Mercurial > mplayer.hg
annotate DOCS/tech/mpcf.txt @ 17723:7337cbf41e2d
typo
author | ods15 |
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date | Sat, 04 Mar 2006 10:26:46 +0000 |
parents | 6aa7f7e427a0 |
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1 ======================================== |
17547 | 2 NUT Open Container Format DRAFT 20060207 |
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3 ======================================== |
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5 | |
6 | |
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7 Intro: |
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8 ====== |
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9 |
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10 Features / goals: |
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11 (supported by the format, not necessarily by a specific implementation) |
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12 |
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13 Simple |
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14 use the same encoding for nearly all fields |
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15 simple decoding, so slow CPUs (and embedded systems) can handle it |
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16 |
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17 Extendible |
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18 no limit for the possible values of all fields (using universal vlc) |
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19 allow adding of new headers in the future |
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20 allow adding more fields at the end of headers |
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21 |
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22 Compact |
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23 ~0.2% overhead, for normal bitrates |
17438 | 24 index is <100kb per hour |
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25 a usual header for a file is about 100 bytes (audio + video headers together) |
17326 | 26 a packet header is about ~1-5 bytes |
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27 |
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28 Error resistant |
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29 seeking / playback without an index |
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30 headers & index can be repeated |
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31 damaged files can be played back with minimal data loss and fast |
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32 resync times |
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33 |
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34 |
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35 |
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36 Definitions: |
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37 ============ |
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38 |
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39 MUST the specific part must be done to conform to this standard |
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40 SHOULD it is recommended to be done that way, but not strictly required |
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41 |
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42 |
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43 |
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44 Syntax: |
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45 ======= |
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16428 | 47 Since NUT heavily uses variable length fields, the simplest way to describe it |
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48 is using a pseudocode approach. |
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49 |
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50 |
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51 |
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52 Conventions: |
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53 ============ |
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54 |
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55 The data types have a name, used in the bitstream syntax description, a short |
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56 text description and a pseudocode (functional) definition, optional notes may |
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57 follow: |
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58 |
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59 name (text description) |
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60 functional definition |
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61 [Optional notes] |
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62 |
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63 The bitstream syntax elements have a tagname and a functional definition, they |
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64 are presented in a bottom up approach, again optional notes may follow and |
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65 are reproduced in the tag description: |
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66 |
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67 name: (optional note) |
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68 functional definition |
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69 [Optional notes] |
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70 |
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71 The in-depth tag description follows the bitstream syntax. |
16428 | 72 The functional definition has a C-like syntax. |
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73 |
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74 |
12209 | 75 |
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76 Type definitions: |
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77 ================= |
12209 | 78 |
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79 f(n) (n fixed bits in big-endian order) |
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80 u(n) (unsigned number encoded in n bits in MSB-first order) |
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81 |
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82 v (variable length value, unsigned) |
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83 value=0 |
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84 do{ |
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85 more_data u(1) |
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86 data u(7) |
