Mercurial > mplayer.hg
annotate DOCS/encoding.html @ 7304:7da2c2a68547
Check if realloc failed on http_hdr->buffer instead of ptr in http_response_append,
and got rid of ptr which wasn't used anymore.
| author | bertrand |
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| date | Sat, 07 Sep 2002 08:15:57 +0000 |
| parents | 0b70f3dc34eb |
| children | 892ebabb04e2 |
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1 <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> |
| 2674 | 2 <HTML> |
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3 |
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4 <HEAD> |
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5 <TITLE>Encoding - MEncoder - The Movie Encoder for Linux</TITLE> |
| 6391 | 6 <LINK REL="stylesheet" TYPE="text/css" HREF="default.css"> |
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7 <META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"> |
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8 </HEAD> |
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9 |
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10 <BODY> |
| 2674 | 11 |
| 12 | |
| 7061 | 13 <H2><A NAME="encoding">2.4 Encoding with MEncoder</A></H2> |
| 6974 | 14 |
| 2674 | 15 <P><B>MEncoder</B> (<B>MPlayer</B>'s Movie Encoder) is a simple movie encoder, |
| 6960 | 16 designed to encode MPlayer-playable movies |
| 17 (<B>AVI/ASF/OGG/DVD/VCD/VOB/MPG/MOV/VIV/FLI/RM/NUV/NET</B>) to other | |
| 18 MPlayer-playable formats (see below). It can encode with various codecs, like | |
| 19 <B>DivX4</B> (1 or 2 passes), libavcodec, | |
| 20 <B>PCM</B>/<B>MP3</B>/<B>VBR MP3</B> audio. Also has powerful plugin system | |
| 21 for video manipulation.</P> | |
| 2674 | 22 |
| 6974 | 23 |
| 7054 | 24 <H3><A NAME="compilation">2.4.1 Compilation</A></H3> |
| 3721 | 25 |
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26 <UL> |
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27 <LI><B>OPTIONAL</B> - read <B>MPlayer</B>'s compilation instruction.</LI> |
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28 <LI><B>OPTIONAL (LINUX ONLY)</B> - download the newest <B>DivX4linux</B> libs |
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29 from <A HREF="http://avifile.sourceforge.net/download.htm">avifile.sourceforge.net</A>, |
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30 and have them PROPERLY installed. You need them if you want DivX4 |
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31 (1/2 pass) encoding.</LI> |
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32 <LI><B>OPTIONAL</B> - <A HREF="codecs.html#xvid">download and install |
| 6583 | 33 <B>XViD</B></A>. Not very useful, libavcodec's <I>mpeg4</I> codec |
| 34 can encode with much better speed AND quality than XViD or DivX4/5.</LI> | |
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35 <LI><B>OPTIONAL</B> - for libavcodec support, install libavcodec as |
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36 described in the <A HREF="codecs.html#libavcodec">libavcodec section</A>.</LI> |
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37 <LI><B>OPTIONAL</B> - download and compile <B>libmp3lame</B> (from lame 3.89beta or lame CVS).<BR> |
| 6575 | 38 <B>WARNING: DO NOT COMPILE LAME < 3.90 WITH <U>GCC 2.96</U>! It won't |
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39 work properly!</B><BR> |
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40 This |
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41 is needed for CBR/VBR MP3 audio encoding ability. Note that a single |
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42 <CODE>lame</CODE> binary isn't sufficient. BTW: the less optimization |
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43 you use for lame, the better the quality will be. You can test |
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44 quality by running <CODE>make test</CODE> after lame's compiling process |
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45 is over. The resulting number should be less than <B>30</B>. Don't |
