the | |
441 network (provided you have the required bandwidth). On the downside some | |
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442 stream type (currently TV and MF) are not usable remotely because they are |
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443 implemented at the demuxer level. It is sad for MF but TV stream would anyway |
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444 require an insane amount of bandwidth. |
9966 | 445 </para> |
446 | |
21521 | 447 <!-- ********** --> |
448 | |
9966 | 449 <sect2 id="compile_mpst_server"> |
450 <title>Compiling the server</title> | |
21521 | 451 |
9966 | 452 <para> |
453 After having compiled <application>MPlayer</application> go to the | |
454 <filename>TOOLS/netstream</filename> directory and enter | |
455 <application>make</application> to build the server binary. | |
456 You can then copy the <application>netstream</application> binary | |
9969 | 457 to the right place on your system (usually |
458 <filename class="directory">/usr/local/bin</filename> on Linux). | |
9966 | 459 </para> |
460 </sect2> | |
461 | |
21521 | 462 <!-- ********** --> |
463 | |
9966 | 464 <sect2 id="use_mpst"> |
465 <title>Using remote streams</title> | |
21521 | 466 |
9966 | 467 <para> |
468 First you have to start the server on the computer you intend to remotely | |
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469 access. Currently the server is very basic and does not have any commands |
9966 | 470 line arguments so just enter <filename>netstream</filename>. Now you can |
471 for example play the second track of a VCD on the server with : | |
472 <screen> | |
11713 | 473 mplayer -cache 5000 <replaceable>mpst://servername/vcd://2</replaceable> |
9966 | 474 </screen> |
475 You can also access files on this server : | |
476 <screen> | |
11713 | 477 mplayer -cache 5000 <replaceable>mpst://servername//usr/local/movies/lol.avi</replaceable> |
9966 | 478 </screen> |
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479 Note that paths which aren't starting with a / will be relative to |
21521 | 480 the directory where the server is running. The <option>-cache</option> option |
481 is not needed but highly recommended. | |
9966 | 482 </para> |
483 | |
484 <para> | |
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485 Be aware that currently the server is not secure at all. So do not complain |
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486 about the numerous exploits which are possible through this. Instead send |
9966 | 487 some (good) patch to make it better or start writing your own server. |
488 </para> | |
21521 | 489 </sect2> |
490 </sect1> | |
9966 | 491 |
492 | |
21521 | 493 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --> |
494 | |
11786 | 495 |
496 <sect1 id="edl" xreflabel="Edit Decision Lists (EDL)"> | |
497 <title>Edit Decision Lists (EDL)</title> | |
498 | |
499 <para> | |
500 The edit decision list (EDL) system allows you to automatically skip | |
501 or mute sections of videos during playback, based on a movie specific | |
502 EDL configuration file. | |
503 </para> | |
504 | |
505 <para> | |
506 This is useful for those who may want to watch a film in "family-friendly" | |
507 mode. You can cut out any violence, profanity, Jar-Jar Binks .. from a movie | |
508 according to your own personal preferences. Aside from this, there are other | |
509 uses, like automatically skipping over commercials in video files you watch. | |
510 </para> | |
511 | |
512 <para> | |
18959 | 513 The EDL file format is pretty bare-bones. There is one command per line that |
514 indicates what to do (skip/mute) and when to do it (using pts in seconds). | |
11786 | 515 </para> |
516 | |
21521 | 517 <!-- ********** --> |
518 | |
11786 | 519 <sect2 id="edl_using"> |
520 <title>Using an EDL file</title> | |
21521 | 521 |
11786 | 522 <para> |
523 Include the <option>-edl <filename></option> flag when you run | |
524 <application>MPlayer</application>, with the name of the EDL file you | |
525 want applied to the video. | |
526 </para> | |
527 </sect2> | |
528 | |
21521 | 529 <!-- ********** --> |
530 | |
11786 | 531 <sect2 id="edl_making"> |
532 <title>Making an EDL file</title> | |
21521 | 533 |
11786 | 534 <para> |
535 The current EDL file format is: | |
21521 | 536 <programlisting>[begin second] [end second] [action]</programlisting> |
11786 | 537 Where the seconds are floating-point numbers and the action is either |
538 <literal>0</literal> for skip or <literal>1</literal> for mute. Example: | |
539 <programlisting> | |
540 5.3 7.1 0 | |
541 15 16.7 1 | |
542 420 422 0 | |
543 </programlisting> | |
544 This will skip from second 5.3 to second 7.1 of the video, then mute at | |
545 15 seconds, unmute at 16.7 seconds and skip from second 420 to second 422 | |
546 of the video. These actions will be performed when the playback timer | |
547 reaches the times given in the file. | |
548 </para> | |
549 | |
550 <para> | |
21521 | 551 To create an EDL file to work from, use the <option>-edlout |
552 <filename></option> flag. During playback, just hit <keycap>i</keycap> to | |
553 mark the beginning and end of a skip block. | |
554 A corresponding entry will be written to the file for that time. | |
555 You can then go back and fine-tune the generated EDL file as well as | |
18912 | 556 change the default operation which is to skip the block described by each line. |
11786 | 557 </para> |
558 </sect2> | |
21521 | 559 </sect1> |
11786 | 560 |
21521 | 561 |
562 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --> | |
11786 | 563 |
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565 <sect1 id="advaudio" xreflabel="Advanced Audio"> |
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566 <title>Advanced audio</title> |
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567 |
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568 <sect2 id="advaudio-surround"> |
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569 <title>Surround/Multichannel playback</title> |
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570 |
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571 <sect3 id="advaudio-surround-DVD"> |
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572 <title>DVDs</title> |
21521 | 573 |
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574 <para> |
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575 Most DVDs and many other files include surround sound. |
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576 <application>MPlayer</application> supports surround playback but does not |
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577 enable it by default because stereo equipment is by far more common. To play a |
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578 file that has more than two channels of audio use <option>-channels</option>. |
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579 For example, to play a DVD with 5.1 audio: |
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580 <screen>mplayer dvd://1 -channels 6</screen> |
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581 Note that despite the name "5.1" there are actually six discrete channels. |
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582 If you have surround sound equipment it is safe to put the |
