Mercurial > mplayer.hg
annotate DOCS/xml/pl/usage.xml @ 20434:399f872bc910
sync r20449
author | torinthiel |
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date | Wed, 25 Oct 2006 21:06:11 +0000 |
parents | a5ae4d97de7f |
children | 655565aafbe4 |
rev | line source |
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11176 | 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-2"?> |
20434 | 2 <!-- synced with r20449 --> |
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3 <!-- Opiekun: emdej --> |
11176 | 4 <chapter id="usage"> |
5 <title>Sposób użycia</title> | |
6 | |
7 <sect1 id="commandline"> | |
15087 | 8 <title>Wiersz poleceń</title> |
11176 | 9 |
10 <para> | |
11543 | 11 <application>MPlayer</application> używa skomplikowanego drzewa odtwarzania. |
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12 Składa się ono z opcji globalnych podanych na początku, na przykład: |
11176 | 13 |
14 <screen>mplayer -vfm 5</screen> | |
15 | |
16 i opcji podanych po nazwach plików, które stosują się jedynie do podanego | |
17 pliku/URLa/czegokolwiek, na przykład: | |
18 | |
11739 | 19 <screen>mplayer -vfm 5 <replaceable>film1.avi</replaceable> <replaceable>film2.avi</replaceable> -vfm 4</screen> |
11176 | 20 </para> |
21 | |
22 <para> | |
23 Możesz pogrupować nazwy plików/URLe za pomocą <literal>{</literal> oraz | |
24 <literal>}</literal>. Przydaje się to przy opcji <option>-loop</option>: | |
25 | |
26 <screen>mplayer { 1.avi -loop 2 2.avi } -loop 3</screen> | |
27 | |
28 Powyższe polecenie odtworzy pliki w kolejności: 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2. | |
29 </para> | |
30 | |
31 <para> | |
32 Odtwarzanie pliku: | |
33 <synopsis> | |
34 <command>mplayer</command><!-- | |
35 --> [<replaceable>opcje</replaceable>]<!-- | |
36 --> [<replaceable>ścieżka</replaceable>/]<replaceable>nazwa_pliku</replaceable> | |
37 </synopsis> | |
38 </para> | |
39 | |
40 <para> | |
16055 | 41 Kolejny sposób na odtworzenie pliku: |
42 <synopsis> | |
43 <command>mplayer</command><!-- | |
44 --> [<replaceable>opcje</replaceable>]<!-- | |
45 --> <replaceable>file:///zakodowana-ścieżka-uri</replaceable> | |
46 </synopsis> | |
47 </para> | |
48 | |
49 <para> | |
11176 | 50 Odtwarzanie większej ilości plików: |
51 <synopsis> | |
52 <command>mplayer</command><!-- | |
53 --> [<replaceable>opcje domyślne</replaceable>]<!-- | |
20434 | 54 --> [<replaceable>ścieżka</replaceable>/]<replaceable>plik1</replaceable><!-- |
55 --> [<replaceable>opcje dla pliku1</replaceable>]<!-- | |
56 --> <replaceable>plik2</replaceable><!-- | |
57 --> [<replaceable>opcje dla pliku2</replaceable>] ... | |
11176 | 58 </synopsis> |
59 </para> | |
60 | |
61 <para> | |
62 Odtwarzanie VCD: | |
63 <synopsis> | |
64 <command>mplayer</command> [<replaceable>opcje</replaceable>]<!-- | |
65 --> vcd://<replaceable>numer_ścieżki</replaceable><!-- | |
66 --> [-cdrom-device <replaceable>/dev/cdrom</replaceable>] | |
67 </synopsis> | |
68 </para> | |
69 | |
70 <para> | |
71 Odtwarzanie DVD: | |
72 <synopsis> | |
11718 | 73 <command>mplayer</command> [<replaceable>opcje</replaceable>]<!-- |
11176 | 74 --> dvd://<replaceable>numer_tytułu</replaceable><!-- |
75 --> [-dvd-device <replaceable>/dev/dvd</replaceable>] | |
76 </synopsis> | |
77 </para> | |
78 | |
79 <para> | |
80 Odtwarzanie z WWW: | |
81 <synopsis> | |
82 <command>mplayer</command> [<replaceable>opcje</replaceable>]<!-- | |
83 --> http://<replaceable>strona.com/plik.asf</replaceable> | |
84 </synopsis> | |
85 (można użyć również playlist) | |
86 </para> | |
87 | |
88 <para> | |
89 Odtwarzanie z RTSP: | |
90 <synopsis> | |
91 <command>mplayer</command> [<replaceable>opcje</replaceable>]<!-- | |
92 --> rtsp://<replaceable>serwer.przyklad.com/nazwa_strumienia</replaceable> | |
93 </synopsis> | |
94 </para> | |
95 | |
96 <para> | |
97 Przykłady: | |
98 <screen> | |
11718 | 99 mplayer -vo x11 <replaceable>/mnt/Films/Contact/contact2.mpg</replaceable> |
12950 | 100 mplayer vcd://<replaceable>2</replaceable> -cdrom-device <replaceable>/dev/hdc</replaceable> |
11718 | 101 mplayer -afm 3 <replaceable>/mnt/DVDtrailers/alien4.vob</replaceable> |
102 mplayer dvd://<replaceable>1</replaceable> -dvd-device <replaceable>/dev/hdc</replaceable> | |
103 mplayer -abs 65536 -delay -0.4 -nobps <replaceable>~/movies/test.avi</replaceable><!-- | |
11176 | 104 --></screen> |
105 </para> | |
106 </sect1> | |
107 | |
20434 | 108 |
109 | |
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110 <sect1 id="subosd"> |
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111 <title>Napisy i OSD</title> |
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112 |
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113 <para> |
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114 <application>MPlayer</application> może wyświetlać napisy podczas odtwarzania |
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115 filmu. Obecnie obsługiwane są następujące formaty: |
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116 <itemizedlist> |
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117 <listitem><para>VOBsub</para></listitem> |
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118 <listitem><para>OGM</para></listitem> |
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119 <listitem><para>CC (closed caption)</para></listitem> |
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120 <listitem><para>MicroDVD</para></listitem> |
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121 <listitem><para>SubRip</para></listitem> |
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122 <listitem><para>SubViewer</para></listitem> |
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123 <listitem><para>Sami</para></listitem> |
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124 <listitem><para>VPlayer</para></listitem> |
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125 <listitem><para>RT</para></listitem> |
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126 <listitem><para>SSA</para></listitem> |
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127 <listitem><para>PJS (Phoenix Japanimation Society)</para></listitem> |
20434 | 128 <listitem><para>MPsub</para></listitem> |
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129 <listitem><para>AQTitle</para></listitem> |
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130 <listitem><para><ulink url="http://unicorn.us.com/jacosub/">JACOsub</ulink></para></listitem> |
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131 </itemizedlist> |
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132 </para> |
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133 |
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134 <para> |
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135 <application>MPlayer</application> może zrzucić wyżej wymienione formaty napisów |
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136 (<emphasis role="bold">poza pierwszymi trzema</emphasis>) do następujących formatów, |
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137 jeśli podasz odpowiednią opcję: |
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138 <itemizedlist> |
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139 <listitem><para>MPsub: <option>-dumpmpsub</option></para></listitem> |
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140 <listitem><para>SubRip: <option>-dumpsrtsub</option></para></listitem> |
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141 <listitem><para>MicroDVD: <option>-dumpmicrodvdsub</option></para></listitem> |
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142 <listitem><para>JACOsub: <option>-dumpjacosub</option></para></listitem> |
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143 <listitem><para>Sami: <option>-dumpsami</option></para></listitem> |
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144 </itemizedlist> |
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145 </para> |
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146 |
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147 <para> |
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148 <application>MEncoder</application> może zrzucić napisy DVD do formatu |
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149 <link linkend="menc-feat-extractsub">VOBsub</link>. |
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150 </para> |
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151 |
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152 <para> |
20434 | 153 Opcje wiersza poleceń różnią się nieco dla poszczególnych formatów: |
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154 </para> |
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155 |
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156 <formalpara> |
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157 <title>Format VOBsub</title> |
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158 <para> |
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159 Napisy VOBsub składają się z dużego (kilkumegabajtowego) pliku <filename>.SUB</filename> |
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160 i opcjonalnych plików <filename>.IDX</filename> i/lub <filename>.IFO</filename>. |
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161 Jeżeli masz takie pliki, jak |
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162 <filename><replaceable>przykład.sub</replaceable></filename>, |
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163 <filename><replaceable>przykład.ifo</replaceable></filename> (opcjonalne), |
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164 <filename><replaceable>przykład.idx</replaceable></filename> - |
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165 musisz przekazać <application>MPlayerowi</application> opcje |
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166 <option>-vobsub przykład [-vobsubid <replaceable>id</replaceable>]</option> |
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167 (pełna ścieżka jest opcjonalna). Parametr <option>-vobsubid</option> jest, jak |
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168 <option>-sid</option> dla DVD - przy jego pomocy możesz wybierać pomiędzy ścieżkami napisów |
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169 (różne języki). Jeżeli opcja <option>-vobsubid</option> jest pominięta, |
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170 <application>MPlayer</application> spróbuje użyć języka podanego przez parametr |
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171 <option>-slang</option> i powróci do <systemitem>langidx</systemitem> |
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172 zawartego w pliku<filename>.IDX</filename>, żeby ustawić język napisów. Jeżeli to |
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173 zakończy się niepowodzeniem, napisy nie będą wyświetlane. |
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174 </para> |
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175 </formalpara> |
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176 |
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177 <formalpara> |
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178 <title>Inne formaty napisów</title> |
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179 <para> |
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180 Inne formaty składają się z pojedynczego pliku tekstowego zawierającego przedział |
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181 czasowy, rozmieszczenie i sam tekst. Sposób użycia: Jeżeli masz taki plik, jak |
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182 <filename><replaceable>przykład.txt</replaceable></filename>, |
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183 musisz przekazać opcję <option>-sub |
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184 <replaceable>przykład.txt</replaceable></option> (pełna ścieżka jest opcjonalna). |
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185 </para> |
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186 </formalpara> |
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187 |