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46 panic if it's <B>400</B> or so, you shouldn't heard any audible |
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47 quality decrease. Oh, and if your compiler doesn't even run <CODE>make test</CODE> ... |
| 6575 | 48 Well, delete that <B>GCC 2.96</B> or upgrade lame to at least <B>3.90</B>.</LI> |
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49 <LI><B>OPTIONAL</B> - <CODE>libjpeg</CODE> and <CODE>libpng</CODE> - |
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50 as described in the <A HREF="documentation.html#installation">Installation</A> |
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51 section</LI> |
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52 </UL> |
| 2674 | 53 |
| 54 <P>You are ready. As you probably know, other encoding tools need the | |
| 6960 | 55 <I>avifile</I> library installed. <B>MEncoder</B> doesn't need it at all.</P> |
| 2674 | 56 |
| 6974 | 57 |
| 7054 | 58 <H3><A NAME="features">2.4.2 MEncoder features</A></H3> |
| 3721 | 59 |
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60 <UL> |
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61 <LI>encoding from the wide range of fileformats and decoders of <B>MPlayer</B></LI> |
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62 <LI>encoding to all the codecs of ffmpeg's |
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63 <A HREF="codecs.html#libavcodec">libavcodec</A></LI> |
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64 <LI>video encoding from <B>V4L compatible TV tuners</B></LI> |
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65 <LI>encoding/multiplexing to interleaved AVI files with proper index</LI> |
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66 <LI>creating files from external audio stream</LI> |
| 7001 | 67 <LI>1, 2 or 3 pass encoding</LI> |
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68 <LI><B>VBR</B> MP3 audio - <B>IMPORTANT NOTE:</B> VBR MP3 audio doesn't |
| 7061 | 69 always play nicely on Windows players! On the other hand, currently |
| 70 <B>MEncoder</B>'s CBR encoding is totally broken on Win32 players :)</LI> | |
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71 <LI>PCM audio</LI> |
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72 <LI>stream copying</LI> |
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73 <LI>input A/V synchronizing (PTS-based, can be disabled with -mc 0 option)</LI> |
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74 <LI>FPS correction with <CODE>-ofps</CODE> option (useful when encoding |
| 6960 | 75 29.97fps VOB to 24fps AVI)</LI> |
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76 <LI>using our very powerful plugin system (crop, expand, flip, postprocess, |
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77 rotate, scale, rgb/yuv conversion)</LI> |
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78 <LI>can encode DVD/VOBsub <B>AND</B> text subtitles into the output file</LI> |
| 6711 | 79 <LI>can rip DVD subtitles to Vobsub format</LI> |
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80 </UL> |
| 2674 | 81 |
| 7047 | 82 <H4>Planned features:</H4> |
| 83 | |
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84 <UL> |
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85 <LI>even wider variety of available en/decoding formats/codecs |
| 6960 | 86 (creating VOB files with DivX4/Indeo5/VIVO streams :)</LI> |
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87 <LI>audio encoding from v4l (DONE for FreeBSD ?)</LI> |
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88 </UL> |
| 2674 | 89 |
| 6974 | 90 |
| 7054 | 91 <H4><A NAME="2pass">2.4.2.1 Encoding 2 or 3-pass DivX4</A></H4> |
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92 |
| 6960 | 93 <P><U><B>2-pass encoding:</B></U> the name comes from the fact that this method |
| 94 encodes the file <I>twice</I>. The first encoding (dubbed <I>pass</I>) | |
| 95 creates some temporary files (*.log) with a size of few megabytes, do not | |
| 96 delete them yet (you can delete the AVI). In the second pass, the 2-pass | |