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583 <option>channels</option> option in your <application>MPlayer</application> |
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584 configuration file <filename>~/.mplayer/config</filename>. For example, to make |
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585 quadraphonic playback the default, add this line: |
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586 <programlisting>channels=4</programlisting> |
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587 <application>MPlayer</application> will then output audio in four channels when |
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588 all four channels are available. |
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589 </para> |
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590 </sect3> |
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591 |
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592 |
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593 <sect3 id="advaudio-surround-stereoinfour"> |
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594 <title>Playing stereo files to four speakers</title> |
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595 |
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596 <para> |
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597 <application>MPlayer</application> does not duplicate any channels by default, |
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598 and neither do most audio drivers. If you want to do that manually: |
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599 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af channels=2:2:0:1:0:0</screen> |
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600 See the section on |
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601 <link linkend="advaudio-channels-copying">channel copying</link> for an |
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602 explanation. |
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603 </para> |
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604 </sect3> |
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605 |
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606 |
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607 <sect3 id="advaudio-surround-passthrough"> |
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608 <title>AC3/DTS Passthrough</title> |
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609 |
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610 <para> |
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611 DVDs usually have surround audio encoded in AC3 (Dolby Digital) or DTS |
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612 (Digital Theater System) format. Some modern audio equipment is capable of |
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613 decoding these formats internally. <application>MPlayer</application> can be |
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614 configured to relay the audio data without decoding it. This will only work if |
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615 you have a S/PDIF (Sony/Philips Digital Interface) jack in your sound card. |
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616 </para> |
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617 |
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618 <para> |
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619 If your audio equipment can decode both AC3 and DTS, you can safely enable |
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620 passthrough for both formats. Otherwise, enable passthrough for only the format |
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621 your equipment supports. |
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622 </para> |
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623 |
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624 <itemizedlist> |
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625 <title>To enable passthrough on the command line:</title> |
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626 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 627 For AC3 only, use <option>-ac hwac3</option> |
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628 </para></listitem> |
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629 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 630 For DTS only, use <option>-ac hwdts</option> |
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631 </para></listitem> |
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632 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 633 For both AC3 and DTS, use <option>-afm hwac3</option> |
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634 </para></listitem> |
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635 </itemizedlist> |
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636 |
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637 <itemizedlist> |
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638 <title>To enable passthrough in the <application>MPlayer</application> |
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639 configuration file: </title> |
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640 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 641 For AC3 only, use <option>ac=hwac3,</option> |
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642 </para></listitem> |
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643 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 644 For DTS only, use <option>ac=hwdts,</option> |
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645 </para></listitem> |
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646 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 647 For both AC3 and DTS, use <option>afm=hwac3</option> |
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648 </para></listitem> |
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649 </itemizedlist> |
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650 |
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651 <para> |
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652 Note that there is a comma (",") at the end of |
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653 <option>ac=hwac3,</option> and <option>ac=hwdts,</option>. This will make |
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654 <application>MPlayer</application> fall back on the codecs it normally uses when |
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655 playing a file that does not have AC3 or DTS audio. <option>afm=hwac3</option> |
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656 does not need a comma; <application>MPlayer</application> will fall back anyway |
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657 when an audio family is specified. |
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658 </para> |
21521 | 659 </sect3> |
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660 |
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661 |
17432 | 662 <sect3 id="hwmpa-surround-passthrough"> |
663 <title>MPEG audio Passthrough</title> | |
664 | |
665 <para> | |
666 Digital TV transmissions (such as DVB and ATSC) and some DVDs usually have | |
667 MPEG audio streams (in particular MP2). | |
