Mercurial > mplayer.hg
annotate DOCS/xml/en/usage.xml @ 28966:b0c49f500418
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date | Thu, 19 Mar 2009 11:30:29 +0000 |
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20535 | 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> |
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2 <!-- $Revision$ --> |
9675 | 3 <chapter id="usage"> |
4 <title>Usage</title> | |
5 | |
6 <sect1 id="commandline"> | |
7 <title>Command line</title> | |
8 | |
9 <para> | |
25118 | 10 <application>MPlayer</application> utilizes a complex playtree. Options passed |
11 on the command line can apply to all files/URLs or just to specific ones | |
12 depending on their position. For example | |
13 <screen>mplayer -vfm ffmpeg movie1.avi movie2.avi</screen> | |
14 will use FFmpeg decoders for both files, but | |
21521 | 15 <screen> |
25118 | 16 mplayer -vfm ffmpeg <replaceable>movie1.avi</replaceable> <replaceable>movie2.avi</replaceable> -vfm dmo |
21521 | 17 </screen> |
25118 | 18 will play the second file with a DMO decoder. |
9675 | 19 </para> |
20 | |
21 <para> | |
22 You can group filenames/URLs together using <literal>{</literal> and | |
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23 <literal>}</literal>. It is useful with option <option>-loop</option>: |
10643 | 24 <screen>mplayer { 1.avi -loop 2 2.avi } -loop 3</screen> |
9675 | 25 The above command will play files in this order: 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2. |
26 </para> | |
27 | |
28 <para> | |
29 Playing a file: | |
30 <synopsis> | |
31 <command>mplayer</command><!-- | |
32 --> [<replaceable>options</replaceable>]<!-- | |
33 --> [<replaceable>path</replaceable>/]<replaceable>filename</replaceable> | |
34 </synopsis> | |
35 </para> | |
36 | |
37 <para> | |
15463 | 38 Another way to play a file: |
39 <synopsis> | |
40 <command>mplayer</command><!-- | |
41 --> [<replaceable>options</replaceable>]<!-- | |
42 --> <replaceable>file:///uri-escaped-path</replaceable> | |
43 </synopsis> | |
44 </para> | |
45 | |
46 <para> | |
9675 | 47 Playing more files: |
48 <synopsis> | |
49 <command>mplayer</command><!-- | |
50 --> [<replaceable>default options</replaceable>]<!-- | |
51 --> [<replaceable>path</replaceable>/]<replaceable>filename1</replaceable><!-- | |
52 --> [<replaceable>options for filename1</replaceable>]<!-- | |
53 --> <replaceable>filename2</replaceable><!-- | |
54 --> [<replaceable>options for filename2</replaceable>] ... | |
55 </synopsis> | |
56 </para> | |
57 | |
58 <para> | |
59 Playing VCD: | |
60 <synopsis> | |
61 <command>mplayer</command> [<replaceable>options</replaceable>]<!-- | |
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62 --> vcd://<replaceable>trackno</replaceable><!-- |
9675 | 63 --> [-cdrom-device <replaceable>/dev/cdrom</replaceable>] |
64 </synopsis> | |
65 </para> | |
66 | |
67 <para> | |
68 Playing DVD: | |
69 <synopsis> | |
70 <command>mplayer</command> [<replaceable>options</replaceable>]<!-- | |
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71 --> dvd://<replaceable>titleno</replaceable><!-- |
9675 | 72 --> [-dvd-device <replaceable>/dev/dvd</replaceable>] |
73 </synopsis> | |
74 </para> | |
75 | |
76 <para> | |
77 Playing from the WWW: | |
78 <synopsis> | |
79 <command>mplayer</command> [<replaceable>options</replaceable>]<!-- | |
80 --> http://<replaceable>site.com/file.asf</replaceable> | |
81 </synopsis> | |
82 (playlists can be used, too) | |
83 </para> | |
84 | |
85 <para> | |
86 Playing from RTSP: | |
87 <synopsis> | |
88 <command>mplayer</command> [<replaceable>options</replaceable>]<!-- | |
89 --> rtsp://<replaceable>server.example.com/streamName</replaceable> | |
90 </synopsis> | |
91 </para> | |
92 | |
93 <para> | |
94 Examples: | |
95 <screen> | |
11713 | 96 mplayer -vo x11 <replaceable>/mnt/Films/Contact/contact2.mpg</replaceable> |
12833 | 97 mplayer vcd://<replaceable>2</replaceable> -cdrom-device <replaceable>/dev/hdc</replaceable> |
11713 | 98 mplayer -afm 3 <replaceable>/mnt/DVDtrailers/alien4.vob</replaceable> |
99 mplayer dvd://<replaceable>1</replaceable> -dvd-device <replaceable>/dev/hdc</replaceable> | |
100 mplayer -abs 65536 -delay -0.4 -nobps <replaceable>~/movies/test.avi</replaceable><!-- | |
9675 | 101 --></screen> |
102 </para> | |
103 </sect1> | |
104 | |
105 | |
21521 | 106 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --> |
107 | |
108 | |
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109 <sect1 id="subosd"> |
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110 <title>Subtitles and OSD</title> |
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111 |
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112 <para> |
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113 <application>MPlayer</application> can display subtitles along with movie files. |
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114 Currently the following formats are supported: |
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115 <itemizedlist> |
21521 | 116 <listitem><para>VOBsub</para></listitem> |
117 <listitem><para>OGM</para></listitem> | |
118 <listitem><para>CC (closed caption)</para></listitem> | |
119 <listitem><para>MicroDVD</para></listitem> | |
120 <listitem><para>SubRip</para></listitem> | |
121 <listitem><para>SubViewer</para></listitem> | |
122 <listitem><para>Sami</para></listitem> | |
123 <listitem><para>VPlayer</para></listitem> | |
124 <listitem><para>RT</para></listitem> | |
125 <listitem><para>SSA</para></listitem> | |
126 <listitem><para>PJS (Phoenix Japanimation Society)</para></listitem> | |
127 <listitem><para>MPsub</para></listitem> | |
128 <listitem><para>AQTitle</para></listitem> | |
129 <listitem><para> | |
130 <ulink url="http://unicorn.us.com/jacosub/">JACOsub</ulink> | |
131 </para></listitem> | |
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132 </itemizedlist> |
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133 </para> |
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134 |
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135 <para> |
21521 | 136 <application>MPlayer</application> can dump the previously listed subtitle |
137 formats (<emphasis role="bold">except the three first</emphasis>) into the | |
138 following destination formats, with the given options: | |
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139 <itemizedlist> |
21521 | 140 <listitem><para>MPsub: <option>-dumpmpsub</option></para></listitem> |
141 <listitem><para>SubRip: <option>-dumpsrtsub</option></para></listitem> | |
142 <listitem><para>MicroDVD: <option>-dumpmicrodvdsub</option></para></listitem> | |
143 <listitem><para>JACOsub: <option>-dumpjacosub</option></para></listitem> | |
144 <listitem><para>Sami: <option>-dumpsami</option></para></listitem> | |
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145 </itemizedlist> |
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146 </para> |
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147 |
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148 <para> |
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149 <application>MEncoder</application> can dump DVD subtitles into |
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150 <link linkend="menc-feat-extractsub">VOBsub</link> format. |
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151 </para> |
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152 |
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153 <para> |
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154 The command line options differ slightly for the different formats: |
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155 </para> |
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156 |
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157 <formalpara> |
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158 <title>VOBsub subtitles</title> |
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159 <para> |
21521 | 160 VOBsub subtitles consist of a big (some megabytes) <filename>.SUB</filename> |
161 file, and optional <filename>.IDX</filename> and/or <filename>.IFO</filename> | |
162 files. If you have files like | |
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163 <filename><replaceable>sample.sub</replaceable></filename>, |
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164 <filename><replaceable>sample.ifo</replaceable></filename> (optional), |
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165 <filename><replaceable>sample.idx</replaceable></filename> - you have to pass |
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166 <application>MPlayer</application> the <option>-vobsub sample |
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167 [-vobsubid <replaceable>id</replaceable>]</option> options |
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168 (full path optional). The <option>-vobsubid</option> option is like |
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169 <option>-sid</option> for DVDs, you can choose between subtitle tracks |
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170 (languages) with it. In case that <option>-vobsubid</option> is omitted, |
20433 | 171 <application>MPlayer</application> will try to use the languages given by the |
21521 | 172 <option>-slang</option> option and fall back to the |
173 <systemitem>langidx</systemitem> in the <filename>.IDX</filename> file to set | |
174 the subtitle language. If it fails, there will be no subtitles. | |
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175 </para> |
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176 </formalpara> |
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177 |
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178 <formalpara> |
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179 <title>Other subtitles</title> |
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180 <para> |
