Mercurial > mplayer.hg
annotate DOCS/xml/pl/audio.xml @ 11717:5198561b0c04
synced&additional wording
author | paszczi |
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date | Thu, 01 Jan 2004 18:30:24 +0000 |
parents | 9c3dbd952c2f |
children | 5ef72513348f |
rev | line source |
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1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-2"?> |
11717 | 2 <!-- synced with 1.13 --> |
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3 <sect2 id="audio-dev"> |
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4 <title>Urządzenia wyjściowe audio</title> |
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5 <sect3 id="sync"> |
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6 <title>Synchronizacja Audio/Video</title> |
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7 |
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8 |
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9 <para> |
11469 | 10 Interfejs audio <application>MPlayera</application> nazywa się |
11 <emphasis>libao2</emphasis>. Obecnie zawiera on następujące sterowniki: | |
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12 </para> |
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13 |
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14 <informaltable> |
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15 <tgroup cols="2"> |
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16 <thead> |
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17 <row><entry>Sterownik</entry><entry>Komentarz</entry></row> |
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18 </thead> |
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19 <tbody> |
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20 <row><entry>oss</entry><entry> |
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21 sterownik OSS (ioctl, sprzętowa obsługa AC3) |
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22 </entry></row> |
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23 <row><entry>sdl</entry><entry> |
11717 | 24 sterownik SDL (obsługuje takie demony dźwięku jak: <emphasis role="bold">ESD</emphasis> |
25 i <emphasis role="bold">ARTS</emphasis>) | |
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26 </entry></row> |
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27 <row><entry>nas</entry><entry> |
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28 sterownik NAS (Network Audio System) |
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29 </entry></row> |
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30 <row><entry>alsa5</entry><entry> |
11717 | 31 rdzenny sterownik ALSA 0.5 |
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32 </entry></row> |
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33 <row><entry>alsa9</entry><entry> |
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34 rdzenny sterownik ALSA 0.9 (sprzętowa obsługa AC3) |
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35 </entry></row> |
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36 <row><entry>sun</entry><entry> |
11717 | 37 rdzenny sterownik dźwięku SUN (<filename>/dev/audio</filename>) dla użytkowników |
38 BSD i Solarisa 8 | |
11127
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39 </entry></row> |
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40 <row><entry>macosx</entry><entry> |
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41 rdzenny sterownik MacOSX |
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42 </entry></row> |
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43 <row><entry>win32</entry><entry> |
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44 rdzenny sterownik Win32 |
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45 </entry></row> |
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46 <row><entry>arts</entry><entry> |
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47 rdzenny sterownik ARTS (głównie dla użytkowników KDE) |
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48 </entry></row> |
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49 <row><entry>esd</entry><entry> |
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50 rdzenny sterownik ESD (głównie dla użytkowników GNOMEa) |
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51 </entry></row> |
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52 </tbody> |
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53 </tgroup> |
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54 </informaltable> |
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55 |
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56 <para> |
11717 | 57 Sterowniki kart dźwiękowych przeznaczone dla Linuksa mają problemy |
58 związane z kompatybilnością. Dzieje się tak, ponieważ <application>MPlayer</application> | |
59 korzysta z wbudowanych właściwości <emphasis>poprawnie</emphasis> napisanych | |
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60 sterowników dźwięku, które prawidłowo obsługują synchronizację audio/video. |
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61 Niestety, niektórzy autorzy sterowników nie uwzględniają tej cechy, ponieważ |
11717 | 62 nie jest ona potrzebna do odtwarzania efektów dźwiękowych i plików MP3. |
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63 </para> |
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64 |
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65 <para> |
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66 Inne odtwarzacze, takie jak: <ulink url="http://avifile.sourceforge.net">aviplay</ulink> |
11717 | 67 czy <ulink url="http://xine.sourceforge.net">xine</ulink> prawdopodobnie działają |
68 od razu z tymi sterownikami, ponieważ używają "prostych" metod synchronizacji | |
69 korzystających z wewnętrznego zegara. Testy pokazały, że ich metody nie są tak | |
70 wydajne jak <application>MPlayera</application>. | |
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71 </para> |
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72 |
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73 <para> |
11717 | 74 Używanie <application>MPlayera</application> z poprawnie napisanym sterownikiem |
11469 | 75 dźwięku, nigdy nie zaowocuje desynchronizacją A/V z powodu dźwięku, chyba że |
76 odtwarzany plik został utworzony w niewłaściwy sposób lub jest popsuty | |
77 (na stronie man znajdziesz możliwe rozwiązania tego problemu). | |
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78 </para> |
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79 |
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80 <para> |
11717 | 81 Jeśli masz kiepski sterownik dźwięku, spróbuj użyć opcji <option>-autosync</option>. |
82 Powinna ona rozwiązać Twój problem. Dokładniejsze informacje znajdziesz na stronie | |
83 man. | |
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84 </para> |
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85 |
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86 <itemizedlist> |
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87 <title>Kilka uwag:</title> |
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88 <listitem><para> |
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89 Jeśli posiadasz sterownik OSS, spróbuj najpierw opcji <option>-ao oss</option> |
11717 | 90 (domyślna). Jeżeli zauważysz niestabilne działanie systemu, jego ciągłe |
11469 | 91 zawieszanie się lub inne dziwne zachowanie, wypróbuj <option>-ao sdl</option> |
11717 | 92 (UWAGA: potrzebujesz zainstalowanych bibliotek i plików nagłówkowych SDL). |
93 Sterownik SDL pomaga w wielu wypadkach, a dodatkowo obsługuje ESD (GNOME) i ARTS (KDE). | |
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94 </para></listitem> |
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95 <listitem><para> |
11717 | 96 Jeżeli posiadasz sterowniki ALSA w wersji 0.5, prawie zawsze konieczne będzie |
11469 | 97 użycie <option>-ao alsa5</option>, ponieważ ich kod emulacji OSS jest wadliwy i |
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98 spowoduje <emphasis role="bold">błąd <application>MPlayera</application></emphasis> |
11469 | 99 wyświetlając komunikat o treści podobnej do tej: |
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100 <screen> |
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101 DEMUXER: Za dużo (945 w 8390980 bajtach) pakietów video w buforze! |
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102 (DEMUXER: Too many (945 in 8390980 bytes) video packets in the buffer!)<!-- |
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103 --></screen> |
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104 </para></listitem> |
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105 <listitem><para> |
11469 | 106 Na Solarisie konieczne jest użycie sterownika SUN przy pomocy opcji |
107 <option>-ao sun</option>, w przeciwnym wypadku nie będzie działać ani audio, | |
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108 ani video. |
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109 </para></listitem> |
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110 <listitem><para> |
11469 | 111 Jeśli dźwięk przerywany jest krótkimi trzaskami podczas odtwarzania z CD-ROMu, |
11717 | 112 włącz odmaskowywanie przerwań, wpisując np. <command>hdparm -u1 /dev/cdrom</command> |
113 (<command>man hdparm</command>). Jest to bardzo przydatne i opisane bardziej | |
11494 | 114 szczegółowo w sekcji dotyczącej <link linkend="drives">CD-ROMu</link>. |
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115 </para></listitem> |
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116 </itemizedlist> |
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117 </sect3> |
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118 |
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119 <sect3 id="experiences"> |
11469 | 120 <title>Doświadczenia związane z użytkowaniem kart dźwiękowych i zalecenia</title> |
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121 <para> |
11717 | 122 Przy stosowaniu Linuksa, zalecamy jądro z serii 2.4.x. Jądro w wersji 2.2 nie było |
123 testowane. | |
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124 </para> |
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125 |
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126 <para> |
11469 | 127 Sterowniki kart dźwiękowych w Linuksie są dostarczane głównie przez |
128 wolną wersję OSS. Sterowniki te zostały zastąpione w wersji rozwojowej jądra 2.5 | |
129 przez system <ulink url="http://www.alsa-project.org">ALSA</ulink> | |
130 (Advanced Linux Sound Architecture). Jeżeli Twoja dystrybucja nie używa jeszcze | |
131 ALSA, możesz chcieć ją wypróbować, jeżeli będziesz miał jakieś kłopoty | |
132 z dźwiękiem. Sterowniki ALSA generalnie przewyższają OSS pod względem zgodności, | |
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133 wydajności i możliwości, Jednak niektóre karty są obsługiwane wyłącznie przez |
11469 | 134 komercyjną wersję OSS z witryny |
135 <ulink url="http://www.opensound.com/">4Front Technologies</ulink>. | |
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136 Obsługuje ona również kilka innych systemów poza Linuksem. |
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137 </para> |
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138 |
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139 <informaltable> |
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140 <tgroup cols="8"> |
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141 <colspec colname="c1"/> |
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142 <colspec colname="c2"/> |
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143 <colspec colname="c3"/> |
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144 <colspec colname="c4"/> |
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145 <colspec colname="c5"/> |
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146 <colspec colname="c6"/> |
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147 <colspec colname="c7"/> |
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148 <colspec colname="c8"/> |
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149 <spanspec spanname="driver" namest="c2" nameend="c5"/> |
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150 <spanspec spanname="ossfree" namest="c2" nameend="c2"/> |
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151 <spanspec spanname="alsa" namest="c3" nameend="c3"/> |
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152 <spanspec spanname="osspro" namest="c4" nameend="c4"/> |
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153 <spanspec spanname="others" namest="c5" nameend="c5"/> |
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154 <thead> |
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155 <row> |
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156 <entry morerows="2" valign="middle">KARTA DŹWIĘKOWA</entry> |
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157 <entry spanname="driver">STEROWNIK</entry> |
11469 | 158 <entry morerows="2" valign="middle">Maks. częstotliwość (kHz)</entry> |
159 <entry morerows="2" valign="middle">Maks. liczba kanałów</entry> | |
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160 <entry morerows="2" valign="middle">Maks. liczba aplikacji |
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161 <footnote id="maxopens"> |
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162 <para>liczba aplikacji, które mogą <emphasis>jednocześnie</emphasis> |
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163 używać urządzenia.</para> |
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164 </footnote> |
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165 </entry> |
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166 </row> |
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167 |
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168 <row> |
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169 <entry spanname="ossfree">OSS/Free</entry> |
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170 <entry spanname="alsa">ALSA</entry> |
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171 <entry spanname="osspro">OSS/Pro</entry> |