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87 value= 128*value + data |
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88 }while(more_data) |
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89 |
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90 s (variable length value, signed) |
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91 temp v |
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92 temp++ |
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93 if(temp&1) value= -(temp>>1) |
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94 else value= (temp>>1) |
9323 | 95 |
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96 b (binary data or string, to be use in vb, see below) |
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97 for(i=0; i<length; i++){ |
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98 data[i] u(8) |
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99 } |
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100 [Note: strings MUST be encoded in UTF-8] |
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102 vb (variable length binary data or string) |
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103 length v |
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104 value b |
12117 | 105 |
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107 |
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108 Bitstream syntax: |
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109 ================= |
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110 |
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111 Common elements: |
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112 ---------------- |
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113 |
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114 reserved_bytes: |
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115 for(i=0; i<forward_ptr - length_of_non_reserved; i++) |
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116 reserved u(8) |
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117 [a demuxer MUST ignore any reserved bytes |
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118 a muxer MUST NOT write any reserved bytes, as this would make it |
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119 impossible to add new fields at the end of packets in the future |
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120 in a compatible way] |
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121 |
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122 Headers: |
10824 | 123 |
9294 | 124 main header: |
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125 version v |
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126 stream_count v |
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127 max_distance v |
17437 | 128 tmp_pts=0 |
129 tmp_mul=1 | |
130 tmp_stream=0 | |
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131 for(i=0; i<256; ){ |
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132 tmp_flag v |
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133 tmp_fields v |
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134 if(tmp_fields>0) tmp_pts s |
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135 if(tmp_fields>1) tmp_mul v |
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136 if(tmp_fields>2) tmp_stream v |
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137 if(tmp_fields>3) tmp_size v |
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138 else tmp_size=0 |
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139 if(tmp_fields>4) tmp_res v |
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140 else tmp_res=0 |
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141 if(tmp_fields>5) count v |
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142 else count= tmp_mul - tmp_size |
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143 for(j=6; j<tmp_fields; j++){ |
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144 tmp_reserved[i] v |
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145 } |
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146 for(j=0; j<count && i<256; j++, i++){ |
17612 | 147 if (i == 'N') { |
17718 | 148 flags[i]= FLAG_INVALID; |
17612 | 149 j--; |
150 continue; | |
151 } | |
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152 flags[i]= tmp_flag; |
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153 stream_id_plus1[i]= tmp_stream; |
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154 data_size_mul[i]= tmp_mul; |
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155 data_size_lsb[i]= tmp_size + j; |
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156 pts_delta[i]= tmp_pts; |
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157 reserved_count[i]= tmp_res; |
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158 } |
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159 } |
9294 | 160 |
161 stream_header: | |
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162 stream_id v |
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163 stream_class v |
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164 fourcc vb |
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165 time_base_nom v |
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166 time_base_denom v |
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167 msb_pts_shift v |
17577 | 168 max_pts_distance v |
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169 decode_delay v |
17671 | 170 reserved u(7) |
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171 fixed_fps u(1) |
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172 codec_specific_data vb |
17640 | 173 if(stream_class == video){ |
174 width v | |
175 height v | |
176 sample_width v | |
177 sample_height v | |
178 colorspace_type v | |
179 }else if(stream_class == audio){ | |
180 samplerate_nom v | |
181 samplerate_denom v | |
182 channel_count v | |
183 } | |
16429 | 184 |
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185 Basic Packets: |
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186 |
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187 frame: |
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188 frame_code f(8) |
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189 if(stream_id_plus1[frame_code]==0){ |
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190 stream_id v |
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191 } |
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192 if(pts_delta[frame_code]==0){ |
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193 coded_pts v |
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194 } |