| 97 output file is created, using the bitrate data from the temporary files. The | |
| 98 resulting file will have much better image quality. If this is the first time | |
| 99 you heard about this, you should consult some guides available on the | |
| 100 Net.</P> | |
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101 |
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102 <P>This example shows how to encode a DVD to a 2-pass DivX4 AVI. Just two |
| 6960 | 103 commands are needed:<BR> |
| 104 <CODE> rm frameno.avi</CODE> - remove this file, which | |
| 105 can come from a previous 3-pass encoding (it interferes with current | |
| 106 one)<BR> | |
| 107 <CODE> mencoder -dvd 2 -lavcopts | |
| 108 -vcodec=mpeg4:more_options -o movie.avi -pass 1<BR> | |
| 109 mencoder -dvd 2 -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:more_options | |
| 110 -o movie.avi -pass 2</CODE></P> | |
| 4397 | 111 |
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112 <P><U><B>3-pass encoding:</B></U> this is an extension of 2-pass encoding, |
| 4397 | 113 where the audio encoding takes place in a separate pass. This method enables |
| 114 estimation of recommended video bitrate in order to fit on a CD. Also, the | |
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115 audio is encoded only once, unlike in 2-pass mode. The schematics:</P> |
| 4397 | 116 |
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117 <OL> |
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118 <LI>Remove conflicting temporary file: |
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119 <P><CODE>rm frameno.avi</CODE></P></LI> |
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120 <LI>First pass: |
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121 <P><CODE>mencoder <file/DVD> -ovc frameno -o frameno.avi</CODE></P> |
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122 <P>An audio-only avi file will be created, containing |
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123 <B>only</B> the requested audio stream. Don't forget <CODE>-lameopts</CODE>, |
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124 if you need to set it. If you were encoding a long movie, <B>MEncoder</B> |
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125 prints the recommended bitrate values for 650Mb, 700Mb, and 800Mb |
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126 destination sizes, after this pass finishes.</P></LI> |
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127 <LI>Second pass: |
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128 <P><CODE>mencoder <file/DVD> -oac copy -pass 1 |
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129 -ovc divx4 -divx4opts br=<bitrate></CODE></P> |
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130 <P>Alias the first pass of DivX4 video encoding. |
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131 Optionally specify the video bitrate <B>MEncoder</B> printed at the end of |
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132 the previous pass.</P></LI> |
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133 <LI>Third pass: |
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134 <P><CODE>mencoder <file/DVD> -oac copy -pass 2 |
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135 -ovc divx4 -divx4opts br=<bitrate></CODE></P> |
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136 <P>Alias the second pass of DivX4 video encoding. |
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137 Optionally specify the video bitrate <B>MEncoder</B> printed at the end of |
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138 the previous pass. In this pass, audio from <CODE>frameno.avi</CODE> will |
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139 be inserted into the destination file.. and it's all ready!</P></LI> |
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140 </OL> |
| 4397 | 141 |
| 7047 | 142 <H4>Example for 3-pass encoding:</H4> |
| 4397 | 143 |
| 144 <P><CODE> rm frameno.avi</CODE> - remove this file, | |