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172 <entry spanname="others">inne</entry> |
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173 </row> |
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174 </thead> |
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175 |
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176 <tbody> |
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177 <row> |
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178 <entry>Zintegrowane karty VIA (686/A/B, 8233, 8235)</entry> |
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179 <entry> |
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180 <ulink url="http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=3242&release_id=59602">via82cxxx_audio</ulink> |
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181 </entry> |
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182 <entry>snd-via82xx</entry> |
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183 <entry></entry> |
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184 <entry></entry> |
11469 | 185 <entry>4-48 kHz lub wyłącznie 48 kHz, w zależności od układu</entry> |
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186 <entry></entry> |
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187 <entry></entry> |
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188 </row> |
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189 |
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190 <row> |
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191 <entry>Aureal Vortex 2</entry> |
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192 <entry>brak</entry> |
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193 <entry>brak</entry> |
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194 <entry>OK</entry> |
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195 <entry> |
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196 <ulink url="http://aureal.sourceforge.net">Sterowniki do Aureala dla Linuksa </ulink> |
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197 <ulink url="http://makacs.poliod.hu/~pontscho/aureal/au88xx-1.1.3.tar.bz2"> bufor zwiększony do 32k</ulink> |
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198 </entry> |
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199 <entry>48</entry> |
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200 <entry>4.1</entry> |
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201 <entry>5+</entry> |
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202 </row> |
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203 |
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204 <row> |
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205 <entry>SB Live!</entry> |
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206 <entry>Wyjście analogowe-OK, SP/DIF nie działa</entry> |
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207 <entry>Oba działają</entry> |
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208 <entry>Oba działają</entry> |
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209 <entry> |
11469 | 210 <ulink url="http://opensource.creative.com">Sterowniki OSS Creative'a (obsługa SP/DIF)</ulink> |
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211 </entry> |
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212 <entry>192</entry> |
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213 <entry>4.0/5.1</entry> |
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214 <entry>32</entry> |
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215 </row> |
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216 |
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217 <row> |
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218 <entry>SB 128 PCI (es1371)</entry> |
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219 <entry>OK</entry> |
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220 <entry>?</entry> |
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221 <entry></entry> |
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222 <entry></entry> |
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223 <entry>48</entry> |
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224 <entry>stereo</entry> |
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225 <entry>2</entry> |
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226 </row> |
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227 |
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228 <row> |
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229 <entry>SB AWE 64</entry> |
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230 <entry>max 44kHz</entry> |
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231 <entry>źle brzmi na 48kHz</entry> |
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232 <entry></entry> |
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233 <entry></entry> |
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234 <entry>48</entry> |
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235 <entry></entry> |
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236 <entry></entry> |
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237 </row> |
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238 |
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239 <row> |
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240 <entry>GUS PnP</entry> |
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241 <entry>brak</entry> |
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242 <entry>OK</entry> |
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243 <entry>OK</entry> |
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244 <entry></entry> |
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245 <entry>48</entry> |
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246 <entry></entry> |
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247 <entry></entry> |
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248 </row> |
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249 |
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250 <row> |
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251 <entry>Gravis UltraSound ACE</entry> |
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252 <entry></entry> |
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253 <entry></entry> |
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254 <entry></entry> |
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255 <entry></entry> |
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256 <entry></entry> |
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257 <entry></entry> |
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258 <entry></entry> |
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259 </row> |
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260 |
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261 <row> |
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262 <entry>Gravis UltraSound MAX</entry> |
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263 <entry>OK</entry> |
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264 <entry>OK (?)</entry> |
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265 <entry></entry> |
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266 <entry></entry> |
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267 <entry>48</entry> |
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268 <entry></entry> |
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269 <entry></entry> |
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270 </row> |
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271 |
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272 <row> |
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273 <entry>ESS 688</entry> |
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274 <entry>OK</entry> |
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275 <entry>OK (?)</entry> |
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276 <entry></entry> |
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277 <entry></entry> |
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278 <entry>48</entry> |
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279 <entry></entry> |
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280 <entry></entry> |
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281 </row> |
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282 |
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283 <row> |
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284 <entry>Karty C-Media (CMI8338/8738)</entry> |
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285 <entry>OK</entry> |
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286 <entry>OK SP/DIF jest obsługiwane przez ALSA 0.9.x</entry> |
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287 <entry>?</entry> |
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288 <entry></entry> |
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289 <entry>44</entry> |
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290 <entry>stereo</entry> |
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291 <entry>1</entry> |
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292 </row> |
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293 |
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294 <row> |
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295 <entry>Karty Yamaha (*ymf*)</entry> |
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296 <entry>złe (?) (może <option>-ao sdl</option>)</entry> |
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297 <entry>Działa poprawnie tylko z ALSA 0.5 z włączoną emulacją OSS |
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298 <emphasis role="bold">i</emphasis> <option>-ao sdl</option> (!) (?)</entry> |
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299 <entry></entry> |
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300 <entry></entry> |
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301 <entry></entry> |
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302 <entry></entry> |
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303 <entry></entry> |
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304 </row> |
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305 |
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306 <row> |
11469 | 307 <entry>Karty z układem envy24 (np. Terratec EWS88MT)</entry> |
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308 <entry>?</entry> |
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309 <entry>?</entry> |
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310 <entry>OK</entry> |
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311 <entry></entry> |
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312 <entry>?</entry> |
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313 <entry></entry> |
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314 <entry></entry> |
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315 </row> |
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316 |
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317 <row> |
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318 <entry>PC Speaker lub DAC</entry> |
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319 <entry>OK</entry> |
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320 <entry>brak</entry> |
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321 <entry></entry> |
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322 <entry> |
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323 <ulink url="http://www.geocities.com/stssppnn/pcsp.html">Sterowniki do PC speakera dla Linuksa (OSS)</ulink> |
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324 </entry> |
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325 <entry>Sterownik emuluje 44.1, może więcej.</entry> |
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326 <entry>mono</entry> |
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327 <entry>1</entry> |
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328 </row> |
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329 |
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330 </tbody> |
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331 </tgroup> |
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332 </informaltable> |
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333 |
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334 <para> |
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335 Pomoc przy tworzeniu tego dokumentu jest mile widziana. Powiedz jak |
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336 <application>MPlayer</application> i Twoja karta dźwiękowa |
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337 (karty dźwiękowe) współpracują razem. |
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338 </para> |
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339 </sect3> |
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340 |
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341 |
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342 <sect3 id="af"> |
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343 <title>Filtry audio</title> |
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344 <para> |
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345 Stare wtyczki audio zostały wyparte przez nową warstwę filtrów dźwiękowych. |
11717 | 346 Można ich używać do zmiany właściwości danych audio zanim dźwięk dotrze do |
347 karty. Ich uruchamianie i wyłączanie odbywa się przeważnie automatycznie, | |
11469 | 348 można to jednak zmienić. Filtry włączane są wtedy, gdy cechy dźwięku |
11717 | 349 różnią się od tych wymaganych przez urządzenie audio, w przeciwnym wypadku |
11469 | 350 procedura ta jest pomijana. Opcja <option>-af filter1,filter2,...</option> |
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351 używana jest do nadpisania automatycznych ustawień lub do zastosowania |
11717 | 352 dodatkowych. Kolejność stosowania filtrów uzależniona jest od kolejności |