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188 <variablelist> |
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189 <title>Dopasowywanie czasu wyświetlania i położenia napisów:</title> |
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190 <varlistentry> |
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191 <term><option>-subdelay <replaceable>sek</replaceable></option></term> |
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192 <listitem><simpara> |
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193 Opóźnia wyświetlanie napisów o <option><replaceable>sek</replaceable></option> sekund. |
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194 Może być liczbą ujemną. Wartość jest dodawana do licznika czasu filmu. |
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195 </simpara></listitem> |
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196 </varlistentry> |
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197 <varlistentry> |
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198 <term><option>-subfps <replaceable>ILOŚĆ</replaceable></option></term> |
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199 <listitem><simpara> |
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200 Określa ilość klatek na sekundę pliku z napisami (liczba rzeczywista). |
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201 </simpara></listitem> |
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202 </varlistentry> |
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203 <varlistentry> |
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204 <term><option>-subpos <replaceable>0-100</replaceable></option></term> |
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205 <listitem><simpara> |
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206 Określa położenie napisów. |
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207 </simpara></listitem> |
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208 </varlistentry> |
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209 </variablelist> |
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210 |
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211 <para> |
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212 Jeżeli podczas używania napisów w formacie MicroDVD zauważysz rosnące opóźnienie |
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213 między nimi a filmem, to prawdopodobnie ilość klatek na sekundę filmu różni się |
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214 od wartości, do której zostały przystosowane napisy. |
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215 Zauważ, że format ten korzysta z bezwzględnych numerów klatek do wyświetlania |
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216 napisów w odpowiednim momencie, ale nie zawiera w sobie informacji o wartości fps, |
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217 dlatego powinieneś skorzystać z opcji <option>-subfps</option>. |
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218 Jeżeli chciałbyś trwale rozwiązać ten problem, musisz ręcznie zmienić |
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219 wartość framerate pliku z napisami. |
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220 <application>MPlayer</application> może zrobić to za ciebie: |
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221 |
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222 <screen>mplayer -dumpmicrodvdsub -fps <replaceable>fps_napisów</replaceable> -subfps <replaceable>fps_filmu</replaceable> -sub <replaceable>zbiór_z_napisami</replaceable> <replaceable>atrapa.avi</replaceable></screen> |
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223 </para> |
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224 |
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225 <para> |
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226 O napisach DVD przeczytasz w rozdziale <link linkend="dvd">DVD</link>. |
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227 </para> |
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228 |
20434 | 229 </sect1> |
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230 |
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231 |
11176 | 232 |
233 <sect1 id="control"> | |
234 <title>Sterowanie</title> | |
235 | |
236 <para> | |
237 <application>MPlayer</application> posiada w pełni konfigurowalną, opartą na | |
11543 | 238 komendach warstwę sterowania, która pozwala na sterowanie |
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239 <application>MPlayerem</application> za pomocą klawiatury, myszki, joysticka lub |
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240 zdalnego sterowania (za pomocą LIRC). Zajrzyj na stronę man w celu przejrzenia |
11176 | 241 pełnej listy skrótów klawiszowych. |
242 </para> | |
243 | |
244 | |
245 <sect2 id="ctrl-cfg"> | |
246 <title>Konfiguracja sterowania</title> | |
247 | |
248 <para> | |
249 <application>MPlayer</application> pozwala Ci przypisać dowolny klawisz/przycisk | |
15087 | 250 do dowolnego polecenia za pomocą prostego pliku konfiguracyjnego. Składnia tego |
11176 | 251 pliku to nazwa klawisza, po której znajduje się komenda. Domyślny plik |
252 konfiguracyjny znajduje się w <filename>$HOME/.mplayer/input.conf</filename>, ale | |
11543 | 253 można podać także inny za pomocą opcji |
254 <option>-input <replaceable>plik</replaceable></option> | |
11176 | 255 (ścieżki względne są względem <filename>$HOME/.mplayer</filename>). |
256 </para> | |
257 | |
13904 | 258 <para> |
20434 | 259 Możesz uzyskać pełną listę obsługiwanych klawiszy uruchamiając |
260 <command>mplayer -input keylist</command> | |
13904 | 261 i pełną listę dostępnych komend za pomocą |
262 <command>mplayer -input cmdlist</command>. | |
263 </para> | |
264 | |
11176 | 265 <example> |
266 <title>Przykładowy plik konfiguracji sterowania</title> | |
267 <programlisting> | |
268 ## | |
269 ## Plik konfiguracji sterowania MPlayera | |
270 ## | |
271 | |
272 RIGHT seek +10 | |
273 LEFT seek -10 | |
274 - audio_delay 0.100 | |
275 + audio_delay -0.100 | |
276 q quit | |
277 > pt_step 1 | |
278 < pt_step -1 | |
279 ENTER pt_step 1 1<!-- | |
280 --></programlisting> | |
281 </example> | |
282 </sect2> | |
283 | |
284 | |
285 <sect2 id="lirc"> | |
286 <title>Sterowanie poprzez LIRC</title> | |
287 | |
288 <para> | |
289 Linux Infrared Remote Control - użyj łatwego do własnoręcznego zbudowania | |
290 odbiornika podczerwieni i (prawie) dowolnego pilota zdalnego sterowania i | |
291 steruj nim swoim Linuksem! | |
13904 | 292 Więcej informacji na <ulink url="http://www.lirc.org">stronie domowej LIRC</ulink>. |
11176 | 293 </para> |
294 | |
295 <para> | |
20434 | 296 Jeśli zainstalowałeś pakiet LIRC, <filename>configure</filename> automatycznie go |
13904 | 297 wykryje. Jeśli wszystko pójdzie dobrze, <application>MPlayer</application> |
20434 | 298 wypisze przy starcie "<systemitem>Setting up LIRC support...</systemitem>". |
299 Jeśli wystąpi błąd, powiadomi Cię o tym. Jeśli nic nie powie Ci na | |
13904 | 300 temat LIRC, to znaczy, że jego obsługa nie została wkompilowana. Proste :-) |
11176 | 301 </para> |
302 | |
303 <para> | |
13904 | 304 Nazwa aplikacji dla <application>MPlayer</application> to - niespodzianka - |
305 <filename>mplayer</filename>. Możesz używać dowolnych komend | |
306 <application>MPlayera</application>, a nawet podać więcej niż jedną | |
307 komendę na raz oddzielając je za pomocą <literal>\n</literal>. | |
308 | |
11176 | 309 Nie zapomnij o włączeniu flagi repeat w <filename>.lircrc</filename> jeśli |
13904 | 310 ma to sens (skoki, głośność itp). To jest fragment przykładowego |
11176 | 311 <filename>.lircrc</filename>: |
312 </para> | |
313 | |
314 <programlisting> | |
315 begin | |
316 button = VOLUME_PLUS | |
317 prog = mplayer | |
318 config = volume 1 | |
319 repeat = 1 | |
320 end | |
321 | |
322 begin | |
323 button = VOLUME_MINUS | |
324 prog = mplayer | |
325 config = volume -1 | |
326 repeat = 1 | |
327 end | |
328 | |
329 begin | |
330 button = CD_PLAY | |
331 prog = mplayer | |
332 config = pause | |
333 end | |
334 | |
335 begin | |
336 button = CD_STOP | |
337 prog = mplayer | |
338 config = seek 0 1\npause | |
339 end<!-- | |
340 --></programlisting> | |
341 | |
342 <para> | |
343 Jeśli nie lubisz standardowej lokalizacji pliku lirc-config | |
344 (<filename>~/.lircrc</filename>), użyj opcji <option>-lircconf | |
345 <replaceable>nazwa_pliku</replaceable></option> by podać inny plik. | |
346 </para> | |
347 </sect2> | |
348 | |
349 | |
350 <sect2 id="slave-mode"> | |
351 <title>Tryb sługi</title> | |
352 <para> | |
353 Tryb sługi pozwala Ci na utworzenie prostej nakładki na | |
13904 | 354 <application>MPlayera</application>. Po uruchomieniu z opcją |
355 <option>-slave</option> <application>MPlayer</application> będzie czytał | |
20434 | 356 ze standardowego wejścia komendy oddzielone znakami nowego wiersza (\n). |
13904 | 357 Komendy zostały udokumentowane w pliku |
358 <ulink url="../../tech/slave.txt">slave.txt</ulink> | |
11176 | 359 </para> |
360 </sect2> | |
361 </sect1> | |
362 | |
363 | |
20434 | 364 |
11176 | 365 <sect1 id="streaming"> |
366 <title>Strumieniowanie z sieci i potoków</title> | |
367 | |
368 <para> | |
369 <application>MPlayer</application> potrafi odtwarzać pliki z sieci, używając | |
370 protokołów HTTP, FTP, MMS lub RTSP/RTP. | |
371 </para> | |
372 | |
373 <para> | |
13904 | 374 Odtwarzanie następuje przez proste podanie URLa w wierszu poleceń. |
375 <application>MPlayer</application> zwraca również uwagę na zmienną środowiskową | |
11176 | 376 <envar>http_proxy</envar> i używa proxy jeśli jest to możliwe. Korzystanie |
377 z proxy może być również wymuszone za pomocą: | |
20434 | 378 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>http_proxy://proxy.micorsops.com:3128/http://micorsops.com:80/strumien.asf</replaceable></screen> |
11176 | 379 </para> |
380 | |
381 <para> | |
382 <application>MPlayer</application> potrafi również czytać ze standardowego wejścia | |
383 (<emphasis>nie</emphasis> z nazwanych potoków). Może to być wykorzystane np. do | |
384 odtwarzania poprzez FTP: | |
11718 | 385 <screen>wget <replaceable>ftp://micorsops.com/cokolwiek.avi</replaceable> -O - | mplayer -</screen> |
11176 | 386 </para> |
387 | |
388 <note><para> | |
13904 | 389 Zalecane jest również włączenie <option>-cache</option> przy odtwarzaniu |
11543 | 390 z sieci: |
11718 | 391 <screen>wget <replaceable>ftp://micorsops.com/cokolwiek.avi</replaceable> -O - | mplayer -cache 8192 -</screen> |
11176 | 392 </para></note> |
16055 | 393 |
394 <sect2 id="streaming-save"> | |
395 <title>Zapisywanie strumieniowanej zawartości</title> | |
396 <para> | |
397 Jak już uda Ci się zmusić <application>MPlayera</application> do odtwarzania | |
398 Twojego ulubionego strumienia internetowego, możesz użyć opcji | |
399 <option>-dumpstream</option> aby zapisać strumień do pliku. | |
400 Na przykład: | |
401 <screen> | |
402 mplayer <replaceable>http://217.71.208.37:8006</replaceable> -dumpstream -dumpfile <replaceable>strumien.asf</replaceable> | |
403 </screen> | |
404 zapisze zawartość strumieniowaną z | |
405 <replaceable>http://217.71.208.37:8006</replaceable> do pliku | |
406 <replaceable>stream.asf</replaceable>. | |
407 Działa to ze wszystkimi protokołami obsługiwanymi przez | |
408 <application>MPlayera</application>, jak MMS, RSTP itd. | |
409 </para> | |
410 </sect2> | |
11176 | 411 </sect1> |
412 | |
20434 | 413 |
414 | |
11176 | 415 <sect1 id="mpst" xreflabel="Remote streams"> |
416 <title>Strumienie zdalne</title> | |
417 | |
418 <para> | |
419 Strumienie zdalne pozwalają na dostęp do większości strumieni obsługiwanych | |
420 przez <application>MPlayera</application> ze zdalnego hosta. Głównym celem tej | |
421 funkcji jest umożliwienie bezpośredniego korzystania z napędu CD lub DVD innego | |
11543 | 422 komputera w sieci (pod warunkiem posiadania odpowiedniej przepustowości). |
423 Niestety niektóre typy strumieni (aktualnie TV oraz MF) nie są dostępne zdalnie, | |
424 gdyż są zaimplementowane na poziomie demultipleksera. Jest to przykre w | |
425 przypadku MF, gdyż TV i tak by wymagało szalonej przepustowości. | |
