Mercurial > mplayer.hg
annotate DOCS/xml/fr/usage.xml @ 20521:5cf2bd4d0911
convert DOCS/fr and help/help_mp-fr.* to UTF-8
author | kraymer |
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date | Mon, 30 Oct 2006 20:22:00 +0000 |
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children | 07bac1122d39 |
rev | line source |
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20521 | 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> |
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2 <!-- synced with r20041 --> |
10109 | 3 <chapter id="usage"> |
4 <title>Utilisation</title> | |
5 | |
6 <sect1 id="commandline"> | |
7 <title>Ligne de commande</title> | |
8 | |
9 <para> | |
10 <application>MPlayer</application> utilise un ordre de lecture complexe. | |
20521 | 11 Il consiste en les options globales écrites en premier, par exemple |
10109 | 12 |
13 <screen>mplayer -vfm 5</screen> | |
14 | |
20521 | 15 et les options écrites après les noms de fichier, qui s'appliquent |
16 uniquement au nom de fichier/URL/autre donné, par exemple | |
10109 | 17 |
11736 | 18 <screen>mplayer -vfm 5 <replaceable>film1.avi</replaceable> <replaceable>film2.avi</replaceable> -vfm 4</screen> |
10109 | 19 </para> |
20 | |
21 <para> | |
22 Vous pouvez regrouper les noms de fichiers/URLs en utilisant <literal>{</literal> | |
23 et <literal>}</literal>. C'est utile avec l'option <option>-loop</option>: | |
24 | |
25 <screen>mplayer { 1.avi - loop 2 2.avi } -loop 3</screen> | |
26 | |
27 La commande ci-dessus jouera les fichiers dans cet ordre: 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2. | |
28 </para> | |
29 | |
30 <para> | |
31 Lecture d'un fichier: | |
32 <synopsis> | |
33 <command>mplayer</command><!-- | |
34 --> [<replaceable>options</replaceable>]<!-- | |
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35 --> [<replaceable>chemin</replaceable>/]<replaceable>fichier</replaceable> |
10109 | 36 </synopsis> |
37 </para> | |
38 | |
39 <para> | |
20521 | 40 Autre façon de lire un fichier: |
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41 <synopsis> |
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42 <command>mplayer</command><!-- |
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43 --> [<replaceable>options</replaceable>]<!-- |
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44 --> <replaceable>file:///chemin-uri-escaped</replaceable> |
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45 </synopsis> |
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46 </para> |
19407 | 47 |
48 <para> | |
10109 | 49 Lecture de plusieurs fichiers: |
50 <synopsis> | |
51 <command>mplayer</command><!-- | |
20521 | 52 --> [<replaceable>options par défaut</replaceable>]<!-- |
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53 --> [<replaceable>chemin</replaceable>/]<replaceable>fichier1</replaceable><!-- |
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54 --> [<replaceable>options pour fichier1</replaceable>]<!-- |
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55 --> <replaceable>fichier2</replaceable><!-- |
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56 --> [<replaceable>options pour fichier2</replaceable>] ... |
10109 | 57 </synopsis> |
58 </para> | |
59 | |
60 <para> | |
61 Lecture de VCD: | |
62 <synopsis> | |
63 <command>mplayer</command> [<replaceable>options</replaceable>]<!-- | |
20521 | 64 --> vcd://<replaceable>N°piste</replaceable><!-- |
10109 | 65 --> [-cdrom-device <replaceable>/dev/cdrom</replaceable>] |
66 </synopsis> | |
67 </para> | |
68 | |
69 <para> | |
70 Lecture de DVD: | |
71 <synopsis> | |
72 <command>mplayer</command> [<replaceable>options</replaceable>]<!-- | |
20521 | 73 --> dvd://<replaceable>N°titre</replaceable><!-- |
10109 | 74 --> [-dvd-device <replaceable>/dev/dvd</replaceable>] |
75 </synopsis> | |
76 </para> | |
77 | |
78 <para> | |
20521 | 79 Lecture à partir du web: |
10109 | 80 <synopsis> |
81 <command>mplayer</command> [<replaceable>options</replaceable>]<!-- | |
82 --> http://<replaceable>site.com/fichier.asf</replaceable> | |
83 </synopsis> | |
20521 | 84 (les listes de lecture peuvent également être utilisées) |
10109 | 85 </para> |
86 | |
87 <para> | |
20521 | 88 Lecture à partir de RTSP: |
10109 | 89 <synopsis> |
90 <command>mplayer</command> [<replaceable>options</replaceable>]<!-- | |
91 --> rtsp://<replaceable>serveur.exemple.com/nomFlux</replaceable> | |
92 </synopsis> | |
93 </para> | |
94 | |
95 <para> | |
96 Exemples: | |
97 <screen> | |
11736 | 98 mplayer -vo x11 <replaceable>/mnt/Films/Contact/contact2.mpg</replaceable> |
99 mplayer vcd://<replaceable>2</replaceable> -cd-rom-device <replaceable>/dev/hdc</replaceable> | |
100 mplayer -afm 3 <replaceable>/mnt/DVDtrailers/alien4.vob</replaceable> | |
101 mplayer dvd://<replaceable>1</replaceable> -dvd-device <replaceable>/dev/hdc</replaceable> | |
102 mplayer -abs 65536 -delay -0.4 -nobps <replaceable>~/films/test.avi</replaceable><!-- | |
10109 | 103 --></screen> |
104 </para> | |
105 </sect1> | |
106 | |
107 | |
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108 <sect1 id="subosd"> |
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109 <title>Sous-titres et OSD</title> |
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110 |
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111 <para> |
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112 <application>MPlayer</application> peut afficher des sous-titres durant le film. |
20521 | 113 Les formats suivants sont supportés: |
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114 <itemizedlist> |
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115 <listitem><para>VobSub</para></listitem> |
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116 <listitem><para>OGM</para></listitem> |
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117 <listitem><para>CC (closed caption)</para></listitem> |
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118 <listitem><para>MicroDVD</para></listitem> |
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119 <listitem><para>SubRip</para></listitem> |
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120 <listitem><para>SubViewer</para></listitem> |
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121 <listitem><para>Sami</para></listitem> |
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122 <listitem><para>VPlayer</para></listitem> |
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123 <listitem><para>RT</para></listitem> |
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124 <listitem><para>SSA</para></listitem> |
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125 <listitem><para>PJS (Phoenix Japanimation Society)</para></listitem> |
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126 <listitem><para>MPsub</para></listitem> |
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127 <listitem><para>AQTitle</para></listitem> |
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128 <listitem><para><ulink url="http://unicorn.us.com/jacosub/">JACOsub</ulink></para></listitem> |
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129 </itemizedlist> |
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130 </para> |
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131 |
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132 <para> |
20521 | 133 <application>MPlayer</application> peut convertir les formats précédemment listés |
134 (<emphasis role="bold">excepté les trois premiers</emphasis>) | |
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135 dans dans les formats de destinations suivants, en utilisant ces options: |
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136 <itemizedlist> |
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137 <listitem><para>MPsub: <option>-dumpmpsub</option></para></listitem> |
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138 <listitem><para>SubRip: <option>-dumpsrtsub</option></para></listitem> |
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139 <listitem><para>MicroDVD: <option>-dumpmicrodvdsub</option></para></listitem> |
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140 <listitem><para>JACOsub: <option>-dumpjacosub</option></para></listitem> |
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141 <listitem><para>Sami: <option>-dumpsami</option></para></listitem> |
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142 </itemizedlist> |
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143 </para> |
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144 |
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145 |
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146 <para> |
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147 <application>MEncoder</application> peut convertir les sous-titres DVD au format <link linkend="menc-feat-extractsub">VOBSub</link>. |
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148 </para> |
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149 |
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150 <para> |
20521 | 151 Les options en ligne de commande diffèrent légèrement suivant les différents formats: |
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152 </para> |
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153 |
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154 <formalpara> |
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155 <title>Sous-titres VOBSub</title> |
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156 <para> |
20521 | 157 Les sous-titres VOBSub consistent en un gros (plusieurs méga-octets) fichier <filename>.SUB</filename>, |
158 et d'éventuels fichiers <filename>.IDX</filename> et/ou <filename>.IFO</filename>. | |
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159 Si vous avez des fichiers tels que |
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160 <filename><replaceable>sample.sub</replaceable></filename>, |
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161 <filename><replaceable>sample.ifo</replaceable></filename> (optionnel), |
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162 <filename><replaceable>sample.idx</replaceable></filename> - |
20521 | 163 vous devrez passer à <application>MPlayer</application> l'option |
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164 <option>-vobsub sample [-vobsubid <replaceable>id</replaceable>]</option> |
20521 | 165 (éventuellement avec le chemin complet). L'option <option>-vobsubid</option> est comme l'option |
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166 <option>-sid</option> pour les DVDs, vous pouvez choisir les pistes de sous-titres (langues) avec. |
20521 | 167 Au cas où <option>-vobsubid</option> est omis, <application>MPLayer</application> essaiera |
168 d'utiliser les langues indiqués par l'option <option>-slang</option> et se rabattra sur l'objet | |
169 <systemitem>langidx</systemitem> du fichier <filename>.IDX</filename> pour définir la langue | |
170 de sous-titres. Si cela échoue, il n'y aura pas de sous-titres. | |