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181 The other formats consist of a single text file containing timing, |
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182 placement and text information. Usage: If you have a file like |
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183 <filename><replaceable>sample.txt</replaceable></filename>, |
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184 you have to pass the option <option>-sub |
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185 <replaceable>sample.txt</replaceable></option> (full path optional). |
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186 </para> |
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187 </formalpara> |
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188 |
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189 <variablelist> |
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190 <title>Adjusting subtitle timing and placement:</title> |
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191 <varlistentry> |
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192 <term><option>-subdelay <replaceable>sec</replaceable></option></term> |
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193 <listitem><para> |
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194 Delays subtitles by <option><replaceable>sec</replaceable></option> seconds. |
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195 Can be negative. The value is added to movie's time position counter. |
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196 </para></listitem> |
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197 </varlistentry> |
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198 <varlistentry> |
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199 <term><option>-subfps <replaceable>RATE</replaceable></option></term> |
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200 <listitem><para> |
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201 Specify frame/sec rate of subtitle file (float number). |
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202 </para></listitem> |
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203 </varlistentry> |
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204 <varlistentry> |
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205 <term><option>-subpos <replaceable>0-100</replaceable></option></term> |
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206 <listitem><para> |
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207 Specify the position of subtitles. |
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208 </para></listitem> |
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209 </varlistentry> |
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210 </variablelist> |
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211 |
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212 <para> |
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213 If you experience a growing delay between the movie and the subtitles when |
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214 using a MicroDVD subtitle file, most likely the framerate of the movie and |
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215 the subtitle file are different. Please note that the MicroDVD subtitle |
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216 format uses absolute frame numbers for its timing, but there is no fps |
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217 information in it, and therefore the <option>-subfps</option> option should |
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218 be used with this format. If you like to solve this problem permanently, |
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219 you have to manually convert the subtitle file framerate. |
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220 <application>MPlayer</application> can do this |
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221 conversion for you: |
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222 |
21521 | 223 <screen> |
224 mplayer -dumpmicrodvdsub -fps <replaceable>subtitles_fps</replaceable> -subfps <replaceable>avi_fps</replaceable> \ | |
225 -sub <replaceable>subtitle_filename</replaceable> <replaceable>dummy.avi</replaceable> | |
226 </screen> | |
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227 </para> |
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228 |
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229 <para> |
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230 About DVD subtitles, read the <link linkend="dvd">DVD</link> section. |
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231 </para> |
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232 </sect1> |
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233 |
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234 |
21521 | 235 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --> |
236 | |
237 | |
9675 | 238 <sect1 id="control"> |
239 <title>Control</title> | |
240 | |
241 <para> | |
242 <application>MPlayer</application> has a fully configurable, command | |
243 driven, control layer which lets you control | |
244 <application>MPlayer</application> with keyboard, mouse, joystick or remote | |
245 control (using LIRC). See the man page for the complete list of keyboard controls. | |
246 </para> | |
247 | |
21521 | 248 <!-- ********** --> |
9675 | 249 |
250 <sect2 id="ctrl-cfg"> | |
251 <title>Controls configuration</title> | |
252 | |
253 <para> | |
254 <application>MPlayer</application> allows you bind any key/button to any | |
11540 | 255 <application>MPlayer</application> command using a simple config file. |
256 The syntax consist of a key name followed by a command. The default config file location is | |
9675 | 257 <filename>$HOME/.mplayer/input.conf</filename> but it can be overridden |
258 using the <option>-input <replaceable>conf</replaceable></option> option | |
259 (relative path are relative to <filename>$HOME/.mplayer</filename>). | |
260 </para> | |
261 | |
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262 <para> |
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263 You can get a full list of supported key names by running |
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264 <command>mplayer -input keylist</command> |
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265 and a full list of available commands by running |
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266 <command>mplayer -input cmdlist</command>. |
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267 </para> |
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268 |
20035 | 269 <example id="input_control_file"> |
9675 | 270 <title>A simple input control file</title> |
271 <programlisting> | |
272 ## | |
273 ## MPlayer input control file | |
274 ## | |
275 | |
276 RIGHT seek +10 | |
277 LEFT seek -10 | |
278 - audio_delay 0.100 | |
279 + audio_delay -0.100 | |
280 q quit | |
281 > pt_step 1 | |
282 < pt_step -1 | |
283 ENTER pt_step 1 1<!-- | |
284 --></programlisting> | |
285 </example> | |
286 </sect2> | |
287 | |
21521 | 288 <!-- ********** --> |
9675 | 289 |
290 <sect2 id="lirc"> | |
291 <title>Control from LIRC</title> | |
292 | |
293 <para> | |
26958 | 294 Linux Infrared Remote Control - use an easy to build home-brewed IR-receiver, |
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295 an (almost) arbitrary remote control and control your Linux box with it! |
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296 More about it on the <ulink url="http://www.lirc.org">LIRC homepage</ulink>. |
9675 | 297 </para> |
298 | |
299 <para> | |
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300 If you have the LIRC package installed, <filename>configure</filename> will |
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301 autodetect it. If everything went fine, <application>MPlayer</application> |
21596 | 302 will print "<systemitem>Setting up LIRC support...</systemitem>" |
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303 on startup. If an error occurs it will tell you. If there is no message about |
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304 LIRC there is no support compiled in. That's it :-) |
9675 | 305 </para> |
306 | |
307 <para> | |
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308 The application name for <application>MPlayer</application> is - surprise - |
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309 <filename>mplayer</filename>. You can use any <application>MPlayer</application> |
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310 commands and even pass more than one command by separating them with |
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311 <literal>\n</literal>. |
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312 Do not forget to enable the repeat flag in <filename>.lircrc</filename> when |
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313 it makes sense (seek, volume, etc). Here is an excerpt from a sample |
9675 | 314 <filename>.lircrc</filename>: |
315 </para> | |
316 | |
317 <programlisting> | |
318 begin | |
319 button = VOLUME_PLUS | |
320 prog = mplayer | |
321 config = volume 1 | |
322 repeat = 1 | |
323 end | |
324 | |
325 begin | |
326 button = VOLUME_MINUS | |
327 prog = mplayer | |
328 config = volume -1 | |
329 repeat = 1 | |
330 end | |
331 | |
332 begin | |
333 button = CD_PLAY | |
334 prog = mplayer | |
335 config = pause | |
336 end | |
337 | |
338 begin | |
339 button = CD_STOP | |
340 prog = mplayer | |
341 config = seek 0 1\npause | |
342 end<!-- | |
343 --></programlisting> | |
344 | |
345 <para> | |
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346 If you do not like the standard location for the lirc-config file |
9675 | 347 (<filename>~/.lircrc</filename>) use the <option>-lircconf |
348 <replaceable>filename</replaceable></option> switch to specify another | |
