Mercurial > mplayer.hg
annotate DOCS/de/video.html @ 14803:a14a7d6cb7ab
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author | diego |
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date | Fri, 25 Feb 2005 03:07:39 +0000 |
parents | c3f049d801d8 |
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1 <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> |
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4 <HEAD> | |
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5 <TITLE>Video - MPlayer - The Movie Player for Linux</TITLE> |
9512 | 6 <LINK REL="stylesheet" TYPE="text/css" HREF="../default.css"> |
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7 <META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"> |
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9 | |
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10 <BODY> |
1961 | 11 |
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9313 | 13 <H3><A NAME="video">2.3.1 Video-Ausgabe-Geräte</A></H3> |
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9313 | 15 <H4><A NAME="mtrr">2.3.1.1 MTRR</A></H4> |
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17 <P>Du solltest UNBEDINGT sicherstellen, dass die MTRR-Register richtig belegt |
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18 sind, denn sie können eine großen Geschwindigkeits-Schub |
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19 bringen.</P> |
1961 | 20 |
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21 <P>Mache ein <CODE>cat /proc/mtrr</CODE>:</P> |
1961 | 22 |
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23 <P><CODE>--($:~)-- cat /proc/mtrr<BR> |
1961 | 24 reg00: base=0xe4000000 (3648MB), size= 16MB: write-combining, count=9<BR> |
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25 reg01: base=0xd8000000 (3456MB), size= 128MB: write-combining, count=1</CODE></P> |
1961 | 26 |
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27 <P>Diese Anzeige ist richtig. Sie zeigt meine Matrox G400 mit 16MB Speicher. |
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28 Ich habe die Einstellung von XFree 4.x.x, was die MTRR-Register automatisch |
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29 einstellt.</P> |
1961 | 30 |
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31 <P>Wenn nichts funktioniert, musst du sie manuell setzen. Als erstes musst du |
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32 die Basisadresse finden. Dazu gibt es drei Möglichkeiten:</P> |
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34 <UL> |
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35 <LI>durch die X11 Start-Meldungen, zum Beispiel: |
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36 <P><CODE>(--) SVGA: PCI: Matrox MGA G400 AGP rev 4, Memory @ 0xd8000000, |
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37 0xd4000000<BR> |
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38 (--) SVGA: Linear framebuffer at 0xD8000000</CODE></P></LI> |
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39 <LI>durch /proc/pci (verwende <CODE>lspci -v</CODE>): |
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40 <P><CODE>01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: Matrox Graphics, Inc.: Unknown |
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41 device 0525</CODE> |
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42 <CODE>Memory at d8000000 (32-bit, prefetchable)</CODE></P></LI> |
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43 <LI>durch die mga_vid Kerneltreiber-Meldungen (verwende <CODE>dmesg</CODE>): |
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44 <P><CODE>mga_mem_base = d8000000</CODE></P></LI> |
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45 </UL> |
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47 <P>So, nun gilt es, die Speichergröße zu finden. Dies ist sehr |
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48 einfach, konvertier einfach die Video-RAM-Größe nach Hexdezimal, |
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49 oder verwende diese Tabelle:</P> |
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51 <TABLE BORDER=0> | |
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52 <TR><TD> </TD><TD>1 MB</TD><TD WIDTH=10%></TD><TD>0x100000</TD></TR> |
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53 <TR><TD></TD><TD>2 MB</TD><TD></TD><TD>0x200000</TD></TR> |
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54 <TR><TD></TD><TD>4 MB</TD><TD></TD><TD>0x400000</TD></TR> |
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55 <TR><TD></TD><TD>8 MB</TD><TD></TD><TD>0x800000</TD></TR> |
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56 <TR><TD></TD><TD>16 MB</TD><TD></TD><TD>0x1000000</TD></TR> |
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57 <TR><TD></TD><TD>32 MB</TD><TD></TD><TD>0x2000000</TD></TR> |
1895 | 58 </TABLE> |
59 | |
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60 <P>Du weißt die Base-Adresse und die Speichergröße? Lass uns |
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61 die MTRR Register einstellen! Für die Matrox Karte von oben |
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62 (base=0xd8000000) mit 32MB RAM (size=0x2000000) führst du einfach das |
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63 Folgende aus:</P> |
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65 <P><CODE> echo "base=0xd8000000 size=0x2000000 |
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66 type=write-combining" >| /proc/mtrr</CODE></P> |
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68 <P>Nicht alle CPUs unterstützen MTRRs. Zum Beispiel ältere K6-2s |
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69 [die bei ca. 266MHz, stepping 0] unterstützen kein MTRR, aber stepping |
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70 12 CPUs tun es (<CODE>cat /proc/cpuinfo</CODE> gibt Aufschluss).</P> |
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72 |
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73 <H4><A NAME="normal">2.3.1.2 Videoausgabegeräte für traditionelle |
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74 Grafikkarten</A></H4> |
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75 |
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76 <H4><A NAME="xv">2.3.1.2.1 Xv</A></H4> |
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78 <P>Mit XFree86 4.0.2 oder neureren Versionen kannst du die Hardware-YUV-Unterstützung |
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79 deiner Grafikkarte mit Hilfe der XVideo-Erweiterungen benutzen. Das ist die |
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80 Technik, die <CODE>-vo xv</CODE> benutzt. Dieser Treiber unterstützt |
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81 darüber hinaus die Anpassung von Helligkeit/Kontrast/Sättigung etc |
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82 (es sei denn, du benutzt den alten und langsamen DirectShow DivX-Codec, |
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83 welcher diese Anpassungen unabhängig vom Videoausgabetreiber unterstützt). |
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84 Schau in der Manpage nach.</P> |
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85 |
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86 <P>Um Xv zum Laufen zu bringen, musst du auf die folgenden Punkte achten:</P> |
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88 <UL> |
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89 <LI>Du musst XFree86 4.0.2 oder eine neuere Version benutzen, da die |
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90 älteren Versionen XVideo noch nicht kannten.</LI> |
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91 XVideo)</LI> |
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92 <LI>Deine Grafikkarte muss Hardware-Unterstützung für YUV |
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93 bieten, was alle modernen Karten tun.</LI> |
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94 <LI>X muss die XVideo-Erweiterung auch tatsächlich laden, was zu |
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95 Meldungen ähnlich den folgenden führt: |
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96 <P><CODE> (II) Loading extension XVideo</CODE></P> |
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98 <P>Anmerkung: Diese Meldung besagt nur, dass die XFree86-Erweiterung |
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99 geladen wird. Bei einer guten Installation sollte das immer der Fall |
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100 sein. Das heißt allerdings noch nicht, dass die |
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101 <B>XVideo-Unterstützung der Grafikkarte</B> auch geladen wurde!</P> |
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102 </LI> |
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103 <LI>Deine Karte muss unter Linux Xv-Unterstützung haben. Du kannst dich |
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104 dessen mit <CODE>xvinfo</CODE> vergewsissern, das Teil der |
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105 XFree86-Distribution ist. Es sollte einen längeren Text ausgeben, |
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106 der ungefähr so aussieht: |
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107 <PRE> |
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108 X-Video Extension version 2.2 |
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109 screen #0 |
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110 Adaptor #0: "Savage Streams Engine" |
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111 number of ports: 1 |
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112 port base: 43 |
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113 operations supported: PutImage |
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114 supported visuals: |
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115 depth 16, visualID 0x22 |
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116 depth 16, visualID 0x23 |
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117 number of attributes: 5 |
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118 (...) |
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119 Number of image formats: 7 |
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120 id: 0x32595559 (YUY2) |
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121 guid: 59555932-0000-0010-8000-00aa00389b71 |
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122 bits per pixel: 16 |
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123 number of planes: 1 |
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124 type: YUV (packed) |
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125 id: 0x32315659 (YV12) |
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126 guid: 59563132-0000-0010-8000-00aa00389b71 |
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127 bits per pixel: 12 |
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128 number of planes: 3 |
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129 type: YUV (planar) |
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130 (...etc...) |
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131 </PRE> |
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132 <P>Damit MPlayer Xv benutzen kann, müssen die Pixelformate |
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133 "YUY2 packed" und "YV12 planar" unterstützt werden.</P> |
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134 </LI> |
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135 <LI>Stell als letztes sicher, dass MPlayer mit Unterstützung |
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136 für Xv compiliert wurde. <CODE>configure</CODE> gibt eine |
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137 entsprechende Meldung aus.</LI> |
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138 </UL> |
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140 <H4><A NAME="xv_3dfx">2.3.1.2.1.1 3dfx-Karten</A></H4> |