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171 </para> |
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172 </formalpara> |
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173 |
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174 <formalpara> |
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175 <title>Autres sous-titres</title> |
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176 <para> |
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177 Les autres formats consistent en un seul fichier texte contenant le timing, |
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178 l'emplacement et autres infos du texte. Utilisation: si vous avez un fichier tel que |
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179 <filename><replaceable>exemple.txt</replaceable></filename>, vous devrez passer l'option <option>-sub |
20521 | 180 exemple.txt</option> (éventuellement avec le chemin complet). |
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181 </para> |
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182 </formalpara> |
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183 |
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184 <variablelist> |
20521 | 185 <title>Réglage du timing et de l'emplacement des sous-titres:</title> |
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186 <varlistentry> |
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187 <term><option>-subdelay <replaceable>sec</replaceable></option></term> |
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188 <listitem><simpara> |
20521 | 189 Décale les sous-titres de <option><replaceable>sec</replaceable></option> secondes. |
190 Peut être négatif. La valeur est ajouté au compteur d'avancement du film (movie's time position counter). | |
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191 </simpara></listitem> |
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192 </varlistentry> |
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193 <varlistentry> |
20521 | 194 <term><option>-subfps <replaceable>DÉBIT</replaceable></option></term> |
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195 <listitem><simpara> |
20521 | 196 Spécifie le rapport trame/sec du fichier de sous-titres (nombre à virgule). |
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197 </simpara></listitem> |
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198 </varlistentry> |
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199 <varlistentry> |
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200 <term><option>-subpos <replaceable>0-100</replaceable></option></term> |
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201 <listitem><simpara> |
20521 | 202 Spécifie la position des sous-titres sur l'écran. |
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203 </simpara></listitem> |
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204 </varlistentry> |
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205 </variablelist> |
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206 |
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207 <para> |
20521 | 208 Si vous constatez un décalage progressif entre le film et les sous-titres en |
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209 utilisant un fichier de sous-titres MicroDVD, il est probable que la vitesse |
20521 | 210 du film et celle des sous-titres soient différentes. Veuillez noter que le format |
211 de sous-titres MicroDVD utilise des numéros de trames absolus pour sa synchronisation, | |
212 mais il ne contient pas d'information sur les fps et de ce fait l'option <option>-subfps</option> devrait être utilisée avec ce format. | |
213 Si vous voulez résoudre ce problème de manière permanente, | |
214 vous devez convertir manuellement le débit des trames du fichier de sous-titres. | |
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215 <application>MPlayer</application> peut faire cette conversion pour vous: |
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216 |
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217 <screen>mplayer -dumpmicrodvdsub -fps <replaceable>subtitles_fps</replaceable> -subfps |
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218 <replaceable>avi_fps</replaceable> -sub <replaceable>subtitle_filename</replaceable> |
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219 <replaceable>dummy.avi</replaceable></screen> |
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220 </para> |
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221 |
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222 <para> |
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223 A propos des sous-titres DVD, voir la section <link linkend="dvd">DVD</link>. |
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224 </para> |
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225 </sect1> |
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226 |
10109 | 227 <sect1 id="control"> |
20521 | 228 <title>Contrôles</title> |
10109 | 229 |
230 <para> | |
20521 | 231 <application>MPlayer</application> dispose d'une couche de contrôle pleinement |
232 configurable, qui vous permet de contrôler <application>MPlayer</application> | |
233 avec le clavier, la souris, le joystick ou une télécommande (en utilisant LIRC). | |
234 Voir la page de man pour une liste complète des contrôles clavier. | |
10109 | 235 </para> |
236 | |
237 | |
238 <sect2 id="ctrl-cfg"> | |
20521 | 239 <title>Configuration des contrôles</title> |
10109 | 240 |
241 <para> | |
242 <application>MPlayer</application> vous permet d'associer n'importe quel | |
20521 | 243 touche/bouton à n'importe quelle commande <application>MPlayer</application> en |
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244 utilisant un simple fichier de configuration. |
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245 La syntaxe consiste un nom de touche suivi d'une commande. Le fichier |
20521 | 246 de config par défaut est <filename>$HOME/.mplayer/input.conf</filename> mais cela |
247 peut être outrepassé en utilisant l'option <option>-input <replaceable>conf</replaceable></option> | |
248 (les chemins relatifs le sont par rapport à <filename>$HOME/.mplayer</filename>). | |
10109 | 249 </para> |
250 | |
14098 | 251 <para> |
20521 | 252 Vous pouvez obtenir une liste complète des touches supportées en tapant |
14098 | 253 <command>mplayer -input keylist</command> |
20521 | 254 et une liste complète des commandes disponibles en tapant |
14098 | 255 <command>mplayer -input cmdlist</command>. |
256 </para> | |
257 | |
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258 <example id="input_control_file"> |
20521 | 259 <title>Un simple fichier de contrôles</title> |
10109 | 260 <programlisting> |
261 ## | |
262 ## MPlayer input control file | |
263 ## | |
264 | |
265 RIGHT seek +10 | |
266 LEFT seek -10 | |
267 - audio_delay 0.100 | |
268 + audio_delay -0.100 | |
269 q quit | |
270 > pt_step 1 | |
271 < pt_step -1 | |
272 ENTER pt_step 1 1<!-- | |
273 --></programlisting> | |
274 </example> | |
275 </sect2> | |
276 | |
277 | |
278 <sect2 id="lirc"> | |
279 <title>Control from LIRC</title> | |
280 | |
281 <para> | |
20521 | 282 Linux Infrared Remote Control - utilisez un récepteur infrarouge fait |
283 maison, une télécommande, et contrôlez votre linux à distance ! Plus d'infos | |
14098 | 284 sur <ulink url="http://www.lirc.org">la page de LIRC</ulink>. |
10109 | 285 </para> |
286 | |
287 <para> | |
20521 | 288 Si vous avez installé le paquet LIRC, <filename>configure</filename> le détectera |
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289 automatiquement. |
20521 | 290 Si tout s'est bien passé, <application>MPlayer</application> affichera un |
14098 | 291 message du genre "<computeroutput>Setting up LIRC support...</computeroutput>" |
20521 | 292 au démarrage. Si une erreur se produit il vous le dira. Si il ne vous dit |
293 rien à propos de LIRC c'est que son support n'est pas compilé. C'est tout :-) | |
10109 | 294 </para> |
295 | |
296 <para> | |
20521 | 297 Le nom de l'application à lancer avec <application>MPlayer</application> est |
10109 | 298 - oh surprise - <filename>mplayer</filename>. Vous pouvez utiliser n'importe |
20521 | 299 quelle commande <application>MPlayer</application> et même passer plus d'une commande |
300 en les séparant avec <literal>\n</literal>. | |
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301 N'oubliez pas d'activer le flag repeat dans <filename>.lircrc</filename> quand cela |
20521 | 302 est approprié (déplacement, volume, etc). |
14098 | 303 Voici un extrait d'un fichier d'exemple |
10109 | 304 <filename>.lircrc</filename>: |
305 </para> | |
306 | |
307 <programlisting> | |
308 begin | |
309 button = VOLUME_PLUS | |
310 prog = mplayer | |
311 config = volume 1 | |
312 repeat = 1 | |
313 end | |
314 | |
315 begin | |
316 button = VOLUME_MINUS | |
317 prog = mplayer | |
318 config = volume -1 | |
319 repeat = 1 | |
320 end | |
321 | |
322 begin | |
323 button = CD_PLAY | |
324 prog = mplayer | |
325 config = pause | |
326 end | |
327 | |
328 begin | |
329 button = CD_STOP | |
330 prog = mplayer | |
331 config = seek 0 1\npause | |
332 end<!-- | |
333 --></programlisting> | |
334 | |
335 <para> | |
336 Si vous n'aimez pas l'emplacement standard du fichier de config de lirc | |
337 (<filename>~/.lircrc</filename>) utilisez <option>-lircconf | |
20521 | 338 <replaceable>nomfichier</replaceable></option> pour spécifier un autre fichier. |
10109 | 339 </para> |
340 </sect2> | |
341 | |
342 | |
343 <sect2 id="slave-mode"> | |
344 <title>Mode esclave</title> | |
345 <para> | |
20521 | 346 Le mode esclave vous permet de construire un frontend à |
347 <application>MPlayer</application>. Quand il est activé (avec | |
10109 | 348 <option>-slave</option>) <application>MPlayer</application> lit les commandes |
20521 | 349 séparées par un saut de ligne (\n) depuis l'entrée par défaut (stdin). |
350 Les commandes sont documentées dans le fichier | |
14098 | 351 <ulink url="../../tech/slave.txt">slave.txt</ulink>. |
10109 | 352 </para> |
353 </sect2> | |
354 </sect1> | |
355 | |
356 | |
357 <sect1 id="streaming"> | |
20521 | 358 <title>Streaming depuis le réseau ou les pipes</title> |
10109 | 359 |
360 <para> | |
20521 | 361 <application>MPlayer</application> peut lire des fichiers depuis le réseau, en |
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362 utilisant les protocoles HTTP, FTP, MMS ou RTSP/RTP. |
10109 | 363 </para> |
364 | |
365 <para> | |
20521 | 366 La lecture se fait juste en ajoutant l'URL à la ligne de commande. |
367 <application>MPlayer</application> utilise également la variable d'environnement | |
14098 | 368 <envar>http_proxy</envar>, et utilise le proxy si disponible. L'utilisation du proxy |
20521 | 369 peut aussi être forcé: |
11736 | 370 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>http_proxy://proxy.micorsops.com:3128/http://micorsops.com:80/stream.asf</replaceable></screen> |