349 file. | |
350 </para> | |
351 </sect2> | |
352 | |
21521 | 353 <!-- ********** --> |
9675 | 354 |
355 <sect2 id="slave-mode"> | |
356 <title>Slave mode</title> | |
21521 | 357 |
9675 | 358 <para> |
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359 The slave mode allows you to build simple frontends to |
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360 <application>MPlayer</application>. When run with the |
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361 <option>-slave</option> option <application>MPlayer</application> will |
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362 read commands separated by a newline (\n) from stdin. |
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363 The commands are documented in the |
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364 <ulink url="../../tech/slave.txt">slave.txt</ulink> file. |
9675 | 365 </para> |
366 </sect2> | |
367 </sect1> | |
368 | |
21521 | 369 |
370 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --> | |
371 | |
9675 | 372 |
373 <sect1 id="streaming"> | |
374 <title>Streaming from network or pipes</title> | |
375 | |
376 <para> | |
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377 <application>MPlayer</application> can play files from the network, using the |
10755 | 378 HTTP, FTP, MMS or RTSP/RTP protocol. |
9675 | 379 </para> |
380 | |
381 <para> | |
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382 Playing works simply by passing the URL on the command line. |
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383 <application>MPlayer</application> honors the <envar>http_proxy</envar> |
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384 environment variable, using a proxy if available. Proxies can also be forced: |
21732 | 385 <screen> |
386 mplayer <replaceable>http_proxy://proxy.micorsops.com:3128/http://micorsops.com:80/stream.asf</replaceable> | |
387 </screen> | |
9675 | 388 </para> |
389 | |
390 <para> | |
391 <application>MPlayer</application> can read from stdin | |
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392 (<emphasis>not</emphasis> named pipes). This can for example be used to |
9675 | 393 play from FTP: |
21732 | 394 <screen> |
395 wget <replaceable>ftp://micorsops.com/something.avi</replaceable> -O - | mplayer - | |
396 </screen> | |
9675 | 397 </para> |
398 | |
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399 <note><para> |
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400 It is also recommended to enable <option>-cache</option> when playing |
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401 from the network: |
21732 | 402 <screen> |
403 wget <replaceable>ftp://micorsops.com/something.avi</replaceable> -O - | mplayer -cache 8192 - | |
404 </screen> | |
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405 </para></note> |
15499 | 406 |
21521 | 407 <!-- ********** --> |
408 | |
15499 | 409 <sect2 id="streaming-save"> |
410 <title>Saving streamed content</title> | |
21521 | 411 |
15499 | 412 <para> |
21521 | 413 Once you succeed in making <application>MPlayer</application> play |
414 your favorite internet stream, you can use the option | |
415 <option>-dumpstream</option> to save the stream into a file. | |
416 For example: | |
15499 | 417 <screen> |
21521 | 418 mplayer <replaceable>http://217.71.208.37:8006</replaceable> -dumpstream -dumpfile <replaceable>stream.asf</replaceable> |
15499 | 419 </screen> |
21521 | 420 will save the content streamed from |
421 <replaceable>http://217.71.208.37:8006</replaceable> into | |
422 <replaceable>stream.asf</replaceable>. | |
423 This works with all protocols supported by | |
26958 | 424 <application>MPlayer</application>, like MMS, RTSP, and so forth. |
15499 | 425 </para> |
426 </sect2> | |
21521 | 427 </sect1> |
15499 | 428 |
21521 | 429 |
430 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --> | |
431 | |
9966 | 432 |
11786 | 433 <sect1 id="edl" xreflabel="Edit Decision Lists (EDL)"> |
434 <title>Edit Decision Lists (EDL)</title> | |
435 | |
436 <para> | |
437 The edit decision list (EDL) system allows you to automatically skip | |
438 or mute sections of videos during playback, based on a movie specific | |
439 EDL configuration file. | |
440 </para> | |
441 | |
442 <para> | |
443 This is useful for those who may want to watch a film in "family-friendly" | |
444 mode. You can cut out any violence, profanity, Jar-Jar Binks .. from a movie | |
445 according to your own personal preferences. Aside from this, there are other | |
446 uses, like automatically skipping over commercials in video files you watch. | |
447 </para> | |
448 | |
449 <para> | |
18959 | 450 The EDL file format is pretty bare-bones. There is one command per line that |
451 indicates what to do (skip/mute) and when to do it (using pts in seconds). | |
11786 | 452 </para> |
453 | |
21521 | 454 <!-- ********** --> |
455 | |
11786 | 456 <sect2 id="edl_using"> |
457 <title>Using an EDL file</title> | |
21521 | 458 |
11786 | 459 <para> |
460 Include the <option>-edl <filename></option> flag when you run | |
461 <application>MPlayer</application>, with the name of the EDL file you | |
462 want applied to the video. | |
463 </para> | |
464 </sect2> | |
465 | |
21521 | 466 <!-- ********** --> |
467 | |
11786 | 468 <sect2 id="edl_making"> |
469 <title>Making an EDL file</title> | |
21521 | 470 |
11786 | 471 <para> |
472 The current EDL file format is: | |
21521 | 473 <programlisting>[begin second] [end second] [action]</programlisting> |
11786 | 474 Where the seconds are floating-point numbers and the action is either |
475 <literal>0</literal> for skip or <literal>1</literal> for mute. Example: | |
476 <programlisting> | |
477 5.3 7.1 0 | |
478 15 16.7 1 | |
479 420 422 0 | |
480 </programlisting> | |
481 This will skip from second 5.3 to second 7.1 of the video, then mute at | |
482 15 seconds, unmute at 16.7 seconds and skip from second 420 to second 422 | |
483 of the video. These actions will be performed when the playback timer | |
484 reaches the times given in the file. | |
485 </para> | |
486 | |
487 <para> | |
21521 | 488 To create an EDL file to work from, use the <option>-edlout |
489 <filename></option> flag. During playback, just hit <keycap>i</keycap> to | |
490 mark the beginning and end of a skip block. | |
491 A corresponding entry will be written to the file for that time. | |
492 You can then go back and fine-tune the generated EDL file as well as | |
18912 | 493 change the default operation which is to skip the block described by each line. |
11786 | 494 </para> |
495 </sect2> | |
21521 | 496 </sect1> |
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497 </chapter> |
11786 | 498 |
21521 | 499 |
500 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --> | |
11786 | 501 |
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502 |
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503 <chapter id="advaudio" xreflabel="Advanced Audio"> |
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504 <title>Advanced audio usage</title> |
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505 |
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506 <sect1 id="advaudio-surround"> |
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507 <title>Surround/Multichannel playback</title> |
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508 |
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509 <sect2 id="advaudio-surround-DVD"> |
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510 <title>DVDs</title> |
21521 | 511 |
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512 <para> |
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513 Most DVDs and many other files include surround sound. |
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514 <application>MPlayer</application> supports surround playback but does not |
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515 enable it by default because stereo equipment is by far more common. To play a |
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516 file that has more than two channels of audio use <option>-channels</option>. |
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517 For example, to play a DVD with 5.1 audio: |
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518 <screen>mplayer dvd://1 -channels 6</screen> |
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519 Note that despite the name "5.1" there are actually six discrete channels. |
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520 If you have surround sound equipment it is safe to put the |
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521 <option>channels</option> option in your <application>MPlayer</application> |
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522 configuration file <filename>~/.mplayer/config</filename>. For example, to make |
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523 quadraphonic playback the default, add this line: |
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524 <programlisting>channels=4</programlisting> |
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525 <application>MPlayer</application> will then output audio in four channels when |
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526 all four channels are available. |
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527 </para> |
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528 </sect2> |
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529 |
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530 |
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531 <sect2 id="advaudio-surround-stereoinfour"> |
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532 <title>Playing stereo files to four speakers</title> |
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533 |
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534 <para> |