17718 | 195 frame_flags= flags[frame_code] |
196 if(frame_flags&FLAG_CODED){ | |
197 coded_flags v | |
198 frame_flags ^= coded_flags | |
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199 } |
17718 | 200 if(frame_flags&FLAG_SIZE_MSB){ |
201 data_size_msb v | |
17437 | 202 } |
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203 for(i=0; i<reserved_count[frame_code]; i++) |
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204 reserved v |
17723 | 205 if(frame_flags&FLAG_CHECKSUM){ |
17711 | 206 checksum u(32) |
17584 | 207 } |
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208 data |
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209 |
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210 index: |
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211 max_pts v |
17438 | 212 syncpoints v |
17720 | 213 for(i=0; i<syncpoints; i++){ |
17438 | 214 syncpoint_pos_div8 v |
215 } | |
216 for(i=0; i<stream_count; i++){ | |
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217 last_pts= -1 |
17720 | 218 for(j=0; j<syncpoints; ){ |
17438 | 219 x v |
220 type= x & 1 | |
221 x>>=1 | |
17455 | 222 n=j |
17438 | 223 if(type){ |
224 flag= x & 1 | |
225 x>>=1 | |
226 while(x--) | |
17455 | 227 has_keyframe[n++][i]=flag |
228 has_keyframe[n++][i]=!flag; | |
17438 | 229 }else{ |
230 while(x != 1){ | |
17455 | 231 has_keyframe[n++][i]=x&1; |
17438 | 232 x>>=1; |
233 } | |
234 } | |
17455 | 235 for(; j<n && j<syncpoints; j++){ |
236 if (!has_keyframe[j][i]) continue | |
237 A v | |
17531 | 238 if(!A){ |
239 A v | |
240 B v | |
241 eor_pts[j][i] = last_pts + A + B | |
242 }else | |
243 B=0 | |
244 keyframe_pts[j][i] = last_pts + A | |
245 last_pts += A + B | |
17455 | 246 } |
17438 | 247 } |
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248 } |
9294 | 249 |
17711 | 250 info_packet: |
17669 | 251 stream_id_plus1 v |
252 chapter_id v | |
17708 | 253 chapter_start v |
254 chapter_len v | |
17669 | 255 count v |
256 for(i=0; i<count; i++){ | |
257 name vb | |
258 value s | |
259 if (value==-1){ | |
260 type= "UTF-8" | |
261 value vb | |
262 }else if (value==-2){ | |
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263 type vb |
17669 | 264 value vb |
265 }else if (value==-3){ | |
17685 | 266 type= "s" |
17326 | 267 value s |
17669 | 268 }else if (value<-3){ |
17685 | 269 type= "r" |
17684 | 270 value.den= -value-3 |
17669 | 271 value.num s |
272 }else{ | |
17685 | 273 type= "v" |
17669 | 274 } |
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275 } |
16506 | 276 |
17711 | 277 info_frame: |
278 info_packet | |
279 packet_footer | |
16506 | 280 |
17326 | 281 syncpoint: |
17328 | 282 coded_pts v |
283 stream = coded_pts % stream_count | |
284 global_key_pts = coded_pts/stream_count | |
17438 | 285 back_ptr_div8 v |
12413 | 286 |
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287 Complete definition: |
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288 |
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289 file: |
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290 file_id_string |
17711 | 291 while(bytes_left > 8){ |
292 if(next_byte == 'N'){ | |
293 startcode f(64) | |
294 forward_ptr v | |
295 switch(startcode){ | |
296 case main_startcode: main_header; break; | |
297 case stream_startcode:stream_header; break; | |
298 case info_startcode: info_packet; break; | |
299 case index_startcode: index; break; | |
300 case syncpoint_startcode: syncpoint; break; | |
301 } | |
302 reserved_bytes | |
303 checksum u(32) | |
304 }else | |
305 frame | |
306 } | |
307 index_ptr u(64) | |
308 | |
309 the structure of a undamaged file should look like the following, but | |
310 demuxers should be flexible and be able to deal with damaged headers so the | |
311 above is a better loop in practice (not to mention its simpler) | |
312 note, demuxers MUST be able to deal with new and unknown headers | |
313 | |
314 packet_header | |
315 startcode f(64) | |
316 forward_ptr v | |
317 | |
318 packet_footer | |
319 reserved_bytes | |
320 checksum u(32) | |
321 | |
322 reserved_headers | |
323 while(next_byte == 'N' && next_code != main_startcode | |
324 && next_code != stream_startcode | |
325 && next_code != info_startcode | |
326 && next_code != index_startcode | |
327 && next_code != syncpoint_startcode){ | |
328 packet_header | |
329 packet_footer | |
330 } | |
331 | |
332 file: | |
333 file_id_string | |
334 while(bytes_left > 8){ | |
335 packet_header, main_header, packet_footer | |
336 reserved_headers | |
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337 for(i=0; i<stream_count; i++){ |
17711 | 338 packet_header, stream_header, packet_footer |
339 reserved_headers | |
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340 } |
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341 while(next_code == info_startcode){ |
17711 | 342 packet_header, info_packet, packet_footer |
343 reserved_headers | |
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344 } |
17711 | 345 while(next_code == index_startcode){ |
346 packet_header, index_packet, packet_footer | |
347 reserved_headers | |
17533 | 348 } |
17711 | 349 if (bytes_left > 8) while(next_code != main_startcode){ |
350 if(next_code == syncpoint_startcode){ | |
351 packet_header, syncpoint, packet_footer | |
352 } | |
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353 frame |
17711 | 354 reserved_headers |
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355 } |
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356 } |
17711 | 357 index_ptr u(64) |
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358 |
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359 |
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360 Tag description: |
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361 ---------------- |
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362 |
12242 | 363 file_id_string |
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364 "nut/multimedia container\0" |
9323 | 365 |
366 *_startcode | |
12162 | 367 all startcodes start with 'N' |
368 | |
369 main_startcode | |
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370 0x7A561F5F04ADULL + (((uint64_t)('N'<<8) + 'M')<<48) |
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371 |
12162 | 372 stream_starcode |
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373 0x11405BF2F9DBULL + (((uint64_t)('N'<<8) + 'S')<<48) |
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374 |
17326 | 375 syncpoint_startcode |
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376 0xE4ADEECA4569ULL + (((uint64_t)('N'<<8) + 'K')<<48) |
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377 |
12162 | 378 index_startcode |