10109 | 371 </para> |
372 | |
373 <para> | |
374 <application>MPlayer</application> peut lire depuis stdin | |
20521 | 375 (<emphasis>pas</emphasis> depuis les pipes nommés). Cela peut être utilisé par |
10109 | 376 exemple pour lire depuis le FTP: |
11736 | 377 <screen>wget <replaceable>ftp://micorsops.com/quelquechose.avi</replaceable> -O - | mplayer -</screen> |
10109 | 378 </para> |
379 | |
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380 <note><para> |
20521 | 381 Il est également recommandé d'activer <option>-cache</option> pour une lecture |
382 depuis le réseau: | |
11736 | 383 <screen>wget <replaceable>ftp://micorsops.com/quelquechose.avi</replaceable> -O - | mplayer -cache 8192 -</screen> |
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384 </para></note> |
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385 |
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386 <sect2 id="streaming-save"> |
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387 <title>Sauvegarder du contenu flux</title> |
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388 <para> |
20521 | 389 Une fois que vous avez réussi à faire <application>MPlayer</application> lire |
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390 votre flux internet favorit, vous pouvez utiliser l'option |
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391 <option>-dumpstream</option> pour sauvegarder le flux dans un fichier. |
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392 Par exemple: |
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393 <screen> |
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394 mplayer <replaceable>http://217.71.208.37:8006</replaceable> -dumpstream -dumpfile <replaceable>stream.asf</replaceable> |
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395 </screen> |
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396 sauvegardera le contenu en flux depuis |
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397 <replaceable>http://217.71.208.37:8006</replaceable> vers |
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398 <replaceable>stream.asf</replaceable>. |
20521 | 399 Cela marche avec tous les protocoles supportés par |
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400 <application>MPlayer</application>, comme MMS, RSTP, et bien d'autre encore. |
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401 </para> |
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402 </sect2> |
10109 | 403 </sect1> |
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404 |
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405 <sect1 id="mpst" xreflabel="Remote streams"> |
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406 <title>Flux distants</title> |
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407 |
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408 <para> |
20521 | 409 Les flux distants vous permettent d'accéder à la plupart des types de flux de |
410 <application>MPlayer</application> depuis un hôte distant. Le but de cette fonction | |
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411 est de rendre possible l'utilisation du lecteur CD ou DVD d'un autre ordinateur |
20521 | 412 sur le réseau (en supposant que vous ayez une bande passante suffisante). Malheureusement |
413 certains types de flux (pour l'instant TV et MF) ne sont pas utilisables à | |
414 distance car ils sont implémentés au niveau du demuxer. C'est triste pour les | |
415 flux MF mais les flux TV nécessiteraient une bande passante incensée. | |
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416 </para> |
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417 |
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418 <sect2 id="compile_mpst_server"> |
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419 <title>Compilation du serveur</title> |
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420 <para> |
20521 | 421 Après avoir compilé <application>MPlayer</application>, allez dans le répertoire |
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422 <filename>TOOLS/netstream</filename> et tapez |
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423 <application>make</application> pour compiler le serveur. |
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424 Vous pouvez ensuite copier le binaire <application>netstream</application> |
20521 | 425 dans l'endroit approprié sur votre système (généralement |
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426 <filename class="directory">/usr/local/bin</filename> sous Linux). |
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427 </para> |
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428 </sect2> |
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429 |
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430 <sect2 id="use_mpst"> |
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431 <title>Utilisation de flux distants</title> |
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432 <para> |
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433 Tout d'abord vous devez lancer le serveur sur l'ordinateur auquel vous souhaitez |
20521 | 434 accéder à distance. Actuellement le serveur est très basique et n'accepte aucun |
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435 argument en ligne de commande, donc tapez juste <filename>netstream</filename>. |
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436 Maintenant vous pouvez par exemple jouer la seconde piste d'un VCD sur le serveur avec: |
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437 <screen> |
11736 | 438 mplayer -cache 5000 <replaceable>mpst://serveur/vcd://2</replaceable> |
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439 </screen> |
20521 | 440 Vous pouvez aussi accéder aux fichiers de ce serveur: |
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441 |
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442 <screen> |
11736 | 443 mplayer -cache 5000 <replaceable>mpst://serveur//usr/local/films/lol.avi</replaceable> |
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444 </screen> |
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445 Veuillez noter que les chemins qui ne commencent pas par un / seront relatifs |
20521 | 446 au répertoire dans lequel le serveur fonctionne. L'option <option>-cache</option> |
447 n'est pas requise mais vivement recommandée. | |
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448 </para> |
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449 |
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450 <para> |
20521 | 451 Soyez conscient que pour l'instant le serveur n'est pas sécurisé du tout. Donc |
452 ne vous plaignez pas des nombreuses attaques possibles par cette voie. À la place | |
453 envoyez-nous quelques (bons) patches pour le rendre meilleur ou écrivez votre propre | |
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454 serveur. |
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455 </para> |
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456 |
11844 | 457 </sect2> |
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458 |
11844 | 459 </sect1> |
460 | |
461 <sect1 id="edl" xreflabel="Edit Decision Lists (EDL)"> | |
20521 | 462 <title>Listes d'Edition de Décision (EDL)</title> |
11844 | 463 |
464 <para> | |
20521 | 465 Le système de liste d'édition de décision (Edit Decision Lists - EDL) vous |
466 permet de sauter ou rendre muet des sections de vidéos pendant la lecture, | |
467 basé sur un fichier de configuration EDL spécifique au film. | |
11844 | 468 </para> |
469 | |
470 <para> | |
471 Ceci est utile pour ceux qui veulent voir un film en mode "tout public". | |
15014 | 472 Vous pouvez couper toute violence, profanation, Jar-Jar Binks .. d'un film |
20521 | 473 suivant vos préférences personnelles. A part ça, il y a d'autres |
474 utilisations, comme sauter automatiquement les publicités dans les fichiers vidéos | |
11844 | 475 que vous regardez. |
476 </para> | |
477 | |
478 <para> | |
20521 | 479 Le format de fichier EDL est plutôt rudimentaire. Il y a une commande par ligne |
480 qui défini ce qui doit être fait (couper ou rétablir le son) et quand il faut le faire. | |
11844 | 481 </para> |
482 | |
483 <sect2 id="edl_using"> | |
484 <title>Utiliser un fichier EDL</title> | |
485 <para> | |
486 Incluez l'option <option>-edl <nomfichier></option> quand vous lancez | |
487 <application>MPlayer</application>, avec le nom du fichier EDL que vous voulez | |
20521 | 488 appliquer à la vidéo. |
11844 | 489 </para> |
490 </sect2> | |
491 | |
492 <sect2 id="edl_making"> | |
493 <title>Faire un fichier EDL</title> | |
494 <para> | |
495 Le format de fichier actuel EDL est: | |
496 <programlisting> | |
20521 | 497 [seconde de départ] [seconde de fin] [action] |
11844 | 498 </programlisting> |
20521 | 499 Où les secondes sont des nombres à virgule et l'action est soit |
11844 | 500 <literal>0</literal> pour sauter, soit <literal>1</literal> pour couper le son. |
501 Exemple: | |
502 <programlisting> | |
503 5.3 7.1 0 | |
504 15 16.7 1 | |
505 420 422 0 | |
506 </programlisting> | |
20521 | 507 Cela va sauter de la seconde 5.3 à la seconde 7.1 de la vidéo, puis va couper |
508 le son à 15 secondes, le remettre à 16.7 secondes et sauter de la seconde 420 | |
509 à la seconde 422 de la vidéo. Ces actions seront appliquées quand le temps de | |
510 lecture aura atteint le temps indiqué dans le fichier. | |
11844 | 511 </para> |
512 | |
513 <para> | |
20521 | 514 Pour créer un fichier EDL à partir duquel travailler, utilisez l'option |
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515 <option>-edlout <nomfichier></option>. Durant la lecture, pressez |
20521 | 516 la touche <keycap>i</keycap> pour marquer le début et la fin du passage à sauter. |
517 Une entrée correspondante sera ajoutée au fichier pour cette fois-ci. Vous pouvez | |
518 ensuite ajuster de manière plus précise le fichier EDL ainsi que changer l'opération | |
519 par défaut qui est de sauter le passage décrit par chaque ligne. | |
11844 | 520 </para> |
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521 </sect2> |
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522 |
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523 </sect1> |
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524 |
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525 <sect1 id="advaudio" xreflabel="Advanced Audio"> |
20521 | 526 <title>Audio Avancé</title> |
19407 | 527 |
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528 <sect2 id="advaudio-surround"> |
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529 <title>Lecture Surround/Multi-canal</title> |
19407 | 530 |
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531 <sect3 id="advaudio-surround-DVD"> |
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532 <title>DVDs</title> |
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533 <para> |