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353 w ciągu oddzielonych od siebie przecinkami wartości. |
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354 </para> |
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355 |
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356 <para> |
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357 Przykład: |
11717 | 358 <screen>mplayer -af resample,pan <replaceable>film.avi</replaceable></screen> |
359 uruchomi dźwięk poprzez filtr zmieniający częstotliwość próbkowania (resample filter) | |
360 a następnie poprzez filtr pan. Zauważ, że lista nie może zawierać żadnych spacji, | |
361 inaczej zostanie błędnie zinterpretowana przez program. | |
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362 </para> |
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363 |
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364 <para> |
11717 | 365 Filtry często posiadają opcje zmieniające ich zachowanie. Są one dokładniej |
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366 opisane w sekcji poniżej. Jeżeli pominie się parametry, to filtr uruchomi się |
11469 | 367 z ustawieniami domyślnymi. Poniżej przedstawiony jest przykład, jak używać |
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368 filtrów wraz z ich opcjami: |
11717 | 369 <screen> |
370 mplayer -af resample=11025,pan=1:0.5:0.5 -channels 1 -srate 11025 <replaceable>film.avi</replaceable> | |
371 </screen> | |
372 ustawi częstotliwość wyjściową filtru zmieniającego próbkowanie (resample filter) | |
11469 | 373 na 11025Hz i zmiksuje dźwięk do jednego kanału używając filtru pan. |
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374 </para> |
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375 |
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376 <para> |
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377 Ogólną kontrolę nad warstwą filtrów daje opcja <option>-af-adv</option>. |
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378 Zawiera ona dwie dodatkowe opcje: |
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379 </para> |
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380 |
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381 <para> |
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382 <option>force</option> jest polem bitowym, które określa jak filtry |
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383 są stosowane i jakiej optymalizacji prędkości/dokładności używają: |
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384 </para> |
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385 |
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386 <variablelist> |
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387 <varlistentry> |
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388 <term><option>0</option></term> |
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389 <listitem><para> |
11717 | 390 Użyj automatycznego stosowania filtrów i optymalizuj względem szybkości procesora. |
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391 </para></listitem> |
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392 </varlistentry> |
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393 |
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394 <varlistentry> |
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395 <term><option>1</option></term> |
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396 <listitem><para> |
11717 | 397 Użyj automatycznego stosowania filtrów i optymalizuj tak, aby osiągnąć największą |
398 prędkość. | |
399 <emphasis>Uwaga:</emphasis> Niektóre możliwości filtrów audio mogą nie zadziałać i | |
400 jakość dźwięku spadnie. | |
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401 </para></listitem> |
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402 </varlistentry> |
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403 |
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404 <varlistentry> |
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405 <term><option>2</option></term> |
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406 <listitem><para> |
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407 Użyj automatycznego stosowania filtrów i optymalizuj pod kątem jak największej |
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408 jakości. |
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409 </para></listitem> |
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410 </varlistentry> |
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411 |
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412 <varlistentry> |
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413 <term><option>3</option></term> |
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414 <listitem><para> |
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415 Nie używaj automatycznego stosowania filtrów i nie optymalizuj. |
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416 <emphasis>Uwaga:</emphasis> Jeśli używasz tego ustawienia, możliwe jest |
11717 | 417 wystąpienie błędów podczas działania <application>MPlayera</application> i jego zakończenie. |
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418 </para></listitem> |
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419 </varlistentry> |
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420 |
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421 <varlistentry> |
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422 <term><option>4</option></term> |
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423 <listitem><para> |
11469 | 424 Użyj automatycznego stosowania filtrów (tak jak dla 0), jednak użyj obliczeń |
425 zmiennoprzecinkowych, jeśli to możliwe. | |
11127
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426 </para></listitem> |
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427 </varlistentry> |
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428 |
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429 <varlistentry> |
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430 <term><option>5</option></term> |
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431 <listitem><para> |
11469 | 432 Użyj automatycznego stosowania filtrów (tak jak dla 1), jednak użyj obliczeń |
433 zmiennoprzecinkowych, jeśli to możliwe. | |
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434 </para></listitem> |
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435 </varlistentry> |
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436 |
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437 <varlistentry> |
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438 <term><option>6</option></term> |
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439 <listitem><para> |
11469 | 440 Użyj automatycznego stosowania filtrów (tak jak dla 2), jednak użyj obliczeń |
441 zmiennoprzecinkowych, jeśli to możliwe. | |
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442 </para></listitem> |
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443 </varlistentry> |
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444 |
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445 <varlistentry> |
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446 <term><option>7</option></term> |
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447 <listitem><para> |
11469 | 448 Użyj automatycznego stosowania filtrów (tak jak dla 3), jednak użyj obliczeń |
449 zmiennoprzecinkowych, jeśli to możliwe. | |
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450 </para></listitem> |
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451 </varlistentry> |
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452 </variablelist> |
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453 |
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454 <para> |
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455 <option>list</option> jest aliasem dla opcji -af. |
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456 </para> |
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457 |
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458 <para> |
11469 | 459 Na zachowanie warstwy filtrów wpływają również niżej podane, standardowe opcje: |
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460 </para> |
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461 |
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462 <variablelist> |
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463 <varlistentry> |
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464 <term><option>-v</option></term> |
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465 <listitem><para> |
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466 Zwiększa poziom "gadatliwości" i sprawia, że większość filtrów drukuje dodatkowe |
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467 komunikaty. |
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468 </para></listitem> |
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469 </varlistentry> |
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470 |
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471 <varlistentry> |
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472 <term><option>-channels</option></term> |
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473 <listitem><para> |
11469 | 474 Ustawia liczbę kanałów wyjściowych, których ma używać Twoja karta. |
475 Ma ona również wpływ na liczbę kanałów, które są dekodowane z | |
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476 nośnika danych. Jeśli zawiera on mniej kanałów, filtr kanałów (channels filter) |
11469 | 477 zostanie automatycznie użyty (zobacz poniżej). Przekierowywanie kanałów będzie |
478 ustawione domyślnie. | |
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479 </para></listitem> |
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480 </varlistentry> |
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481 |
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482 <varlistentry> |
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483 <term><option>-srate</option></term> |
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484 <listitem><para> |
11717 | 485 Ustawia częstotliwość próbkowania, której ma używać Twoja karta |
486 (oczywiście karty mają swoje ograniczenia). Jeżeli poziom próbkowania Twojej | |
487 karty różni się od tego stosowanego w nośniku, zostanie włączony filtr zmieniający | |
488 próbkowanie (resample filter, zobacz poniżej), aby zniwelować różnice. | |
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489 </para></listitem> |
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490 </varlistentry> |
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491 |
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492 <varlistentry> |
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493 <term><option>-format</option></term> |
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494 <listitem><para> |
11469 | 495 Ustawia format próbki pomiędzy filtrem audio a kartą dźwiękową. |
11717 | 496 Jeżeli żądany format próbki dla karty jest inny niż format zawierający się w nośniku, |
497 zostanie zastosowany filtr formatu (format filter, zobacz poniżej), aby zniwelować | |
498 różnice. | |
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499 </para></listitem> |
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500 </varlistentry> |
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501 </variablelist> |
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502 |
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503 <sect4 id="af_resample"> |
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504 <title>Zmniejszenie/Zwiększenie częstotliwości próbkowania (Up/Downsampling)</title> |
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505 |
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506 <para> |
11543 | 507 <application>MPlayer</application> w pełni obsługuje zmniejszanie/zwiększanie |
508 częstotliwości (up/downsampling) poprzez filtr zmieniający częstotliwość | |
11717 | 509 próbkowania - <option>resample</option> filter. Może on być użyty, jeżeli |
510 masz stałą częstotliwość na karcie, albo jeżeli nie jest ona w stanie obsłużyć | |
511 więcej niż 44.1kHz. Filtr jest automatycznie uruchamiany, jeżeli jest to | |
512 konieczne, ale może również zostać włączony z poziomu linii poleceń. | |
11469 | 513 Ma on trzy opcje: |
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514 </para> |
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515 |
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516 <variablelist> |
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517 <varlistentry> |
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518 <term><option>srate <8000-192000></option></term> |
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519 <listitem><para> |
11717 | 520 jest to liczba całkowita, używana do określenia wyjściowej częstotliwości |
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521 próbkowania w Hz. Przyjmuje wartości z zakresu od 8kHz do 192kHz. Jeżeli |
11717 | 522 częstotliwość wejściowa i wyjściowa są takie same albo jeżeli ten parametr |
523 jest pominięty, filtr jest wyłączany. Wysoka częstotliwość przeważnie zwiększa | |
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524 jakość dźwięku, szczególnie jeżeli filtr jest użyty wraz z innymi. |
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525 </para></listitem> |
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526 </varlistentry> |
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527 |
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528 <varlistentry> |
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529 <term><option>sloppy</option></term> |
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530 <listitem><para> |
11717 | 531 jest dodatkowym parametrem binarnym, który pozwala na małą różnicę między |
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532 częstotliwością wyjściową a tą podaną przez <option>srate</option>. Opcja |
11717 | 533 ta może zostać użyta jeżeli początek odtwarzania jest bardzo wolny. Jest |
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534 standardowo uruchomiony. |