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379 0xDD672F23E64EULL + (((uint64_t)('N'<<8) + 'X')<<48) |
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380 |
12162 | 381 info_startcode |
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382 0xAB68B596BA78ULL + (((uint64_t)('N'<<8) + 'I')<<48) |
9294 | 383 |
384 version | |
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385 NUT version. The current value is 2. |
12238 | 386 |
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387 forward_ptr |
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388 size of the packet data (exactly the distance from the first byte |
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389 after the forward_ptr to the first byte of the next packet) |
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390 |
12333 | 391 max_distance |
17326 | 392 max distance of syncpoints, the distance may only be larger if |
393 there is no more than a single frame between the two syncpoints. This can | |
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394 be used by the demuxer to detect damaged frame headers if the damage |
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395 results in too long of a chain |
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396 |
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397 syncpoints SHOULD be placed immediately before a keyframe if the |
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398 previous frame of the same stream was a non-keyframe, unless such |
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399 non-keyframe - keyframe transitions are very frequent |
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400 |
17722 | 401 SHOULD be set to <=32768 |
402 if the stored value is >65536 then max_distance MUST be set to 65536 | |
12501 | 403 |
17577 | 404 max_pts_distance |
405 max absoloute difference of pts of new frame from last_pts in the | |
17711 | 406 timebase of the stream, without a checksum after the frameheader |
407 Note that last_pts is not necessarily the pts of the last frame | |
17577 | 408 on the same stream, as it is altered by syncpoint timestamps. |
409 | |
16429 | 410 stream_id |
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411 Stream identifier |
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412 stream_id MUST be < stream_count |
9294 | 413 |
414 stream_class | |
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415 0 video |
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416 1 audio |
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417 2 subtiles |
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418 3 metadata |
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419 4 userdata |
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420 in metadata streams each frame contains exactly one info frame |
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421 Note: the remaining values are reserved and MUST NOT be used |
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422 a demuxer MUST ignore streams with reserved classes |
9294 | 423 |
424 fourcc | |
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425 identification for the codec |
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426 example: "H264" |
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427 MUST contain 2 or 4 bytes, note, this might be increased in the future |
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428 if needed |
9294 | 429 |
9297 | 430 time_base_nom / time_base_denom = time_base |
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431 the length of a timer tick in seconds, this MUST be equal to the 1/fps |
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432 if fixed_fps is 1 |
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433 time_base_nom and time_base_denom MUST NOT be 0 |
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434 time_base_nom and time_base_denom MUST be relatively prime |
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435 time_base_denom MUST be < 2^31 |
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436 examples: |
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437 fps time_base_nom time_base_denom |
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438 30 1 30 |
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439 29.97 1001 30000 |
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440 23.976 1001 24000 |
9294 | 441 |
17328 | 442 convert_ts |
443 To switch from 2 different timebases, the following calculation is | |
444 defined: | |
12413 | 445 |
17328 | 446 ln = from_time_base_nom*to_time_base_denom |
447 sn = from_timestamp | |
448 d1 = from_time_base_denom | |
449 d2 = to_time_base_nom | |
450 timestamp = (ln/d1*sn + ln%d1*sn/d1)/d2 | |
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451 Note: this calculation MUST be done with unsigned 64 bit integers, and |
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452 is equivalent to (ln*sn)/(d1*d2) but this would require a 96bit integer |
12413 | 453 |
17532 | 454 compare_ts |
455 Compares timestamps from 2 different timebases, | |
456 if a is before b then compare_ts(a, b) = -1 | |
457 if a is after b then compare_ts(a, b) = 1 | |
458 else compare_ts(a, b) = 0 | |
459 | |
460 Care must be taken that this is done exactly with no rounding errors, | |
461 simply casting to float or double and doing the obvious | |
462 a*timebase > b*timebase is not compliant or correct, neither is the | |
463 same with integers, and | |
464 a*a_timebase.num*b_timebase.den > b*b_timebase.num*a_timebase.den | |
465 will overflow. One possible implementation which shouldn't overflow | |
466 within the range of legal timestamps and timebases is: | |
467 | |
468 if (convert_ts(a, a_timebase, b_timebase) < b) return -1; | |
469 if (convert_ts(b, b_timebase, a_timebase) < a) return 1; | |
470 return 0; | |
471 | |
16429 | 472 msb_pts_shift |
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473 amount of bits in lsb_pts |
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474 MUST be <16 |
9294 | 475 |
12333 | 476 decode_delay |
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477 maximum time between input and output for a codec, used to generate |
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478 dts from pts |
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479 is set to 0 for streams without B-frames, and set to 1 for streams with |
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480 B-frames, may be larger for future codecs |
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481 decode_delay MUST NOT be set higher than necessary for a codec. |