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534 La plupart des DVDs et beaucoup d'autres fichiers incluent le son surround. |
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535 <application>MPlayer</application> supporte la lecture surround mais ne les |
20521 | 536 activent pas par défaut parce que les équipement stéréos sont de loin plus communs. |
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537 Pour jouer un fichier qui ont plus de deux canaux audio utilisez |
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538 <option>-channels</option>. |
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539 Par exemple, pour jouer un DVD avec l'audio 5.1: |
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540 |
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541 <screen>mplayer dvd://1 -channels 6</screen> |
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542 |
20521 | 543 Notez que en dépit du nom "5.1" il y a couramment six canaux discret. |
544 Si vous avez l'équipement pour le son surround il est de précaution de mettre | |
19407 | 545 l'option <option>channels</option> dans votre fichier de configuration de |
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546 <application>MPlayer</application> <filename>~/.mplayer/config</filename>. |
20521 | 547 Par exemple, pour faire une lecture quadriphonique par défaut, ajoutez cette |
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548 ligne: |
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549 |
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550 <programlisting>channels=4</programlisting> |
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551 |
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552 <application>MPlayer</application> sortira alors l'audio en quatre canaux quand |
17202 | 553 les quatres canaux sont tous disponibles. |
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554 </para> |
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555 </sect3> |
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556 |
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557 |
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558 <sect3 id="advaudio-surround-stereoinfour"> |
20521 | 559 <title>Lire des fichiers stéréo sur quatre haut-parleurs</title> |
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560 |
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561 <para> |
20521 | 562 <application>MPlayer</application> ne duplique aucun canal par défaut, |
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563 et la plupart des pilotes audio ne le font pas non plus. Si vous voulez le faire manuellement: |
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564 |
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565 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af channels=2:2:0:1:0:0</screen> |
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566 |
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567 Voir la section sur |
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568 <link linkend="advaudio-channels-copying">canal en copie</link> pour une |
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569 explication. |
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570 </para> |
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571 |
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572 </sect3> |
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573 |
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574 |
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575 <sect3 id="advaudio-surround-passthrough"> |
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576 <title>AC3/DTS Passthrough</title> |
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577 |
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578 <para> |
20521 | 579 Les DVDs ont habituellement l'audio surround encodé en format AC3 (Dolby Digital) ou DTS |
580 (Digital Theater System). Certains équipements audio moderne sont capables de | |
581 décoder ces formats de façon interne. <application>MPlayer</application> peut être | |
582 configuré pour relayer les données audio sans le décodé. Cela ne marchera que si | |
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583 vous avez you have une connectique S/PDIF (Sony/Philips Digital Interface) sur |
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584 votre carte son. |
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585 </para> |
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586 |
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587 <para> |
20521 | 588 Si votre équipement audio peux décoder AC3 et DTS, vous pouvez sans risque activer |
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589 le passthrough pour les deux formats. Autrement, activez le passthrough pour le seul format |
20521 | 590 votre équipement supporte. |
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591 </para> |
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592 |
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593 <itemizedlist> |
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594 <title>Pour activer le passthrough en ligne de commande:</title> |
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595 <listitem><para> |
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596 Pour l'AC3 seul, utilisez <option>-ac hwac3</option> |
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597 </para></listitem> |
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598 <listitem><para> |
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599 Pour le DTS seul, utilisez <option>-ac hwdts</option> |
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600 </para></listitem> |
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601 <listitem><para> |
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602 Pour l'ensemble AC3 et DTS, utilisez <option>-afm hwac3</option> |
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603 </para></listitem> |
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604 </itemizedlist> |
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605 |
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606 <itemizedlist> |
19407 | 607 <title>Pour activer le passthrough dans le fichier de configuration |
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608 de <application>MPlayer</application>: </title> |
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609 <listitem><para> |
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610 Pour l'AC3 seul, utilisez <option>ac=hwac3,</option> |
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611 </para></listitem> |
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612 <listitem><para> |
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613 Pour le DTS seul, utilisez <option>ac=hwdts,</option> |
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614 </para></listitem> |
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615 <listitem><para> |
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616 Pour l'ensemble AC3 et DTS, utilisez <option>afm=hwac3</option> |
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617 </para></listitem> |
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618 </itemizedlist> |
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619 |
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620 <para> |
20521 | 621 Notez qu'il y a une virgule (",") à la fin de |
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622 <option>ac=hwac3,</option> et <option>ac=hwdts,</option>. |
20521 | 623 Cela permettra à <application>MPlayer</application> de retomber sur les |
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624 codecs qu'il utilise normalement lors de la lecture d'un fichier qui n'a |
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625 pas l'audio en AC3 ou DTS. |
20521 | 626 <option>afm=hwac3</option> n'a pas besoin d'une virgule; de toute façon |
627 <application>MPlayer</application> reviendra en arrière lorsqu'une famille | |
628 d'audio est spécifiée. | |
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629 </para> |
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630 |
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631 </sect3> |
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632 |
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633 <sect3 id="hwmpa-surround-passthrough"> |
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634 <title>PasseBande audio MPEG</title> |
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635 |
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636 <para> |
20521 | 637 Les transmissions TV numérique (comme DVB et ATSC) et certains DVD ont |
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638 habituellement des flux audio MPEG (en particulier MP2). |
20521 | 639 Certains décodeurs matériels MPEG comme les cartes DVB complètes et les |
640 adaptateurs DXR2 peuvent décoder nativement ce format. | |
641 <application>MPlayer</application> peut être configuré pour relayer les | |
642 données audio sans les décoder. | |
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643 </para> |
19407 | 644 |
18098
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645 <para> |
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646 Pour utiliser ce codec: |
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647 <screen> mplayer -ac hwmpa </screen> |
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648 </para> |
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649 </sect3> |
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650 |
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651 <sect3 id="advaudio-surround-matrix"> |
20521 | 652 <title>Audio à encodage matriciel</title> |
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653 |
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654 <para> |
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655 <emphasis>***TODO***</emphasis> |
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656 </para> |
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657 <para> |
20521 | 658 Cette section doit encore être écrite et ne peut être complétée tant que personne ne nous |
659 a fourni des fichiers d'exemple à tester. Si vous avez quelconques fichiers audio à | |
660 encodage matriciel en votre possession,que savez où en trouver, ou avez quelconques informations | |
661 qui pourraient être utiles, veuillez envoyer un message à la liste de diffusion | |
20205
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662 <ulink url="http://lists.mplayerhq.hu/mailman/listinfo/mplayer-docs">MPlayer-DOCS</ulink>. |
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663 Mettez "[matrix-encoded audio]" en sujet du mail. |
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664 </para> |
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665 <para> |
20521 | 666 Si aucuns fichiers ou de plus amples informations ne sont reçues cette section sera enlevée. |