11176 | 426 </para> |
427 | |
428 <sect2 id="compile_mpst_server"> | |
429 <title>Kompilacja serwera</title> | |
430 <para> | |
431 Po kompilacji <application>MPlayera</application> wejdź do katalogu | |
432 <filename>TOOLS/netstream</filename> i wpisz <application>make</application> | |
433 by zbudować program serwera. Możesz wtedy skopiować program | |
434 <application>nestream</application> do odpowiedniego miejsca w Twoim | |
435 systemie (przeważnie <filename class="directory">/usr/local/bin</filename> | |
436 pod Linuksem). | |
437 </para> | |
438 </sect2> | |
439 | |
440 <sect2 id="use_mpst"> | |
441 <title>Używanie strumieni zdalnych</title> | |
442 <para> | |
443 Najpierw musisz uruchomić serwer na komputerze, do którego masz zamiar mieć | |
13904 | 444 dostęp zdalny. Aktualnie serwer jest bardzo podstawowy i nie ma żadnych |
445 argumentów wiersza poleceń, więc po prostu wpisz <filename>netstream</filename>. | |
11176 | 446 Teraz możesz np. odtworzyć drugą ścieżkę VCD na serwerze za pomocą: |
447 <screen> | |
11718 | 448 mplayer -cache 5000 <replaceable>mpst://nazwa_serwera/vcd://2</replaceable> |
11176 | 449 </screen> |
450 Masz również dostęp do plików na tym serwerze: | |
451 <screen> | |
11718 | 452 mplayer -cache 5000 <replaceable>mpst://nazwa_serwera//usr/local/movies/lol.avi</replaceable> |
11176 | 453 </screen> |
454 Zauważ, że ścieżki, które nie zaczynają się na "/" będą względne do katalogu, | |
455 w którym uruchomiono serwer. Opcja <option>-cache</option> nie jest wymagana, | |
456 lecz bardzo zalecana. | |
457 </para> | |
458 | |
459 <para> | |
15087 | 460 Miej na uwadze to, że aktualnie serwer nie ma żadnych zabezpieczeń. Nie narzekaj |
13904 | 461 więc na liczne nadużycia, które są przez to możliwe. Zamiast tego wyślij jakąś |
11176 | 462 (dobrą) łatkę, by stał się lepszy lub napisz swój własny serwer. |
463 </para> | |
464 | |
465 </sect2> | |
466 | |
467 </sect1> | |
11787 | 468 |
20434 | 469 |
470 | |
11787 | 471 <sect1 id="edl" xreflabel="Edit Decision Lists (EDL)"> |
472 <title>Decyzyjne Listy Edycji (Edit Decision Lists - EDL)</title> | |
473 | |
474 <para> | |
475 Decyzyjna lista edycji (EDL) pozwala na automatyczne omijanie, bądź wyciszanie | |
476 fragmentów filmów podczas ich odtwarzania, na podstawie pliku konfiguracji EDL | |
477 dla danego filmu. | |
478 </para> | |
479 | |
480 <para> | |
481 Funkcja ta jest użyteczna dla osób, które zechcą obejrzeć film w "przyjaznym | |
482 dla rodziny" trybie. Możesz usunąć z filmu przemoc, przekleństwa, Jar-Jar | |
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483 Binksa, zgodnie z własnymi preferencjami. Ponadto istnieją także inne |
11787 | 484 zastosowania, jak automatyczne pomijanie reklam w oglądanych filmach. |
485 </para> | |
486 | |
487 <para> | |
20434 | 488 Format pliku EDL jest raczej "goły". Używana jest struktura z pojedynczym |
489 poleceniem w wierszu, w którym określone jest co należy zrobić (skip/mute), | |
490 oraz kiedy (używając opóźnienia w sekundach). | |
11787 | 491 </para> |
492 | |
493 <sect2 id="edl_using"> | |
494 <title>Używanie pliku EDL</title> | |
495 <para> | |
496 Użyj podczas uruchamiania <application>MPlayera</application> flagi | |
497 <option>-edl <nazwa pliku></option> z nazwą pliku EDL, który ma być | |
498 zastosowany do filmu. | |
499 </para> | |
500 </sect2> | |
501 | |
502 <sect2 id="edl_making"> | |
503 <title>Tworzenie pliku EDL</title> | |
504 <para> | |
505 Aktualny format pliku EDL jest następujący: | |
506 <programlisting> | |
507 [sekunda początkowa] [sekunda końcowa] [akcja] | |
508 </programlisting> | |
509 gdzie liczby odpowiadające sekundom nie muszą być całkowite, zaś akcja może | |
510 przyjmować wartość <literal>0</literal> dla pominięcia bądź | |
511 <literal>1</literal> dla wyciszenia. | |
512 Na przykład: | |
513 <programlisting> | |
514 5.3 7.1 0 | |
515 15 16.7 1 | |
516 420 422 0 | |
517 </programlisting> | |
518 Oznacza to pominięcie filmu między 5,3 sekundą, a 7,1 sekundą filmu, następnie | |
519 wyciszenie od 15-tej sekundy do 16,7 sekundy i wreszcie pominięcie filmu | |
520 pomiędzy 420 a 422 sekundą Akcje te są wykonywane, gdy licznik czasu filmu | |
521 osiągnie zadeklarowaną wartość. | |
522 </para> | |
523 | |
524 <para> | |
525 Aby stworzyć plik EDL, będący punktem wyjścia do dalszej edycji, użyj flagi | |
526 <option>-edlout <nazwa pliku></option>. | |
20434 | 527 Następnie, podczas odtwarzania filmu, naciśnij <keycap>i</keycap>, aby oznaczyć |
528 początek i koniec bloku do pominięcia. | |
529 Odpowiedni wpis zostanie automatycznie utworzony w pliku. | |
530 Wtedy możesz wrócić do edycji i "dostrajania" wygenerowanego pliku EDL, | |
531 w którym możesz także zmienić domyślne pomijanie bloku na wyciszanie. | |
11787 | 532 </para> |
533 </sect2> | |
534 | |
535 </sect1> | |
536 | |
20434 | 537 |
538 | |
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539 <sect1 id="advaudio" xreflabel="Advanced Audio"> |
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540 <title>Zaawansowane audio</title> |
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541 |
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542 <sect2 id="advaudio-surround"> |
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543 <title>Dźwięk przestrzenny/wielokanałowy</title> |
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544 |
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545 <sect3 id="advaudio-surround-DVD"> |
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546 <title>DVDs</title> |
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547 <para> |
20434 | 548 Większość płyt DVD, a także wiele innych plików, zawiera dźwięk przestrzenny. |
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549 <application>MPlayer</application> obsługuje dźwięk przestrzenny, ale opcja ta |
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550 nie jest domyślnie włączona, ponieważ sprzęt przeznaczony dla zwykłego stereo |
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551 jest znacznie bedziej popularny. Aby odtworzyć plik zawierający więcej niż dwa |
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552 kanały audio, użyj opcji <option>-channels</option>. |
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553 Na przykład, aby odtworzyć DVD z audio 5.1: |
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554 |
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555 <screen>mplayer dvd://1 -channels 6</screen> |
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556 |
20434 | 557 Zauważmy, że mimo nazwy "5.1", używanych jest 6 kanałów. |
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558 Jeżeli posiadasz sprzęt pozwalający na odtwarzanie dźwięku przestrzennego możesz |
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559 bezpiecznie wpisać <option>channels</option> do swojego pliku konfiguracyjnego |
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560 <application>MPlayera</application> (<filename>~/.mplayer/config</filename>). |
20434 | 561 Przykładowo, aby domyślnie włączyć efekt kwadrofonii, należy dodać wiersz: |
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562 |
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563 <programlisting>channels=4</programlisting> |
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564 |
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565 Od tego momentu, <application>MPlayer</application> będzie odtwarzał cztery |
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566 kanały audio, zawsze gdy będą one dostępne. |
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567 </para> |
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568 </sect3> |
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569 |
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570 |
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571 <sect3 id="advaudio-surround-stereoinfour"> |
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572 <title>Odtwarzanie plików stereo przy użyciu czterech głośników</title> |
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573 |
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574 <para> |
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575 <application>MPlayer</application> standardowo nie duplikuje kanałów, ani nie |
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576 robi tego większość sterowników audio. Jeżeli chcesz zrobić to ręcznie: |
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577 |
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578 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af channels=2:2:0:1:0:0</screen> |
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579 |
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580 Zobacz sekcję o |
20434 | 581 <link linkend="advaudio-channels-copying">kopiowaniu kanałów</link>, |
582 jest tam wyjaśnienie tego polecenia. | |
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583 </para> |
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584 |
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585 </sect3> |
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586 |
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587 |
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588 <sect3 id="advaudio-surround-passthrough"> |
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589 <title>Przekazywanie AC3/DTS</title> |
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590 |
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591 <para> |
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592 Dźwięk przestrzenny na płytach DVD zazwyczaj kodowany jest w formacie AC3 |
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593 (Dolby Digital) lub DTS (Digital Theater System). Część współczesnego sprzętu |
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594 audio jest w stanie dekodować te formaty. |
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595 <application>MPlayer</application> może zostać skonfigurowany, aby przekazywał |
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596 dane audio bez ich dekodowania. Rozwiązanie takie będzie działało tylko, jeżeli |
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597 posiadasz w swojej karcie muzycznej złącze S/PDIF (Sony/Philips Digital Interface). |
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598 </para> |
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599 |
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600 <para> |
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601 Jeżeli twój sprzęt audio potrafi dekodować zarówno AC3 jak i DTS, możesz |
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602 bezpiecznie włączyć przekazywanie dla obu formatów. W przeciwnym razie, tylko |
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603 dla tego formatu, który jest obsługiwany przez Twój sprzęt. |
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604 </para> |
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605 |
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606 <itemizedlist> |
20434 | 607 <title>Aby włączyć przekazywanie z wiersza poleceń:</title> |
19179
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608 <listitem><para> |
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609 dla AC3 użyj <option>-ac hwac3</option> |
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610 </para></listitem> |
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611 <listitem><para> |
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612 dla DTS użyj <option>-ac hwdts</option> |
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613 </para></listitem> |
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614 <listitem><para> |
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615 dla AC3 i DTS użyj <option>-afm hwac3</option> |
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616 </para></listitem> |
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617 </itemizedlist> |
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618 |
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619 <itemizedlist> |