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535 </para></listitem> |
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536 </varlistentry> |
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537 |
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538 |
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539 <varlistentry> |
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540 <term><option>type <0-2></option></term> |
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541 <listitem><para> |
11717 | 542 jest dodatkową liczbą całkowitą z przedziału od <literal>0</literal> |
543 do <literal>2</literal>, która wybiera metodę zmiany częstotliwości | |
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544 próbkowania. Tutaj <literal>0</literal> przedstawia interpolację liniową |
11717 | 545 (linear interpolation), <literal>1</literal> reprezentuje metodę wielofazowego |
546 przetwarzania banku filtrów (poly-phase filter-bank processing) przy użyciu | |
547 obliczeń całkowitoliczbowych, <literal>2</literal> do zmiany częstotliwości za | |
548 pomocą wielofazowego przetwarzania banku filtrów (poly-phase filter-bank processing) | |
549 i obliczeń zmiennoprzecinkowych. Interpolacja liniowa (linear interpolation) | |
550 jest wyjątkowo szybka, jednak pogarsza jakość dźwięku szczególnie przy zwiększaniu | |
551 częstotliwości (upsampling). Najlepszą jakość daje <literal>2</literal>, | |
552 ale metoda ta wymaga największej mocy obliczeniowej. | |
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553 </para></listitem> |
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554 </varlistentry> |
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555 </variablelist> |
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556 |
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557 <para>Przykład: |
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558 <screen>mplayer -af resample=44100:0:0</screen> |
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559 ustawi częstotliwość wyjściową filtru zmieniającego częstotliwość próbkowania |
11717 | 560 (resample filter) na 44100Hz używając przy tym dokładnego skalowania częstotliwości |
561 wyjściowej oraz interpolacji liniowej (linear interpolation). | |
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562 </para> |
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563 </sect4> |
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564 |
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565 <sect4 id="af_channels"> |
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566 <title>Zmiana liczby kanałów</title> |
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567 <para> |
11469 | 568 Filtr kanałów (<option>channels</option> filter) można użyć w celu dodania |
11717 | 569 lub usunięcia kanałów, można go także użyć do kopiowania lub przekierowywania kanałów. |
570 Jest on automatycznie włączony, jeżeli wyjście warstwy audio filtrów różni się | |
571 od wejściowego lub jeśli zażądano jego uruchomienia. Filtr wyłącza się sam, | |
572 jeżeli nie jest używany. Liczba parametrów jest dynamiczna: | |
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573 </para> |
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574 |
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575 <variablelist> |
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576 <varlistentry> |
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577 <term><option>nch <1-6></option></term> |
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578 <listitem><para> |
11717 | 579 jest to liczba całkowita z zakresu od <literal>1</literal> do <literal>6</literal>, |
11469 | 580 która ustawia liczbę kanałów wyjściowych. Ta opcja jest wymagana. |
581 Nie podanie jej spowoduje błąd uruchamiania (runtime error) programu. | |
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582 </para></listitem> |
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583 </varlistentry> |
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584 |
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585 <varlistentry> |
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586 <term><option>nr <1-6></option></term> |
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587 <listitem><para> |
11717 | 588 jest to liczba całkowita z zakresu od <literal>1</literal> do <literal>6</literal>, |
11469 | 589 która używana jest do określenia liczby dróg przekierowania. Parametr ten jest |
590 opcjonalny. Jeżeli jest pominięty, stosowane jest domyślne przekierowanie. | |
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591 </para></listitem> |
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592 </varlistentry> |
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593 |
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594 <varlistentry> |
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595 <term><option>od1:do1:od2:do2:od3:do3...</option></term> |
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596 <listitem><para> |
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597 to pary liczb pomiędzy <literal>0</literal> a <literal>5</literal>, które |
11469 | 598 określają gdzie poszczególne kanały mają być przekierowywane. |
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599 </para></listitem> |
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600 </varlistentry> |
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601 </variablelist> |
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602 |
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603 <para> |
11469 | 604 Jeżeli podana jest tylko opcja <option>nch</option>, filtr używa domyślnego |
11717 | 605 przekierowywanie, które działa następująco: Jeśli liczba kanałów wyjściowych jest |
606 większa niż wejściowych, tworzone są puste kanały (w przypadku miksowania z mono | |
607 do stereo, kanał mono jest powtarzany w obu kanałach wyjściowych). Jeżeli liczba | |
608 kanałów wyjściowych jest mniejsza niż wejściowych, nadmiarowe kanały są usuwane. | |
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609 </para> |
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610 |
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611 <para> |
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612 Przykład 1: |
11717 | 613 <screen> |
614 mplayer -af channels=4:4:0:1:1:0:2:2:3:3 <replaceable>film.avi</replaceable> | |
615 </screen> | |
11469 | 616 zmieni liczbę kanałów na 4 i ustawi 4 drogi przekierowywania, które zamieniają |
617 kanał 1 z 0, a 2 i 3 pozostawiają bez zmian. Zauważ, że jeżeli odtwarzany był | |
618 nośnik zawierające 2 kanały, to kanały 2 i 3 będą puste, ale 0 i 1 nadal będą | |
619 zamienione. | |
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620 </para> |
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621 |
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622 <para> |
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623 Przykład 2: |
11717 | 624 <screen> |
625 mplayer -af channels=6:4:0:0:0:1:0:2:0:3 <replaceable>film.avi</replaceable> | |
626 </screen> | |
11469 | 627 zmieni liczbę kanałów na 6 i ustawi 4 drogi przekierowywania, które skopiują |
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628 kanał 0 do 0 i 3. Kanały 4 i 5 będą puste. |
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629 </para> |
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630 </sect4> |
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631 |
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632 <sect4 id="af_format"> |
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633 <title>Konwerter formatu próbek (sample format converter)</title> |
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634 <para> |
11469 | 635 Filtr formatu (<option>format</option> filter) przekształca jedne formaty |
11717 | 636 próbek w inne. Jest uruchamiany automatycznie, jeśli tylko jest wymagany przez |
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637 kartę lub inny filtr dźwiękowy. |
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638 </para> |
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639 |
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640 <variablelist> |
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|
641 <varlistentry> |
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|
642 <term><option>bps <numer></option></term> |
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643 <listitem><para> |
11717 | 644 może mieć wartość <literal>1</literal>, <literal>2</literal> lub |
645 <literal>4</literal>, określa liczbę bajtów przypadającą na próbkę. Parametr | |
11469 | 646 ten jest wymagany. Nie podanie go spowoduje błąd uruchamiania (runtime error). |
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647 </para></listitem> |
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|
648 </varlistentry> |
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|
649 |
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|
650 <varlistentry> |
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|
651 <term><option>f <format></option></term> |
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|
652 <listitem><para> |
11469 | 653 jest ciągiem znaków określającym format próbki. Ciąg jest kombinacją: |
11127
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|
654 <option>alaw</option>, <option>mulaw</option> lub |
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|
655 <option>imaadpcm</option>, <option>float</option> lub <option>int</option>, |
11717 | 656 <option>unsigned</option> lub <option>signed</option>, <option>le</option> lub |
657 <option>be</option> (little lub big endian). Opcja ta jest wymagana. Jej nie | |
658 podanie, spowoduje błąd podczas uruchamiania (runtime error). | |
11127
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659 </para></listitem> |
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660 </varlistentry> |
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|
661 </variablelist> |
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|
662 |
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663 <para> |
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664 Przykład: |
11717 | 665 <screen> |
666 mplayer -af format=4:float <replaceable>film.avi</replaceable> | |
667 </screen> | |
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668 ustawi format wyjściowy na 4 bajty danych zmiennoprzecinkowych przypadających na próbkę. |
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669 </para> |
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670 </sect4> |
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changeset
|
671 |
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|
672 <sect4 id="af_delay"> |
11469 | 673 <title>Opóźnienie (delay)</title> |
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674 <para> |
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675 Filtr opóźniający (<option>delay</option> filter) opóźnia dźwięk zmierzający do |
11717 | 676 głośników, tak żeby strumienie dźwiękowe z różnych kanałów dotarły do nich |
677 jednocześnie. Jest to użyteczne, jeżeli masz więcej niż 2 głośniki. Filtr | |
11127
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678 ma kilka opcji: |
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679 </para> |
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680 |
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681 <variablelist> |
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682 <varlistentry> |
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683 <term><option>d1:d2:d3...</option></term> |
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684 <listitem><para> |
11469 | 685 są liczbami rzeczywistymi określającymi opóźnienie w milisekundach, |
11717 | 686 które powinno być zastosowane do każdego kanału. Minimalna wartość to 0ms a |
11127
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687 maksymalna to 1000ms. |
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688 </para></listitem> |
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689 </varlistentry> |
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690 </variablelist> |
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changeset
|
691 |
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|
692 <para> |
11469 | 693 Aby obliczyć opóźnienie dla poszczególnych kanałów, wykonaj następuje czynności: |
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694 </para> |
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695 |
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696 <orderedlist> |
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697 <listitem><para> |
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698 Oblicz odległość od głośników do pozycji słuchacza (w metrach), to da Ci |
11717 | 699 wartości od s1 do s5 (dla systemu 5.1). Nie ma sensu brać pod uwagę |
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700 subwoofera (i tak nie usłyszysz różnicy). |
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701 </para></listitem> |
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|
702 <listitem><para> |
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703 Odejmij odległość od s1 do s5 od odległości maksymalnej tzn. |
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704 s[i] = max(s) - s[i]; i = 1...5 |
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705 </para></listitem> |
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706 <listitem><para> |
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707 Oblicz opóźnienia w następujący sposób |
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708 d[i] = 1000*s[i]/342; i = 1...5 |
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|
709 </para></listitem> |
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|
710 </orderedlist> |
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711 |
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712 <para> |
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713 Przykład: |
11717 | 714 <screen> |
715 mplayer -af delay=10.5:10.5:0:0:7:0 <replaceable>film.avi</replaceable> | |
716 </screen> | |
11471
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Correct some of my corrections as discussed with Torinthiel.