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667 </para> |
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668 |
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669 <para> |
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670 Liens Bon: |
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671 <itemizedlist> |
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672 <listitem><para> |
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673 <ulink url="http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/surround-sound5.htm">http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/surround-sound5.htm</ulink> |
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674 </para></listitem> |
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675 <listitem><para> |
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676 <ulink url="http://www.extremetech.com/article2/0,1697,1016875,00.asp">http://www.extremetech.com/article2/0,1697,1016875,00.asp</ulink> |
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677 </para></listitem> |
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678 </itemizedlist> |
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679 </para> |
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680 |
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681 </sect3> |
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682 |
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683 |
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684 <sect3 id="advaudio-surround-hrtf"> |
20521 | 685 <title>Emulation Surround dans les écouteurs</title> |
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686 |
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687 <para> |
17202 | 688 <application>MPlayer</application> inclu un filtre HRTF (Head Related Transfer |
20521 | 689 Function) basé sur un |
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690 <ulink url="http://sound.media.mit.edu/KEMAR.html">projet MIT</ulink> |
20521 | 691 où des mesures ont été prises depuis des microphones montés sur une tête humaine factice. |
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692 </para> |
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693 |
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694 <para> |
20521 | 695 Bien que il ne soit pas possible de reproduire exactement un système surround, |
19407 | 696 le filtre HRTF de <application>MPlayer</application> fourni une immersion audio |
20521 | 697 plus spatiale avec les systèmes d'écoute stéréo. |
698 La plupart des techniques de mixage consistent à simplement fusionner tous les | |
699 canaux en deux; En plus de cette fusion, <option>hrtf</option> génére de | |
700 subtils échos, augmente un peu la séparation stéréo, et altère le volume de | |
701 certaines fréquences. | |
702 Si HRTF sonne mieux gardez à l'esprit que tout ceci est dépendant de la | |
703 source audio et est une question de goût personnel, mais cela vaut vraiment le | |
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704 coup d'essayer. |
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705 </para> |
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706 |
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707 <para> |
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708 Pour jouer un DVD avec le HRTF: |
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709 |
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710 <screen>mplayer dvd://1 -channels 6 -af hrtf</screen> |
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711 |
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712 </para> |
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713 |
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714 <para> |
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715 <option>hrtf</option> ne marche bien que avec 5 ou 6 canaux. |
20521 | 716 Aussi, <option>hrtf</option> requière de l'audio en 48 kHz. |
717 L'audio DVD est déjà en 48 kHz, mais si vous avez un fichier avec un taux | |
718 d'échantillonnage différent que celui que vous voulez jouer en utilisant | |
719 <option>hrtf</option> vous devez le ré-échantillonner: | |
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720 |
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721 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -channels 6 -af resample=48000,hrtf</screen> |
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722 |
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723 </para> |
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724 |
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725 </sect3> |
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726 |
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727 |
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728 <sect3 id="advaudio-surround-troubleshooting"> |
20521 | 729 <title>Dépannage</title> |
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730 |
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731 <para> |
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732 Si vous n'entendez aucun son provenant de vos canaux surround, controler |
20521 | 733 vos paramètres de mixeur avec un programme de mixeur comme |
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734 <application>alsamixer</application>; les sorties audio sont souvent muettes |
20521 | 735 et le volume réglé à zéro par défaut. |
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736 </para> |
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737 |
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738 </sect3> |
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739 |
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740 </sect2> |
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741 |
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742 |
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743 <sect2 id="advaudio-channels"> |
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744 <title>Manipulation de Canal</title> |
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745 |
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746 <sect3 id="advaudio-channels-general"> |
20521 | 747 <title>Information Générale</title> |
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748 |
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749 <para> |
20521 | 750 Malheureusement, il n'y a pas de standard qui montrent comment les canaux sont ordonnés. |
751 Les ordres listés ci-dessous sont ceux de l'AC3 et sont assez typiques; | |
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752 essayez-les et voyez si votre source correspond. |
20521 | 753 Les canaux sont numérotés à partir de par 0. |
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754 |
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755 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
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756 <title>mono</title> |
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757 <listitem override="0"><simpara>centre</simpara></listitem> |
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758 </orderedlist> |
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759 |
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760 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
20521 | 761 <title>stéréo</title> |
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762 <listitem override="0"><simpara>gauche</simpara></listitem> |
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763 <listitem><simpara>droite</simpara></listitem> |
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764 </orderedlist> |
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765 |
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766 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
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767 <title>quadraphonique</title> |
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768 <listitem override="0"><simpara>devant gauche</simpara></listitem> |
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769 <listitem><simpara>devant droite</simpara></listitem> |
20521 | 770 <listitem><simpara>arrière gauche</simpara></listitem> |
771 <listitem><simpara>arrière droite</simpara></listitem> | |
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772 </orderedlist> |
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773 |
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774 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
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775 <title>surround 4.0</title> |
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776 <listitem override="0"><simpara>devant gauche</simpara></listitem> |
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777 <listitem><simpara>devant droite</simpara></listitem> |
20521 | 778 <listitem><simpara>arrière centre</simpara></listitem> |
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779 <listitem><simpara>devant centre</simpara></listitem> |
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|
780 </orderedlist> |
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781 |
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782 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
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783 <title>surround 5.0</title> |
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784 <listitem override="0"><simpara>devant gauche</simpara></listitem> |
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785 <listitem><simpara>devant droite</simpara></listitem> |
20521 | 786 <listitem><simpara>arrière gauche</simpara></listitem> |
787 <listitem><simpara>arrière droite</simpara></listitem> | |
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788 <listitem><simpara>devant centre</simpara></listitem> |
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|
789 </orderedlist> |
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790 |
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791 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
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792 <title>surround 5.1</title> |
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793 <listitem override="0"><simpara>devant gauche</simpara></listitem> |
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794 <listitem><simpara>devant droite</simpara></listitem> |
20521 | 795 <listitem><simpara>arrière gauche</simpara></listitem> |
796 <listitem><simpara>arrière droite</simpara></listitem> | |
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797 <listitem><simpara>devant centre</simpara></listitem> |
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798 <listitem><simpara>caisson de basse</simpara></listitem> |
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799 </orderedlist> |
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|
800 |
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|
801 </para> |
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|