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620 <title>Aby włączyć przekazywanie w pliku konfiguracyjnym |
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621 <application>MPlayera</application>: </title> |
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622 <listitem><para> |
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623 dla AC3 użyj <option>ac=hwac3,</option> |
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624 </para></listitem> |
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625 <listitem><para> |
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626 dla DTS użyj <option>ac=hwdts,</option> |
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627 </para></listitem> |
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628 <listitem><para> |
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629 dla AC3 i DTS użyj <option>afm=hwac3</option> |
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630 </para></listitem> |
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631 </itemizedlist> |
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632 |
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|
633 <para> |
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634 Zauważ, że na końcu opcji <option>ac=hwac3,</option> oraz |
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635 <option>ac=hwdts,</option> są przecinki. Powodują one, że |
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636 <application>MPlayer</application> będzie używał standardowych kodeków, które |
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637 są normalnie używane podczas odtwarzania plików, które nie posiadają dźwięku |
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638 AC3 ani DTS. |
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639 |
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640 Opcja <option>afm=hwac3</option> nie wymaga przecinka, |
20434 | 641 samo podanie rodziny kodeków powoduje że <application>MPlayer</application> |
642 wypróbuje inne gdy będzie musiał. | |
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643 </para> |
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644 |
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|
645 </sect3> |
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646 |
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647 <sect3 id="hwmpa-surround-passthrough"> |
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648 <title>Przekazywanie dźwięku MPEG</title> |
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|
649 |
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|
650 <para> |
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651 Cyfrowe transmisje TV (takie jak DVB czy ATSC), także niektóre płyty DVDs |
20434 | 652 zazwyczaj zawierają strumienie audio w formacie MPEG (zazwyczaj MP2). |
19179
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653 Część sprzętowych dekoderów MPEG, takich jak pełnofunkcjonalne karty DVB, oraz |
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654 adaptery DXR2, potrafi natywnie dekodować ten format. |
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655 <application>MPlayer</application> może zostać tak skonfigurowany, aby przekazywać |
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656 dane audio bez ich dekodowania. |
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|
657 </para> |
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|
658 |
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|
659 <para> |
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660 Aby użyć tego sposobu dekodowania: |
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|
661 <screen> mplayer -ac hwmpa </screen> |
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662 </para> |
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663 </sect3> |
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|
664 |
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|
665 <sect3 id="advaudio-surround-matrix"> |
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666 <title>Dźwięk zakodowany macierzowo</title> |
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667 |
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668 <para> |
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669 <emphasis>***TODO***</emphasis> |
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670 </para> |
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671 <para> |
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672 Ta sekcja musi dopiero zostać napisana i nie może zostać ukończona zanim |
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673 ktoś nie dostarczy przykładowych plików do testów. Jeżeli posiadasz jakieś |
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674 pliki audio zakodowane macierzowo (matrix-encoded), wiesz kto je posiada lub |
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675 wiesz cokolwiek co mogłoby być pomocne, wyślij proszę informację na listę |
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|
676 mailingową |
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677 <ulink url="http://mplayerhq.hu/mailman/listinfo/mplayer-docs">MPlayer-DOCS</ulink> |
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678 W temacie podaj "[matrix-encoded audio]". |
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679 </para> |
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|
680 <para> |
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681 Jeżeli nie nadejdą żadne wiadomości, ta sekcja zostanie usunięta. |
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|
682 </para> |
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683 |
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|
684 <para> |
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|
685 Przydatne linki: |
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|
686 <itemizedlist> |
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|
687 <listitem><para> |
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|
688 <ulink url="http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/surround-sound5.htm">http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/surround-sound5.htm</ulink> |
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|
689 </para></listitem> |
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|
690 <listitem><para> |
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|
691 <ulink url="http://www.extremetech.com/article2/0,1697,1016875,00.asp">http://www.extremetech.com/article2/0,1697,1016875,00.asp</ulink> |
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|
692 </para></listitem> |
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|
693 </itemizedlist> |
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|
694 </para> |
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|
695 |
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|
696 </sect3> |
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|
697 |
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|
698 |
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|
699 <sect3 id="advaudio-surround-hrtf"> |
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|
700 <title>Emulacja przestrzeni w słuchawkach</title> |
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|
701 |
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|
702 <para> |
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|
703 <application>MPlayer</application> posiada filtr HRTF (Head Related Transfer |
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diff
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|
704 Function) bazujący na <ulink url="http://sound.media.mit.edu/KEMAR.html">projekcie MIT</ulink>, |
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diff
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|
705 w ramach którego wykonane zostały pomiary z mikrofonów zamontowanych na głowie |
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diff
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|
706 ludzkiego manekina. |
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diff
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|
707 </para> |
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|
708 |
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|
709 <para> |
20434 | 710 Chociaż nie jest możliwe dokładne zasymulowanie systemu dźwięku przestrzennego, |
19179
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diff
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|
711 filtr HRTF zawarty w <application>MPlayerze</application> powoduje bardziej |
20434 | 712 przestrzenne zanurzenie w dźwięku przy użyciu 2-kanałowych słuchawek. |
19179
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|
713 Standardowy procedura po prostu łączy wszystkie kanały w dwa. <option>hrtf</option>, |
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|
714 obok łączenia kanałów, generuje także subtelne echa, nieznacznie zwiększa |
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diff
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|
715 separację kanałów stereo, a także zmienia głośność niektórych częstotliwości. |
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diff
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|
716 To, czy dźwięk HRTF brzmi lepiej, może zależeć od źródła dźwięku oraz gustu |
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diff
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|
717 słuchacza, ale z pewnością jest on warty wypróbowania. |
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|
718 </para> |
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diff
changeset
|
719 |
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diff
changeset
|
720 <para> |
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diff
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|
721 Odtwarzanie DVD z HRTF: |
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changeset
|
722 |
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diff
changeset
|
723 <screen>mplayer dvd://1 -channels 6 -af hrtf</screen> |
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diff
changeset
|
724 |
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diff
changeset
|
725 </para> |
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diff
changeset
|
726 |
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diff
changeset
|
727 <para> |
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diff
changeset
|
728 <option>hrtf</option> działa poprawnie tylko przy 5 i 6 kanałach. Opcja ta wymaga |
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diff
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|
729 także audio próbkowanego z częstotliwością 48kHz. Audio na płytach DVD jest już |
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diff
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|
730 próbkowane 48kHz, lecz jeżeli chcesz odtworzyć plik z innym próbkowaniem i opcją |
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diff
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|
731 <option>hrtf</option>, musisz dokonać jego przepróbkowania tego pliku: |
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- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
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diff
changeset
|
732 |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
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diff
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|
733 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -channels 6 -af resample=48000,hrtf</screen> |
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diff
changeset
|
734 |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
735 </para> |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
736 |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
737 </sect3> |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
738 |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
739 |
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- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