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11469
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|
717 opóźni lewy i prawy przedni głośnik o 10.5ms, dwa tylne i subwoofer o 0ms a |
11127
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718 centralny o 7ms. |
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|
719 </para> |
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|
720 |
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721 </sect4> |
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722 |
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|
723 <sect4 id="af_volume"> |
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|
724 <title>Programowa regulacja głośności (software volume control)</title> |
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725 |
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726 <para>Programowa regulacja głośności (software volume control) jest obsługiwana |
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727 poprzez filtr głośności (<option>volume</option> filter). Używaj go ostrożnie, |
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parents:
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|
728 gdyż może obniżyć stosunek sygnału do szumu. W większości wypadków |
11717 | 729 najlepszym rozwiązaniem jest ustawienie miksera PCM na maksymalną wartość, wyłączenie |
11469 | 730 filtru i regulacja głośności poziomem głośności ogólnej miksera. Jeżeli Twoja karta |
11717 | 731 ma cyfrowy mikser PCM zamiast analogowego i zauważysz przekłamania, użyj miksera |
732 MASTER. Jeżeli do komputera podłączony jest zewnętrzny wzmacniacz | |
733 (co zazwyczaj ma miejsce), poziom hałasu może zostać zredukowany poprzez | |
734 dostrojenie głównego poziomu głośności (master level) i pokrętła głośności, | |
11127
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735 dopóki syczenie w tle nie ustanie. Filtr ma dwie opcje: |
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changeset
|
736 </para> |
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changeset
|
737 |
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changeset
|
738 <variablelist> |
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changeset
|
739 <varlistentry> |
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parents:
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changeset
|
740 <term><option>v <-200 - +60></option></term> |
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diego
parents:
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changeset
|
741 <listitem><para> |
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parents:
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changeset
|
742 jest liczbą rzeczywistą pomiędzy <literal>-200</literal> a |
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diego
parents:
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changeset
|
743 <literal>+60</literal>, która przedstawia poziom głośności w dB. Domyślny |
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parents:
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changeset
|
744 poziom to 0dB. |
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diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
745 </para></listitem> |
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parents:
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changeset
|
746 </varlistentry> |
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parents:
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changeset
|
747 |
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changeset
|
748 <varlistentry> |
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changeset
|
749 <term><option>c</option></term> |
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changeset
|
750 <listitem><para> |
11717 | 751 jest binarną wartością która włącza lub wyłącza miękkie obcinanie (soft-clipping). |
11469 | 752 Miękkie obcinanie (soft-clipping) może sprawić, że dźwięk będzie łagodniejszy, |
11127
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753 jeżeli wysokie poziomy dźwięku są użyte. Uaktywnij tę opcję, jeżeli moc |
11469 | 754 głośników jest zbyt niska. Zwróć uwagę, że ta metoda powoduje przekłamania |
755 i powinna być używana tylko w ostateczności. | |
11127
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756 </para></listitem> |
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changeset
|
757 </varlistentry> |
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parents:
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changeset
|
758 </variablelist> |
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changeset
|
759 |
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changeset
|
760 <para> |
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|
761 Przykład: |
11717 | 762 <screen>mplayer -af volume=10.1:0 <replaceable>film.avi</replaceable></screen> |
763 wzmocni dźwięk o 10.1dB i zastosuje metodę twardego obcinania (hard-clip), jeżeli | |
11127
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changeset
|
764 poziom dźwięku jest za wysoki. |
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
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parents:
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changeset
|
765 </para> |
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parents:
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changeset
|
766 |
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parents:
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changeset
|
767 <para> |
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changeset
|
768 Ten filtr ma drugą właściwość: Mierzy ogólny, maksymalny poziom dźwięku i wypisuje go |
11717 | 769 po zakończeniu <application>MPlayera</application>. Oszacowana głośność może być |
770 użyta do ustawienia poziomu dźwięku w <application>MEncoderze</application> tak, | |
771 żeby maksymalny zasięg dynamiczny był możliwy do osiągnięcia. | |
11127
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772 </para> |
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changeset
|
773 </sect4> |
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parents:
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changeset
|
774 |
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parents:
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changeset
|
775 <sect4 id="af_equalizer"> |
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parents:
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changeset
|
776 <title>Korektor (equalizer)</title> |
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changeset
|
777 <para> |
11469 | 778 Filtr korektora (<option>equalizer</option> filter) to 10 oktawowy korektor graficzny |
11494 | 779 zaimplementowany przy pomocy 10 filtrów pasmowych IIR. |
11469 | 780 Oznacza to, że działa bez względu na format odtwarzanego dźwięku. Środkowe |
781 częstotliwości dla tych 10 pasm to: | |
11127
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782 </para> |
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changeset
|
783 |
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changeset
|
784 <informaltable> |
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parents:
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changeset
|
785 <tgroup cols="2"> |
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parents:
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changeset
|
786 <thead> |
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parents:
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changeset
|
787 <row> |
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diego
parents:
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changeset
|
788 <entry>Numer pasma</entry><entry>Częstotliwość środkowa</entry> |
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parents:
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changeset
|
789 </row> |
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parents:
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changeset
|
790 </thead> |
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parents:
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changeset
|
791 <tbody> |
11471
805c527f77f2
Correct some of my corrections as discussed with Torinthiel.
rathann
parents:
11469
diff
changeset
|
792 <row><entry>0</entry><entry>31.25 Hz</entry></row> |
805c527f77f2
Correct some of my corrections as discussed with Torinthiel.
rathann
parents:
11469
diff
changeset
|
793 <row><entry>1</entry><entry>62.50 Hz</entry></row> |
805c527f77f2
Correct some of my corrections as discussed with Torinthiel.
rathann
parents:
11469
diff
changeset
|
794 <row><entry>2</entry><entry>125.0 Hz</entry></row> |
805c527f77f2
Correct some of my corrections as discussed with Torinthiel.
rathann
parents:
11469
diff
changeset
|
795 <row><entry>3</entry><entry>250.0 Hz</entry></row> |
805c527f77f2
Correct some of my corrections as discussed with Torinthiel.
rathann
parents:
11469
diff
changeset
|
796 <row><entry>4</entry><entry>500.0 Hz</entry></row> |
805c527f77f2
Correct some of my corrections as discussed with Torinthiel.
rathann
parents:
11469
diff
changeset
|
797 <row><entry>5</entry><entry>1.000 kHz</entry></row> |
805c527f77f2
Correct some of my corrections as discussed with Torinthiel.
rathann
parents:
11469
diff
changeset
|
798 <row><entry>6</entry><entry>2.000 kHz</entry></row> |
805c527f77f2
Correct some of my corrections as discussed with Torinthiel.
rathann
parents:
11469
diff
changeset
|
799 <row><entry>7</entry><entry>4.000 kHz</entry></row> |
805c527f77f2
Correct some of my corrections as discussed with Torinthiel.
rathann
parents:
11469
diff
changeset
|
800 <row><entry>8</entry><entry>8.000 kHz</entry></row> |
805c527f77f2
Correct some of my corrections as discussed with Torinthiel.