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142 <P>Ältere 3dfx-Treiber hatten bekanntermaßen Probleme mit der |
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143 XVideo-Beschleuningung, die entweder YUY2 oder YV12 nicht unterstützte. |
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144 Stell sicher, dass du XFree86 Version 4.2.0 oder neuer verwendest, da diese |
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145 Versionen mit YV12 und YUY2 keine Probleme haben. Vorherige Versionen, auch |
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146 4.1.0, sind <B>bei Verwendung von YV12 abgestürzt</B>. Wenn du |
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147 merkwürdige Effekte bei der Verwendung von <CODE>-vo xv</CODE> |
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148 bemerktst, dann probier aus, ob mit SDL, das ebenfalls XVideo benutzen kann, |
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149 diese Effekte verschwinden. In der <A HREF="#sdl">SDL-Sektion</A> stehen |
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150 Details darüber.</P> |
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152 <P><B>Alternativ</B> kannst du auch den NEUEN tdfxfb-Treiber mit <CODE>-vo |
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153 tdfxfb</CODE> verwenden! Lies dazu die <A NAME="#tdfxfb">tdfxfb- |
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154 Sektion</A>.</P> |
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156 |
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157 <H4><A NAME="xv_s3">2.3.1.2.1.2 S3-Karten</A></H4> |
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159 <P>S3 Savage3D-Karten sollten problemlos funktionieren, aber bei Savage4- |
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160 Chips solltest du XFree86 4.0.3 oder neuer verwenden. Probier bei Problemen |
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161 den 16bpp-Farbmodus aus. Und der S3 Virge... Es gibt für ihn zwar Xv- |
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162 Unterstützung, aber die Karte selber ist so langsam, dass du sie besser |
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163 verkaufst.</P> |
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164 |
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165 <P><B>Anmerkung:</B> Momentan ist nicht ganz klar, welche Savage-Modelle |
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166 keine Unterstützung für YV12 in Hardware haben, sodass bei ihnen |
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167 der Treiber diese Konvertierung sehr langsam vornimmt. Wenn du deine Karte |
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168 deswegen verdächtigst, dann besorg dir einen neueren Treiber, oder |
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169 frag auf der MPlayer-Users-Mailingliste freundlich nach einem Treiber, der |
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170 MMX/3DNow unterstützt.</P> |
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172 |
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173 <H4><A NAME="xv_nvidia">2.3.1.2.1.3 nVidia-Karten</A></H4> |
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174 |
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175 <P>nVidia ist für Linux keine optimale Wahl (auch wenn das laut nVidia |
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176 <A HREF="users_against_developers.html#nvidia">nicht stimmt</A>). Du wirst |
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177 die binären Closed-Source-Treiber benutzen müssen, die auf nVidias |
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178 Webseite verfügbar sind. Die Standard-XFree86-Treiber bieten aufgrund |
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179 der nicht öffentlichen Quellen und auch nicht öffentlich |
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180 erhältlichen Spezifikationen der nVidia-Chips keine XVideo- |
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181 Unterstützung für diese Karten.</P> |
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183 <P>Soweit ich weiß enthalten die neuesten in XFree86 enthaltenen |
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184 Treiber XVideo-Unterstützung für GeForce2- und GeForce3-Modelle. |
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185 </P> |
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186 |
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187 <P>Riva128-Karten bieten nicht einmal mit den binären nVidia-Treibern |
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188 XVideo-Unterstützung (beklag dich bei nVidia).</P> |
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190 | |
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191 <H4><A NAME="xv_ati">2.3.1.2.1.4 ATI-Karten</A></H4> |
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193 <UL> |
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194 <LI>Die <A HREF="http://gatos.sourceforge.net">GATOS-Treiber</A>, die du |
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195 einsetzen solltest, sofern du keine Rage128- oder Radeon-Karte hast, |
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196 haben standardmäßig VSYNC angeschlatet. Das bedeutet, dass |
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197 die Decodiergeschwindigkeit zur Bildwiederholrate des Monitors |
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198 synchronisiert wird. Wenn dir die Wiedergabe langsam vorkommt, dann |
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199 versuch, irgendwie VSYNC abzuschalten, oder setze die Bildwiederholrate |
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200 des Monitors auf <CODE>n * (fps des Films) Hz</CODE>.</LI> |
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201 <LI>Radeon VE - Momentan bietet nur die CVS-Version von XFree86 diese Karten, |
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202 Version 4.1.0 tut dies noch nicht. Außerdem gibt es keine |
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203 Unterstützung für den TV-Ausgang. Natürlich bekommst |
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204 du mit MPlayer <B>hardwarebeschleunigte</B> Wiedergabe, das ganze |
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205 wahlweise <B>mit oder ohne TV-Ausgang</B>, und es werden dabei nicht |
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206 einmal weitere Bibliotheken oder X selber benötigt. Lies dazu |
9285 | 207 die <A HREF="#vidix">VIDIX-Sektion</A>.</LI> |
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208 </UL> |
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210 <H4><A NAME="xv_neomagic">2.3.1.2.1.5 NeoMagic-Karten</A></H4> |
1961 | 211 |
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212 <P>Diese Chips befinden sich in vielen Laptops. Leider unterstützt der |
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213 in X 4.2.0 enthaltene Treiber nicht Xv, aber wir haben einen veränderten |
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214 Treiber mit Xv-Unterstützung für dich. |
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215 <A HREF="http://www.mplayerhq.hu/MPlayer/contrib/NeoMagic-driver/neomagic_drv.o.4.2.0.bz2"> |
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216 Lade ihn hier herunter</A>. Dieser Treiber wird von Stefan Seyfried zur |
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217 Verfügung gestellt.</P> |
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219 <P>Um die Wiedergabe von Video in DVD-Auflösung zu ermöglichen, |
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220 ändere deine <CODE>XF86Config</CODE> wie folgt:</P> |
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222 <P>Section "Device"<BR> |
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223 <I>[...]</I><BR> |
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224 Driver "neomagic"<BR> |
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225 <B>Option "OverlayMem" "829440"</B><BR> |
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226 <I>[...]</I><BR> |
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227 EndSection</P> |
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229 |
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230 <H4><A NAME="xv_trident">2.3.1.2.1.6 Trident-Karten</A></H4> |
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232 <P>Wenn du Xv mit einer Trident-Grafikkarte benutzen willst, dann installier |
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233 XFree86 4.2.0, sofern Xv nicht schon mit 4.1.0 funktioniert. Version 4.2.0 |
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234 enthält Unterstützung für Xv im Vollbild für |
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235 Cyberblade XP-Karten.</P> |
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236 |
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237 |
9285 | 238 <H4><A NAME="xv_powervr">2.3.1.2.1.7 Kyro/PowerVR-Karten</A></H4> |
239 | |
240 <P>Wenn du Xv mit Kyro-Karten (wie z.B. der Hercules Prophet 4000XT) verwenden | |
241 möchstest, dann solltest du die Treiber von der | |
242 <A HREF="http://www.powervr.com/">PowerVR-Seite</A> benutzen.</P> | |
243 | |
244 | |
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245 <H4><A NAME="dga">2.3.1.2.2 DGA</A></H4> |
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247 | |
9313 | 248 <H4>EINLEITUNG</H4> |
1895 | 249 |
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250 <P>Dieser Abschnitt versucht, in wenigen Worten zu beschreiben, was DGA |
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251 generell ist, und was der DGA-Videotreiber in MPlayer erreichen kann, |
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252 und was nicht.</P> |
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253 |
9313 | 254 |
255 <H4>WAS IST DGA?</H4> | |
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257 <P>DGA ist die Abkürzung für Direct Graphics Access (direkter |
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258 Zugriff auf die Grafikhardware) und gibt Programmen die Möglichkeit, |
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259 unter Umgehung des X-Servers direkt den Framebuffer der Grafikkarte |
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260 zu verändern. Technisch gesehen wird das dadurch realisiert, dass |
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261 der Framebuffer in den virtuellen Adressraum des jeweiligen Prozesses |
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262 abgebildet wird. Das wird vom Kernel aber nur dann zugelassen, wenn der |
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263 Prozess Superuserprivilegien besitzt. Dazu musst du dich entweder als |
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264 root anmelden oder das SUID-bit des MPlayer-Binaries setzen (was |
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265 <B>nicht empfohlen wird</B>).</P> |
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267 <P>Von DGA gibt es zwei Versionen: DGA1 kommt mit XFree 3.x.x, und DGA2 |
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268 wurde mit XFree 4.0.1 eingeführt.</P> |
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269 |
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270 <P>DGA1 bietet nur den oben beschriebenen Zugriff auf den Framebuffer. Die |
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271 Umschaltung des Videomodus klappt nur mit der XVidMode-Erweiterung.</P> |
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273 <P>DGA2 beinhaltet die Features der XVidMode-Erweiterung und erlaubt |
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274 außerdem, die Farbtiefe zu ändern. Damit kannst du also auf 32bit |
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275 Farbtiefe umschalten, auch wenn der X-Server gerade mit 15bit Farbtiefe |
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276 läuft.</P> |