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482 |
9294 | 483 fixed_fps |
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484 1 indicates that the fps is fixed |
9294 | 485 |
9356 | 486 codec_specific_data |
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487 private global data for a codec (could be huffman tables or ...) |
12082 | 488 |
489 frame_code | |
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490 the meaning of this byte is stored in the main header |
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491 the value 78 ('N') is forbidden to ensure that the byte is always |
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492 different from the first byte of any startcode |
9420 | 493 |
17718 | 494 flags[frame_code], frame_flags |
17437 | 495 Bit Name Description |
17718 | 496 1 FLAG_SIZE_MSB if set, data_size_msb is at frame header, |
17437 | 497 otherwise data_size_msb is 0 |
17718 | 498 2 FLAG_CHECKSUM if set then the frame header contains a checksum |
499 4 FLAG_KEY if set, frame is keyframe | |
500 8 FLAG_EOR if set, stream has no relevance on | |
501 presentation. (EOR) | |
502 256 FLAG_CODED if set, coded_flags are stored in the frame header. | |
503 512 FLAG_INVALID if set, frame_code is invalid. | |
17437 | 504 |
505 EOR frames MUST be zero-length and must be set keyframe. | |
506 All streams SHOULD end with EOR, where the pts of the EOR indicates the | |
507 end presentation time of the final frame. | |
508 An EOR set stream is unset by the first content frames. | |
17551 | 509 EOR can only be unset in streams with zero decode_delay . |
17711 | 510 has_checksum must be set if the frame is larger then 2*max_distance or its |
511 pts differs by more then max_pts_distance from the last frame | |
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512 |
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513 stream_id_plus1[frame_code] |
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514 must be <250 |
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515 if it is 0, then the stream_id is coded in the frame |
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516 |
12082 | 517 data_size_mul[frame_code] |
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518 must be <16384 |
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519 |
12082 | 520 data_size_lsb[frame_code] |
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521 must be <16384 |
12082 | 522 |
16429 | 523 pts_delta[frame_code] |
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524 must be <16384 and >-16384 |
12413 | 525 |
17640 | 526 reserved_count[frame_code] |
527 must be <256 | |
528 | |
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529 data_size |
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530 data_size= data_size_lsb + data_size_msb*data_size_mul; |
12082 | 531 |
16429 | 532 coded_pts |
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533 if coded_pts < (1<<msb_pts_shift) then it is an lsb |
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534 pts, otherwise it is a full pts + (1<<msb_pts_shift) |
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535 lsb pts is converted to a full pts by: |
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536 mask = (1<<msb_pts_shift)-1; |
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537 delta = last_pts - mask/2 |
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538 pts = ((pts_lsb-delta)&mask) + delta |
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539 |
16429 | 540 lsb_pts |
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541 least significant bits of the pts in time_base precision |
9294 | 542 Example: IBBP display order |
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543 keyframe pts=0 -> pts=0 |
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544 frame lsb_pts=3 -> pts=3 |
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545 frame lsb_pts=1 -> pts=1 |
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546 frame lsb_pts=2 -> pts=2 |
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547 ... |
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548 keyframe msb_pts=257 -> pts=257 |
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549 frame lsb_pts=255 -> pts=255 |
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550 frame lsb_pts=0 -> pts=256 |
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551 frame lsb_pts=4 -> pts=260 |
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552 frame lsb_pts=2 -> pts=258 |
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553 frame lsb_pts=3 -> pts=259 |
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554 all pts's of keyframes of a single stream MUST be monotone |
9294 | 555 |
12333 | 556 dts |
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557 dts is calculated by using a decode_delay+1 sized buffer for each |
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558 stream, into which the current pts is inserted and the element with |
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559 the smallest value is removed, this is then the current dts |
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560 this buffer is initalized with decode_delay -1 elements |
17327 | 561 |
562 Pts of all frames in all streams MUST be bigger or equal to dts of all | |
17437 | 563 previous frames in all streams, compared in common timebase. (EOR |
564 frames are NOT exempt from this rule) | |
12333 | 565 |
9294 | 566 width/height |
17709 | 567 MUST be set to the coded width/height, MUST not be 0 |
9294 | 568 |
569 sample_width/sample_height (aspect ratio) | |
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570 sample_width is the horizontal distance between samples |
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571 sample_width and sample_height MUST be relatively prime if not zero |
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572 MUST be 0 if unknown |
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573 |
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574 colorspace_type |
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575 0 unknown |
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576 1 ITU Rec 624 / ITU Rec 601 Y range: 16..235 Cb/Cr range: 16..240 |
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577 2 ITU Rec 709 Y range: 16..235 Cb/Cr range: 16..240 |
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578 17 ITU Rec 624 / ITU Rec 601 Y range: 0..255 Cb/Cr range: 0..255 |
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579 18 ITU Rec 709 Y range: 0..255 Cb/Cr range: 0..255 |
10166 | 580 |
12333 | 581 samplerate_nom / samplerate_denom = samplerate |