rathann
parents:
11469
diff
changeset
|
801 <row><entry>9</entry><entry>16.00 kHz</entry></row> |
11127
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|
802 </tbody> |
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changeset
|
803 </tgroup> |
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diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
804 </informaltable> |
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diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
805 |
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parents:
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changeset
|
806 <para> |
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diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
807 Jeżeli częstotliwość próbkowania odtwarzanego dźwięku jest niższa niż środkowa |
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
808 częstotliwość dla odpowiedniego pasma, to jest ono wyłączane. Znanym błędem |
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diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
809 jest to, że właściwości dla najwyższego pasma nie są całkowicie symetryczne, |
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
810 jeżeli częstotliwość próbki jest zbliżona do częstotliwości środkowej danego pasma. |
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changeset
|
811 Można obejść ten problem zwiększając jej częstotliwość (up-sampling), zanim ta |
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
812 dotrze do filtru korektora (equalizer filter). |
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
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parents:
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changeset
|
813 </para> |
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parents:
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changeset
|
814 |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
815 <para> |
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diff
changeset
|
816 Filtr ma 10 parametrów: |
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
817 </para> |
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parents:
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changeset
|
818 |
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parents:
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changeset
|
819 <variablelist> |
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parents:
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changeset
|
820 <varlistentry> |
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changeset
|
821 <term><option>g1:g2:g3...g10</option></term> |
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changeset
|
822 <listitem><para> |
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changeset
|
823 są liczbami rzeczywistymi z przedziału od <literal>-12</literal> do |
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diego
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changeset
|
824 <literal>+12</literal>, określającymi przyrost dB dla każdego pasma częstotliwości. |
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diego
parents:
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changeset
|
825 </para></listitem> |
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changeset
|
826 </varlistentry> |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
827 </variablelist> |
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parents:
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changeset
|
828 |
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changeset
|
829 <para> |
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changeset
|
830 Przykład: |
11717 | 831 <screen> |
832 mplayer -af equalizer=11:11:10:5:0:-12:0:5:12:12 <replaceable>film.avi</replaceable> | |
833 </screen> | |
834 wzmocni dźwięk w wyższych i niższych zakresach częstotliwości, wyciszając go | |
11127
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|
835 prawie całkowicie około 1kHz. |
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changeset
|
836 </para> |
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parents:
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changeset
|
837 </sect4> |
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parents:
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changeset
|
838 |
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parents:
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changeset
|
839 <sect4 id="af_panning"> |
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changeset
|
840 <title>Filtr pan (panning filter)</title> |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
841 <para> |
11717 | 842 Użyj filtru pan (<option>pan</option> filter), żeby dowolnie miksować kanały. Najprościej |
843 tłumacząc jest to połączenie programowej regulacji głośności (software volume control) i | |
11469 | 844 filtru kanałów (channels filter). Istnieją dla niego 2 podstawowe zastosowania: |
11127
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|
845 </para> |
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parents:
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changeset
|
846 |
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diego
parents:
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changeset
|
847 <orderedlist> |
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diego
parents:
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changeset
|
848 <listitem><para> |
11469 | 849 Miksowanie wielu kanałów w mniejszą liczbę, na przykład stereo do mono. |
11127
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|
850 </para></listitem> |
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diego
parents:
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changeset
|
851 <listitem><para> |
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parents:
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changeset
|
852 Zmienianie "szerokości" centralnego głośnika w systemie przestrzennym. |
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diego
parents:
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changeset
|
853 </para></listitem> |
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parents:
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changeset
|
854 </orderedlist> |
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parents:
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changeset
|
855 |
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parents:
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changeset
|
856 <para> |
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|
857 Filtr jest trudny w użyciu i będzie wymagał zastosowania żmudnej metody prób i błędów, |
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changeset
|
858 zanim zostanie osiągnięty oczekiwany rezultat. Liczba parametrów filtru zależy od |
11469 | 859 liczby kanałów: |
11127
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changeset
|
860 </para> |
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changeset
|
861 |
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diego
parents:
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changeset
|
862 <variablelist> |
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diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
863 <varlistentry> |
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diego
parents:
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changeset
|
864 <term><option>nch <1-6></option></term> |
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diego
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changeset
|
865 <listitem><para> |
11717 | 866 jest liczbą całkowitą z przedziału od <literal>1</literal> do <literal>6</literal> i |
11469 | 867 jest używana w celu określenia liczby kanałów wyjściowych. Opcja ta jest wymagana. |
868 Nie podanie jej spowoduje błąd uruchamiania (runtime error). | |
11127
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869 </para></listitem> |
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|
870 </varlistentry> |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
871 |
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parents:
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changeset
|
872 <varlistentry> |
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|
873 <term><option>l00:l01:l02:..l10:l11:l12:...ln0:ln1:ln2:...</option></term> |
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|
874 <listitem><para> |
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
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|
875 są liczbami rzeczywistymi z przedziału od <literal>0</literal> do |
11469 | 876 <literal>1</literal>. <option>l[i][j]</option> ustala ile procent kanału wejściowego j |
11127
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|
877 ma być zmiksowanych do kanału wyjściowego i. |
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changeset
|
878 </para></listitem> |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
879 </varlistentry> |
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
880 </variablelist> |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
881 |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
882 <para> |
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diff
changeset
|
883 Przykład 1: |
11717 | 884 <screen> |
885 mplayer -af pan=1:0.5:0.5 -channels 1 <replaceable>film.avi</replaceable> | |
886 </screen> | |
11127
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887 zmiksuje kanały ze stereo do mono. |
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
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changeset
|
888 </para> |
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parents:
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changeset
|
889 |
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diff
changeset
|
890 <para> |
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|
891 Przykład 2: |
11717 | 892 <screen> |
893 mplayer -af pan=3:1:0:1:0.5:0.5 -channels 3 <replaceable>film.avi</replaceable> | |
894 </screen> | |
11469 | 895 da 3 kanał wyjściowy, zostawiając 0 i 1 nietknięte i miksując kanały 0 i 1 |
11127
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|
896 do 2 kanału wyjściowego (który może być na przykład wysłany do subwoofera). |
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
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changeset
|
897 </para> |
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changeset
|
898 </sect4> |
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parents:
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changeset
|
899 |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
900 <sect4 id="af_sub"> |
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|
901 <title>Subwoofer</title> |
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|
902 <para> |
11717 | 903 Filtr subwoofera (<option>sub</option> filter) dodaje kanał subwoofera do strumienia |
904 audio. Dane audio użyte do stworzenia tego kanału są średnią dźwięku w 0 i 1 kanale. Dźwięk | |
905 wynikowy zostanie poddany działaniu dolnoprzepustowego filtru Butterwortha czwartego rzędu | |