668 Some MPEG hardware decoders such as full-featured DVB cards and DXR2 | |
669 adapters can natively decode this format. | |
670 <application>MPlayer</application> can be configured to relay the audio data | |
671 without decoding it. | |
672 </para> | |
673 | |
674 <para> | |
675 To use this codec: | |
676 <screen> mplayer -ac hwmpa </screen> | |
677 </para> | |
678 </sect3> | |
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679 |
21521 | 680 |
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681 <sect3 id="advaudio-surround-matrix"> |
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682 <title>Matrix-encoded audio</title> |
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683 |
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684 <para> |
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685 <emphasis>***TODO***</emphasis> |
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686 </para> |
21521 | 687 |
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688 <para> |
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689 This section has yet to be written and cannot be completed until somebody |
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690 provides sample files for us to test. If you have any matrix-encoded audio |
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691 files, know where to find some, or have any information that could be helpful, |
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692 please send a message to the |
19709 | 693 <ulink url="http://lists.mplayerhq.hu/mailman/listinfo/mplayer-docs">MPlayer-DOCS</ulink> |
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694 mailing list. Put "[matrix-encoded audio]" in the subject line. |
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695 </para> |
21521 | 696 |
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697 <para> |
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698 If no files or further information are forthcoming this section will be dropped. |
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699 </para> |
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700 |
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701 <para> |
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702 Good links: |
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703 <itemizedlist> |
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704 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 705 <ulink url="http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/surround-sound5.htm">http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/surround-sound5.htm</ulink> |
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706 </para></listitem> |
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707 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 708 <ulink url="http://www.extremetech.com/article2/0,1697,1016875,00.asp">http://www.extremetech.com/article2/0,1697,1016875,00.asp</ulink> |
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709 </para></listitem> |
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710 </itemizedlist> |
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711 </para> |
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712 </sect3> |
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713 |
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714 |
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715 <sect3 id="advaudio-surround-hrtf"> |
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716 <title>Surround emulation in headphones</title> |
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717 |
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718 <para> |
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719 <application>MPlayer</application> includes an HRTF (Head Related Transfer |
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|
720 Function) filter based on an |
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|
721 <ulink url="http://sound.media.mit.edu/KEMAR.html">MIT project</ulink> |
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722 wherein measurements were taken from microphones mounted on a dummy human head. |
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723 </para> |
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724 |
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725 <para> |
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726 Although it is not possible to exactly imitate a surround system, |
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727 <application>MPlayer</application>'s HRTF filter does provide more spatially |
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728 immersive audio in 2-channel headphones. Regular downmixing simply combines all |
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729 the channels into two; besides combining the channels, <option>hrtf</option> |
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730 generates subtle echoes, increases the stereo separation slightly, and alters |
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731 the volume of some frequencies. Whether HRTF sounds better may be dependent on |
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732 the source audio and a matter of personal taste, but it is definitely worth |
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733 trying out. |
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734 </para> |
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735 |
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736 <para> |
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737 To play a DVD with HRTF: |
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738 <screen>mplayer dvd://1 -channels 6 -af hrtf</screen> |
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739 </para> |
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740 |
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741 <para> |
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742 <option>hrtf</option> only works well with 5 or 6 channels. Also, |
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743 <option>hrtf</option> requires 48 kHz audio. DVD audio is already 48 kHz, but if |
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744 you have a file with a different sampling rate that you want to play using |
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745 <option>hrtf</option> you must resample it: |
21521 | 746 <screen> |
747 mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -channels 6 -af resample=48000,hrtf | |
748 </screen> | |
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749 </para> |
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750 </sect3> |
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751 |
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752 |
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753 <sect3 id="advaudio-surround-troubleshooting"> |
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754 <title>Troubleshooting</title> |
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755 |
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756 <para> |
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757 If you do not hear any sound out of your surround channels, check your mixer |
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758 settings with a mixer program such as <application>alsamixer</application>; |