17709 | 582 the number of samples per second, MUST not be 0 |
9294 | 583 |
17683 | 584 crc32 checksum |
17710 | 585 Generator polynomial is 0x104C11DB7. Starting value is zero. |
17683 | 586 |
9294 | 587 checksum |
17577 | 588 crc32 checksum |
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589 checksum is calculated for the area pointed to by forward_ptr not |
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590 including the checksum itself (from first byte after the |
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591 forward_ptr until last byte before the checksum). |
17711 | 592 for frame headers the checksum contains the framecode byte and all |
593 following bytes upto the checksum itself | |
9294 | 594 |
17640 | 595 Syncpoint tags: |
596 --------------- | |
597 | |
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598 back_ptr_div8 |
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599 back_ptr = back_ptr_div8 * 8 + 7 |
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600 back_ptr must point to a position within 8 bytes of a syncpoint |
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601 startcode. This syncpoint MUST be the closest syncpoint such that at |
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602 least one keyframe with a pts lower or equal to the original syncpoint's |
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603 global_key_pts for all streams lies between it and the current syncpoint. |
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604 |
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605 A stream where EOR is set is to be ignored for back_ptr. |
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606 |
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607 global_key_pts |
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608 After a syncpoint, last_pts of each stream is to be set to: |
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609 last_pts[i] = convert_ts(global_key_pts, timebase[stream], timebase[i]) |
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610 |
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611 global_key_pts MUST be bigger or equal to dts of all past frames across |
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612 all streams, and smaller or equal to pts of all future frames. |
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613 |
17640 | 614 Index tags: |
615 ----------- | |
616 | |
16429 | 617 max_pts |
17438 | 618 s = max_pts % stream_count |
619 pts = max_pts / stream_count | |
620 The highest pts in the entire file in the timebase of stream 's' . | |
9294 | 621 |
17438 | 622 syncpoint_pos_div8 |
623 offset from begginning of file to up to 7 bytes before the syncpoint | |
624 referred to in this index entry. Relative to position of last | |
625 syncpoint. | |
626 | |
627 has_keyframe | |
628 indicates whether this stream has a keyframe between this syncpoint and | |
629 the last syncpoint. | |
630 | |
631 keyframe_pts | |
632 The pts of the first keyframe for this stream in the region between the | |
17531 | 633 2 syncpoints, in the stream's timebase. (EOR frames are also keyframes) |
634 | |
635 eor_pts | |
636 Coded only if EOR is set at the position of the syncpoint. The pts of | |
637 that EOR. EOR is unset by the first keyframe after it. | |
9294 | 638 |
16429 | 639 index_ptr |
17711 | 640 absolute location in the file of the first byte of the startcode of the |
641 first index packet, or 0 if there is no index | |
16429 | 642 |
17640 | 643 Info tags: |
644 ---------- | |
645 | |
17669 | 646 stream_id_plus1 |
647 Stream this info packet applies to. If zero, packet applies to whole | |
648 file. | |
649 | |
650 chapter_id | |
651 Id of chapter this packet applies to. If zero, packet applies to whole | |
652 file. Positive chapter_id's are real chapters and MUST NOT overlap. | |
653 Negative chapter_id indicate a sub region of file and not a real | |
654 chapter. chapter_id MUST be unique to the region it represents. | |
17711 | 655 chapter_id n MUST not be used unless there are at least n chapters in the |
656 file | |
17669 | 657 |
658 chapter_start | |
659 s= chapter_start % stream_count | |
660 timestamp= chapter_start / stream_count | |
661 timestamp of start of chapter in timebase of stream 's'. | |
662 | |
663 chapter_len | |
664 Length of chapter in same timebase of chapter_start. | |
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665 |
9323 | 666 type |
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667 for example: "UTF8" -> string or "JPEG" -> JPEG image |
17685 | 668 "v" -> unsigned integer |
669 "s" -> signed integer | |
670 "r" -> rational | |
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671 Note: nonstandard fields should be prefixed by "X-" |
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672 Note: MUST be less than 6 byte long (might be increased to 64 later) |
9323 | 673 |
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674 info packet types |
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675 the name of the info entry, valid names are |
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676 "Author" |
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677 "Description" |
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678 "Copyright" |
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679 "Encoder" |
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680 the name & version of the software used for encoding |
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681 "Title" |
17669 | 682 "Cover" (allowed types are "PNG" and "JPEG") |
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683 image of the (CD, DVD, VHS, ..) cover (preferably PNG or JPEG) |
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684 "Source" |
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685 "DVD", "VCD", "CD", "MD", "FM radio", "VHS", "TV", "LD" |
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686 Optional: appended PAL, NTSC, SECAM, ... in parentheses |
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687 "CaptureDevice" |
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688 "BT878", "BT848", "webcam", ... (more exact names are fine too) |
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689 "CreationTime" |
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690 "2003-01-20 20:13:15Z", ... |
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691 (ISO 8601 format, see http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/iso-time.html) |
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692 Note: do not forget the timezone |
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693 "Keywords" |