| 145 which can come from a previous 3-pass encoding (it interferes with current | |
| 146 one)<BR> | |
| 6960 | 147 <CODE> mencoder -dvd 2 -ovc frameno |
| 148 -o frameno.avi<BR> | |
| 149 mencoder -dvd 2 | |
| 150 -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:more_options -oac copy -o movie.avi -pass 1<BR> | |
| 151 mencoder -dvd 2 | |
| 6974 | 152 -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:more_options -oac copy -o movie.avi -pass 2</CODE></P> |
| 4397 | 153 |
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154 <P><U><B>2 or 3-pass encoding using internal libavcodec controller:</B></U> |
| 6960 | 155 Optionally you can use libavcodec's internal 2 or 3-pass mode, it may give |
| 156 you better final rate accuracy than using the external, DivX4-inspired 2-pass | |
| 157 rate controler with libavcodec.</P> | |
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158 |
| 5811 | 159 <UL> |
| 6960 | 160 <LI><B>2-pass encoding:</B><BR> |
| 161 <CODE>rm -f lavc_stats.txt<BR> | |
| 162 mencoder -dvd 2 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vpass=1 (audio-options) -o | |
| 163 movie.avi<BR> | |
| 164 mencoder -dvd 2 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vpass=2 (audio-options) -o | |
| 165 movie.avi</CODE></LI> | |
| 166 <LI><B>3-pass encoding:</B><BR> | |
| 167 <CODE>rm -f frameno.avi lavc_stats.txt<BR> | |
| 168 mencoder -dvd 2 -ovc frameno (audio-options) -o frameno.avi<BR> | |
| 169 mencoder -dvd 2 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vpass=1 -oac copy -o | |
| 170 movie.avi<BR> | |
| 171 mencoder -dvd 2 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vpass=2 -oac copy -o | |
| 172 movie.avi</CODE></LI> | |
| 5811 | 173 </UL> |
| 2868 | 174 |
| 6974 | 175 |
| 7054 | 176 <H4><A NAME="rescaling">2.4.2.2 Rescaling movies</A></H4> |
| 3438 | 177 |
| 178 <P>Often the need to resize movie images' size emerges. Its reasons can be many, | |
| 179 examples are decreasing output file size, encoding SVCDs to DivX. Ripped DVDs | |
| 180 are mostly rescaled, for example a 4:3 DVD should be 640x480, especially | |
| 181 when you want it to fit to 1 CD, and have good quality at the same time. | |
| 182 SVCDs have 480x480 size, and their header contains the aspect ratio the | |
| 183 player should use (Ex.: 480x480 + 4:3 = 640x480). However when encoding to | |
| 184 AVI (DivX) files, you have be aware that AVI headers don't store this | |
| 185 value. Thus, the only solution is rescaling.</P> | |
| 186 | |
| 5968 | 187 <P>The scaling process is handled by the <I>'scale'</I> video filter: |
| 188 <CODE>-vop scale=X:Y</CODE>. Its quality can be set with the | |
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189 <CODE>-sws</CODE> option. If it's not specified, <B>MEncoder</B> will use 0: |
| 5968 | 190 fast bilinear.</P> |
| 3438 | 191 |
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192 <P>Usage:<BR> |
| 6960 | 193 <CODE> mencoder sample-svcd.mpg -lavcopts |
| 194 vcodec=mpeg4:more_options -vop scale=640:480 -sws 2 -o | |
| 195 output.avi</CODE></P> | |
| 3438 | 196 |
| 4680 | 197 |
| 7054 | 198 <H4><A NAME="copying">2.4.2.3 Stream copying</A></H4> |
| 2868 | 199 |
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200 <P><B>MEncoder</B> can handle input streams in two ways: <B>encode</B> or |
| 3438 | 201 <B>copy</B> them. This section is about <B>copying</B>.</P> |
| 2868 | 202 |
| 3438 | 203 <UL> |
| 6960 | 204 <LI><B>Video stream</B> (option <CODE>-ovc copy</CODE>): nice stuff can be |
| 205 done :)<BR> | |
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206 Like, putting (not converting) FLI or VIVO or MPEG1 video into |
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207 an AVI file. Of course only <B>MPlayer</B> can play such files :) And it |
| 6960 | 208 probably has no real life value at all. Rationally: video stream copying |
| 209 can be useful for example when only the audio stream has to be encoded | |
| 210 (like, uncompressed PCM to MP3).</LI> | |
| 3438 | 211 |
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212 <LI><B>Audio stream</B> (option <CODE>-oac copy</CODE>): straightforward. |