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759 audio outputs are often muted and set to zero volume by default. |
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760 </para> |
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761 </sect3> |
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762 </sect2> |
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763 |
21521 | 764 <!-- ********** --> |
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765 |
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766 <sect2 id="advaudio-channels"> |
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767 <title>Channel manipulation</title> |
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768 |
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769 <sect3 id="advaudio-channels-general"> |
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770 <title>General information</title> |
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771 |
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772 <para> |
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773 Unfortunately, there is no standard for how channels are ordered. The orders |
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774 listed below are those of AC3 and are fairly typical; try them and see if your |
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775 source matches. Channels are numbered starting with 0. |
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776 |
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777 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
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778 <title>mono</title> |
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779 <listitem override="0"><para>center</para></listitem> |
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780 </orderedlist> |
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781 |
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782 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
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783 <title>stereo</title> |
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784 <listitem override="0"><para>left</para></listitem> |
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785 <listitem><para>right</para></listitem> |
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786 </orderedlist> |
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787 |
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788 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
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789 <title>quadraphonic</title> |
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790 <listitem override="0"><para>left front</para></listitem> |
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791 <listitem><para>right front</para></listitem> |
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792 <listitem><para>left rear</para></listitem> |
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793 <listitem><para>right rear</para></listitem> |
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794 </orderedlist> |
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|
795 |
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796 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
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797 <title>surround 4.0</title> |
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798 <listitem override="0"><para>left front</para></listitem> |
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799 <listitem><para>right front</para></listitem> |
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800 <listitem><para>center rear</para></listitem> |
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801 <listitem><para>center front</para></listitem> |
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802 </orderedlist> |
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|
803 |
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|
804 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
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805 <title>surround 5.0</title> |
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806 <listitem override="0"><para>left front</para></listitem> |
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807 <listitem><para>right front</para></listitem> |
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808 <listitem><para>left rear</para></listitem> |
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809 <listitem><para>right rear</para></listitem> |
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810 <listitem><para>center front</para></listitem> |
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811 </orderedlist> |
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|
812 |
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|
813 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
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814 <title>surround 5.1</title> |
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815 <listitem override="0"><para>left front</para></listitem> |
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816 <listitem><para>right front</para></listitem> |
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817 <listitem><para>left rear</para></listitem> |
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818 <listitem><para>right rear</para></listitem> |
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819 <listitem><para>center front</para></listitem> |
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820 <listitem><para>subwoofer</para></listitem> |
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821 </orderedlist> |
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|
822 </para> |
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|
823 |
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|
824 <para> |
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825 The <option>-channels</option> option is used to request the number of |
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|
826 channels from the audio decoder. Some audio codecs use the number of specified |
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827 channels to decide if downmixing the source is necessary. Note that this does |
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828 not always affect the number of output channels. For example, using |
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829 <option>-channels 4</option> to play a stereo MP3 file will still result in |
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830 2-channel output since the MP3 codec will not produce the extra channels. |
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831 </para> |
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832 |
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833 <para> |
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834 The <option>channels</option> audio filter can be used to create or remove |
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835 channels and is useful for controlling the number of channels sent to the sound |
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836 card. See the following sections for more information on channel manipulation. |