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694 "Language" |
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695 ISO 639 and ISO 3166 for language/country code |
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696 something like "eng" (US english), can be 0 if unknown |
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697 and "multi" if several languages |
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698 see http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/englangn.html |
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699 and http://www.din.de/gremien/nas/nabd/iso3166ma/codlstp1/en_listp1.html |
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700 the language code |
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701 "Disposition" |
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702 "original", "dub" (translated), "comment", "lyrics", "karaoke" |
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703 Note: if someone needs some others, please tell us about them, so we |
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704 can add them to the official standard (if they are sane) |
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705 Note: nonstandard fields should be prefixed by "X-" |
17686 | 706 Note: names of fields SHOULD be in English if a word with the same |
17653 | 707 meaning exists in English |
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708 Note: MUST be less than 64 bytes long |
9295 | 709 |
710 value | |
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711 value of this name/type pair |
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712 |
9310 | 713 stuffing |
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714 0x80 can be placed in front of any type v entry for stuffing purposes |
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715 |
9294 | 716 |
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717 |
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718 Structure: |
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719 ---------- |
9294 | 720 |
721 the headers MUST be in exactly the following order (to simplify demuxer design) | |
722 main header | |
723 stream_header (id=0) | |
724 stream_header (id=1) | |
725 ... | |
726 stream_header (id=n) | |
727 | |
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728 headers may be repeated, but if they are, then they MUST all be repeated |
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729 together and repeated headers MUST be identical |
17547 | 730 |
731 Each set of repeated headers not at the beginning or end of the file SHOULD | |
732 be stored at the earliest possible position after 2^x where x is | |
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733 an integer and the file end, so the headers may be repeated at 4102 if that is |
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734 the closest position after 2^12=4096 at which the headers can be placed |
9294 | 735 |
17547 | 736 Note: this allows an implementation reading the file to locate backup |
737 headers in O(log filesize) time as opposed to O(filesize) | |
738 | |
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739 headers MUST be placed at least at the start of the file and immediately before |
12501 | 740 the index or at the file end if there is no index |
16428 | 741 headers MUST be repeated at least twice (so they exist three times in a file) |
9295 | 742 |
16685 | 743 there MUST be a sync point immediately before the first frame after any headers |
12503 | 744 |
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745 |
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746 Index: |
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747 ------ |
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748 |
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749 Note: with realtime streaming, there is no end, so no index there either |
17533 | 750 Index MAY only be repeated after main headers. |
9310 | 751 |
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752 |
17669 | 753 Info: |
754 ----- | |
755 | |
756 All info packets with the same chapter_id and stream_id are repeated info | |
757 packets and MUST be binary identical. | |
758 | |
759 All info packets MUST appear after main headers at begginning of file, and | |
760 SHOULD be repeated after all main headers unless they are very large. | |
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761 |
16506 | 762 Info frames can be used to describe the file or some part of it (chapters) |
9310 | 763 |
17669 | 764 Info SHOULD be stored in global packets instead of info streams/frames if |
765 possible, and the amount of data is not large. | |
766 | |
17711 | 767 If 2 info frames have the same chapter_id and stream_id then the earlier |
768 MUST be ignored (the last info frame is the most correct, this allows | |
769 updating or correcting info) | |
770 | |
771 Info frames MUST be keyframes | |
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772 |
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773 demuxer (non-normative): |
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774 ------------------------ |
12501 | 775 |
16428 | 776 in the absence of a valid header at the beginning, players SHOULD search for |
777 backup headers starting at offset 2^x; for each x players SHOULD end their | |
778 search at a particular offset when any startcode is found (including syncpoint) | |
12501 | 779 |
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780 |
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781 |
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782 Semantic requirements: |
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783 ====================== |
16429 | 784 |
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785 If more than one stream of a given stream class is present, each one SHOULD |
16429 | 786 have info tags specifying disposition, and if applicable, language. |
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787 It often highly improves usability and is therefore strongly encouraged. |
16429 | 788 |
789 A demuxer MUST NOT demux a stream which contains more than one stream, or which | |
790 is wrapped in a structure to facilitate more than one stream or otherwise | |
791 duplicate the role of a container. any such file is to be considered invalid. | |
792 | |
12501 | 793 |
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794 |
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795 Sample code (Public Domain, & untested): |
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796 ======================================== |