802 |
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803 <para> |
20521 | 804 L'option <option>-channels</option> est utilisée pour demander le nombre |
805 de canaux depuis le décodeur audio. | |
806 Certains codecs audio utilisent le nombre de canaux spécifiés pour décider | |
807 si le mixage (downmixing) de la source est nécessaire. | |
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808 Notez que cela n'affecte pas toujours le nombre de canaux de sortie. |
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809 Par exemple, utiliser <option>-channels 4</option> pour jouer un fichier |
20521 | 810 stéréo MP3 résultera quand même en une sortie en 2-canaux à partir du moment |
811 où le codec MP3 ne produira pas de canaux suplémentaires. | |
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|
812 </para> |
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|
813 |
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814 <para> |
20521 | 815 Le filtre audio <option>channels</option> peut être utilisé pour créer ou enléver |
816 des canaux et, est utile pour contrôler le nombre de canaux envoyés à la carte son. | |
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817 Voir les sections suivantes pour plus d'informations sur la manipulation de canaux. |
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|
818 </para> |
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|
819 |
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|
820 </sect3> |
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|
821 |
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822 |
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823 <sect3 id="advaudio-channels-mono"> |
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824 <title>Jouer en mono avec deux enceintes</title> |
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825 |
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826 <para> |
20521 | 827 Mono sonne beaucoup mieux quand il est joué au travers de deux enceintes - |
828 particulièrement quand des écouteurs sont utilisés. | |
829 Les fichiers Audio qui ont vraiment un canal sont automatiquement joués | |
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830 au travers de deux enceintes; malheureusement, la plupart des filtres avec |
20521 | 831 le son mono sont couramment encodés comme stéréo avec un canal silencieux. |
832 La façon la plus facile et la plus fidèle de faire sortir des enceintes le | |
833 même audio est le filtre <option>extrastereo</option>: | |
16878
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|
834 |
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835 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af extrastereo=0</screen> |
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836 |
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|
837 </para> |
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|
838 |
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839 <para> |
20521 | 840 Ceci fait la moyenne des deux canaux, ayant pour résultat que les deux canaux ont |
841 leur volume réduit de moitié par rapport à l'original. Les sections suivantes ont | |
842 des exemples sur les autres manières de faire ceci sans une diminution du volume, | |
843 mais ils sont plus compliqués et requièrent différentes options dépendemment du canal | |
844 à garder. Si vous voulez réellement maintenir le volume, | |
845 il est peut être plus facile de tester avec le filtre <option>volume</option> et | |
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846 trouver la bonne valeur. Par exemple: |
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|
847 |
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848 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>nom_fichier</replaceable> -af extrastereo=0,volume=5</screen> |
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849 |
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|
850 </para> |
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|
851 |
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|
852 </sect3> |
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|
853 |
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|
854 |
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855 <sect3 id="advaudio-channels-copying"> |
20521 | 856 <title>Copié/Déplacé le canal</title> |
16878
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857 |
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858 <para> |
20521 | 859 Le filtre <option>channels</option> peut déplacer n'importe lequel ou tous les canaux. |
860 Parametré toutes les sous-options pour le filtre <option>channels</option> | |
861 peut être compliqué et prend peu d'attention. | |
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862 |
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|
863 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
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864 <listitem><para> |
20521 | 865 Décidez combien de canaux de sortie vous avez besoin. |
866 Ceci est la première sous-option. | |
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|
867 </para></listitem> |
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868 <listitem><para> |
20521 | 869 Comptez combien de canaux vous devrez déplacer. |
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870 Ceci est la seconde sous-option. |
20521 | 871 Chaque canal peut être déplacé en plusieurs différents canaux en même temps, |
872 mais gardez en tête que quand un canal est déplacé (même si vers une seule | |
873 destination) le canal source sera vidé à moins qu'un autre canal ne soit | |
874 déplacé dans ce même canal. | |
875 Pour copier un canal, en gardant la source intacte, simplement déplacer le | |
16878
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876 canal dans les deux destination et source. Par exemple: |
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|
877 <programlisting> |
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|
878 canal 2 --> canal 3 |
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879 canal 2 --> canal 2 |
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|
880 </programlisting> |
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|
881 </para></listitem> |
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882 <listitem><para> |
20521 | 883 Écrivez les copies de canal comme paires de sous-options. Notez que le premier |
19407 | 884 canal est 0, le second est 1, etc. L'ordre de ces sous-options n'importe pas aussi |
20521 | 885 longtemps qu'ils sont correctement groupés en |
16878
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886 <replaceable>source:destination</replaceable> paires. |
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887 </para></listitem> |
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|
888 </orderedlist> |
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|
889 |
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|
890 </para> |
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|
891 |
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|
892 |
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893 <bridgehead>Exemple: un canal en deux enceintes</bridgehead> |
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894 |
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895 <para> |
20521 | 896 Ici un exemple d'une autre manière de jouer un canal sur les deux enceintes. On suppose |
897 pour cette exemple que le canal de gauche devra être joué et le canal de droite annulé. | |
898 En suivant les étapes ci-dessus: | |
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899 <orderedlist> |
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900 <listitem><para> |
20521 | 901 Afin de fournir un canal de sortie pour chacune des deux enceintes, la première |
902 sous-option doit être "2". | |
16878
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903 </para></listitem> |
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904 <listitem><para> |
20521 | 905 Le canal de gauche a besoin d'être déplacé vers le canal de droite, et doit |
906 aussi être déplacé vers lui-même pour que le canal ne se vide pas. | |
907 Cela fait un total de deux déplacements, mettant la deuxième sous-option | |
908 aussi à "2". | |
16878
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909 </para></listitem> |
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910 <listitem><para> |
20521 | 911 Pour déplacer le canal de gauche (canal 0) vers le canal de droite (canal 1), la paire |
912 sous-option est "0:1", "0:0" déplace le canal de gauche vers lui-même. | |
16878
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913 </para></listitem> |
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914 </orderedlist> |
20521 | 915 En mettant tout ça ensemble cela donne: |
16878
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916 |
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917 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af channels=2:2:0:1:0:0</screen> |
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918 </para> |
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919 |
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|
920 <para> |
20521 | 921 L'avantage de cette exemple par rapport à <option>extrastereo</option> est que le |
922 volume de chaque canal de sortie est le même que le canal d'entrée. Le désavantage | |
923 étant que les sous-options doivent être changées à "2:2:1:0:1:1" quand l'audio désirée | |
17202 | 924 est dans le canal de droite. Il est aussi plus difficile de s'en souvenir et de le taper. |
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925 </para> |
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926 |
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927 <bridgehead>Exemple: canal gauche vers deux enceintes raccourci</bridgehead> |
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928 |
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929 <para> |
20521 | 930 Il y a couramment une façon plus simple d'utiliser le filtre <option>channels</option> |
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931 pour jouer le canal de gauche vers les deux enceintes: |
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932 |
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933 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>nom_fichier</replaceable> -af channels=1</screen> |
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934 |
20521 | 935 Le second canal est enlevé et, sans plus de sous-options, le seul canal |
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936 qui reste est celui de gauche. Les pilotes de carte son jouent automatiquement |
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937 l'audio d'un seul canal vers les deux enceintes. cela ne fonctionne que quand |
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938 le canal voulu est sur la gauche. |