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535 <application>MPlayer</application> does not duplicate any channels by default, |
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536 and neither do most audio drivers. If you want to do that manually: |
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537 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af channels=2:2:0:1:0:0</screen> |
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538 See the section on |
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539 <link linkend="advaudio-channels-copying">channel copying</link> for an |
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540 explanation. |
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541 </para> |
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542 </sect2> |
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543 |
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544 |
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545 <sect2 id="advaudio-surround-passthrough"> |
24036 | 546 <title>AC-3/DTS Passthrough</title> |
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547 |
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548 <para> |
24036 | 549 DVDs usually have surround audio encoded in AC-3 (Dolby Digital) or DTS |
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550 (Digital Theater System) format. Some modern audio equipment is capable of |
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551 decoding these formats internally. <application>MPlayer</application> can be |
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552 configured to relay the audio data without decoding it. This will only work if |
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553 you have a S/PDIF (Sony/Philips Digital Interface) jack in your sound card. |
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554 </para> |
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555 |
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556 <para> |
24036 | 557 If your audio equipment can decode both AC-3 and DTS, you can safely enable |
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558 passthrough for both formats. Otherwise, enable passthrough for only the format |
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559 your equipment supports. |
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560 </para> |
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561 |
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562 <itemizedlist> |
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563 <title>To enable passthrough on the command line:</title> |
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564 <listitem><para> |
24036 | 565 For AC-3 only, use <option>-ac hwac3</option> |
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566 </para></listitem> |
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567 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 568 For DTS only, use <option>-ac hwdts</option> |
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569 </para></listitem> |
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570 <listitem><para> |
24036 | 571 For both AC-3 and DTS, use <option>-afm hwac3</option> |
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572 </para></listitem> |
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573 </itemizedlist> |
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574 |
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575 <itemizedlist> |
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576 <title>To enable passthrough in the <application>MPlayer</application> |
21732 | 577 configuration file: </title> |
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578 <listitem><para> |
24036 | 579 For AC-3 only, use <option>ac=hwac3,</option> |
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580 </para></listitem> |
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581 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 582 For DTS only, use <option>ac=hwdts,</option> |
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583 </para></listitem> |
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584 <listitem><para> |
24036 | 585 For both AC-3 and DTS, use <option>afm=hwac3</option> |
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586 </para></listitem> |
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587 </itemizedlist> |
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588 |
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589 <para> |
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590 Note that there is a comma (",") at the end of |
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591 <option>ac=hwac3,</option> and <option>ac=hwdts,</option>. This will make |
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592 <application>MPlayer</application> fall back on the codecs it normally uses when |
24036 | 593 playing a file that does not have AC-3 or DTS audio. |
21732 | 594 <option>afm=hwac3</option> does not need a comma; |
595 <application>MPlayer</application> will fall back anyway when an audio family | |
596 is specified. | |
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597 </para> |
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598 </sect2> |
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599 |
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600 |
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601 <sect2 id="hwmpa-surround-passthrough"> |
17432 | 602 <title>MPEG audio Passthrough</title> |
603 | |
604 <para> | |
28966 | 605 Digital TV transmissions (such as DVB and ATSC) and some DVDs usually have |
17432 | 606 MPEG audio streams (in particular MP2). |
28966 | 607 Some MPEG hardware decoders such as full-featured DVB cards and DXR2 |
608 adapters can natively decode this format. | |
609 <application>MPlayer</application> can be configured to relay the audio data | |
17432 | 610 without decoding it. |
611 </para> | |
612 | |
613 <para> | |
614 To use this codec: | |
615 <screen> mplayer -ac hwmpa </screen> | |
616 </para> | |
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617 </sect2> |
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618 |
21521 | 619 |
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620 <sect2 id="advaudio-surround-matrix"> |
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621 <title>Matrix-encoded audio</title> |
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622 |
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623 <para> |
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624 <emphasis>***TODO***</emphasis> |
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625 </para> |
21521 | 626 |
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627 <para> |
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628 This section has yet to be written and cannot be completed until somebody |
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629 provides sample files for us to test. If you have any matrix-encoded audio |
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630 files, know where to find some, or have any information that could be helpful, |
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631 please send a message to the |
19709 | 632 <ulink url="http://lists.mplayerhq.hu/mailman/listinfo/mplayer-docs">MPlayer-DOCS</ulink> |
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633 mailing list. Put "[matrix-encoded audio]" in the subject line. |
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634 </para> |
21521 | 635 |
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636 <para> |
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637 If no files or further information are forthcoming this section will be dropped. |
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638 </para> |
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639 |
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640 <para> |
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641 Good links: |
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642 <itemizedlist> |
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643 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 644 <ulink url="http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/surround-sound5.htm">http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/surround-sound5.htm</ulink> |
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645 </para></listitem> |
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646 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 647 <ulink url="http://www.extremetech.com/article2/0,1697,1016875,00.asp">http://www.extremetech.com/article2/0,1697,1016875,00.asp</ulink> |
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648 </para></listitem> |
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649 </itemizedlist> |
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650 </para> |
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651 </sect2> |
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652 |
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653 |
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654 <sect2 id="advaudio-surround-hrtf"> |
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655 <title>Surround emulation in headphones</title> |
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656 |
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657 <para> |
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658 <application>MPlayer</application> includes an HRTF (Head Related Transfer |
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659 Function) filter based on an |
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660 <ulink url="http://sound.media.mit.edu/KEMAR.html">MIT project</ulink> |
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661 wherein measurements were taken from microphones mounted on a dummy human head. |