740 <sect3 id="advaudio-surround-troubleshooting"> |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
741 <title>Rozwiązywanie problemów</title> |
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diff
changeset
|
742 |
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diff
changeset
|
743 <para> |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
744 Jeżeli nie słyszysz żadnych dźwięków, sprawdź ustawienia miksera przy pomocy |
94dd11eb4dd9
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
745 stosownego programu, takiego jak <application>alsamixer</application>; |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
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parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
746 niejednokrotnie wyjścia audio są domyślnie wyciszone lub ich głośność jest ustawiona |
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parents:
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diff
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|
747 na zero. |
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parents:
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diff
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|
748 </para> |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
749 |
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- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
750 </sect3> |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
751 |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
752 </sect2> |
94dd11eb4dd9
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
753 |
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- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
754 |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
755 <sect2 id="advaudio-channels"> |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
756 <title>Manipulowanie kanałami</title> |
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parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
757 |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
758 <sect3 id="advaudio-channels-general"> |
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- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
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parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
759 <title>Ogólne informacje</title> |
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boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
760 |
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diff
changeset
|
761 <para> |
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parents:
19102
diff
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|
762 Niestety nie ma żadnego standardu opisującego w jaki sposób kanały są uporządkowane. |
94dd11eb4dd9
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diff
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|
763 Poniższe porządki przedstawiają te używane przez AC3, które są dość typowe. Spróbuj |
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parents:
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diff
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|
764 ich i sprawdź czy odpowiednie źródła dźwięku się zgadzają. Kanały są numerowane od 0. |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
765 |
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- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
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parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
766 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
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boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
767 <title>mono</title> |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
768 <listitem override="0"><simpara>środkowy</simpara></listitem> |
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- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
769 </orderedlist> |
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- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
770 |
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- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
771 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
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- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
772 <title>stereo</title> |
94dd11eb4dd9
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
773 <listitem override="0"><simpara>lewy</simpara></listitem> |
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parents:
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diff
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|
774 <listitem><simpara>prawy</simpara></listitem> |
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- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
775 </orderedlist> |
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- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
776 |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
777 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
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- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
778 <title>kwadrofonia</title> |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
779 <listitem override="0"><simpara>lewy przedni</simpara></listitem> |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
780 <listitem><simpara>prawy przedni</simpara></listitem> |
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parents:
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diff
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|
781 <listitem><simpara>lewy tylny</simpara></listitem> |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
782 <listitem><simpara>prawy tylny</simpara></listitem> |
94dd11eb4dd9
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
783 </orderedlist> |
94dd11eb4dd9
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boskicinek
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
784 |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
785 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
786 <title>surround 4.0</title> |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
787 <listitem override="0"><simpara>lewy przedni</simpara></listitem> |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
788 <listitem><simpara>prawy przedni</simpara></listitem> |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
789 <listitem><simpara>środkowy tylny</simpara></listitem> |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
790 <listitem><simpara>środkowy przedni</simpara></listitem> |
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- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
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parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
791 </orderedlist> |
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- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
792 |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
793 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
94dd11eb4dd9
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
794 <title>surround 5.0</title> |
94dd11eb4dd9
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
795 <listitem override="0"><simpara>lewy przedni</simpara></listitem> |
94dd11eb4dd9
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
796 <listitem><simpara>prawy przedni</simpara></listitem> |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
797 <listitem><simpara>lewy tylny</simpara></listitem> |
94dd11eb4dd9
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boskicinek
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
798 <listitem><simpara>prawy tylny</simpara></listitem> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
799 <listitem><simpara>środkowy przedni</simpara></listitem> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
800 </orderedlist> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
801 |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
802 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
94dd11eb4dd9
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boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
803 <title>surround 5.1</title> |
94dd11eb4dd9
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boskicinek
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
804 <listitem override="0"><simpara>lewy przedni</simpara></listitem> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
805 <listitem><simpara>prawy przedni</simpara></listitem> |
94dd11eb4dd9
- synced with 18964 by Emdej and fixes from Boski
boskicinek
parents:
19102
diff
changeset
|
806 <listitem><simpara>lewy tylny</simpara></listitem> |
94dd11eb4dd9
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boskicinek
parents:
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807 <listitem><simpara>prawy tylny</simpara></listitem> |
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808 <listitem><simpara>środkowy przedni</simpara></listitem> |
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809 <listitem><simpara>subwoofer (głośnik niskotonowy)</simpara></listitem> |
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|
810 </orderedlist> |
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|
811 |
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|
812 </para> |
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|
813 |
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|
814 <para> |
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|
815 Opcja <option>-channels</option> jest używana w celu określenia liczby kanałów |
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|
816 dekodowanego audio. Niektóre kodeki audio wykorzystują tę liczbę aby zdecydować |
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817 czy konieczne jest zmniejszenie liczby kanałów poprzez miksowanie. |
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818 Zauważ, że ustawienie tej opcji nie jest równoważne z ustawieniem liczby |
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|
819 wyjściowych kanałów. Przykładowo, używając opcji <option>-channels 4</option> |
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|
820 aby odtworzyć plik stereo MP3, otrzymamy 2 kanały wyjściowe, bowiem kodek MP3 |
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|
821 nie potrafi spreparować dodatkowych kanałów. |
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|
822 </para> |
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|
823 |
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|
824 <para> |
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825 Filtr audio <option>channels</option> może być użyty aby stworzyć lub usunąć kanały, |
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826 co może być przydatne przy określaniu liczy kanałów przesyłanych do karty muzycznej. |
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827 Aby dowiedzieć się więcej, zobacz kolejne sekcje. |
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828 </para> |
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|
829 |
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|
830 </sect3> |
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|
831 |
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|
832 |
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|
833 <sect3 id="advaudio-channels-mono"> |
20434 | 834 <title>Odtwarzanie dźwięku mono przy użyciu dwóch głośników</title> |
19179
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|
835 |
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|
836 <para> |
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837 Dźwięk mono brzmi znacznie lepiej, gdy jest odtwarzany przy użyciu dwóch |
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838 głośników - szczególnie gdy używamy słuchawek. Pliki audio, które posiadają |
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839 tylko jeden kanał audio są automatycznie odtwarzane przy użyciu obu głośników; |
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840 niestety większość plików mono jest zakodowana jako dźwięk stereo, gdzie jeden |