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277 |
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278 <P>DGA hat aber auch ein paar Nachteile. Die Funktionsweise scheint ein wenig |
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279 von der Grafikkarte und dem Grafikkartentreiber im X-Server abhängig zu |
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280 sein. Es fuktioniert also nicht auf jedem System...</P> |
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282 | |
9313 | 283 <H4>DGA-UNTERSTÜTZUNG FÜR MPLAYER INSTALLIEREN</H4> |
1895 | 284 |
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285 <P>Stell als erstes sicher, dass X die DGA-Erweiterung lädt. Schau |
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286 in /var/log/XFree86.0.log nach:</P> |
1895 | 287 |
288 <P> <CODE>(II) Loading extension XFree86-DGA</CODE></P> | |
289 | |
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290 <P>Wie du siehst ist XFree86 4.0.x oder neuer SEHR ZU EMPFEHLEN! |
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291 MPlayers DGA-Treiber wird von <CODE>./configure</CODE> automatisch |
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292 erkannt. Alternativ kannst du seine Compilierung mit <CODE>--enable- |
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293 dga</CODE> erzwingen.</P> |
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295 <P>Falls der Treiber nicht zu einer kleineren Auflösung wechseln |
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296 konnte, dann experimentier mit den Optionen <CODE>-vm</CODE> (nur bei |
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297 X 3.3.x), <CODE>-fs, -bpp, -zoom</CODE>, um einen Videomodus zu finden, |
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298 in den der Film reinpasst. Momentan gibt es keinen Konverter :(</P> |
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300 <P>Werde root. DGA bruacht root-Privilegien, um direkt in den Grafikspeicher |
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301 zu schreiben. Wenn du MPlayer als normaler Benutzer starten |
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302 möchtest, dann installiere MPlayer mit dem SUID-Bit:</P> |
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304 <P><CODE> |
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305 chown root /usr/local/bin/mplayer<BR> |
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306 chmod 750 /usr/local/bin/mplayer<BR> |
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307 chmod +s /usr/local/bin/mplayer</CODE></P> |
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309 <P>Jetzt funktioniert es auch als normaler Benutzer.</P> |
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311 <BLOCKQUOTE> |
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312 <B>Warnung: Sicherheitsrisiko!</B><BR> |
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313 Dieses ist ein <B>großes</B> Sicherheitsloch. Tu das <B>niemals</B> |
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314 auf einem Server oder auf einem Computer, auf den auch andere Leute Zugriff |
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315 haben, da sie durch einen SUID-root-MPlayer root-Privilegien erlangen |
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316 können. |
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317 </BLOCKQUOTE> |
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319 <P>Benutze jetzt die Option <CODE>-vo dga</CODE>, und ab geht's (hoffe ich |
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320 zumindest :))! Du solltest auch ausprobieren, ob bei dir die Option |
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321 <CODE>-vo sdl:dga</CODE> funktioniert. Sie ist viel schneller.</P> |
1895 | 322 |
9313 | 323 <H4><A NAME="dga_modelines">ÄNDERN DER AUFLÖSUNG</A></H4> |
1895 | 324 |
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325 <P>Der DGA-Treiber ermöglicht es, die Auflösung zu ändern. |
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326 Damit entfällt die Notwendigkeit der langsamen Softwareskalierung und |
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327 bietet gleichzeitig ein Vollbild. Idealerweise würde DGA in die gleiche |
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328 Auflösung schalten, die das Video (natürlich unter Beachtung des |
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329 Höhen-/Breitenverhältnisses) hat, aber der X-Server lässt nur |
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330 Auflösungen zu, die vorher in der <CODE>/etc/X11/XF86Config</CODE> bzw. |
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331 <CODE>/etc/X11/XF86Config-4</CODE> definiert wurden. Diese werden durch |
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332 sogenannte Modelines festgelegt und hängen von den Fähigkeiten |
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333 deiner Grafikhardware ab. Der X-Server liest diese Konfigurationsdatei beim |
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334 Start ein und deaktiviert alle Modelines, die sich nicht mit deiner Hardware |
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335 vertragen. Du kannst die "überlebenden" Modelines anhand der X11- |
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336 Logdatei herausfinden (normalerweise |
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337 <CODE>/var/log/XFree86.0.log</CODE>).</P> |
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338 |
9285 | 339 <P>Diese Einträge funktionieren mit einem Riva128-Chip und dem |
340 <CODE>nv.o</CODE>-X-Server-Treibermodul.</P> | |
341 | |
342 <PRE> | |
343 Section "Modes" | |
344 Identifier "Modes[0]" | |
345 Modeline "800x600" 40 800 840 968 1056 600 601 605 628 | |
346 Modeline "712x600" 35.0 712 740 850 900 400 410 412 425 | |
347 Modeline "640x480" 25.175 640 664 760 800 480 491 493 525 | |
348 Modeline "400x300" 20 400 416 480 528 300 301 303 314 Doublescan | |
349 Modeline "352x288" 25.10 352 368 416 432 288 296 290 310 | |
350 Modeline "352x240" 15.750 352 368 416 432 240 244 246 262 Doublescan | |
351 Modeline "320x240" 12.588 320 336 384 400 240 245 246 262 Doublescan | |
352 EndSection | |
353 </PRE> | |
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9285 | 355 |
9313 | 356 <H4>DGA & MPLAYER</H4> |
1895 | 357 |
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358 <P>DGA wird bei MPlayer an zwei Stellen benutzt: beim SDL-Treiber mit |
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359 <CODE>-vo sdl:dga</CODE> oder beim DGA-Treiber selber (<CODE>-vo dga</CODE>). |
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360 Das oben gesagte gilt für beide Treiber. In den folgenden Abschnitten |
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361 erkläre ich, wie der DGA-Treiber von MPlayer selber arbeitet.</P> |
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9313 | 363 |
364 <H4>FEATURES DES DGA-TREIBERS</H4> | |
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365 |
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366 <P>Der DGA-Treiber wird durch die Option <CODE>-vo dga</CODE> aktiviert. Sein |
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367 Standardverhalten sieht vor, dass er in die Auflösung schaltet, die der |
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368 Videoauflösung am nächsten kommt. Der Treiber ignoriert absichtlich |
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369 die Optionen <CODE>-vm</CODE> (Videomodusumschaltung aktivieren) und <CODE>- |
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370 fs</CODE> (Vollbildmodus erzwingen) - er versucht immer, so viel des Bildes |
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371 wie möglich durch eine Änderung der Auflösung zu bedecken. |
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372 Dadurch wird nicht ein einziger weitere CPU-Takt für die Skalierung des |
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373 Bildes verwendet. Wenn du mit dem Modus nicht zufrieden bist, den der Treiber |
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374 gewählt hat, dann kannst du ihn zwingen, denjenigen Modus zu |
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375 wählen, der am besten zu dem mit den Optionen <CODE>-x</CODE> und |
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376 <CODE>-y</CODE> angegebenen Werten passt. Die Option <CODE>-v</CODE> |
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377 veranlasst den DGA-Treiber, neben einigen anderen Dingen auch alle von deiner |
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378 XF86-Konfiguration unterstützen Videomodi aufzulisten. Wenn DGA2 |
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379 verwendet wird, dann kannst du mit der <CODE>-bpp</CODE>-Option die |
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380 Verwendung einer bestimmten Farbtiefe erzwingen. Gültige Werte sind 15, |
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381 16, 24 und 32. Es hängt dann von deiner Hardware ab, ob der Modus nativ |
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382 unterstützt wird, oder ob eine (möglicherweise langsame) |
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383 Konvertierung stattfindet.</P> |
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385 <P>Wenn du Glück hast und dir genug unbenutzter Grafikspeicher zur |
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386 Verfügung steht, um ein komplettes Bild aufzunehmen, dann wird der DGA- |
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387 Treiber Doppelpufferung verwenden, was zu regelmäßigerer |
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388 Wiedergabe führt. Der DGA-Treiber wird dir mitteilen, ob Doppelpufferung |
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389 angeschaltet ist oder nicht.</P> |
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390 |
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391 <P>Doppelpufferung bedeutet, dass das nächste Bild deines Videos bereits |
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392 an einer anderen Stelle im Grafikspeicher aufgebaut wird, während das |
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393 aktuelle Bild angezeigt wird. Wenn das nächste Bild fertig ist, so wird |
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394 dem Grafikchip nur noch mitgeteilt, wo er das neue Bild im Speicher finden |
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395 kann. Somit holt sich der Chip seine Daten einfach von dort. In der |
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396 Zwischenzeit wird der andere, jetzt unbenutze Puffer wieder mit neuen |
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397 Videodaten gefüllt.</P> |
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399 <P>Doppelpufferung kann mit der Option <CODE>-double</CODE> aktiviert und mit |
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400 <CODE>-nodouble</CODE> deaktiviert werden. Momentan ist die Doppelpufferung |
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401 standardmäßig deaktiviert. Wenn der DGA-Treiber verwendet wird, |
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402 dann funktioniert das Onscreen-Display (ODS) nur dann, wenn auch die |
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403 Doppelpufferung aktiviert ist. Andererseits kann die Doppelpufferung auch |
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404 einen großen Einbruch bei der Geschwindigkeit hervorrufen, was sehr von |
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405 der DGA-Implementierung der Treiber für deine Hardware abhängt (auf |
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406 meinem K6-II+ 525 benötigt Doppelpufferung weitere 20% CPU-Zeit!).</P> |
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407 |
9285 | 408 |
9313 | 409 <H4>PUNKTE BZGL. DER GESCHWINDIGKEIT</H4> |
1895 | 410 |