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837 </para> |
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838 </sect3> |
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839 |
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840 |
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841 <sect3 id="advaudio-channels-mono"> |
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842 <title>Playing mono with two speakers</title> |
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843 |
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844 <para> |
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845 Mono sounds a lot better when played through two speakers - especially when |
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846 using headphones. Audio files that truly have one channel are automatically |
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847 played through two speakers; unfortunately, most files with mono sound are |
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848 actually encoded as stereo with one channel silent. The easiest and most |
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849 foolproof way to make both speakers output the same audio is the |
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850 <option>extrastereo</option> filter: |
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851 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af extrastereo=0</screen> |
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852 </para> |
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853 |
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854 <para> |
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855 This averages both channels, resulting in both channels being half as loud as |
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856 the original. The next sections have examples of other ways to do this without a |
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857 volume decrease, but they are more complex and require different options |
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858 depending on which channel to keep. If you really need to maintain the volume, |
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859 it may be easier to experiment with the <option>volume</option> filter and find |
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860 the right value. For example: |
21521 | 861 <screen> |
862 mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af extrastereo=0,volume=5 | |
863 </screen> | |
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864 </para> |
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865 </sect3> |
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866 |
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867 |
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868 <sect3 id="advaudio-channels-copying"> |
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869 <title>Channel copying/moving</title> |
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870 |
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871 <para> |
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872 The <option>channels</option> filter can move any or all channels. |
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873 Setting up all the suboptions for the <option>channels</option> |
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874 filter can be complicated and takes a little care. |
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875 |
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876 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
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877 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 878 Decide how many output channels you need. This is the first suboption. |
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879 </para></listitem> |
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880 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 881 Count how many channel moves you will do. This is the second suboption. Each |
882 channel can be moved to several different channels at the same time, but keep | |
883 in mind that when a channel is moved (even if to only one destination) the | |
884 source channel will be empty unless another channel is moved into it. To copy | |
885 a channel, keeping the source the same, simply move the channel into both the | |
886 destination and the source. For example: | |
887 <programlisting> | |
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888 channel 2 --> channel 3 |
21521 | 889 channel 2 --> channel 2<!-- |
890 --></programlisting> | |
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891 </para></listitem> |
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892 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 893 Write out the channel copies as pairs of suboptions. Note that the first |
894 channel is 0, the second is 1, etc. The order of these suboptions does not | |
895 matter as long as they are properly grouped into | |
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896 <replaceable>source:destination</replaceable> pairs. |
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897 </para></listitem> |
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898 </orderedlist> |
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899 </para> |
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900 |
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901 <bridgehead>Example: one channel in two speakers</bridgehead> |
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902 <para> |
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903 Here is an example of another way to play one channel in both speakers. Suppose |
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904 for this example that the left channel should be played and the right channel |
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905 discarded. Following the steps above: |
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906 <orderedlist> |
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907 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 908 In order to provide an output channel for each of the two speakers, the first |
909 suboption must be "2". | |
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910 </para></listitem> |
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911 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 912 The left channel needs to be moved to the right channel, and also must be |
913 moved to itself so it won't be empty. This is a total of two moves, making | |
914 the second suboption "2" as well. | |
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915 </para></listitem> |
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916 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 917 To move the left channel (channel 0) into the right channel (channel 1), the |
918 suboption pair is "0:1", "0:0" moves the left channel onto itself. | |
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919 </para></listitem> |
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920 </orderedlist> |
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921 Putting that all together gives: |