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662 </para> |
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663 |
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664 <para> |
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665 Although it is not possible to exactly imitate a surround system, |
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666 <application>MPlayer</application>'s HRTF filter does provide more spatially |
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667 immersive audio in 2-channel headphones. Regular downmixing simply combines all |
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668 the channels into two; besides combining the channels, <option>hrtf</option> |
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669 generates subtle echoes, increases the stereo separation slightly, and alters |
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670 the volume of some frequencies. Whether HRTF sounds better may be dependent on |
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671 the source audio and a matter of personal taste, but it is definitely worth |
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672 trying out. |
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673 </para> |
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674 |
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675 <para> |
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676 To play a DVD with HRTF: |
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677 <screen>mplayer dvd://1 -channels 6 -af hrtf</screen> |
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678 </para> |
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679 |
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680 <para> |
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681 <option>hrtf</option> only works well with 5 or 6 channels. Also, |
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682 <option>hrtf</option> requires 48 kHz audio. DVD audio is already 48 kHz, but if |
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683 you have a file with a different sampling rate that you want to play using |
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684 <option>hrtf</option> you must resample it: |
21521 | 685 <screen> |
686 mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -channels 6 -af resample=48000,hrtf | |
687 </screen> | |
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688 </para> |
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689 </sect2> |
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690 |
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691 |
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692 <sect2 id="advaudio-surround-troubleshooting"> |
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693 <title>Troubleshooting</title> |
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694 |
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695 <para> |
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696 If you do not hear any sound out of your surround channels, check your mixer |
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697 settings with a mixer program such as <application>alsamixer</application>; |
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698 audio outputs are often muted and set to zero volume by default. |
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699 </para> |
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700 </sect2> |
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701 </sect1> |
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702 |
21521 | 703 <!-- ********** --> |
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704 |
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705 <sect1 id="advaudio-channels"> |
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706 <title>Channel manipulation</title> |
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707 |
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708 <sect2 id="advaudio-channels-general"> |
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709 <title>General information</title> |
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710 |
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711 <para> |
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712 Unfortunately, there is no standard for how channels are ordered. The orders |
24036 | 713 listed below are those of AC-3 and are fairly typical; try them and see if your |
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714 source matches. Channels are numbered starting with 0. |
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715 |
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716 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
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717 <title>mono</title> |
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718 <listitem override="0"><para>center</para></listitem> |
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719 </orderedlist> |
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720 |
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721 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
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722 <title>stereo</title> |
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723 <listitem override="0"><para>left</para></listitem> |
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724 <listitem><para>right</para></listitem> |
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725 </orderedlist> |
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726 |
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727 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
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728 <title>quadraphonic</title> |
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729 <listitem override="0"><para>left front</para></listitem> |
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730 <listitem><para>right front</para></listitem> |
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731 <listitem><para>left rear</para></listitem> |
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732 <listitem><para>right rear</para></listitem> |
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733 </orderedlist> |
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734 |
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735 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
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736 <title>surround 4.0</title> |
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737 <listitem override="0"><para>left front</para></listitem> |
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738 <listitem><para>right front</para></listitem> |
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739 <listitem><para>center rear</para></listitem> |
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740 <listitem><para>center front</para></listitem> |
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741 </orderedlist> |
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742 |
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743 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
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744 <title>surround 5.0</title> |
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745 <listitem override="0"><para>left front</para></listitem> |
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746 <listitem><para>right front</para></listitem> |
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747 <listitem><para>left rear</para></listitem> |
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748 <listitem><para>right rear</para></listitem> |
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749 <listitem><para>center front</para></listitem> |
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750 </orderedlist> |
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751 |
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752 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
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753 <title>surround 5.1</title> |
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754 <listitem override="0"><para>left front</para></listitem> |
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755 <listitem><para>right front</para></listitem> |
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756 <listitem><para>left rear</para></listitem> |
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757 <listitem><para>right rear</para></listitem> |
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758 <listitem><para>center front</para></listitem> |
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|
759 <listitem><para>subwoofer</para></listitem> |
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760 </orderedlist> |
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761 </para> |
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|
762 |
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|
763 <para> |
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764 The <option>-channels</option> option is used to request the number of |
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|
765 channels from the audio decoder. Some audio codecs use the number of specified |
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|
766 channels to decide if downmixing the source is necessary. Note that this does |
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767 not always affect the number of output channels. For example, using |
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768 <option>-channels 4</option> to play a stereo MP3 file will still result in |
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|
769 2-channel output since the MP3 codec will not produce the extra channels. |