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411 <P>Generell gesehen sollte der Zugriff auf den DGA-Framebuffer genauso |
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412 schnell sein wie der X11-Treiber, wobei man zusätzlich noch ein Vollbild |
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413 erhält. Die prozentualen Geschwindigkeitswerte, die MPlayer |
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414 ausgibt, müssen mit Vorsicht genossen werden, da sie z.B. beim X11- |
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415 Treiber nicht die Zeit beinhalten, die der X-Server tatsächlich zum |
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416 Anzeigen des Bildes benötigt. Klemm ein Terminal an deinen seriellen |
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417 Port und starte <CODE>top</CODE>, wenn du wissen willst, wie's wirklich mit |
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418 der Geschwindigkeit aussieht.</P> |
1895 | 419 |
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420 <P>Allgemein betrachtet hängt die Geschwindigkeitsverbesserung von DGA |
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421 gegenüber dem "normalen" X11-Treiber sehr von deiner Grafikkarte und |
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422 davon ab, wie gut das X-Servermodul optimiert ist.</P> |
1895 | 423 |
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424 <P>Wenn du ein langsames System hast, dann benutz besser eine Farbtiefe von |
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425 15 oder 16bit, da sie nur die halbe Bandbreite des 32bit-Farbmodus |
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426 benötigen.</P> |
1895 | 427 |
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428 <P>Einge gute Idee ist auch die Verwendung von 24bit Farbtiefe selbst dann, |
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429 wenn deine Grafikkarte nativ nur 32bit unterstützt, da bei 24bit 25% |
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430 weniger Daten über den Bus transferiert werden müssen.</P> |
1895 | 431 |
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432 <P>Ich habe schon gesehen, wie einige AVI-Dateien auf einem Pentium MMX 266 |
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433 wiedergegeben werden konnten. AMD K6-2-CPUs werden ab ca. 400 MHz oder |
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434 höher funktionieren.</P> |
1895 | 435 |
9285 | 436 |
9313 | 437 <H4>BEKANNTE FEHLER</H4> |
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438 |
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439 <P>Die Entwickler von XFree sagen selber, dass DGA ein ganz schönes |
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440 Monstrum ist. Sie raten eher davon ab, es zu benutzen, da seine Implementation |
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441 bei bestimmten Treibern nicht immer ganz fehlerfrei war.</P> |
1895 | 442 |
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443 <UL> |
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444 <LI>Bei der Kombination aus XFree 4.0.3 und dem nv.o-Treiber gibt es |
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445 einen Fehler, der zu merkwürdigen Farben führt.</LI> |
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446 <LI>Die ATI-Treiber müssen den Videomodus mehrmals zurückstellen, |
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447 nachdem der DGA-Modus verlassen wurde.</LI> |
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448 <LI>Einige Treiber schaffen es manchmal einfach nicht, in die vorherige |
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449 Auflösung zurückzuschalten. Benutze in solch einem Fall |
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450 Ctrl-Alt-Keypad + und -, um manuell die Auflösung zu ändern. |
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451 </LI> |
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452 <LI>Einige Treiber zeigen einfach nur merkwürdige Farben an.</LI> |
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453 <LI>Einige Treiber lügen, was die von ihnen in den Prozessorspeicher |
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454 eingeblendete Menge Grafikspeicher anbelangt, weswegen vo_dga |
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455 nicht die Doppelpufferung verwendet (SIS?).</LI> |
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456 <LI>Einige Treiber schaffen es nicht einmal, auch nur einen einzigen |
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457 gültigen Grafikmodus bereitzustellen. In solchen Fällen |
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458 gibt der DGA-Treiber schwachsinnige Modi wie z.B. 100000x100000 oder |
9285 | 459 so ähnlich aus.</LI> |
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460 <LI>Das OSD funktioniert nur, wenn auch die Doppelpufferung aktiviert ist. |
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461 </LI> |
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462 </UL> |
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463 |
1895 | 464 |
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465 <H4><A NAME="sdl">2.3.1.2.3 SDL</A></H4> |
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466 |
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467 <P>SDL (Simple Directmedia Layer, Simpele Schicht für den direkten |
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468 Zugriff auf Mediageräte) bietet grundsätzlich eine einheitliche |
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469 Schnittstelle zu Audio- und Videogeräten. Programme, die die SDL |
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470 benutzen, kennen nur die SDL und brauchen kein Wissen darüber, welche |
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471 Video- oder Audiotreiber die SDL tatsächlich benutzt. So kann z.B. eine |
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472 Doom-Portierung mit der SDL die Svgalib, aalib, X11, fbdev und andere Treiber |
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473 benutzen. Dazu musst du z.B. nur den Videotreiber angeben, indem du die |
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474 Umgebungsvariable <CODE>SDL_VIDEODRIVER</CODE> setzt. So lautet zumindest die |
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475 Theorie.</P> |
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476 |
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477 <P>Bei MPlayer benutzten wir damals die Softwareskalierroutinen der |
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478 X11-Treiber von SDL bei Grafikkarten, die keine Unterstützung für |
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479 XVideo hatten, bis wir unsere eigenen schrieben, die schneller und |
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480 hübscher waren. Wir benutzten damals ausßerdem SDLs aalib-Ausgabe. |
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481 Auch davon haben wir selber eine komfortablere Version geschrieben. SDLs DGA- |
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482 Code war besser als unserer - zumindest bis vor kurzem. Verstehst du, worauf |
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483 ich hinauswill? :)</P> |
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484 |
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485 <P>SDL ist auch bei einigen fehlerbehafteten Treibern/Karten nützlich, |
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486 wenn das Video ruckelig abgespielt wird (und es nicht an einem langsamen |
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487 System liegt), oder wenn der Ton hinterherhinkt.</P> |
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488 |
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489 <P>Die SDL-Videoausgabe unterstützt die Anzeige von Untertiteln |
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490 unterhalb des Films auf den schwarzen Balken (sofern diese vorhanden |
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491 sind).</P> |
1895 | 492 |
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493 <P><B>Es gibt einige Komanndozeilenparameter bezüglich SDL:</B></P> |
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494 <DL> |
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495 <DT><CODE>-vo sdl:name</CODE></DT> |
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496 <DD>Gibt den Namen des SDL-Videotreibers an (z.B. aalib, dga, x11)</DD> |
5185 | 497 |
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498 <DT><CODE>-ao sdl:name</CODE></DT> |
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499 <DD>Gibt den Namen des SDL-Audiotreibers an (z.B. dsp, esd, arts)</DD> |
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500 |
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501 <DT><CODE>-noxv</CODE></DT> |
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502 <DD>Deaktiviert die XVideo-Hardwarebeschleunigung</DD> |
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503 |
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504 <DT><CODE>-forcexv</CODE></DT> |
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505 <DD>Versucht, die Verwendung der XVideo-Beschleunigung zu erzwingen</DD> |
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506 </DL> |
1895 | 507 |
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508 <TABLE BORDER=0> |
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509 <TR><TD COLSPAN=4><P><B>SDL-Tasten:</B></P></TD></TR> |
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510 <TR><TD></TD><TD><CODE>F</CODE></TD><TD></TD> |
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511 <TD>Umschalten zwischen Vollbild/Fenstermodus</TD></TR> |
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512 <TR><TD></TD><TD><CODE>C</CODE></TD><TD></TD> |
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513 <TD>Wechselt zwischen den vorhandenen Vollbildmodi</TD></TR> |
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514 <TR><TD></TD><TD><CODE>W/S</CODE></TD><TD></TD> |
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515 <TD>gleiche Funktionen wie * und / (Mixersteuerung)</TD></TR> |
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516 </TABLE> |
1895 | 517 |
9313 | 518 |
519 <H4>BEKANNTE FEHLER</H4> | |
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520 |
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521 <UL> |
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522 <LI>Tasten, die bei sdl:aalib einmal gedrückt werden, bleiben aus |
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523 Sicht des Programmes gedrückt (benutz also <CODE>-vo aa</CODE>!). |
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524 Das ist ein Fehler in SDL, den ich nicht beheben kann (mit SDL 1.2.1 |
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525 getestet).</LI> |
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526 <LI>Benutze AUF KEINEN FALL SDL mit dem GUI! Das funktioniert nicht so, |
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527 wie es sollte.</LI> |
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528 </UL> |
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529 |
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530 <H4><A NAME="svgalib">2.3.1.2.4 SVGAlib</A></H4> |
1895 | 531 |
9313 | 532 <H4>INSTALLATION</H4> |
7079 | 533 |
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534 <P>Du must zuerst die svgalib und die dazugehörigen Devel-Pakete |
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535 installieren, bevor du MPlayer compilierst, da es die Svgalib sonst |
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536 nicht automatisch findet und den Treiber dazu nicht compiliert (das kann aber |
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537 trotzdem erzwungen werden). Vergiss auch nicht, in |
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538 <CODE>/etc/vga/libvga.config</CODE> richtige Werte für deine Grafikkarte |