21521 | 922 <screen> |
923 mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af channels=2:2:0:1:0:0 | |
924 </screen> | |
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925 </para> |
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926 |
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927 <para> |
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928 The advantage this example has over <option>extrastereo</option> is that the |
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929 volume of each output channel is the same as the input channel. The disadvantage |
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930 is that the suboptions must be changed to "2:2:1:0:1:1" when the desired audio |
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931 is in the right channel. Also, it is more difficult to remember and type. |
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932 </para> |
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933 |
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934 <bridgehead>Example: left channel in two speakers shortcut</bridgehead> |
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935 <para> |
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936 There is actually a much easier way to use the <option>channels</option> filter |
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937 for playing the left channel in both speakers: |
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938 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af channels=1</screen> |
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939 The second channel is discarded and, with no further suboptions, the single |
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940 remaining channel is left alone. Sound card drivers automatically play |
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941 single-channel audio in both speakers. This only works when the desired channel |
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942 is on the left. |
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943 </para> |
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944 |
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945 <bridgehead>Example: duplicate front channels to the rear</bridgehead> |
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946 <para> |
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947 Another common operation is to duplicate the front channels and play them back |
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948 on the rear speakers of a quadraphonic setup. |
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949 <orderedlist> |
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950 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 951 There should be four output channels. The first suboption is "4". |
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952 </para></listitem> |
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953 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 954 Each of the two front channels needs to be moved to the corresponding rear |
955 channel and also to itself. This is four moves, so the second suboption is "4". | |
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956 </para></listitem> |
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957 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 958 The left front (channel 0) needs to moved to the left rear (channel 2): |
959 "0:2". The left front also needs to be moved to itself: "0:0". The right | |
960 front (channel 1) is moved to the right rear (channel 3): "1:3", and also to | |
961 itself: "1:1". | |
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962 </para></listitem> |
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963 </orderedlist> |
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964 Combine all the suboptions to get: |
21521 | 965 <screen> |
966 mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af channels=4:4:0:2:0:0:1:3:1:1 | |
967 </screen> | |
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968 </para> |
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969 </sect3> |
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970 |
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971 |
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972 <sect3 id="advaudio-channels-mixing"> |
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973 <title>Channel mixing</title> |
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974 |
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975 <para> |
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976 The <option>pan</option> filter can mix channels in user-specified proportions. |
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977 This allows for everything the <option>channels</option> filter can do and |
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978 more. Unfortunately, the suboptions are much more complicated. |
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979 <orderedlist> |
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980 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 981 Decide how many channels to work with. You may need to specify this with |
982 <option>-channels</option> and/or <option>-af channels</option>. | |
983 Later examples will show when to use which. | |
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984 </para></listitem> |
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985 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 986 Decide how many channels to feed into <option>pan</option> (further decoded |
987 channels are discarded). This is the first suboption, and it also controls how | |
988 many channels to employ for output. | |
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989 </para></listitem> |
21521 | 990 <listitem> |
991 <para> | |
992 The remaining suboptions specify how much of each channel gets mixed into each | |
993 other channel. This is the complicated part. To break the task down, split the | |
994 suboptions into several sets, one set for each output channel. Each suboption | |
995 within a set corresponds to an input channel. The number you specify will be | |
996 the percentage of the input channel that gets mixed into the output channel. | |
997 </para> | |
998 <para> | |
999 <option>pan</option> accepts values from 0 to 512, yielding 0% to 51200% of | |
1000 the original volume. Be careful when using values greater than 1. Not only | |
1001 can this give you very high volume, but if you exceed the sample range of | |
1002 your sound card you may hear painful pops and clicks. If you want you can | |
1003 follow <option>pan</option> with <option>,volume</option> to enable clipping, | |
1004 but it is best to keep the values of <option>pan</option> low enough that | |
1005 clipping is not necessary. | |
1006 </para> | |
1007 </listitem> | |
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1008 </orderedlist> |
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1009 </para> |
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1010 |
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1011 <bridgehead>Example: one channel in two speakers</bridgehead> |
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1012 <para> |