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770 </para> |
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771 |
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772 <para> |
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773 The <option>channels</option> audio filter can be used to create or remove |
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774 channels and is useful for controlling the number of channels sent to the sound |
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775 card. See the following sections for more information on channel manipulation. |
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776 </para> |
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777 </sect2> |
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778 |
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|
779 |
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780 <sect2 id="advaudio-channels-mono"> |
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781 <title>Playing mono with two speakers</title> |
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782 |
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783 <para> |
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784 Mono sounds a lot better when played through two speakers - especially when |
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|
785 using headphones. Audio files that truly have one channel are automatically |
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|
786 played through two speakers; unfortunately, most files with mono sound are |
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|
787 actually encoded as stereo with one channel silent. The easiest and most |
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|
788 foolproof way to make both speakers output the same audio is the |
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|
789 <option>extrastereo</option> filter: |
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790 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af extrastereo=0</screen> |
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791 </para> |
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792 |
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793 <para> |
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794 This averages both channels, resulting in both channels being half as loud as |
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795 the original. The next sections have examples of other ways to do this without a |
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796 volume decrease, but they are more complex and require different options |
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797 depending on which channel to keep. If you really need to maintain the volume, |
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798 it may be easier to experiment with the <option>volume</option> filter and find |
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799 the right value. For example: |
21521 | 800 <screen> |
801 mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af extrastereo=0,volume=5 | |
802 </screen> | |
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803 </para> |
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804 </sect2> |
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805 |
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806 |
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807 <sect2 id="advaudio-channels-copying"> |
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808 <title>Channel copying/moving</title> |
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809 |
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810 <para> |
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811 The <option>channels</option> filter can move any or all channels. |
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812 Setting up all the suboptions for the <option>channels</option> |
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813 filter can be complicated and takes a little care. |
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814 |
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815 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
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816 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 817 Decide how many output channels you need. This is the first suboption. |
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818 </para></listitem> |
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819 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 820 Count how many channel moves you will do. This is the second suboption. Each |
821 channel can be moved to several different channels at the same time, but keep | |
822 in mind that when a channel is moved (even if to only one destination) the | |
823 source channel will be empty unless another channel is moved into it. To copy | |
824 a channel, keeping the source the same, simply move the channel into both the | |
825 destination and the source. For example: | |
826 <programlisting> | |
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827 channel 2 --> channel 3 |
21521 | 828 channel 2 --> channel 2<!-- |
829 --></programlisting> | |
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830 </para></listitem> |
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831 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 832 Write out the channel copies as pairs of suboptions. Note that the first |
833 channel is 0, the second is 1, etc. The order of these suboptions does not | |
834 matter as long as they are properly grouped into | |
21732 | 835 <replaceable>source:destination</replaceable> pairs. |
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836 </para></listitem> |
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837 </orderedlist> |
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838 </para> |
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839 |
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840 <bridgehead>Example: one channel in two speakers</bridgehead> |
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841 <para> |
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842 Here is an example of another way to play one channel in both speakers. Suppose |
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843 for this example that the left channel should be played and the right channel |
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844 discarded. Following the steps above: |
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845 <orderedlist> |
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846 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 847 In order to provide an output channel for each of the two speakers, the first |
848 suboption must be "2". | |
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849 </para></listitem> |
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850 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 851 The left channel needs to be moved to the right channel, and also must be |
852 moved to itself so it won't be empty. This is a total of two moves, making | |
853 the second suboption "2" as well. | |
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854 </para></listitem> |
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855 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 856 To move the left channel (channel 0) into the right channel (channel 1), the |
857 suboption pair is "0:1", "0:0" moves the left channel onto itself. | |
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858 </para></listitem> |
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859 </orderedlist> |
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860 Putting that all together gives: |
21521 | 861 <screen> |
862 mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af channels=2:2:0:1:0:0 | |
863 </screen> | |
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864 </para> |
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865 |
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866 <para> |
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867 The advantage this example has over <option>extrastereo</option> is that the |
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868 volume of each output channel is the same as the input channel. The disadvantage |
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869 is that the suboptions must be changed to "2:2:1:0:1:1" when the desired audio |
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870 is in the right channel. Also, it is more difficult to remember and type. |
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871 </para> |
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872 |
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873 <bridgehead>Example: left channel in two speakers shortcut</bridgehead> |
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874 <para> |
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875 There is actually a much easier way to use the <option>channels</option> filter |
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876 for playing the left channel in both speakers: |
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877 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af channels=1</screen> |
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878 The second channel is discarded and, with no further suboptions, the single |
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879 remaining channel is left alone. Sound card drivers automatically play |
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880 single-channel audio in both speakers. This only works when the desired channel |
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881 is on the left. |