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539 & deinen Monitor anzugeben.</P> |
7079 | 540 |
9285 | 541 <H4>ANMERKUNGEN</H4> |
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542 |
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543 <P>Verwende nicht die <CODE>-fs</CODE>-Option, da sie die Benutzung des |
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544 Softwareskalierers erzwingt, und das ganze dann langsam wird. Wenn du diese |
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545 Option wirklich brauchst, dann verwende auch <CODE>-sws 4</CODE>, welche zwar |
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546 schlechte Qualität produziert, dafür aber auch ein wenig schneller |
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547 ist.</P> |
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548 |
1895 | 549 |
9313 | 550 <H4>EGA(4bpp)-UNTERSTÜTZUNG</H4> |
1895 | 551 |
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552 <P>SVGAlib beinhaltet die EGAlib, und MPlayer kann damit jeden Film in |
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553 16 Farben bei den folgenden Modi anzeigen:</P> |
1895 | 554 |
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555 <UL> |
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556 <LI>EGA-Karte mit EGA-Monitor: 320x200x4bpp, 640x200x4bpp, 640x350x4bpp</LI> |
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557 <LI>EGA-Karte mit CGA-Monitor: 320x200x4bpp, 640x200x4bpp</LI> |
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558 </UL> |
1895 | 559 |
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560 <P>Der bpp-Wert (Bits pro Pixel) muss von Hand auf vier gesetzt werden:<BR> |
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561 <CODE>-bpp 4</CODE><BR> |
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562 Die Auflösung des Films muss wahrscheinlich verkleinert werden, damit |
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563 er in den EGA-Modus reinpasst:<BR> |
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564 <CODE>-vf scale=640:350</CODE> or<BR> |
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565 <CODE>-vf scale=320:200</CODE><BR> |
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566 Dafür brauchen wir eine schnelle, aber schlechte Qualität |
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567 produzierende Skalierroutine:<BR> |
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568 <CODE>-sws 4</CODE><BR> |
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569 Eventuell muss die automatische Anpassung des |
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570 Höhen-/Breitenverältnisses ausgeschaltet werden:<BR> |
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571 <CODE>-noaspect</CODE></P> |
1895 | 572 |
9285 | 573 <P><B>ANMERKUNG:</B> Die besten Ergebnisse bei EGA-Bildschirmen erhält |
574 man meiner Erfahrung nach, wenn man die Helligkeit ein wenig verringert: | |
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575 <CODE>-vf eq=-20:0</CODE>. Ich musste auch die Audiosamplerate erniedrigen, |
9285 | 576 weil bei 44KHz der Sound nicht richtig funktionierte: <CODE>-srate 22050</CODE>. |
577 </P> | |
578 | |
579 <P>Du kannst das OSD und Untertitel mit dem <CODE>expand</CODE>-Filter | |
580 aktivieren. Die man-Page enthält die exakten Parameter.</P> | |
581 | |
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582 |
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583 <H4><A NAME="fbdev">2.3.1.2.5 Framebuffer-Ausgabe (FBdev)</A></H4> |
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584 |
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585 <P><CODE>./configure</CODE> erkennt automatisch, ob es den Framebuffertreiber |
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586 (fbdev) compilieren soll oder nicht. Lies die Framebufferdokumentation in den |
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587 Kernelquellen (<CODE>Documentation/fb/*</CODE>); dort stehen mehr |
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588 Informationen.</P> |
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589 |
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590 <P>Falls deine Karte den VBE 2.0-Standard nicht unterstützt (wie z.B. |
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591 ältere ISA-/PCI-Karten wie die S3 Trio64) oder nur VBE 1.2 und |
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592 älter unterstützt: Tja, dann kannst du immer noch VESAfb benutzen, |
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593 benötigst aber den SciTech Display Doctor (ehemals UniVBE), der vor dem |
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594 Booten von Linux geladen werden muss. Benutze dazu eine DOS-Bootdiskette oder |
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595 was auch immer. Vergiss nicht, deine Kopie von UniVBE zu registrieren ;).</P> |
1895 | 596 |
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597 <P>Die fbdev-Ausgabe kenn neben den üblichen Parametern noch einige |
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598 andere:</P> |
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599 |
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600 <DL> |
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601 <DT><CODE>-fb</CODE></DT> |
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602 <DD>Gibt das zu benutzende Framebuffergerät an |
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603 (Standard <CODE>/dev/fb0</CODE>)</DD> |
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604 |
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605 <DT><CODE>-fbmode</CODE></DT> |
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606 <DD>Gibt zu benutzenden Modusnamen an (wie sie in <CODE>/etc/fb.modes</CODE> |
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607 stehen)</DD> |
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608 |
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609 <DT><CODE>-fbmodeconfig</CODE></DT> |
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610 <DD>Konfigurationsdatei für die Modi (Standard |
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611 <CODE>/etc/fb.modes</CODE>)</DD> |
1895 | 612 |
11289 | 613 <DT><CODE>-monitor-hfreq</CODE></DT> |
614 <DT><CODE>-monitor-vfreq</CODE></DT> | |
615 <DT><CODE>-monitor-dotclock</CODE></DT> | |
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616 <DD><STRONG>Wichtige</STRONG> Werte, schau dir die <CODE>example.conf</CODE> |
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617 an</DD> |
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618 </DL> |
1895 | 619 |
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620 <P>Wenn du in einen speziellen Modus wechseln willst, dann benutze</P> |
1895 | 621 |
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622 <P><CODE> mplayer -vm -fbmode (Modusname) |
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623 Dateiname</CODE></P> |
1895 | 624 |
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625 <UL> |
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626 <LI><B>-vm</B> ohne weitere Optionen wird den am besten passenden Modus |
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627 aus <CODE>/etc/fb.modes</CODE> auswählen. Kann auch zusammen mit |
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628 <CODE>-x</CODE> und <CODE>-y</CODE> benutzt werden. Die Option <CODE>- |
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629 flip</CODE> wird nur dann unterstützt, wenn das Pixelformat des |
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630 Films mit dem Pixelformat des Videomodus übereinstimmt. Pass auf den |
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631 bpp-Wert auf. fbdev wird den aktuell eingestellten benutzen, wenn du |
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632 nicht mit <CODE>-bpp</CODE> einen bestimmten angibst.</LI> |
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633 <LI><B>-zoom</B> wird nicht unterstützt (Softwareskalierung ist |
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634 langsam). <CODE>-fs</CODE> wird nicht unterstützt. Du kannst keine |
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635 Modi mit 8bpp oder weniger benutzen.</LI> |
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636 <LI>Wahrscheinlich wirst du den Cursor (<CODE>echo -e '\033[?25l'</CODE> |
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637 oderr <CODE>setterm -cursor off</CODE>) und den Bildschirmschoner |
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638 (<CODE>setterm -blank 0</CODE>) deaktivieren wollen. Um den Cursor wieder |
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639 zu aktivieren: <CODE>echo -e '\033[?25h'</CODE> oder <CODE>setterm - |
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640 cursor on</CODE>. </LI> |
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641 </UL> |
1895 | 642 |
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643 <P>Anmerkung: fbdev kann den Videomodus in Verbindung mit dem VESA- |
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644 Framebuffer nicht ändern. Frag auch nicht danach - das ist keine |
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645 Einschränkung seitens MPlayer.</P> |
1895 | 646 |
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647 <H4><A NAME="mga_vid">2.3.1.2.6 Matrox-Framebuffer (mga_vid)</A></H4> |
1895 | 648 |
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649 <P>Dieser Abschnitt beschäftigt sich mit der Unterstützung für |
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650 den BES (Back-End Scaler, Hardwareskalierungseinheit) bei Karten mit dem |
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651 Matrox-G200/G400/G450/G550-Chip durch das mga_vid-Kernelmodul. Es wird von |
9285 | 652 A'rpi aktiv entwickelt und bietet Unterstützung für Hardware- |
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653 VSYNC und Dreifachpufferung. Dieser Treiber funktioniert sowohl unter der |
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654 Framebufferconsole als auch unter X.</P> |
1895 | 655 |
9285 | 656 <P><B>ANMERKUNG</B>: Das Modul ist nur für Linux-Systeme verfügbar! |
657 Auf nicht-Linux-Systemen solltest du statt dessen <A HREF="#vidix">VIDIX</A> | |
658 benutzen!</P> | |
1895 | 659 |
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660 <P><B>Installation:</B></P> |
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661 <OL> |
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662 <LI>Um den Treiber benutzen zu können, musst du erstmal mga_vid.o |
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663 compilieren: |
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664 <P><CODE>cd drivers<BR> |
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665 make</CODE></P></LI> |
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666 <LI>Jetzt erstelle das Gerät <CODE>/dev/mga_vid</CODE>: |
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667 <P><CODE>mknod /dev/mga_vid c 178 0</CODE></P> |
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668 <P>und lade das Kernelmodul:</P> |
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669 <P><CODE>insmod mga_vid.o</CODE></P></LI> |
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670 <LI>Du solltest sicherstellen, dass das Modul die Größe des |
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671 Grafikkartenspeichers korrekt ermittelt hat. Benutze dazu |
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672 <CODE>dmesg</CODE>. Wenn die Angabe nicht stimmt, dann gib nach |
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673 <CODE>rmmod mga_vid</CODE> mithilfe der Option <CODE>mga_ram_size</CODE> |
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674 die Größe explizit an: |
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675 <P><CODE>insmod mga_vid.o mga_ram_size=16</CODE></P></LI> |
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676 <LI>Wenn das Modul automatisch geladen und entladen werden soll, sobald |