906 (4th order Butterworth filter) z domyślną częstotliwością graniczną na poziomie 60Hz i | |
907 dodany do oddzielnego kanału w strumieniu audio. | |
908 Uwaga: Wyłącz ten filtr, jeżeli odtwarzasz DVD z dźwiękiem w systemie Dolby Digital 5.1, | |
909 w przeciwnym wypadku, jego działanie zakłóci dźwięk subwoofera. Filtr ma 2 parametry: | |
11127
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|
910 </para> |
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changeset
|
911 |
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parents:
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changeset
|
912 <variablelist> |
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|
913 <varlistentry> |
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|
914 <term><option>fc <20-300></option></term> |
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changeset
|
915 <listitem><para> |
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|
916 jest opcjonalną liczbą rzeczywistą, używaną do określenia wartości |
11717 | 917 częstotliwości granicznej w Hz. Prawidłowy zakres wynosi od 20Hz do 300Hz. Dla |
918 uzyskania najlepszego rezultatu, spróbuj ustawić ją na jak najniższą. Wzbogaci to | |
919 doświadczenia płynące z używania dźwięku stereo i w systemie przestrzennym. Domyślną | |
920 wartością jest 60Hz. | |
11127
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|
921 </para></listitem> |
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|
922 </varlistentry> |
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changeset
|
923 |
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changeset
|
924 <varlistentry> |
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|
925 <term><option>ch <0-5></option></term> |
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926 <listitem><para> |
11717 | 927 jest opcjonalną liczbą całkowitą pomiędzy <literal>0</literal> a |
928 <literal>5</literal>, która określa numer kanału, do którego ma zostać wysłany | |
929 dźwięk subwoofera. Domyślnym jest <literal>5</literal>. Zauważ, że liczbą kanałów | |
930 zwiększy się do <replaceable>ch</replaceable>, jeżeli zajdzie taka potrzeba. | |
11127
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|
931 </para></listitem> |
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|
932 </varlistentry> |
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|
933 </variablelist> |
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changeset
|
934 |
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|
935 <para> |
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|
936 Przykład: |
11717 | 937 <screen> |
938 mplayer -af sub=100:4 -channels 5 <replaceable>film.avi</replaceable> | |
939 </screen> | |
940 doda kanał subwoofera z częstotliwością graniczną równą 100Hz do 4 kanału wyjściowego. | |
11127
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941 </para> |
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|
942 </sect4> |
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|
943 |
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|
944 <sect4 id="af_surround"> |
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945 <title>Dekoder dźwięku przestrzennego (Surround-sound decoder)</title> |
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|
946 <para> |
11717 | 947 Macierzowo zakodowany dźwięk przestrzenny, może być zdekodowany filtrem przestrzennym |
948 (<option>surround</option> filter). Dolby Surround jest przykładem | |
949 formatu zakodowanego macierzowo. Wiele plików zawierających 2 kanały audio, | |
950 w rzeczywistości zawiera dźwięk przestrzenny zakodowany w tym systemie. Aby użyć | |
951 tego filtru potrzebujesz karty z obsługą przynajmniej 4 kanałów. Filtr | |
952 posiada jedną opcję: | |
11127
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|
953 </para> |
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|
954 |
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changeset
|
955 <variablelist> |
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|
956 <varlistentry> |
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|
957 <term><option>d <0-1000></option></term> |
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|
958 <listitem><para> |
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|
959 jest opcjonalną liczbą rzeczywistą pomiędzy <literal>0</literal> a |
11717 | 960 <literal>1000</literal>, używaną do ustawienia opóźnienia w ms dla tylnych głośników. |
961 Opóźnienie powinno być ustawione w następujący sposób: jeśli d1 to odległość od | |
962 pozycji słuchacza do przednich głośników a d2 to odległość od tylnych głośników, | |
963 to opóźnienie d powinno być ustawione na 15ms, jeżeli d1 <= d2 i 15 + 5*(d1-d2) | |
964 jeżeli d1 > d2. Domyślna wartość dla d to 20ms. | |
11127
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965 </para></listitem> |
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|
966 </varlistentry> |
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|
967 </variablelist> |
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|
968 |
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changeset
|
969 <para> |
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|
970 Przykład: |
11717 | 971 <screen> |
972 mplayer -af surround=15 -channels 4 <replaceable>film.avi</replaceable> | |
973 </screen> | |
11469 | 974 doda dźwięk przestrzenny dekodując dźwięk dla tylnych głośników z opóźnieniem 15ms. |
11127
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975 </para> |
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|
976 </sect4> |
11378 | 977 |
978 <sect4 id="af_export"> | |
979 <title>Audio Exporter</title> | |
980 <para> | |
981 Ten filtr audio eksportuje nadchodzący sygnał do innych procesów, | |
11717 | 982 używając mapowania pamięci (<literal>mmap()</literal>). |
11378 | 983 Zmapowane obszary zawierają nagłówek: |
984 | |
985 <programlisting> | |
986 int nch /*ilość kanałów*/ | |
11717 | 987 int size /*rozmiar bufora*/ |
988 unsigned long long counter /*Używany do zachowania synchronizacji, | |
11469 | 989 aktualizowany za każdym razem kiedy |
990 eksportowane są nowe dane.*/ | |
11378 | 991 </programlisting> |
992 Reszta to 16-bitowe dane (bez przeplotu). | |
993 </para> | |
994 | |
995 <variablelist> | |
996 <varlistentry> | |
997 <term><option>mmapped_file</option></term> | |
998 <listitem><para> | |
11717 | 999 Plik, do którego chcesz eksportować. Domyślnie jest to |
11378 | 1000 <filename>~/.mplayer/mplayer-af_export</filename>. |
1001 </para></listitem> | |
1002 </varlistentry> | |
1003 | |
1004 <varlistentry> | |
1005 <term><option>nsamples</option></term> | |
1006 <listitem><para> | |
1007 Ilość próbek przypadających na kanał. Domyślnie jest to <literal>512</literal>. | |
1008 </para></listitem> | |
1009 </varlistentry> | |
1010 </variablelist> | |
1011 | |
1012 <para> | |
1013 Przykład: | |
11717 | 1014 <screen> |
1015 mplayer -af export=/tmp/mplayer-af_export:1024 <replaceable>film.avi</replaceable> | |
1016 </screen> | |
11378 | 1017 wyeksportuje 1024 próbek na kanał do <filename>/tmp/mplayer-af_export</filename>. |
1018 </para> | |
1019 </sect4> | |
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1020 </sect3> |
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|
1021 |
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1022 <sect3 id="audio-plugins"> |
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1023 <title>Wtyczki Audio (odradzane)</title> |
11469 | 1024 <note><para><emphasis role="bold">Wtyczki audio zostały zastąpione przez filtry |
1025 audio i wkrótce zostaną usunięte.</emphasis></para></note> | |
11127
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1026 |
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1027 <para> |
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1028 <application>MPlayer</application> ma obsługę wtyczek audio. Mogą one być |
11717 | 1029 użyte do zmiany właściwości danych audio, zanim dźwięk dotrze do karty. Włącza |
1030 je się poprzez opcję <option>-aop</option>, która przyjmuje argumenty w postaci | |
1031 <option>list=wtyczka1,wtyczka2,...</option>. Argument <option>list</option> | |
1032 jest wymagany i określa, które wtyczki powinny zostać użyte i w jakiej kolejności. | |
11127
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|
1033 Przykład: |
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1034 |
11717 | 1035 <screen> |
1036 mplayer <replaceable>film.avi</replaceable> -aop list=resample,format | |
1037 </screen> | |
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1038 |
11717 | 1039 przepuści dźwięk przez wtyczkę zmieniającą częstotliwość próbkowania |
11127
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1040 (resampling plugin) a następnie wtyczkę formatu (format plugin). |
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1041 </para> |
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1042 |
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1043 <para> |
11717 | 1044 Wtyczki również posiadają parametry, które zmieniają ich zachowanie. Opisane są |
1045 one dokładniej w sekcji poniżej. Wtyczka uruchomi się z domyślnymi wartościami, | |
11469 | 1046 jeżeli pominiemy jej opcje. Poniżej podany jest przykład użycia wtyczek i ich |
1047 specyficznych ustawień: | |
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1048 |
11717 | 1049 <screen> |
1050 mplayer <replaceable>film.avi</replaceable> -aop list=resample,format:fout=44100:format=0x8 | |
1051 </screen> | |
11127
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1052 |
11717 | 1053 ustawi częstotliwość wyjściową dla wtyczki zmieniającej częstotliwość próbkowania |
1054 (resample plugin) na 44100 Hz i format wyjściowy wtyczki formatu (format plugin) | |
11127
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1055 na AFMT_U8. |
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|
1056 </para> |
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|
1057 |
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|
1058 <para> |
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|
1059 Obecnie wtyczki audio nie mogą zostać użyte w <application>MEncoderze</application>. |
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1060 </para> |
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|
1061 |
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|
1062 <sect4 id="updn-sampling"> |
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|
1063 <title>Zwiększanie/Zmniejszanie częstotliwości próbkowania (up/downsampling)</title> |
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|
1064 |
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|
1065 <para> |
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|
1066 <application>MPlayer</application> w pełni obsługuje zmniejszanie/zwiększanie |
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diego
parents:
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changeset
|
1067 częstotliwości próbkowania (up/downsampling) dźwięku. Wtyczka ta może być |
11717 | 1068 użyta, jeżeli masz kartę ze stałą częstotliwością lub posiadasz kartę, która |
11471
805c527f77f2
Correct some of my corrections as discussed with Torinthiel.