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1013 Here is yet another example for playing the left channel in two speakers. Follow |
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1014 the steps above: |
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1015 <orderedlist> |
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1016 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 1017 <option>pan</option> should output two channels, so the first |
1018 suboption is "2". | |
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1019 </para></listitem> |
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1020 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 1021 Since we have two input channels, there will be two sets of suboptions. |
1022 Since there are also two output channels, | |
1023 there will be two suboptions per set. | |
1024 The left channel from the file should go with full volume to | |
1025 the new left and the right channels. | |
1026 Thus the first set of suboptions is "1:1". | |
1027 The right channel should be discarded, so the second would be "0:0". | |
1028 Any 0 values at the end can be left out, but for ease of | |
1029 understanding we will keep them. | |
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1030 </para></listitem> |
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1031 </orderedlist> |
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1032 Putting those options together gives: |
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1033 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af pan=2:1:1:0:0</screen> |
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1034 If the right channel is desired instead of the left, the suboptions to |
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1035 <option>pan</option> will be "2:0:0:1:1". |
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1036 </para> |
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1037 |
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1038 |
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1039 <bridgehead>Example: left channel in two speakers shortcut</bridgehead> |
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1040 <para> |
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1041 As with <option>channels</option>, there is a shortcut that only works with the |
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1042 left channel: |
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1043 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af pan=1:1</screen> |
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1044 Since <option>pan</option> has only one channel of input (the other channel is |
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1045 discarded), there is only one set with one suboption, which specifies that the |
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1046 only channel gets 100% of itself. |
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1047 </para> |
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1048 |
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1049 <bridgehead>Example: downmixing 6-channel PCM</bridgehead> |
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1050 <para> |
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1051 <application>MPlayer</application>'s decoder for 6-channel PCM is not capable of |
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1052 downmixing. Here is a way to downmix PCM using <option>pan</option>: |
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1053 <orderedlist> |
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1054 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 1055 The number of output channels is 2, so the first suboption is "2". |
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1056 </para></listitem> |
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1057 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 1058 With six input channels there will be six sets of options. Fortunately, |
1059 since we only care about the output of the first two channels, we only need to | |
1060 make two sets; the remaining four sets can be omitted. Beware that not all | |
1061 multichannel audio files have the same channel order! This example | |
1062 demonstrates downmixing a file with the same channels as AC3 5.1: | |
1063 <programlisting> | |
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1064 0 - front left |
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1065 1 - front right |
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1066 2 - rear left |
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1067 3 - rear right |
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1068 4 - center front |
21521 | 1069 5 - subwoofer<!-- |
1070 --></programlisting> | |
1071 The first set of suboptions lists the percentages of the original volume, in | |
1072 order, which each output channel should receive from the | |
1073 front left channel: "1:0". | |
1074 The front right channel should go into the right output: "0:1". | |
1075 The same for the rear channels: "1:0" and "0:1". | |
1076 The center channel goes into both output channels with half volume: | |
1077 "0.5:0.5", and the subwoofer goes into both with full volume: "1:1". | |
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1078 </para></listitem> |
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1079 </orderedlist> |
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1080 Put all that together, for: |
21521 | 1081 <screen> |
1082 mplayer <replaceable>6-channel.wav</replaceable> -af pan=2:1:0:0:1:1:0:0:1:0.5:0.5:1:1 | |
1083 </screen> | |
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1084 The percentages listed above are only a rough example. Feel free to tweak them. |
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1085 </para> |
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1086 |
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1087 <bridgehead>Example: Playing 5.1 audio on big speakers without a subwoofer</bridgehead> |
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1088 <para> |
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1089 If you have a huge pair of front speakers you may not want to waste any money on |
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1090 buying a subwoofer for a complete 5.1 sound system. If you use |
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1091 <option>-channels 5</option> to request that liba52 decode 5.1 audio in 5.0, |
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1092 the subwoofer channel is simply discarded. If you want to distribute the |
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1093 subwoofer channel yourself you need to downmix manually with |
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1094 <option>pan</option>: |
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1095 <orderedlist> |
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1096 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 1097 Since <option>pan</option> needs to examine all six channels, specify |
1098 <option>-channels 6</option> so liba52 decodes them all. | |
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1099 </para></listitem> |