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677 es benötigt wird, so füge die folgende Zeile in der Datei |
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678 <CODE>/etc/modules.conf</CODE> ein: |
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679 <P><CODE>alias char-major-178 mga_vid</CODE></P> |
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680 <P>Jetzt kopiere <CODE>mga_vid.o</CODE> in das entsprechende Verzeichnis |
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681 unterhalt von <CODE>/lib/modules/<Kernelversion>/irgendwo</CODE>. |
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682 </P> |
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683 <P>Jetzt gib ein:</P> |
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684 <P><CODE>depmod -a</CODE></P></LI> |
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685 <LI>Schließlich musst du noch MPlayer (erneut) compilieren. |
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686 <CODE>configure</CODE> wird automatisch <CODE>/dev/mga_vid</CODE> finden |
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687 und den 'mga'-Treiber erstellen. Die entsprechende Option für |
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688 MPlayer lautet <CODE>-vo mga</CODE>, wenn du mit dem matroxfb |
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689 auf der Console arbeitest, oder <CODE>-vo xmga</CODE>, wenn du unter |
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690 XFree 3.x.x oder XFree 4.x.x arbeitest.</P></LI> |
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691 </OL> |
1895 | 692 |
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693 <P>Der mga_vid-Treiber kooperiert mit Xv.</P> |
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694 |
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695 <P>Das <CODE>/dev/mga_vid</CODE>-Gerät kann z.B. mit <CODE>cat |
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696 /dev/mga_vid</CODE> ausgelesen werden, um ein paar Informationen über |
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697 den aktuellen Zustand zu erhalten. Die Helligkeit kann zusätzlich mit |
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698 z.B. <CODE>echo "brightness=120" > /dev/mga_vid</CODE> angepasst |
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699 werden.</P> |
1895 | 700 |
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701 |
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702 <H4><A NAME="tdfxfb">2.3.1.2.7 3dfx-YUV-Unterstützung (tdfxfb)</A></H4> |
1895 | 703 |
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704 <P>Dieser Treiber benutzt den tdfx-Framebuffertreiber des Kernels, um Filme |
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705 mit YUV-Beschleunigung abzuspielen. Deswegen benötigst du einen Kernel |
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706 mit tdfxfb-Unterstütztung. Danach musst du MPlayer compilieren |
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707 und <CODE>configure</CODE> mit der Option <CODE>--enable-tdfxfb</CODE> |
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708 aufrufen.</P> |
1895 | 709 |
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710 |
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711 <H4><A NAME="opengl">2.3.1.2.8 OpenGL-Ausgabe</A></H4> |
1895 | 712 |
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713 <P>MPlayer unterstützt die Ausgabe von Filmen via OpenGL. Wenn |
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714 aber deine Plattform/dein Treibe Xv unterstützt (was bei PCs mit Linux |
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715 praktisch immer der Fall ist), dann benutze besser Xv, da die OpenGL- |
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716 Geschwindigkeit deutlich geringer als die von Xv ist. Wenn du dagegen eine |
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717 X11-Implementation hast, die Xv nicht unterstützt, so mag OpenGL eine |
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718 brauchbare Alternative sein.</P> |
1895 | 719 |
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720 <P>Leider unterstützden nicht alle Treiber die erforderlichen Features. |
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721 Die Utah-GLX-Treiber (für XFree86 3.3.6) unterstützen sie für |
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722 alle Karten. Auf <A HREF="http://utah-glx.sourceforge.net">http://utah- |
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723 glx.sourceforge.net</A> findest du Details zur Installation.</P> |
6314 | 724 |
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725 <P>XFree86(DRI) 4.0.3 oder neuer unterstützt OpenGL mit Matrox- und |
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726 Radeon-Karten, 4.2.0 und neuer unterstützen zustätzlich Rage128. |
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727 Auf <A HREF="http://dri.sourceforge.net">http://dri.sourceforge.net</A> |
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728 findest du Details zur Installation.</P> |
1895 | 729 |
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730 |
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731 <H4><A NAME="aalib">2.3.1.2.9 AAlib - Ausgabe im Textmodus</A></H4> |
1895 | 732 |
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733 <P><B>AAlib</B> ist eine Bilbiothek, mit der Grafiken im Textmodus angezeigt |
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734 werden, wobei ein mächtiger Textmodusrenderer benutzt wird. Es gibt SEHR |
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735 viele Programme, die das bereits unterstützen, wie z.B. Doom, Quake etc. |
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736 MPlayer enthält einen sehr gut brauchbaren Treiber für |
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737 AAlib. Wenn <CODE>./configure</CODE> feststellt, dass die AAlib installiert |
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738 ist, dann wird anschließend der AAlib-Treiber gebaut.</P> |
1895 | 739 |
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740 <TABLE BORDER=0> |
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741 <TR><TD COLSPAN=4><P><B>Du kannst diese Tasten im AA-Fenster benutzen, |
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742 um die Render-Optionen zu beeinflussen:</B></P></TD></TR> |
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743 <TR><TD> </TD><TD><CODE>1</CODE></TD><TD> </TD> |
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744 <TD>Kontrast verringern</TD></TR> |
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745 <TR><TD></TD><TD><CODE>2</CODE></TD><TD></TD> |
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746 <TD>Kontrast erhöhen</TD></TR> |
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747 <TR><TD></TD><TD><CODE>3</CODE></TD><TD></TD> |
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748 <TD>Helligkeit verringern</TD></TR> |
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749 <TR><TD></TD><TD><CODE>4</CODE></TD><TD></TD> |
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750 <TD>Helligkeit erhöhen</TD></TR> |
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751 <TR><TD></TD><TD><CODE>5</CODE></TD><TD></TD> |
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752 <TD>Schnelles Rendern an-/ausschalten</TD></TR> |
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753 <TR><TD></TD><TD><CODE>6</CODE></TD><TD></TD> |
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754 <TD>Wahl des Farbverteilungsmodus (keiner, Fehlerverteilung, |
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755 Floyd Steinberg)</TD></TR> |
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756 <TR><TD></TD><TD><CODE>7</CODE></TD><TD></TD> |
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757 <TD>Bild invertieren</TD></TR> |
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758 <TR><TD></TD><TD><CODE>a</CODE></TD><TD></TD> |
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759 <TD>schaltet zwischen den MPlayer- und den AA-Tastenbelegungen um |
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760 </TD></TR> |
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761 </TABLE> |
1895 | 762 |
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763 <P><B>Die folgenden Kommandozeilenparamter stehen zur VerfügungT:</B></P> |
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764 <DL> |
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765 <DT><CODE>-aaosdcolor=V</CODE></DT> |
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766 <DD>OSD-Farbe ändern</DD> |
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767 |
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768 <DT><CODE>-aasubcolor=V</CODE></DT> |
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769 <DD>Farbe der Untertitel ändern |
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770 <P><I>V kann folgende Werte annehmen: (0/normal, 1/dark ( = dunkel), |
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771 2/bold ( = fett), 3/bold font ( = fette Schrift), 4/reverse ( = negative |
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772 Farben), 5/special)</I></P></DD> |
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773 </DL> |
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774 |
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775 <P><B>Die AAlib selber bietet ebenfalls eine große Anzahl von Optionen. |
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776 Hier sind die wichtigsten:</B></P> |
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777 |
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778 <DL> |
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779 <DT><CODE>-aadriver</CODE></DT> |
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780 <DD>wählt den empfohlenen aa-Treiber (X11, curses, Linux)</DD> |
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781 |
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782 <DT><CODE>-aaextended</CODE></DT> |
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783 <DD>benutze alle 256 Zeichen</DD> |
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784 |
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785 <DT><CODE>-aaeight</CODE></DT> |
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786 <DD>benutze auch ASCII-Zeichen mit dem achten Bit</DD> |
1895 | 787 |
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788 <DT><CODE>-aahelp</CODE></DT> |
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789 <DD>gibt alle aalib-Optionen aus</DD> |
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790 </DL> |
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791 |
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792 <P>ANMERKUNG: Das Rendern ist sehr CPU-intensiv, vor allem, wenn AA unter X |
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793 benutzt wird. AAlib braucht auf einer Nicht-Framebuffer-Console am wenigstens |
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794 CPU-Zeit. Benutze <CODE>SVGATextMode</CODE>, um einen möglichst |
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795 großen Textmodus zu wählen, und genieß den Film! (Hercules- |
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796 Karten als zweitem Ausgebegerät rocken :)) (Kann irgendjemand |
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797 fbdev/hgafb beibringen, Konvertierung/Farbverteilung vorzunehmen? Wär |
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798 nett :))</P> |
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799 |
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800 <P>Wenn dein Computer nicht schnell genug ist, um alle Bilder anzuzeigen, |
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801 dann benutz <CODE>-framedrop</CODE>.</P> |
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802 |
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803 <P>Wenn du auf einem Terminal abspielst, dann erzielst du mit dem Linux- |