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841 kanał jest wyciszony. Najłatwiejszą i najbardziej niezawodną metodą pozwalającą |
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842 na odtworzenie dźwięku przy użyciu obu głośników jest użycie filtru |
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|
843 <option>extrastereo</option>: |
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|
844 |
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|
845 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af extrastereo=0</screen> |
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|
846 |
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|
847 </para> |
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|
848 |
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|
849 <para> |
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|
850 Metoda ta uśrednia oba kanały, co skutkuje zmniejszeniu głośności każdego z kanałów |
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|
851 o połowę względem oryginału. W następnej sekcji zawarto przykłady innych metod rozwiązania |
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|
852 tego problemu bez zmniejszania głośności; niestety są one bardziej skomplikowanego |
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853 i wymagają różnych opcji w zależności od kanału, który zawiera dane. |
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|
854 Jeżeli na prawdę potrzebujesz utrzymać głośność, możliwe że łatwiej będzie odpowiednio |
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855 dopasować głośność przy użyciu filtru <option>volume</option>. Na przykład: |
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|
856 |
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|
857 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af extrastereo=0,volume=5</screen> |
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|
858 |
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|
859 </para> |
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|
860 |
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|
861 </sect3> |
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|
862 |
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|
863 |
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|
864 <sect3 id="advaudio-channels-copying"> |
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|
865 <title>Kopiowanie i przesuwanie kanałów</title> |
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|
866 |
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|
867 <para> |
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868 Filtr <option>channels</option> potrafi przesunąć dowolny jeden lub wszystkie kanały. |
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|
869 Ustawienie wszystkich podopcji filtru <option>channels</option> może być |
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|
870 skomplikowane i wymaga nieco uwagi. |
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|
871 |
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|
872 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
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|
873 <listitem><para> |
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874 Zdecyduj ile wyjściowych kanałów audio potrzebujesz. Oto pierwsza podopcja. |
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|
875 </para></listitem> |
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|
876 <listitem><para> |
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|
877 Policz ile przesunięć kanałów zamierzasz wykonać. To jest druga podopcja. Każdy |
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|
878 kanał może być przesunięty do kilku różnych kanałów w tym samym czasie, ale pamiętaj, |
20434 | 879 że gdy przesuniesz kanał (również gdy tylko do jednego kanału docelowego), źródło zostanie |
19179
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880 opróżnione, chyba że inny kanał zostanie tam przesunięty. Aby skopiować kanał, |
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|
881 pozostawiając źródło nietknięte, po prostu przesuń kanał zarówno do miejsca kopiowania, |
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|
882 jak i do źródła. Na przykład: |
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|
883 |
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|
884 <programlisting> |
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|
885 kanał 2 --> kanał 3 |
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|
886 kanał 2 --> kanał 2 |
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|
887 </programlisting> |
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|
888 </para></listitem> |
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|
889 <listitem><para> |
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|
890 Wypisz kopie kanałów jako pary subopcji. Pamiętaj, że pierwszy kanał ma numer 0, |
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891 drugi 1 itd. Kolejność subopcji nie jest istotna tak długo, ale muszą one być |
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|
892 pogrupowane w pary typu: |
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|
893 <replaceable>źródło:cel</replaceable>. |
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|
894 </para></listitem> |
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|
895 </orderedlist> |
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|
896 |
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|
897 </para> |
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|
898 |
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|
899 |
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|
900 <bridgehead>Przykład: jeden kanał w dwóch głośnikach</bridgehead> |
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|
901 |
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|
902 <para> |
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903 Oto przykład innej metody odtwarzania jednego kanału w dwóch głośnikach. |
20434 | 904 Załóżmy, że lewy kanał ma być odtwarzany, a prawy ma zostać pominięty. |
19179
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905 Zgodnie z krokami opisanymi powyżej: |
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|
906 <orderedlist> |
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|
907 <listitem><para> |
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|
908 Aby dostarczyć dźwięk do każdego z dwóch głośników, pierwsza opcja musi mieć |
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|
909 wartość "2". |
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|
910 </para></listitem> |
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|
911 <listitem><para> |
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|
912 Lewy kanał musi zostać przesunięty do prawego kanału oraz lewego, aby nie został |
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|
913 on pusty. Sumaryczna liczba przesunięć to dwa, zatem druga opcja to również "2". |
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|
914 </para></listitem> |
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|
915 <listitem><para> |
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|
916 Aby przesunąć lewy kanał (kanał 0) do kanału prawego (kanał 1), para subopcji |
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|
917 musi byc "0:1", "0:0" przesunie lewy kanał do siebie. |
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|
918 </para></listitem> |
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|
919 </orderedlist> |
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|
920 Po połączeniu wszystkiego razem otrzymamy: |
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|
921 |
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|
922 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af channels=2:2:0:1:0:0</screen> |
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|
923 </para> |
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|
924 |
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|
925 <para> |
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|
926 Przewaga tego przykładu nad opcją <option>extrastereo</option> jest taka, że |
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|
927 głośność każdego z kanałów wyjściowych pozostanie taka sama jak kanału źródłowego. |
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|
928 Wadą jest, że podopcje muszą zostać zmienione na "2:2:1:0:1:1", gdy dźwięk zawiera |
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|
929 kanał prawy. Ponadto trudniej to zapamiętać i wpisać. |
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|
930 </para> |
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|
931 |
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|
932 <bridgehead>Przykład: lewy kanał w obu głośnikach (skrót)</bridgehead> |
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|
933 |
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|
934 <para> |
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|
935 Istnieje znacznie łatwiejsza metoda na użycie filtru <option>channels</option> w |
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|
936 celu odtworzenia lewego kanału w dwóch głośnikach: |
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|
937 |
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|
938 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af channels=1</screen> |
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|
939 |
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|
940 Drugi kanał jest pomijany, a pierwszy jest pozostawiany, bez dodatkowych podopcji. |
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|
941 Sterowniki kart muzycznych automatycznie odtwarzają jednokanałowy dźwięk wykorzystując |
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|
942 oba głośniki. Oczywiście zadziała to tylko, gdy pożądanym kanałem jest kanał lewy. |
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|
943 </para> |
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|
944 |
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|
945 <bridgehead>Przykład: kopiowanie kanałów przednich do kanałów tylnych</bridgehead> |
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|
946 <para> |
20434 | 947 Kolejną typową operacją jest kopiowanie kanałów przednich i odtwarzanie ich |
948 z tylnych głośników zestawu kwadrofonicznego. | |
19179
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|
949 <orderedlist> |
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|
950 <listitem><para> |
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|
951 Potrzebujemy czterech kanałów wyjściowych, więc pierwsza podopcja to "4". |
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|
952 </para></listitem> |
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|
953 <listitem><para> |
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|
954 Każdy z przednich kanałów musi zostać przesunięty do odpowiedniego kanału tylnego |
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|
955 oraz do siebie. W sumie użyte będą cztery przesunięcia, więc druga opcja to "4". |
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|
956 </para></listitem> |
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|
957 <listitem><para> |
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|
958 Lewy przedni kanał (kanał 0) musi zostać przesunięty do lewego tylnego (kanał 2): "0:2". |
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|
959 Lewy przedni musi być także przesunięty do siebie: "0:0". Prawy przedni (kanał 1) |
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|
960 musi zostać przesunięty do prawego tylnego (kanał 3): "1:3" oraz do siebie: "1:1". |
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|
961 </para></listitem> |
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|
962 </orderedlist> |
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|
963 Po połączeniu wszystkich podopcji otrzymujemy: |
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|
964 |