| 6960 | 213 It is possible to take an external audio file (MP3, Vorbis) and mux it |
| 214 into the output stream. Use the <CODE>-audiofile <filename></CODE> | |
| 215 option for this.</LI> | |
| 3438 | 216 </UL> |
| 217 | |
| 4680 | 218 |
| 7054 | 219 <H4><A NAME="fixing">2.4.2.4 Fixing AVIs with broken index or interleaving</A></H4> |
| 3583 | 220 |
| 221 <P>Easiest thing. We simply copy the video and audio streams, and | |
| 6960 | 222 <B>MEncoder</B> generates the index. Of course this cannot fix possible bugs |
| 223 in the video and/or audio streams. It also fixes files with broken | |
| 224 interleaving, thus the <CODE>-ni</CODE> option won't be needed for them | |
| 225 anymore.</P> | |
| 3583 | 226 |
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227 <P>Command: <CODE>mencoder -idx input.avi -ovc copy -oac copy -o output.avi</CODE></P> |
| 3583 | 228 |
| 3721 | 229 |
| 7054 | 230 <H4><A NAME="libavcodec">2.4.2.5 Encoding with the libavcodec codec family</A></H4> |
| 3721 | 231 |
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232 <P><A HREF="codecs.html#libavcodec">libavcodec</A> provides simple encoding to a |
| 6960 | 233 lot of interesting video and audio formats (currently its audio codecs are |
| 234 unsupported). You can encode to the following codecs:</P> | |
| 3721 | 235 |
| 236 <UL> | |
| 237 <LI>mjpeg - Motion JPEG</LI> | |
| 3774 | 238 <LI>h263 - H263</LI> |
| 3721 | 239 <LI>h263p - H263 Plus</LI> |
| 240 <LI>mpeg4 - DivX4</LI> | |
| 241 <LI>msmpeg4 - the old DivX</LI> | |
| 5973 | 242 <LI>msmpeg4v2 - Micro$oft MPEG4 V2 (DivX alias MP43 predecessor)</LI> |
| 3721 | 243 <LI>rv10 - an old RealVideo codec</LI> |
| 244 <LI>mpeg1video - MPEG1 video :)</LI> | |
| 245 </UL> | |
| 246 | |
| 247 <P>The first column contains the codec names that should be passed after the | |
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248 <CODE>vcodec</CODE> config, like: <CODE>-lavcopts vcodec=msmpeg4</CODE></P> |
| 3721 | 249 |
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250 <P>An example, with MJPEG compression:<BR> |
| 6960 | 251 <CODE> mencoder -dvd 2 -o title2.avi -ovc lavc |
| 252 -lavcopts vcodec=mjpeg</CODE></P> | |
| 3912 | 253 |
| 4680 | 254 |
| 7054 | 255 <H4><A NAME="image_files">2.4.2.6 Encoding from multiple input image files (JPEGs or PNGs)</A></H4> |
| 4919 | 256 |
| 257 <P><B>MEncoder</B> is capable of creating movies from one or more JPEG or PNG | |
| 258 files. With simple framecopy it can create MJPEG (Motion JPEG) or MPNG | |
| 259 (Motion PNG) files.</P> | |
| 260 | |
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261 Explanation of the process: |
| 4919 | 262 |
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263 <OL> |
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264 <LI><B>MEncoder</B> <I>decodes</I> the input image(s) with <CODE>libjpeg</CODE> |
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265 (when decoding PNGs, it will use <B>libpng</B>).</LI> |
| 4919 | 266 |
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267 <LI><B>MEncoder</B> then feeds the decoded image to the chosen video compressor |
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268 (DivX4, Xvid, ffmpeg msmpeg4, etc...). Watch for the PNG decoder, as |
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269 currently it can output only to RGB formats, thus can't be used with codecs |
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270 that require YUV as input, like DivX4 or ffmpeg's msmpeg4.</LI> |
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271 </OL> |
| 4919 | 272 |
| 7047 | 273 <H4>Examples</H4> |
| 4919 | 274 |
| 275 <P>The explanation of the <CODE>-mf</CODE> option can be found below in the | |
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276 global <A HREF="#options">Options</A> section and in the man page.</P> |
| 4919 | 277 |
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278 <P><I>Creating a DivX4 file from all the JPEG files in the current dir:</I><BR> |