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804 Treiber (<CODE>-aadriver linux</CODE>) bessere Ergebnisse als mit dem curses- |
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805 Treiber. Allerdings benötigst du dafür auch Schreibrechte auf |
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806 <CODE>/dev/vcsa<terminal></CODE>. Das wird nicht automatisch von aalib |
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807 festgestellt, aber vo_aa versucht, den besten Modus herauszufinden. Lies <A |
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808 HREF="http://aa-project.sourceforge.net/tune/">http://aa- |
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809 project.sourceforge.net/tune/</A> für weitere Tuningtipps.</P> |
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810 |
9313 | 811 |
9285 | 812 <H4><A NAME="vesa">2.3.1.2.10 VESA-Ausgabe über das VESA-BIOS</A></H4> |
8833
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813 |
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814 <P>Dieser Treiber ist vom Design her ein <B>generischer Treiber</B> für |
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815 alle Grafikkarten, deren Bios VESA VBE 2.0+ unterstützt. Ein weiterer |
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816 Vorteil dieses Treibers liegt darin, dass er versucht, den TV-Ausgang anzuschalten. |
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817 <BR><B>VESA BIOS EXTENSION (VBE) Version 3.0 Date: September 16, 1998</B> (Seite 70) |
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818 hat folgendes zu sagen:</P> |
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819 |
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820 <BLOCKQUOTE> |
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821 <B>Design für zwei Controller</B><BR> |
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822 |
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823 VBE 3.0 unterstützt zwei Controller dadurch, dass angenommen wird, |
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824 dass beide Controller vom gleichen OEM (Hardwarehersteller) stammen und |
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825 unter Kontrolle desselben BIOS auf derselben Grafikkarte sitzen. Somit ist |
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826 es möglich, die Tatsache, dass zwei Controller vorhanden sind, vor der |
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827 Anwendung zu verbergen. Das verhindert zwar, dass beide Controller |
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828 unabhängig voneinander gesteuert werden, erlaubt andererseits aber, |
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829 dass Anwendungen weiterhin problemlos funktionieren, die vor Erscheinen der |
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830 VBE-3.0-Spezifikation geschrieben wurden. Die VBE-Funktion 00h (Auskunft |
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831 über die Controller, Return Controller Information) gibt |
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832 dementsprechend die kombinierten Informationen über beide Controller |
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833 zurück, was auch eine kobinierte Liste der vorhandenen Grafikmodi |
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834 einschließt. Sobald eine Anwendung einen Grafikmodus wählt, wird |
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835 der entsprechende Controller aktiviert. Alle weiteren VBE-Funtkionen werden |
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836 dann auf diesem Controller ausgeführt. |
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837 </BLOCKQUOTE> |
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838 |
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839 <P>Somit hast du also eine Chance, den TV-Ausgang mit diesem Treiber zum |
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840 Laufen zu bringen.<BR> |
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841 (Ich vermute, dass der TV-Ausgang normalerweise auf einer separaten |
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842 Grafikkarte oder zumindest ein separater Ausgang ist.)</P> |
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843 |
9313 | 844 |
845 <H4>VORTEILE</H4> | |
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846 |
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847 <UL> |
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848 <LI>Du hast die Möglichkeit, selbst dann Filme anzusehen, wenn |
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849 <B>Linux nichts von deiner Grafikhardware weiß</B>.</LI> |
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850 <LI>Du musst keine einzige Grafikanwendung installiert haben (wie |
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851 X11/XFree86, fbdev usw.). Dieser Treiber wird im <B>Textmodus</B> |
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852 benutzt.</LI> |
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853 <LI>Die Chancen stehen gut, dass der <B>TV-Ausgang funktioniert</B>. (Es |
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854 funktioniert nachweislich zumindest auf ATI-Karten.)</LI> |
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855 <LI>Dieser Treiber ruft wirklich die <B>int 10h</B>-Routine auf und ist |
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856 dementsprechend kein Emulator - er ruft <B>echte</B> Funktionen des |
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857 <B>echten</B> BIOS im <B>Real</B>-Modus auf (bzw. im vm68-Modus).</LI> |
9285 | 858 <LI>Du kannst den Treiber zusammen mit VIDIX benutzen und erhälst |
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859 dadurch gleichzeitig hardwarebeschleunigte Grafikanzeige <B>UND</B> den |
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860 TV-Ausgang! (für ATI-Karten empfohlen)</LI> |
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861 <LI>Wenn du ein VESA-VBE-3.0+-BIOS hast und irgendwo die Optionen |
11289 | 862 <CODE>monitor-hfreq</CODE>, <CODE>monitor-vfreq</CODE>, |
863 <CODE>monitor-dotclock</CODE> angegeben werden (Kommandozeile, | |
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864 Konfigurationsdatei), dann bekommst du die höchstmögliche |
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865 Bildwiederholrate (mit den generischen Timingformeln). Um dieses Feature |
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866 zu aktivieren, müssen <B>alle</B> Monitoroptionen angegeben |
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867 werden.</LI> |
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868 </UL> |
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869 |
9313 | 870 |
871 <H4>NACHTEILE</H4> | |
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872 |
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873 <UL> |
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874 <LI>Der Treiber funtkioniert nur auf <B>x86-Systemen</B>.</LI> |
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875 <LI>Er kann nur von <B>root</B> benutzt werden.</LI> |
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876 <LI>Momentan ist er nur für <B>Linux</B> verfügbar.</LI> |
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877 </UL> |
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878 |
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879 <P>Benutz diesen Treiber nicht mit <B>GCC 2.96</B>! Das wird nicht |
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880 funktionieren!</P> |
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881 |
9313 | 882 |
883 <H4>BEI VESA VERFÜGBARE KOMMANDOZEILENOPTIONEN</H4> | |
884 | |
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885 <DL> |
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886 <DT><CODE>-vo vesa:opts</CODE></DT> |
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887 <DD>momentan erkannte Optionen <B>dga</B>, um den DGA-Modus zu erzwingen |
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888 und <B>nodga</B>, um ihn zu deaktivieren. Im DGA-Modus kannst du den |
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889 Doppelpuffermodus mit <CODE>-double</CODE> aktivieren. Anmerkung: Du |
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890 kannst diese Parameter auch weglassen, um die <B>automatische |
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891 Erkennung</B> des DGA-Modus zu ermöglichen.</DD> |
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892 </DL> |
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893 |
9313 | 894 |
895 <H4>BEKANNTE PROBLEME UND WIE MAN SIE UMGEHT</H4> | |
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896 |
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897 <UL> |
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898 <LI>Wenn du unter Linux eine <B>NLS</B>-Schrift verwendest und du den |
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899 VESA-Treiber aus dem Textmodus heraus aufrufst, dann wird nach dem |
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900 Beenden von MPlayer die <B>ROM-Schrift</B> anstelle der nationalen |
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901 geladen sein. Du kannst die nationale Schriftart erneut mit |
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902 <B><I>setsysfont</I></B>-Tool laden, das z.B. bei Mandrake zur |
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903 Distribution gehört.<BR> (<B>Tipp:</B> Das gleiche Tool wird |
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904 für die Lokalisation von fbdev verwendet.)</LI> |
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905 <LI>Eine <B>Linux-Grafiktreiber</B> aktualisieren nicht den aktiven |
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906 <B>BIOS-Modus</B> im DOS-Speicher. Wenn du also so ein Problem hast, dann |
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907 benutze den VESA-Treiber nur aus dem <B>Textmodus</B> heraus. Andernfalls |
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908 wird immer der Textmodus (#03) aktiviert werden, und du wirst den |
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909 Computer neustarten müssen.</LI> |
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910 <LI>Oftmals siehst du nur einen <B>schwarzen Bildschirm</B>, wenn der |
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911 VESA-Treiber beendet wird. Um die Anzeige wieder in den richtigen Zustand |
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912 zu versetzen, wechsele einfach zu einer anderen Console (mit <B>Alt- |
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913 Fx</B>) und wieder zurück.</LI> |
1895 | 914 |
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915 <LI>Um eine <B>funktionierenden TV-Ausgabe</B> zu erhalten, musst du das |
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916 TV-Kabel eingesteckt haben, bevor du deinen PC bootest, da das BIOS nur |
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917 einmal während der POST-Phase initialisiert wird.</LI> |
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918 </UL> |
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919 |
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920 <H4><A NAME="x11">2.3.1.2.11 X11</A></H4> |
1895 | 921 |
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922 <P>Vermeide diesen Treiber, wenn's geht. Er benutzt X11 (mit den Shared- |
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923 Memory-Erweiterungen) ohne jegliche Hardwarebeschleunigung. Unterstützt |
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924 MMX-/3DNow/SSE-beschleunigte Softwareskalierung mit den Optionen <CODE>-fs - |
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925 zoom</CODE>, aber die ist trotzdem langsam. Die meisten Karten bieten |
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926 Unterstützung für Hardwareskalierung. Benutze also <CODE>-vo |