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|
965 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af channels=4:4:0:2:0:0:1:3:1:1</screen> |
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|
966 |
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|
967 </para> |
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|
968 |
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|
969 </sect3> |
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|
970 |
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|
971 |
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|
972 <sect3 id="advaudio-channels-mixing"> |
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|
973 <title>Miksowanie kanałów</title> |
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|
974 |
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|
975 <para> |
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|
976 Filtr <option>pan</option> potrafi zmiksować kanały w określonych przez |
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|
977 użytkownika proporcjach. Pozwala to na wykonanie wszystkiego tego co potrafi |
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|
978 filtr <option>channels</option> i wiele więcej. Niestety podopcje są tutaj |
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|
979 znacznie bardziej skomplikowane. |
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|
980 <orderedlist> |
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|
981 <listitem><para> |
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|
982 Zdecyduj z iloma kanałami chcesz pracować. Aby to określić możesz potrzebować |
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|
983 użyć <option>-channels</option> i/lub <option>-af channels</option>. Późniejsze |
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|
984 przykłady pokażą kiedy użyć którego. |
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|
985 </para></listitem> |
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|
986 <listitem><para> |
20434 | 987 Zdecyduj ile kanałów ma zostać wprowadzonych do <option>pan</option> (dalsze |
19179
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988 dekodowane kanały zostaną porzucone). To jest pierwsza podopcja. Kontroluje ona |
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|
989 także liczbę kanałów używanych jako wyjście. |
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|
990 </para></listitem> |
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|
991 <listitem><para> |
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992 Pozostałe podopcje określają jak dużą część danego kanału zmiksować do kanału |
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|
993 docelowego. To jest najbardziej skomplikowana część. Aby sprostać temu zadaniu, |
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994 podzielmy podopcje na kilka grup, po jednej dla każdego kanału wyjściowego. |
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995 Każda podopcja w zbiorze odpowiada pojedynczemu kanałowi wejściowemu. Liczba, |
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|
996 którą podasz odpowiada części kanału wejściowego, która zostanie |
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|
997 zmiksowana w kanale wyjściowym. |
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|
998 </para> |
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|
999 <para> |
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|
1000 <option>pan</option> akceptuje wartości od 0 do 512, co odpowiada wartościom od |
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1001 0% do 51200% oryginalnej głośności. Bądź ostrożny używając wartości większych od |
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|
1002 1. Może to spowodować nie tylko bardzo duże zwiększenie głośności, ale także, |
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1003 jeżeli przekroczysz zakres swojej karty muzycznej, możesz usłyszeć okropne trzaski. |
20434 | 1004 Jeżeli chcesz, możesz stosować po filtrze <option>pan</option> dopisać <option>,volume</option>, |
19179
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1005 co włączy obcinanie głośności, jednak najlepiej używać na tyle małych wartości |
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1006 parametrów <option>pan</option>, aby przycinanie nie było potrzebne. |
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|
1007 </para></listitem> |
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|
1008 </orderedlist> |
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|
1009 </para> |
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|
1010 |
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1011 <bridgehead>Przykład: jeden kanał w dwóch głośnikach</bridgehead> |
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|
1012 |
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|
1013 <para> |
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1014 Oto jeszcze jeden przykład, jak odtworzyć lewy kanał w dwóch głośnikach. |
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1015 Postępując zgodnie z krokami opisanymi powyżej: |
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|
1016 <orderedlist> |
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|
1017 <listitem><para> |
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1018 <option>pan</option> powinien używać dwóch kanałów wyjściowych, więc pierwsza |
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1019 podopcja to "2". |
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|
1020 </para></listitem> |
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|
1021 <listitem><para> |
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1022 Ponieważ mamy dwa kanały wejściowe, będziemy mieli dwie grupy podopcji. |
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1023 Ponieważ używane są również dwa kanały wyjściowe, w każdej grupie będą po dwie |
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1024 podopcje. Lewy kanał z pliku powinien zostać skopiowany z pełną głośnością |
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1025 do nowych kanału: lewego i prawego. W związku z tym, pierwsza grupa podopcji |
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1026 to "1:1". Prawy kanał powinien zostać pominięty, zatem druga grupa to "0:0". |
20434 | 1027 Wszelkie zera na końcu listy podopcji mogą zostać pominięte, ale dla przejrzystości |
19179
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1028 przykładu, pozostawimy je. |
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|
1029 </para></listitem> |
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|
1030 </orderedlist> |
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|
1031 Po złączeniu wszystkich podopcji otrzymamy: |
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|
1032 |
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|
1033 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af pan=2:1:1:0:0</screen> |
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1034 |
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1035 Jeżeli pożądanym kanałem jest prawy, a nie lewy, podopcje zmienią się na |
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|
1036 "2:0:0:1:1". |
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|
1037 </para> |
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|
1038 |
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|
1039 |
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|
1040 <bridgehead>Przykład: lewy kanał w dwóch głośnikach (skrót)</bridgehead> |
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|
1041 |
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|
1042 <para> |
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1043 Podobnie jak przy użyciu <option>channels</option>, istnieje skrót działający |
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1044 tylko z lewym kanałem: |
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|
1045 |
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|
1046 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af pan=1:1</screen> |
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|
1047 |
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|
1048 Jeżeli <option>pan</option> posiada tylko jeden kanał wejściowy (pozostałe kanały |
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1049 są pomijane), potrzebna jest tylko jedna grupa podopcji z jedną podopcją, która |
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1050 oznacza, że jedyny kanał będzie zawierał 100% siebie. |
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|
1051 </para> |
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|
1052 |
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|
1053 <bridgehead>Przykład: zmniejszanie liczy kanałów w 6-kanałowym PCM</bridgehead> |
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|
1054 <para> |
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1055 Dekoder 6-kanałowego PCM zawarty w <application>MPlayerze</application> nie potrafi |
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1056 zmniejszać liczby kanałów przez miksowanie. Oto metoda dokonania tego przy użyciu |
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|
1057 opcji <option>pan</option>: |
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|
1058 <orderedlist> |
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|
1059 <listitem><para> |
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1060 Liczba kanałów wyjściowych to 2, więc pierwsza podopcja to "2". |
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|
1061 </para></listitem> |
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|
1062 <listitem><para> |
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1063 Jako, że mamy 6 kanałów wejściowych, musimy użyć sześciu grup opcji. |
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1064 Na szczęście, ponieważ interesują nas tylko dwa pierwsze kanały, możemy |
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1065 użyć tylko dwóch grup opcji; pozostałe cztery grupy mogą zostać pominięte. |
20434 | 1066 Pamiętaj, że nie wszystkie wielokanałowe pliki audio mają tę samą kolejność |
19179
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1067 kanałów. Poniższy przykład pokazuje zmniejszanie liczby kanałów w pliku, w którym |
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1068 kolejność kanałów jest taka, jak w AC3 5.1: |
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|
1069 <programlisting> |
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1070 0 - lewy przedni |
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1071 1 - prawy przedni |
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|
1072 2 - lewy tylny |
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1073 3 - prawy tylny |
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1074 4 - środkowy przedni |
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1075 5 - subwoofer (głośnik niskotonowy) |
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|
1076 </programlisting> |
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1077 Pierwsza grupa podopcji zawiera kolejne wartości oryginalnej głośności lewego |
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1078 przedniego kanału, które powinny być dostarczone do odpowiednich kanałów |
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1079 wyjściowych: "1:0". Prawy przedni kanał powinien zostać przeniesiony do |
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1080 prawego wyjściowego: "0:1". Analogicznie dla kanałów tylnych: "1:0" i "0:1". |
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1081 Kanał środkowy powinien zostać przeniesiony do obu kanałów wyjściowych z połową |
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1082 głośności: "0.5:0.5", zaś kanał głośnika niskotonowego powinien być słyszalny |
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1083 w obu kanałach wyjściowych z pełną głośnością: "1:1". |
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|
1084 |
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|