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939 </para> |
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940 |
20521 | 941 <bridgehead>Exemple: dupliquer les canaux frontaux sur l'arrière</bridgehead> |
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942 <para> |
20521 | 943 Une autre opération commune est de dupliquer les canaux frontaux et de leur |
944 faire rejouer sur les enceintes arrière d'un paramètrage quadraphonique. | |
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945 <orderedlist> |
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946 <listitem><para> |
20521 | 947 Il devrait y avoir quatre canaux de sortie. La première sous-option est "4". |
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948 </para></listitem> |
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949 <listitem><para> |
20521 | 950 Chacun des deux canaux avant a besoin d'être déplacé vers le canal arrière |
951 correspondant et aussi vers lui-même. | |
952 Cela fait quatre déplacements, donc la seconde sous-option est "4". | |
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953 </para></listitem> |
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954 <listitem><para> |
20521 | 955 L'avant gauche (canal 0) a besoin d'être déplacé vers l'arrière gauche (canl 2): "0:2". |
956 L'avant gauche a aussi besoin d'être déplacé vers lui-même: "0:0". L'avant droit (canal | |
957 1) est déplacé vers l'arrière droite (canl 3): "1:3", et aussi vers lui- même: "1:1". | |
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958 </para></listitem> |
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959 </orderedlist> |
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960 Combinez toutes les sous-options pour obtenir: |
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961 |
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962 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>nom_fichier</replaceable> -af channels=4:4:0:2:0:0:1:3:1:1</screen> |
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963 |
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964 </para> |
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965 |
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966 </sect3> |
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967 |
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968 |
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969 <sect3 id="advaudio-channels-mixing"> |
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970 <title>Mixage de canal</title> |
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971 |
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972 <para> |
20521 | 973 Le filtre <option>pan</option> peut mixer les canaux selon des proportions spécifiées |
19407 | 974 par l'utilisateur. Ceci tient compte de tout que le filtre de <option>channels</option> |
17202 | 975 peut faire et plus. Malheureusement, les sous-options sont beaucoup plus complexes. |
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976 <orderedlist> |
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977 <listitem><para> |
20521 | 978 Décidez avec combien de canaux vous voulez travailler. Vous aurez peut-être besoin |
979 de spécifier cela avec <option>-channels</option> et/ou <option>-af channels</option>. | |
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980 Des exemples plus loin montreront quand et laquelle il faut utiliser. |
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981 </para></listitem> |
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982 <listitem><para> |
20521 | 983 Décidez combien de canaux à introduire dans <option>pan</option> (les canaux suplémentaires |
984 décodés sont rejetés). Ceci est la première sous-option, et elle contrôle aussi combien de | |
985 canaux à employer pour la sortie. | |
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986 </para></listitem> |
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987 <listitem><para> |
20521 | 988 Les sous-options restantes spécifient quelle quantité de chaque canal sont mixés l'un |
989 dans l'autre. Ceci est la partie compliquée. Pour décomposer la tâche, découpez les | |
17202 | 990 sous-options en plusieurs ensembles, un ensemlbe pour chaque canal de sortie. Chaque sous-option |
20521 | 991 d'un ensemble correspond à un canal d'entrée. Le nombre que vous spécifiez sera le pourcentage |
992 de canal d'entrée qui sont mixés dans le canal de sortie. | |
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993 </para> |
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994 <para> |
20521 | 995 <option>pan</option> accepte des valeurs de 0 à 512, rendement de 0% à 51200% du volume |
19407 | 996 original. Faites attention quand en utilisant des valeurs plus grande que 1. Non seulement |
20521 | 997 cela peut vous donner un volume tres haut, mais si vous dépassez la marge d'échantillon de |
998 votre carte son vous pourriez entendre des pops et clics désagréables. Si vous le voulez vous | |
19407 | 999 pouvez faire suivre <option>pan</option> avec <option>,volume</option> pour activer la coupure, |
1000 mais c'est mieux de garder les valeurs de <option>pan</option> suffisamment basses pour que la | |
20521 | 1001 coupure ne soit pas nécessaire. |
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1002 </para></listitem> |
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1003 </orderedlist> |
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1004 </para> |
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1005 |
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1006 <bridgehead>Exemple: un canal dans deux enceintes</bridgehead> |
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1007 |
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1008 <para> |
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1009 Voici encore un autre exemple pour jouer le canal gauche dans deux enceintes. Suivez |
20521 | 1010 les étapes ci-dessus: |
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1011 <orderedlist> |
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1012 <listitem><para> |
20521 | 1013 <option>pan</option> devrait sortir deux canaux, donc la première |
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1014 sous-option est "2". |
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1015 </para></listitem> |
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1016 <listitem><para> |
20521 | 1017 Puisque nous avons deux canaux d'entrée, il y aura deux ensembles de sous-options. |
1018 Puisqu'il y a également deux canaux de sortie, | |
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1019 il y aura deux sous-options par ensemble. |
20521 | 1020 Le canal gauche à partir du fichier devrait aller au volume maxi aux |
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1021 les nouveaux canaux gauche et droite. |
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1022 Ainsi le premier ensemble de sous-options est "1:1". |
20521 | 1023 Le canal de droite devrait être rejeté, donc le second serait "0:0". |
1024 N'importe quelles valeurs à 0 à la fin peuvent être omises, mais pour une facilité | |
1025 de compréhension nous les garderons. | |
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1026 </para></listitem> |
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1027 </orderedlist> |
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1028 Mettre ces options ensemble donne: |
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1029 |
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1030 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>nom_fichier</replaceable> -af pan=2:1:1:0:0</screen> |
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1031 |
20521 | 1032 Si le canal de droite est préféré à la place du gauche, les sous-options pour |
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1033 <option>pan</option> seront "2:0:0:1:1". |
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1034 </para> |
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1035 |
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1036 |
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1037 <bridgehead>Exemple: canal de gauche dans deux enceintes raccourci</bridgehead> |
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1038 |
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1039 <para> |
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1040 Comme avec <option>channels</option>, il y a un raccourci qui ne fonctionne que avec le |
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1041 canal de gauche: |
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1042 |
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1043 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>nom_fichier</replaceable> -af pan=1:1</screen> |
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1044 |
20521 | 1045 Puisque <option>pan</option> a seulement un canal d'entrée (l'autre canal étant |
1046 rejeté), il n'y a seulement qu'un ensemble avec une sous-option, qui indique que le | |
1047 seul canal obtient 100% de lui-même. | |
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1048 </para> |
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1049 |
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1050 <bridgehead>Exemple: Mixage (downmixing) PCM 6-canaux</bridgehead> |
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1051 <para> |
20521 | 1052 Le décodeur de <application>MPlayer</application> pour le PCM 6-canaux |
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1053 n'est pas capable de le mixer (downmixing). |
20521 | 1054 Voici une façon de mixager (downmixing) PCM en utilisant <option>pan</option>: |
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1055 <orderedlist> |
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1056 <listitem><para> |
20521 | 1057 Le nombre de canaux de sortie est 2, donc la première sous-option est "2". |
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1058 </para></listitem> |
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1059 <listitem><para> |
20521 | 1060 Avec six canaux d'entrée il y aura six ensembles d'options. Heureusement, |
1061 puisque nous nous inquiétons seulement de la sortir des deux premiers canaux, | |
19407 | 1062 nous devons seulement faire deux ensembles; les quatres ensembles restants peuvent |
20521 | 1063 être omis. Prenez garde que tous les fichiers audio multi-canaux n'aient le même |
1064 ordre de canaux! Cette exemple démontre le mixage (downmixing) d'un fichier avec les | |
1065 même canaux que l'AC3 5.1: | |
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1066 <programlisting> |
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1067 0 - avant gauche |
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1068 1 - avant droit |
20521 | 1069 2 - arrière gauche |
1070 3 - arrière droit | |
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1071 4 - avant centre |