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882 </para> |
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883 |
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884 <bridgehead>Example: duplicate front channels to the rear</bridgehead> |
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885 <para> |
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886 Another common operation is to duplicate the front channels and play them back |
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887 on the rear speakers of a quadraphonic setup. |
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888 <orderedlist> |
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889 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 890 There should be four output channels. The first suboption is "4". |
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891 </para></listitem> |
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892 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 893 Each of the two front channels needs to be moved to the corresponding rear |
894 channel and also to itself. This is four moves, so the second suboption is "4". | |
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895 </para></listitem> |
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896 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 897 The left front (channel 0) needs to moved to the left rear (channel 2): |
898 "0:2". The left front also needs to be moved to itself: "0:0". The right | |
899 front (channel 1) is moved to the right rear (channel 3): "1:3", and also to | |
900 itself: "1:1". | |
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901 </para></listitem> |
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902 </orderedlist> |
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903 Combine all the suboptions to get: |
21521 | 904 <screen> |
905 mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af channels=4:4:0:2:0:0:1:3:1:1 | |
906 </screen> | |
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907 </para> |
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908 </sect2> |
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909 |
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910 |
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911 <sect2 id="advaudio-channels-mixing"> |
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912 <title>Channel mixing</title> |
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913 |
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914 <para> |
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915 The <option>pan</option> filter can mix channels in user-specified proportions. |
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916 This allows for everything the <option>channels</option> filter can do and |
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917 more. Unfortunately, the suboptions are much more complicated. |
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918 <orderedlist> |
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919 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 920 Decide how many channels to work with. You may need to specify this with |
921 <option>-channels</option> and/or <option>-af channels</option>. | |
922 Later examples will show when to use which. | |
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923 </para></listitem> |
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924 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 925 Decide how many channels to feed into <option>pan</option> (further decoded |
926 channels are discarded). This is the first suboption, and it also controls how | |
927 many channels to employ for output. | |
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928 </para></listitem> |
21521 | 929 <listitem> |
930 <para> | |
931 The remaining suboptions specify how much of each channel gets mixed into each | |
932 other channel. This is the complicated part. To break the task down, split the | |
933 suboptions into several sets, one set for each output channel. Each suboption | |
934 within a set corresponds to an input channel. The number you specify will be | |
935 the percentage of the input channel that gets mixed into the output channel. | |
936 </para> | |
937 <para> | |
938 <option>pan</option> accepts values from 0 to 512, yielding 0% to 51200% of | |
939 the original volume. Be careful when using values greater than 1. Not only | |
940 can this give you very high volume, but if you exceed the sample range of | |
941 your sound card you may hear painful pops and clicks. If you want you can | |
942 follow <option>pan</option> with <option>,volume</option> to enable clipping, | |
943 but it is best to keep the values of <option>pan</option> low enough that | |
944 clipping is not necessary. | |
945 </para> | |
946 </listitem> | |
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947 </orderedlist> |
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948 </para> |
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949 |
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950 <bridgehead>Example: one channel in two speakers</bridgehead> |
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951 <para> |
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952 Here is yet another example for playing the left channel in two speakers. Follow |
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953 the steps above: |
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954 <orderedlist> |
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955 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 956 <option>pan</option> should output two channels, so the first |
957 suboption is "2". | |
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958 </para></listitem> |
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959 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 960 Since we have two input channels, there will be two sets of suboptions. |
961 Since there are also two output channels, | |
962 there will be two suboptions per set. | |
963 The left channel from the file should go with full volume to | |
964 the new left and the right channels. | |
965 Thus the first set of suboptions is "1:1". | |
966 The right channel should be discarded, so the second would be "0:0". | |
967 Any 0 values at the end can be left out, but for ease of | |
968 understanding we will keep them. | |
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969 </para></listitem> |
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970 </orderedlist> |
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971 Putting those options together gives: |
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972 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af pan=2:1:1:0:0</screen> |
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973 If the right channel is desired instead of the left, the suboptions to |
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974 <option>pan</option> will be "2:0:0:1:1". |
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975 </para> |
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976 |
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977 |
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978 <bridgehead>Example: left channel in two speakers shortcut</bridgehead> |
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979 <para> |
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980 As with <option>channels</option>, there is a shortcut that only works with the |
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981 left channel: |
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982 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af pan=1:1</screen> |
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983 Since <option>pan</option> has only one channel of input (the other channel is |
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984 discarded), there is only one set with one suboption, which specifies that the |
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985 only channel gets 100% of itself. |
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986 </para> |
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987 |
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988 <bridgehead>Example: downmixing 6-channel PCM</bridgehead> |
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989 <para> |
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990 <application>MPlayer</application>'s decoder for 6-channel PCM is not capable of |
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991 downmixing. Here is a way to downmix PCM using <option>pan</option>: |
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992 <orderedlist> |
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993 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 994 The number of output channels is 2, so the first suboption is "2". |
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995 </para></listitem> |
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996 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 997 With six input channels there will be six sets of options. Fortunately, |
998 since we only care about the output of the first two channels, we only need to | |
999 make two sets; the remaining four sets can be omitted. Beware that not all | |
1000 multichannel audio files have the same channel order! This example | |
24036 | 1001 demonstrates downmixing a file with the same channels as AC-3 5.1: |
21521 | 1002 <programlisting> |
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1003 0 - front left |
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1004 1 - front right |
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1005 2 - rear left |
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1006 3 - rear right |