1085 </para></listitem> |
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|
1086 </orderedlist> |
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1087 Połącz wszystko razem, a otrzymasz: |
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|
1088 |
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|
1089 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>6-channel.wav</replaceable> -af pan=2:1:0:0:1:1:0:0:1:0.5:0.5:1:1</screen> |
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|
1090 |
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|
1091 Przedstawione powyżej głośności są tylko przybliżonym przykładem. Nie czuj się |
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1092 nimi skrępowany i zmieniaj je zgodnie ze swoim uznaniem. |
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|
1093 </para> |
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|
1094 |
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|
1095 <bridgehead>Przykład: Odtwarzanie audio 5.1 przy pomocy dużych głośników, bez subwoofera</bridgehead> |
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|
1096 |
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|
1097 <para> |
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|
1098 Jeżeli posiadasz parę dużych przednich głośników, możesz nie mieć ochoty |
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|
1099 tracić pieniędzy na dodatkowy głośnik niskotonowy, tylko po to, aby mieć |
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|
1100 kompletny system 5.1. Jeżeli użyjesz opcji <option>-channels 5</option>, |
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1101 przekażesz do lib52 informację, że ma dekodować audio 5.1 dla systemu 5.0. |
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1102 Tym sposobem kanał głośnika niskotonowego zostanie po prostu pominięty. |
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1103 Jeżeli chcesz rozdzielić kanał subwoofera samodzielnie, musisz dokonać ręcznego |
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|
1104 zmiksowania przy użyciu <option>pan</option>: |
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|
1105 |
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|
1106 <orderedlist> |
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|
1107 <listitem><para> |
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1108 Jako, że <option>pan</option> musi analizować wszystkie 6 kanałów, |
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1109 podaj opcję <option>-channels 6</option>, aby liba52 zdekodował je wszystkie. |
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|
1110 </para></listitem> |
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|
1111 <listitem><para> |
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|
1112 Ponieważ <option>pan</option> będzie używał pięciu kanałów wyjściowych, pierwsza |
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|
1113 podopcja to "5". |
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|
1114 </para></listitem> |
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|
1115 <listitem><para> |
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1116 Sześć kanałów wejściowych i pięć wyjściowych oznacza 6 grup po 5 podopcji. |
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|
1117 <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> |
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|
1118 <listitem><simpara> |
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|
1119 Lewy przedni kanał replikuje samego siebie: |
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1120 "1:0:0:0:0" |
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|
1121 </simpara></listitem> |
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|
1122 <listitem><simpara> |
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1123 Identycznie dla prawego przedniego kanału: |
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1124 "0:1:0:0:0" |
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|
1125 </simpara></listitem> |
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|
1126 <listitem><simpara> |
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1127 Tak samo dla lewego tylnego: |
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1128 "0:0:1:0:0" |
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|
1129 </simpara></listitem> |
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|
1130 <listitem><simpara> |
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1131 Oraz tak samo dla prawego tylnego: |
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1132 "0:0:0:1:0" |
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|
1133 </simpara></listitem> |
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|
1134 <listitem><simpara> |
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1135 Środkowy też: |
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1136 "0:0:0:0:1" |
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|
1137 </simpara></listitem> |
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|
1138 <listitem><simpara> |
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1139 Teraz musimy zdecydować, co zrobić z subwooferem. Na przykład możemy podzielić |
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1140 go po połowie na lewy przedni i prawy przedni: |
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1141 "0.5:0.5:0:0:0" |
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|
1142 </simpara></listitem> |
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|
1143 </itemizedlist> |
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|
1144 </para></listitem> |
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|
1145 </orderedlist> |
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1146 Po połączeniu wszystkich opcji otrzymasz: |
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1147 |
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1148 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>dvd://1</replaceable> -channels 6 -af pan=5:1:0:0:0:0:0:1:0:0:0:0:0:1:0:0:0:0:0:1:0:0:0:0:0:1:0.5:0.5:0:0:0</screen> |
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|
1149 |
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|
1150 </para> |
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|
1151 |
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|
1152 </sect3> |
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|
1153 |
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|
1154 </sect2> |
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1155 |
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|
1156 |
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1157 <sect2 id="advaudio-volume"> |
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1158 <title>Programowa regulacja głośności</title> |
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1159 |
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1160 <para> |
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1161 Niekóre ścieżki audio są zbyt ciche aby można ich komfortowo słuchać bez |
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1162 wzmocnienia. Staje się to problemem, gdy Twój sprzęt audio nie potrafi wzmacniać |
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1163 sygnału. Opcja <option>-softvol</option> instruuje <application>MPlayera</application>, |
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1164 aby ten używał wewnętrznego miksera. Możesz wtedy używać klawiszy strojenia |
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1165 głośności (domyślnie <keycap>9</keycap> i <keycap>0</keycap>), aby uzyskać |
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1166 większe poziomy głośności. Pamiętaj, że nie omija to miksera Twojej karty |
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1167 muzycznej; <application>MPlayer</application> zwiększa tylko głośność sygnału |
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1168 przed przesłaniem go do Twojej karty. |
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1169 |
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1170 Poniższy przykład może być dobrym początkiem: |
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1171 |
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1172 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>cichy-plik</replaceable> -softvol -softvol-max 300</screen> |
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1173 |
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1174 Opcja <option>-softvol-max</option> określa maksymalny dozwolony poziom głośności, |
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1175 jako procent głośności oryginalnej. Przykładowo, <option>-softvol-max 200</option> |
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1176 pozwoli na maksymalne zwiększenie głośności do 200% głośności oryginalnej. |
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1177 |
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1178 Można bezpiecznie używać dużych parametrów <option>-softvol-max</option>; |
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1179 większa głośność nie zostanie użyta, jeżeli nie zwiększysz jej przy pomocy |
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1180 klawiszy regulacji głośności. Jedyną wadą stosowania większych wartości jest to, |
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1181 że, ponieważ <application>MPlayer</application> ustala głośność jako procent |
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1182 głośności maksymalnej, nie będziesz w stanie precyzyjnie kontrolować głośności |
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1183 przy pomocy klawiszy regulacji głośności. Użyj mniejszych wartości parametrów |
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1184 <option>-softvol-max</option> i/lub dodaj opcję <option>-volstep 1</option> |
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1185 aby uzyskać większą precyzję. |
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1186 </para> |
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1187 |
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1188 <para> |
20434 | 1189 Opcja <option>-softvol</option> działa poprzez kontrolę filtru |
19179
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1190 <option>volume</option>. Jeżeli chcesz odtwarzać plik z określoną głośnością, |
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1191 możesz podać opcję dla <option>volume</option> ręcznie: |
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1192 |
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1193 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>cichy-plik</replaceable> -af volume=10</screen> |
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1194 |
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1195 Pozwoli to na odtworzenie pliku z 10-decybelowym wzmocnieniem. Bądź ostrożny |
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1196 używając filtru <option>volume</option> - ustawiając zbyt dużą głośność możesz |
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1197 łatwo uszkodzić swój słuch. Zaczynaj od małych wartości i stopniowo zwiększaj je |
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1198 aż do uzyskania pożądanej głośności. Ponadto, jeżeli podasz zbyt dużą wartość, |
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1199 filtr <option>volume</option> może musieć przyciąć głośność, aby nie przesłać |
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1200 do karty muzycznej danych spoza akceptowalnego przez nią zakresu; będzie to |
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1201 powodować zniekształcenia dźwięku. |
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1202 </para> |
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1203 |
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1204 </sect2> |
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1205 |
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1206 </sect1> |
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1207 |
11176 | 1208 </chapter> |