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1072 5 - caisson de basse (subwoofer) |
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1073 </programlisting> |
19407 | 1074 Le premier ensemble de sous-options liste les pourcentages du volume original, dans |
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1075 l'ordre, de ce que chaque canal de sortie devrait recevoir du canal gauche avant: "1:0". |
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1076 Le canal avant droit devrait aller vers la bonne sortie: "0:1". |
20521 | 1077 De même pour les canaux arrières: "1:0" et "0:1". |
1078 Le canal centre va vers les deux canaux de sortie avec moitié de volume: | |
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1079 "0.5:0.5", et le caisson de basse (subwoofer) va vers les deux avec le volume maxi: "1:1". |
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1080 </para></listitem> |
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1081 </orderedlist> |
20521 | 1082 Mettez tout ça ensemble, pour: |
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1083 |
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1084 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>6-canaux.wav</replaceable> -af pan=2:1:0:0:1:1:0:0:1:0.5:0.5:1:1</screen> |
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1085 |
20521 | 1086 Les pourcentages listés ci-dessus sont seulement un exemple approximatif. Vous êtes libres de les ajuster. |
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1087 </para> |
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1088 |
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1089 <bridgehead>Exemple: Jouer de l'audio 5.1 sur de grosses enceintes sans un caisson de basse (subwoofer)</bridgehead> |
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1090 |
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1091 <para> |
20521 | 1092 Si vous avez une paire d'enceintes frontales énormes, vous ne voudriez pas |
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1093 gaspiller de l'argent sur l'achat d'un caisson de basse (subwoofer) pour |
20521 | 1094 un système son 5.1 complet. |
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1095 Si vous utilisez <option>-channels 5</option> pour demander que liba52 |
20521 | 1096 décode l'audio 5.1 en 5.0, le canal du caisson de basse (subwoofer) est |
1097 simplement rejeté. | |
1098 Si vous voulez distribuer le canal du caisson de basse (subwoofer) vous-même | |
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1099 vous avez besoin de mixer (downmix) manuellement avec <option>pan</option>: |
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1100 |
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1101 <orderedlist> |
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1102 <listitem><para> |
20521 | 1103 Puisque <option>pan</option> a besoin d'examiner chacun des six canaux, spécifiez |
1104 <option>-channels 6</option> ainsi liba52 les décode tous. | |
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1105 </para></listitem> |
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1106 <listitem><para> |
20521 | 1107 <option>pan</option> sort vers seulement cinq canaux, la première sous-option est 5. |
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1108 </para></listitem> |
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1109 <listitem><para> |
20521 | 1110 Six canaux d'entrées et cinq de sortie signifient six ensembles de cinq sous-options. |
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1111 <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> |
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1112 <listitem><simpara> |
20521 | 1113 Le canal avant gauche ne se réplique que vers lui-même: |
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1114 "1:0:0:0:0" |
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1115 </simpara></listitem> |
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1116 <listitem><simpara> |
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1117 Pareil pour le canal avant droit: |
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1118 "0:1:0:0:0" |
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1119 </simpara></listitem> |
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1120 <listitem><simpara> |
20521 | 1121 Pareil pour le canal arrière gauche: |
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1122 "0:0:1:0:0" |
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1123 </simpara></listitem> |
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1124 <listitem><simpara> |
20521 | 1125 et aussi de même pour le canal arrière droit: |
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1126 "0:0:0:1:0" |
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1127 </simpara></listitem> |
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1128 <listitem><simpara> |
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1129 Avant centre, aussi: |
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1130 "0:0:0:0:1" |
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1131 </simpara></listitem> |
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1132 <listitem><simpara> |
20521 | 1133 Et maintenant que nous avons décidé quoi faire avec le caisson de basse, |
1134 e.g. moitié vers l'avant droit et l autre vers l'avant gauche: | |
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1135 "0.5:0.5:0:0:0" |
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1136 </simpara></listitem> |
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1137 </itemizedlist> |
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1138 </para></listitem> |
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1139 </orderedlist> |
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1140 Combinez toutes ces options pour obtenir: |
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1141 |
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1142 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>dvd://1</replaceable> -channels 6 -af pan=5:1:0:0:0:0:0:1:0:0:0:0:0:1:0:0:0:0:0:1:0:0:0:0:0:1:0.5:0.5:0:0:0</screen> |
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1143 |
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1144 </para> |
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1145 |
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1146 </sect3> |
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1147 |
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1148 </sect2> |
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1149 |
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1150 |
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1151 <sect2 id="advaudio-volume"> |
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1152 <title>Ajustement Logiciel du Volume</title> |
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1153 |
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1154 <para> |
20521 | 1155 Certaines pistes audio sont trop silencieuses pour être entendues confortablement |
1156 sans amplification. Cela devient un problème quand votre équipement audio ne peut | |
1157 amplifier le signal à votre place. L'option <option>-softvol</option> oblige | |
1158 <application>MPlayer</application> à utiliser un mixeur interne. Vous pouvez alors | |
1159 utiliser les touches d'ajustement du volume (par défaut <keycap>9</keycap> et | |
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1160 <keycap>0</keycap>) pour atteindre des niveaux de volume plus important. |
20521 | 1161 Notez que cela ne dévie pas votre mixeur de carte son; <application>MPlayer</application> |
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1162 amplifie seulement le signal avant de l'envoyer vers votre carte son. |
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1163 |
20521 | 1164 L'exemple suivant est un bien pour débuter: |
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1165 |
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1166 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>quiet-file</replaceable> -softvol -softvol-max 300</screen> |
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1167 |
20521 | 1168 L'option <option>-softvol-max</option> spécifie le volume maximum |
19407 | 1169 de sortie permis en tant que pourcentage du volume original. |
1170 Par exemple, <option>-softvol-max 200</option> devra permettre | |
20521 | 1171 l'ajustement du volume jusqu'à deux fois son niveau d'origine. |
1172 Il est sûr d'indiquer une valeur importante avec <option>-softvol-max</option>; | |
1173 un volume plus important ne sera utilisé qu'à partir du moment où | |
1174 les touches d'ajustement du volume sont utilisées. Le seul désavantage | |
19407 | 1175 d'une valeur large est que, puisque <application>MPlayer</application> ajuste |
20521 | 1176 le volume par un pourcentage du maximum, vous n'aurez pas un contrôle aussi précis |
19407 | 1177 en utilisant les touches d'ajustement du volume. Utilisez une valeur plus basse avec |
20521 | 1178 <option>-softvol-max</option> et/ou indiquez <option>-volstep 1</option> si vous désirez |
1179 une précision plus importante. | |
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1180 </para> |
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1181 |
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1182 <para> |
20521 | 1183 L'option <option>-softvol</option> fonmctionne en contrôlant le filtre audio |
1184 <option>volume</option>. Si vous voulez jouer un fichier à un certain volume | |
1185 depuis le début vous pouvez spécifier <option>volume</option> manuellement: | |
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1186 |
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1187 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>fichier-tranquil</replaceable> -af volume=10</screen> |
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1188 |
20521 | 1189 Cela jouera le fichier avec un gain de 10 décibel. Soyez prudent lors de |
19407 | 1190 l'utilisation du filtre <option>volume</option> - vous pourriez facilement |
1191 abimer votre appareil auditif si vous utilisez un valeur trop grande. | |
20521 | 1192 Commencez bas et travaillez de façon graduelle vers le haut jusqu'à être à même |
1193 d'apprécier de combien il est nécessaire d'ajuster le volume. Aussi, si vous | |
19407 | 1194 indiquez des valeurs excessivement haute, <option>volume</option> pourra avoir |
20521 | 1195 besoin de couper le signal pour éviter d'envoyer vos données de carte son qui |
1196 sont en dehors de la bande permise; cela résultera en une distorsion de l'audio. | |
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1197 </para> |
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1198 |
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1199 </sect2> |
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1200 |
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1201 </sect1> |
19407 | 1202 |
10109 | 1203 </chapter> |