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1007 4 - center front |
21521 | 1008 5 - subwoofer<!-- |
1009 --></programlisting> | |
1010 The first set of suboptions lists the percentages of the original volume, in | |
1011 order, which each output channel should receive from the | |
1012 front left channel: "1:0". | |
1013 The front right channel should go into the right output: "0:1". | |
1014 The same for the rear channels: "1:0" and "0:1". | |
1015 The center channel goes into both output channels with half volume: | |
1016 "0.5:0.5", and the subwoofer goes into both with full volume: "1:1". | |
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1017 </para></listitem> |
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1018 </orderedlist> |
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1019 Put all that together, for: |
21521 | 1020 <screen> |
1021 mplayer <replaceable>6-channel.wav</replaceable> -af pan=2:1:0:0:1:1:0:0:1:0.5:0.5:1:1 | |
1022 </screen> | |
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1023 The percentages listed above are only a rough example. Feel free to tweak them. |
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1024 </para> |
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1025 |
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1026 <bridgehead>Example: Playing 5.1 audio on big speakers without a subwoofer</bridgehead> |
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1027 <para> |
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1028 If you have a huge pair of front speakers you may not want to waste any money on |
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1029 buying a subwoofer for a complete 5.1 sound system. If you use |
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1030 <option>-channels 5</option> to request that liba52 decode 5.1 audio in 5.0, |
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1031 the subwoofer channel is simply discarded. If you want to distribute the |
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1032 subwoofer channel yourself you need to downmix manually with |
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1033 <option>pan</option>: |
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1034 <orderedlist> |
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1035 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 1036 Since <option>pan</option> needs to examine all six channels, specify |
1037 <option>-channels 6</option> so liba52 decodes them all. | |
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1038 </para></listitem> |
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1039 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 1040 <option>pan</option> outputs to only five channels, the first suboption is 5. |
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1041 </para></listitem> |
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1042 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 1043 Six input channels and five output channels means six sets of five suboptions. |
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1044 <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> |
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1045 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 1046 The left front channel only replicates onto itself: |
1047 "1:0:0:0:0" | |
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1048 </para></listitem> |
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1049 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 1050 Same for the right front channel: |
1051 "0:1:0:0:0" | |
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1052 </para></listitem> |
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1053 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 1054 Same for the left rear channel: |
1055 "0:0:1:0:0" | |
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1056 </para></listitem> |
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1057 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 1058 And also the same for the right rear channel: |
1059 "0:0:0:1:0" | |
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1060 </para></listitem> |
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1061 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 1062 Center front, too: |
1063 "0:0:0:0:1" | |
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1064 </para></listitem> |
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1065 <listitem><para> |
21521 | 1066 And now we have to decide what to do with the subwoofer, |
1067 e.g. half into front right and front left: | |
1068 "0.5:0.5:0:0:0" | |
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1069 </para></listitem> |
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1070 </itemizedlist> |
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1071 </para></listitem> |
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1072 </orderedlist> |
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1073 Combine all those options to get: |
21521 | 1074 <screen> |
1075 mplayer <replaceable>dvd://1</replaceable> -channels 6 -af pan=5:1:0:0:0:0:0:1:0:0:0:0:0:1:0:0:0:0:0:1:0:0:0:0:0:1:0.5:0.5:0:0:0 | |
1076 </screen> | |
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1077 </para> |
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1078 </sect2> |
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1079 </sect1> |
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1080 |
21521 | 1081 <!-- ********** --> |
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1082 |
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1083 <sect1 id="advaudio-volume"> |
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1084 <title>Software Volume adjustment</title> |
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1085 |
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1086 <para> |
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1087 Some audio tracks are too quiet to be heard comfortably without amplification. |
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1088 This becomes a problem when your audio equipment cannot amplify the signal for |
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1089 you. The <option>-softvol</option> option directs |
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1090 <application>MPlayer</application> to use an internal mixer. You can then use |
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1091 the volume adjustment keys (by default <keycap>9</keycap> and |
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1092 <keycap>0</keycap>) to reach much higher volume levels. Note that this does not |
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1093 bypass your sound card's mixer; <application>MPlayer</application> only |
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1094 amplifies the signal before sending it to your sound card. |
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1095 The following example is a good start: |
21521 | 1096 <screen> |
1097 mplayer <replaceable>quiet-file</replaceable> -softvol -softvol-max 300 | |
1098 </screen> | |
16406 | 1099 The <option>-softvol-max</option> option specifies the maximum allowable output |
1100 volume as a percentage of the | |
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1101 original volume. For example, <option>-softvol-max 200</option> would allow the |
16406 | 1102 volume to be adjusted up to twice its original level. |
1103 It is safe to specify a large value with | |
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1104 <option>-softvol-max</option>; the higher volume will not be used until you |
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1105 use the volume adjustment keys. The only disadvantage of a large value is that, |
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1106 since <application>MPlayer</application> adjusts volume by a percentage of the |
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1107 maximum, you will not have as precise control when using the volume adjustment |
16406 | 1108 keys. Use a lower value with <option>-softvol-max</option> and/or specify |
1109 <option>-volstep 1</option> if you need higher precision. | |
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1110 </para> |
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1111 |
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1112 <para> |
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1113 The <option>-softvol</option> option works by controlling the |
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1114 <option>volume</option> audio filter. If you want to play a file at a certain |
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1115 volume from the beginning you can specify <option>volume</option> manually: |
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1116 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>quiet-file</replaceable> -af volume=10</screen> |
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1117 This will play the file with a ten decibel gain. Be careful when using the |
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1118 <option>volume</option> filter - you could easily hurt your ears if you use |
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1119 too high a value. Start low and work your way up gradually until you get a feel |
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1120 for how much adjustment is required. Also, if you specify excessively high |
21521 | 1121 values, <option>volume</option> may need to clip the signal to avoid sending |
1122 your sound card data that is outside the allowable range; this will result in | |
16487 | 1123 distorted audio. |
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1124 </para> |
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1125 </sect1> |
9675 | 1126 </chapter> |