9294 | 797 |
798 typedef BufferContext{ | |
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799 uint8_t *buf; |
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800 uint8_t *buf_ptr; |
9294 | 801 }BufferContext; |
802 | |
803 static inline uint64_t get_bytes(BufferContext *bc, int count){ | |
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804 uint64_t val=0; |
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805 |
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806 assert(count>0 && count<9); |
9294 | 807 |
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808 for(i=0; i<count; i++){ |
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809 val <<=8; |
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810 val += *(bc->buf_ptr++); |
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811 } |
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812 |
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813 return val; |
9294 | 814 } |
815 | |
816 static inline void put_bytes(BufferContext *bc, int count, uint64_t val){ | |
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817 uint64_t val=0; |
9294 | 818 |
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819 assert(count>0 && count<9); |
9294 | 820 |
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821 for(i=count-1; i>=0; i--){ |
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822 *(bc->buf_ptr++)= val >> (8*i); |
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823 } |
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824 |
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825 return val; |
9294 | 826 } |
827 | |
10061 | 828 static inline uint64_t get_v(BufferContext *bc){ |
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829 uint64_t val= 0; |
9294 | 830 |
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831 for(; space_left(bc) > 0; ){ |
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832 int tmp= *(bc->buf_ptr++); |
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833 if(tmp&0x80) |
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834 val= (val<<7) + tmp - 0x80; |
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835 else |
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836 return (val<<7) + tmp; |
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837 } |
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838 |
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839 return -1; |
9294 | 840 } |
841 | |
10061 | 842 static inline int put_v(BufferContext *bc, uint64_t val){ |
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843 int i; |
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844 |
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845 if(space_left(bc) < 9) return -1; |
9294 | 846 |
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847 val &= 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFULL; // FIXME can only encode upto 63 bits currently |
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848 for(i=7; ; i+=7){ |
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849 if(val>>i == 0) break; |
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850 } |
9294 | 851 |
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852 for(i-=7; i>0; i-=7){ |
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853 *(bc->buf_ptr++)= 0x80 | (val>>i); |
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854 } |
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855 *(bc->buf_ptr++)= val&0x7F; |
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856 |
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857 return 0; |
9579
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858 } |
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859 |
12333 | 860 static int64_t get_dts(int64_t pts, int64_t *pts_cache, int delay, int reset){ |
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861 if(reset) memset(pts_cache, -1, delay*sizeof(int64_t)); |
12333 | 862 |
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863 while(delay--){ |
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864 int64_t t= pts_cache[delay]; |
93d4be7ef83e
cosmetic reformatting: tabs --> spaces, prettyprinting, trailing whitespace
diego
parents:
16685
diff
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865 if(t < pts){ |
93d4be7ef83e
cosmetic reformatting: tabs --> spaces, prettyprinting, trailing whitespace
diego
parents:
16685
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866 pts_cache[delay]= pts; |
93d4be7ef83e
cosmetic reformatting: tabs --> spaces, prettyprinting, trailing whitespace
diego
parents:
16685
diff
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867 pts= t; |
93d4be7ef83e
cosmetic reformatting: tabs --> spaces, prettyprinting, trailing whitespace
diego
parents:
16685
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868 } |
93d4be7ef83e
cosmetic reformatting: tabs --> spaces, prettyprinting, trailing whitespace
diego
parents:
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869 } |
12333 | 870 |
16686
93d4be7ef83e
cosmetic reformatting: tabs --> spaces, prettyprinting, trailing whitespace
diego
parents:
16685
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871 return pts; |
12333 | 872 } |
873 | |
16842
d977560c702b
Reformat section titles so that it becomes easier to tell sections and
diego
parents:
16686
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874 |
d977560c702b
Reformat section titles so that it becomes easier to tell sections and
diego
parents:
16686
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875 |
d977560c702b
Reformat section titles so that it becomes easier to tell sections and
diego
parents:
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876 Authors: |
d977560c702b
Reformat section titles so that it becomes easier to tell sections and
diego
parents:
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877 ======== |
10158
93e5428d0b3e
some changes (michael: is the colorspace_type field needed?)
alex
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10061
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878 |
16428 | 879 Folks from the MPlayer developers mailing list (http://www.mplayerhq.hu/). |
880 Authors in alphabetical order: (FIXME! Tell us if we left you out) | |
16843 | 881 Beregszaszi, Alex (alex@fsn.hu) |
882 Bunkus, Moritz (moritz@bunkus.org) | |
883 Diedrich, Tobias (ranma+mplayer@tdiedrich.de) | |
884 Felker, Rich (dalias@aerifal.cx) | |
885 Franz, Fabian (FabianFranz@gmx.de) | |
886 Gereoffy, Arpad (arpi@thot.banki.hu) | |
887 Hess, Andreas (jaska@gmx.net) | |
888 Niedermayer, Michael (michaelni@gmx.at) | |
889 Shimon, Oded (ods15@ods15.dyndns.org) |