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1100 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 1101 <option>pan</option> outputs to only five channels, the first suboption is 5. |
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1102 </para></listitem> |
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1103 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 1104 Six input channels and five output channels means six sets of five suboptions. |
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1105 <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> |
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1106 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 1107 The left front channel only replicates onto itself: |
1108 "1:0:0:0:0" | |
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1109 </para></listitem> |
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1110 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 1111 Same for the right front channel: |
1112 "0:1:0:0:0" | |
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1113 </para></listitem> |
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1114 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 1115 Same for the left rear channel: |
1116 "0:0:1:0:0" | |
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1117 </para></listitem> |
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1118 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 1119 And also the same for the right rear channel: |
1120 "0:0:0:1:0" | |
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1121 </para></listitem> |
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1122 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 1123 Center front, too: |
1124 "0:0:0:0:1" | |
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1125 </para></listitem> |
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1126 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 1127 And now we have to decide what to do with the subwoofer, |
1128 e.g. half into front right and front left: | |
1129 "0.5:0.5:0:0:0" | |
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1130 </para></listitem> |
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1131 </itemizedlist> |
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1132 </para></listitem> |
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1133 </orderedlist> |
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1134 Combine all those options to get: |
21521 | 1135 <screen> |
1136 mplayer <replaceable>dvd://1</replaceable> -channels 6 -af pan=5:1:0:0:0:0:0:1:0:0:0:0:0:1:0:0:0:0:0:1:0:0:0:0:0:1:0.5:0.5:0:0:0 | |
1137 </screen> | |
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1138 </para> |
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1139 </sect3> |
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1140 </sect2> |
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1141 |
21521 | 1142 <!-- ********** --> |
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1143 |
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1144 <sect2 id="advaudio-volume"> |
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1145 <title>Software Volume adjustment</title> |
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1146 |
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1147 <para> |
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1148 Some audio tracks are too quiet to be heard comfortably without amplification. |
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1149 This becomes a problem when your audio equipment cannot amplify the signal for |
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1150 you. The <option>-softvol</option> option directs |
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1151 <application>MPlayer</application> to use an internal mixer. You can then use |
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1152 the volume adjustment keys (by default <keycap>9</keycap> and |
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1153 <keycap>0</keycap>) to reach much higher volume levels. Note that this does not |
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1154 bypass your sound card's mixer; <application>MPlayer</application> only |
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1155 amplifies the signal before sending it to your sound card. |
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1156 The following example is a good start: |
21521 | 1157 <screen> |
1158 mplayer <replaceable>quiet-file</replaceable> -softvol -softvol-max 300 | |
1159 </screen> | |
16406 | 1160 The <option>-softvol-max</option> option specifies the maximum allowable output |
1161 volume as a percentage of the | |
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1162 original volume. For example, <option>-softvol-max 200</option> would allow the |
16406 | 1163 volume to be adjusted up to twice its original level. |
1164 It is safe to specify a large value with | |
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1165 <option>-softvol-max</option>; the higher volume will not be used until you |
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1166 use the volume adjustment keys. The only disadvantage of a large value is that, |
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1167 since <application>MPlayer</application> adjusts volume by a percentage of the |
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1168 maximum, you will not have as precise control when using the volume adjustment |
16406 | 1169 keys. Use a lower value with <option>-softvol-max</option> and/or specify |
1170 <option>-volstep 1</option> if you need higher precision. | |
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1171 </para> |
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1172 |
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1173 <para> |
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1174 The <option>-softvol</option> option works by controlling the |
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1175 <option>volume</option> audio filter. If you want to play a file at a certain |
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1176 volume from the beginning you can specify <option>volume</option> manually: |
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1177 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>quiet-file</replaceable> -af volume=10</screen> |
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1178 This will play the file with a ten decibel gain. Be careful when using the |
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1179 <option>volume</option> filter - you could easily hurt your ears if you use |
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1180 too high a value. Start low and work your way up gradually until you get a feel |
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1181 for how much adjustment is required. Also, if you specify excessively high |
21521 | 1182 values, <option>volume</option> may need to clip the signal to avoid sending |
1183 your sound card data that is outside the allowable range; this will result in | |
16487 | 1184 distorted audio. |
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1185 </para> |
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1186 </sect2> |
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1187 </sect1> |
9675 | 1188 </chapter> |