rathann
parents:
11469
diff
changeset
|
1069 nie jest w stanie obsłużyć więcej niż 44.1 kHz. Ograniczenia Twojego sprzętu |
11127
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parents:
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changeset
|
1070 nie są automatycznie wykrywane, więc musisz wyraźnie podać częstotliwość. |
bfef1e331186
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parents:
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|
1071 Wtyczka ma jeden przełącznik: <option>fout</option>, który używany jest do |
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parents:
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|
1072 ustawiania żądanej częstotliwości wyjściowej. Domyślną wartością jest |
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diego
parents:
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changeset
|
1073 48 kHz i podawana jest w Hz. |
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
diego
parents:
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changeset
|
1074 </para> |
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parents:
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changeset
|
1075 |
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parents:
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changeset
|
1076 <para> |
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parents:
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changeset
|
1077 Sposób użycia: |
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parents:
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changeset
|
1078 |
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|
1079 <screen> |
11717 | 1080 mplayer <replaceable>film.avi</replaceable> -aop list=resample:fout=<replaceable>freq</replaceable></screen> |
11127
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parents:
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changeset
|
1081 |
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parents:
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changeset
|
1082 gdzie <literal><replaceable>freq</replaceable></literal> jest częstotliwością |
bfef1e331186
Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
diego
parents:
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changeset
|
1083 w Hz, jak <literal>44100</literal>. |
bfef1e331186
Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
1084 </para> |
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parents:
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changeset
|
1085 |
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diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
1086 <note> |
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
1087 <para> |
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parents:
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changeset
|
1088 Częstotliwość wyjściową nie powinna być wyższa niż wartość domyślna. |
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
diego
parents:
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changeset
|
1089 Spowoduje to odtwarzanie strumieni audio i video w zwolnionym tempie oraz |
bfef1e331186
Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
diego
parents:
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changeset
|
1090 zakłócenia dźwięku. |
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
1091 </para> |
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diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
1092 </note> |
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
1093 </sect4> |
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
1094 |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
1095 |
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diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
1096 <sect4 id="surround-decode"> |
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diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
1097 <title>Dekodowanie dźwięku przestrzennego</title> |
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
diego
parents:
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changeset
|
1098 |
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diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
1099 <para> |
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
1100 <application>MPlayer</application> posiada wtyczkę, która umożliwia dekodowanie |
bfef1e331186
Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
diego
parents:
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changeset
|
1101 macierzowo zakodowanego dźwięku przestrzennego. Dolby Surround jest przykładem |
11717 | 1102 takiego formatu. Wiele plików zawierających 2 kanały audio w rzeczywistości zawiera |
1103 dźwięk przestrzenny zakodowany macierzowo. Aby skorzystać z tej właściwości | |
1104 potrzebujesz karty z obsługą przynajmniej 4 kanałów. | |
11127
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
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changeset
|
1105 </para> |
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parents:
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changeset
|
1106 |
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parents:
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changeset
|
1107 <para> |
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diego
parents:
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changeset
|
1108 Sposób użycia: |
11717 | 1109 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>film.avi</replaceable> -aop list=surround</screen> |
11127
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
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parents:
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changeset
|
1110 </para> |
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
1111 </sect4> |
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
1112 |
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
1113 |
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diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
1114 <sect4 id="sample-format-conv"> |
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
diego
parents:
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changeset
|
1115 <title>Konwerter formatu próbek (sample format converter)</title> |
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
1116 |
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diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
1117 <para> |
11469 | 1118 Jeżeli Twój sterownik do karty dźwiękowej nie obsługuje 16-bitowego typu danych |
11717 | 1119 ze znakiem, wtyczka ta może być użyta do jego zmiany na format zrozumiały dla |
1120 karty. Posiada jeden parametr - <option>format</option>, który może być ustawiony | |
1121 na jedną z wartości umieszczonych w <filename>libao2/afmt.h</filename>. Wtyczka | |
1122 ta jest raczej rzadko potrzebna i jest przeznaczona dla zaawansowanych użytkowników. | |
1123 Mniej na uwadze, że zmienia ona tylko format próbki a nie jej częstotliwość czy | |
1124 ilość kanałów. | |
11127
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parents:
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changeset
|
1125 </para> |
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diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
1126 |
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
1127 <para> |
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
1128 Sposób użycia: |
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
1129 |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
1130 <screen> |
11717 | 1131 mplayer <replaceable>film.avi</replaceable> -aop list=format:format=<replaceable>outfmt</replaceable></screen> |
11127
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
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parents:
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changeset
|
1132 |
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
1133 gdzie <literal><replaceable>outfmt</replaceable></literal> to wymagany format |
bfef1e331186
Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
1134 próbki. |
bfef1e331186
Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
1135 </para> |
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
1136 </sect4> |
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
1137 |
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
1138 <sect4 id="audio-delay"> |
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
1139 <title>Opóźnianie</title> |
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
1140 <para> |
bfef1e331186
Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
1141 Wtyczka opóźnia dźwięk i jest przykładem tego, jak tworzyć nowe wtyczki. Nie ma |
11717 | 1142 dla niej żadnego sensownego zastosowania z punktu widzenia użytkownika i wspomniałem |
1143 tylko o niej ze względu na kompletność tej dokumentacji. Nie używaj tej wtyczki, | |
1144 chyba że jesteś deweloperem. | |
11127
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
1145 </para> |
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
1146 </sect4> |
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
1147 |
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
1148 <sect4 id="sw-volume"> |
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
1149 <title>Programowa regulacja głośnością (software volume control)</title> |
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
1150 |
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
diego
parents:
diff
changeset
|
1151 <para> |
11469 | 1152 Wtyczka jest programowym odpowiednikiem regulacji głośnością i może być używana |
1153 na maszynach z uszkodzonym urządzeniem miksującym. Może być również przydatna, | |
11717 | 1154 jeżeli ktoś chce zmienić poziom wyjściowy głośności w <application>MPlayerze</application> |
1155 bez zmiany ustawień PCM w mikserze. Ma jeden parametr - <option>volume</option>, | |
1156 który służy do ustawienia początkowej głośności. Może przyjmować wartości pomiędzy | |
1157 0 a 255. Wartością domyślna jest 101, co odpowiada wzmocnieniu równemu 0dB. Używaj | |
1158 tej wtyczki ostrożnie, gdyż możesz obniżyć stosunek sygnału do szumu. W większości | |
1159 wypadków najlepszym rozwiązaniem jest ustawienie miksera PCM na maksymalną wartość | |
1160 i, zamiast wtyczką, regulować głośność przy pomocy głośników. Jeżeli do komputera | |
1161 podłączony jest zewnętrzny wzmacniacz (a zazwyczaj jest), poziom hałasu może zostać | |
1162 zredukowany poprzez dostrojenie głównego poziomu głośności (master level) | |
11469 | 1163 i pokrętła głośności, dopóki syczenie w tle nie ustanie. |
11127
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|
1164 </para> |
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parents:
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changeset
|
1165 |
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changeset
|
1166 <para> |
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changeset
|
1167 Sposób użycia: |
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|
1168 <screen> |
11717 | 1169 mplayer <replaceable>film.avi</replaceable> -aop list=volume:volume=<replaceable>0-255</replaceable></screen> |
11127
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|
1170 </para> |
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changeset
|
1171 |
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|
1172 <para> |
11717 | 1173 Wtyczka ma również kompresor lub zdolność do miękkiego obcinania (soft-clipping). |
1174 Kompresja może być użyta, jeżeli dynamika dźwięku jest bardzo wysoka lub | |
1175 jeżeli moc głośników jest zbyt niska. Bądź ostrożny, ponieważ ta | |
11469 | 1176 funkcja powoduje zakłócenia dźwięku i powinna być użyta w ostateczności. |
11127
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|
1177 </para> |
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changeset
|
1178 |
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changeset
|
1179 <para> |
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|
1180 Sposób użycia: |
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|
1181 <screen> |
11717 | 1182 mplayer <replaceable>film.avi</replaceable> -aop list=volume:softclip</screen> |
11127
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|
1183 </para> |
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changeset
|
1184 </sect4> |
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changeset
|
1185 |
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|
1186 <sect4 id="extrastereo"> |
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|
1187 <title>Extrastereo</title> |
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changeset
|
1188 |
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changeset
|
1189 <para> |
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
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|
1190 Wtyczka (liniowo) zwiększa różnicę pomiędzy lewym a prawym kanałem |
11717 | 1191 (jak wtyczka extrastereo w <application>XMMS</application>), co dodaje |
11127
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changeset
|
1192 efekt "na żywo" do odtwarzanego dźwięku. |
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Polish XML docs by Torinthiel <torinthiel@wp.pl> and others.
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changeset
|
1193 </para> |
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changeset
|
1194 |
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changeset
|
1195 <para> |
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|
1196 Sposób użycia: |
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|
1197 <screen> |
11717 | 1198 mplayer <replaceable>film.avi</replaceable> -aop list=extrastereo |
1199 mplayer <replaceable>film.avi</replaceable> -aop list=extrastereo:mul=3.45<!-- | |
11127
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|
1200 --></screen> |
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|
1201 |
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1202 Współczynnikiem (<option>mul</option>) jest liczba rzeczywista, |
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1203 której wartość domyślna to 2.5. Jeżeli ustawisz go na <literal>0.0</literal>, otrzymasz |
11717 | 1204 dźwięk mono (średnia obu kanałów). Jeśli na <literal>1.0</literal>, nic się nie |
1205 zmieni, a jeśli na <literal>-1.0</literal>, lewy i prawy kanał zostaną zamienione. | |
11127
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1206 </para> |
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1207 </sect4> |
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1208 |
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1209 |
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1210 <sect4 id="volnorm"> |
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1211 <title>Normalizator głośności (volume normalizer)</title> |
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1212 |
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1213 <para> |
11469 | 1214 Wtyczka ustawia maksymalny poziom dźwięku, bez powodowania zakłóceń. |
11127
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1215 </para> |
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1216 |
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1217 <para> |
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1218 Sposób użycia: |
11717 | 1219 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>film.avi</replaceable> -aop list=volnorm</screen> |
11127
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1220 </para> |
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1221 </sect4> |
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1222 </sect3> |
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1223 </sect2> |