| 6154 | 279 <CODE>mencoder \*.jpg -mf on:w=800:h=600:fps=25 -ovc divx4 -o |
| 4919 | 280 output.avi</CODE></P> |
| 281 | |
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282 <P><I>Creating a DivX4 file from some JPEG files in the current dir:</I><BR> |
| 5378 | 283 <CODE>mencoder frame001.jpg,frame002.jpg -mf on:w=800:h=600:fps=25 -ovc divx4 -o |
| 284 output.avi</CODE></P> | |
| 285 | |
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286 <P><I>Creating a Motion JPEG (MJPEG) file from all the JPEG files in the current dir:</I><BR> |
| 4919 | 287 <CODE>mencoder \*.jpg -mf on:w=800:h=600:fps=25 -ovc copy |
| 288 -o output.avi</CODE></P> | |
| 289 | |
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290 <P><I>Creating an uncompressed file from all the PNG files in the current dir:</I><BR> |
| 4919 | 291 <CODE>mencoder \*.png -mf on:w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=png -ovc raw -o |
| 292 output.avi</CODE></P> | |
| 293 | |
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294 <P><I>Creating a Motion PNG (MPNG) file from all the PNG files in the current dir:</I><BR> |
| 4919 | 295 <CODE>mencoder \*.png -mf on:w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=png -ovc copy |
| 296 -o output.avi</CODE></P> | |
| 297 | |
| 298 | |
| 7054 | 299 <H4><A NAME="vobsub">2.4.2.7 Extracting DVD subtitles to Vobsub file</A></H4> |
| 6711 | 300 |
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301 <P><B>MEncoder</B> is capable of extracting subtitles from a DVD into |
| 6960 | 302 Vobsub fomat files. They consist of a pair of files ending in |
| 303 <CODE>.idx</CODE> and <CODE>.sub</CODE> and are usually packaged in a single | |
| 304 <CODE>.rar</CODE> archive. <B>MPlayer</B> can play these with the | |
| 305 <CODE>-vobsub</CODE> and <CODE>-vobsubid</CODE> options.</P> | |
| 6711 | 306 |
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307 <P>You specify the basename (i.e without the <CODE>.idx</CODE> or |
| 6960 | 308 <CODE>.sub</CODE> extension) of the output files with <CODE>-vobsubout</CODE> |
| 309 and the index for this subtitle in the resulting files with | |
| 310 <CODE>-vobsuboutindex</CODE>.</P> | |
| 6711 | 311 |
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312 <P>If the input is not from a DVD you should use <CODE>-ifo</CODE> to |
| 6960 | 313 indicate the <CODE>.ifo</CODE> file needed to construct the resulting |
| 314 <CODE>.idx</CODE> file.</P> | |
| 6711 | 315 |
| 6960 | 316 <P>If the input is not from a DVD and you do not have the <CODE>.ifo</CODE> |
| 317 file you will need to use the <CODE>-vobsubid</CODE> option to let it know | |
| 318 what language id to put in the <CODE>.idx</CODE> file.</P> | |
| 6711 | 319 |
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320 <P>Each run will append the running subtitle if the <CODE>.idx</CODE> and |
| 6960 | 321 <CODE>.sub</CODE> files already exist. So you should remove any before |
| 322 starting.</P> | |
| 6711 | 323 |
| 7047 | 324 <H4>Examples</H4> |
| 6711 | 325 |
| 326 <P><I>Copying two subtitles from a DVD while doing 3-pass encoding</I><BR> | |
| 6960 | 327 <CODE>rm subtitles.idx subtitles.sub</CODE><BR> |
| 328 <CODE>mencoder -dvd 1 -vobsubout subtitles -vobsuboutindex 0 | |
| 329 -sid 2 -o frameno.avi -ovc frameno</CODE><BR> | |
| 330 <CODE>mencoder -dvd 1 -oac copy -ovc divx4 -pass 1</CODE><BR> | |
| 331 <CODE>mencoder -dvd 1 -oac copy -ovc divx4 -pass 2 -vobsubout | |
| 332 subtitles -vobsuboutindex 1 -sid 5</CODE></P> | |
| 6711 | 333 |
| 334 <P><I>Copying a french subtitle from an MPEG file</I><BR> | |
| 6960 | 335 <CODE>rm subtitles.idx subtitles.sub</CODE><BR> |
| 336 <CODE>mencoder movie.mpg -ifo movie.ifo -vobsubout subtitles | |
| 337 -vobsuboutindex 0 -vobsuboutid fr -sid 1</CODE></P> | |
| 6711 | 338 |
| 7047 | 339 |
| 7054 | 340 <H3><A NAME="options">2.4.3 Available options</A></H3> |
| 4680 | 341 |
| 7048 | 342 <P>For the complete list of available <B>MEncoder</B> options and examples, please |
| 343 see the man page.</P> | |
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344 |
| 2674 | 345 </BODY> |
| 346 </HTML> |