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927 xv</CODE> in den meisten fällen bzw. <CODE>-vo xmga</CODE> bei Matrox- |
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928 Karten.</P> |
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929 |
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930 <P>Ein Problem liegt darin, dass die meisten Grafikkartentreiber |
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931 Hardwarebeschleunigung nicht beim zweiten Ausgang/beim TV-Ausgang |
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932 unterstützen. In diesen Fällen siehst du nur ein grünes/blaues |
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933 Fenster anstelle des Films. Hier ist der X11-Treiber ganz praktisch, aber du |
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934 brauchst trotzdem eine schnelle CPU für die Softwareskalierung. Benutze |
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935 nicht den SDL-Ausgabetreiber und SDLs Skalierer, da dieser eine schlechtere |
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936 Qualität bietet!</P> |
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937 |
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938 <P>Softwareskalierung ist sehr langsam. Versuch also besser, vorher in einen |
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939 anderen Videomodus zu schalten. Das ist sehr einfach. Such die |
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940 <A HREF="#dga_modelines">Modelines in der DGA-Sektion</A> und füge sie |
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941 in deine <CODE>XF86Config</CODE> ein.</P> |
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942 |
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943 <UL> |
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944 <LI>Wenn du XFree86 4.x.x hast, dann benutze die Option <CODE>-vm</CODE>. |
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945 MPlayer wird dann die Auflösung in diejenige ändern, |
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946 in die dein Film am besten hineinpasst. Wenn das nicht funktioniert:</LI> |
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947 <LI>Unter XFree86 3.x.x musst du mit <B>CTRL-ALT-plus</B> und <B>-minus</B> |
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948 die Auflösung ändern.</LI> |
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949 </UL> |
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950 |
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951 <P>Wenn du die soeben eingefügten Modi nicht wiederfindest, dann schau |
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952 dir die Ausgabe von XFree86 an. Einige Treiber können nicht die |
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953 niedrigen Pixelclock-Werte benutzen, die für niedrige Auflösungen |
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954 vonnöten sind.</P> |
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955 |
9313 | 956 |
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957 <H4><A NAME="vidix">2.3.1.2.12 VIDIX</A></H4> |
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958 |
9313 | 959 <H4>EINLEITUNG</H4> |
9285 | 960 |
961 <P>VIDIX ist die Abkürzung für <B>VID</B>eo <B>I</B>nterface for | |
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962 *ni<B>X</B> (Video-Schnittstelle für *n*x).<BR> VIDIX wurde entworfen, |
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963 um eine Schnittstelle für schnelle Userspacetreiber für |
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964 Grafikkarten zur Verfügung zu stellen, so wie es mga_vid für |
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965 Matroxkarten tut. VIDIX ist ebenfalls sehr portabel.</P> |
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966 |
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967 <P>Diese Schnittstelle wurde als Versuch entworfen, den vorhandenen |
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968 Schnittstellen für Videobeschleunigung (mga_vid, rage128_vid, |
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969 radeon_vid, pm3_vid) ein einheitliches Dach zu geben. Sie stellt einen |
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970 einheitlichen Highlevel-Zugang zu BES- und OV-Chips zur Verfügung |
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971 (BackEnd Scaler und Video Overlays). Sie stellt keine Lowlevel-Funktionen |
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972 für z.B. Grafikserver zur Verfügung. (Ich möchte nicht mit dem |
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973 X11-Leuten in Sachen Grafikmodusumschaltung konkurieren.) Das Ziel dieser |
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974 Schnittstelle liegt also einfach darin, die höchstmögliche |
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975 Geschwindigkeit bei der Videowiedergabe zu erreichen.</P> |
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976 |
9313 | 977 |
978 <H4>BENUTZUNG</H4> | |
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979 |
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980 <UL> |
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981 <LI>Du kannst den eigenständigen Videotreiber benutzen: |
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982 <CODE>-vo vidix</CODE><BR> |
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983 Dieser Treiber wurde als das X11-Frontend für die VIDIX-Technologie |
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984 entwickelt. Er benötigt dementsprechend einen X-Server und |
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985 funktioniert auch nur unter X. Beachte, dass der Pixmap-Cache korumpiert |
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986 werden kann, weil der Treiber unter Umgehung des X-Treibers direkt auf |
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987 die Hardware zugreift. Du kannst das dadurch verhindern, dass du die von |
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988 X verwendete Menge des Grafikspeichers verringerst. Benutze dafür |
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989 die Option "VideoRam" in der "device"-Sektion der |
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990 <CODE>XF86Config</CODE>. Du solltest da die installierte Menge |
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991 Grafikspeicher minus 4MB eintragen. Wenn du über weniger als 8MB |
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992 Grafikspeicher verfügst, dann solltest du stattdessen die Option |
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993 "XaaNoPixmapCache" in der "screen"-Sektion verwenden.</LI> |
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994 |
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995 <LI>Du kannst auch das VIDIX-Untergerät verwenden, das bei vielen |
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996 Treibern zur Verfügung steht:<BR> |
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997 <CODE>-vo vesa:vidix</CODE> (<B>nur unter Linux</B>) und |
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998 <CODE>-vo fbdev:vidix</CODE></LI> |
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999 </UL> |
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1000 |
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1001 <P>Es ist in der Tat nicht wichtig, welcher Videoausgabetreiber mit |
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1002 <B>VIDIX</B> verwendet wird.</P> |
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1003 |
9313 | 1004 |
1005 <H4>ANFORDERUNGEN</H4> | |
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1006 |
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1007 <UL> |
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1008 <LI>Die Grafikkarte sollte sich gerade im Grafikmodus befinden (ich |
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1009 schreibe <B>sollte</B>, weil ich's mal im Textmodus ausprobiert habe - es |
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1010 funktioniert zwar, produziert aber hässliche Ausgabe ;) Benutze in |
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1011 diesem Fall AAlib).<BR> |
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1012 <I>Anmerkung: Jeder kann diesen Trick ausprobieren, indem er den |
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1013 Moduswechsel im vo_vesa-Treiber auskommentiert.</I></LI> |
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1014 <LI>MPlayers Videoausgabetreiber sollte den aktiven Videomodus |
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1015 kennen und in der Lage sein, dem VIDIX-Untergerät ein paar |
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1016 Charakteristika des X-Servers mitzuteilen.</LI> |
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1017 </UL> |
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1018 |
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1019 <P>Ich hoffe, dass jeder von MPlayers Videoausgabetreibern das |
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1020 <CODE>:vidix</CODE>-Untergerät erkennt.</P> |
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1021 |
9313 | 1022 |
1023 <H4>BEDIENUNG</H4> | |
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1024 |
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1025 <P>Wenn VIDIX als <B>Untergerät</B> (<CODE>-vo vesa:vidix</CODE>) |
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1026 benutzt wird, dann wird die Konfiguration des Videomodus vom |
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1027 Videoausgabegerät erledigt (kurz <B>vo_server</B>). Deswegen kannst du |
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1028 die gleichen Kommandozeilenparameter wie für vo_server verwenden. |
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1029 Zusätzlich ist die Option <CODE>-double</CODE> global verfügbar. |
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1030 (Ich empfehle diese Option zumindest bei VIDIX und ATI-Karten.)<BR> <CODE>-vo |
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1031 xvidix</CODE> erkennt momentan die folgenden Optionen: <CODE>-fs -zoom -x -y |
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1032 -double</CODE>.</P> |
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1033 |
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1034 <P>Du kannst den VIDIX-Treiber auch direkt als drittes Teilargument auf der |
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1035 Kommandozeile angeben:<BR><BR> |
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1036 |
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1037 <code>mplayer -vo xvidix:mga_vid.so -fs -zoom -double |
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1038 file.avi</code><BR> |
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1039 oder<BR> |
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1040 <code>mplayer -vo vesa:vidix:radeon_vid.so -fs -zoom -double -bpp |
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1041 32 file.avi</code><BR><BR> |
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1042 |
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1043 Das ist allerdings gefährlich, und du solltest das lieber nicht tun. |
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1044 Hierbei wird die Verwendung des angegebenen Treibers erzwungen, und das |
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1045 Resultat ist unklar (dein Computer könnte sogar <B>abstürzen</B>). |
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1046 Du solltest das wirklich NUR DANN tun, wenn du absolut sicher bist, dass es |
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1047 funktioniert und MPlayer es nicht eh schon automatisch auswählt. |
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1048 Berichte den Entwicklern von deinen Erfahrungen. Die korrekte Art, VIDIX zu |
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1049 benutzen, ist ohne das dritte Teilargument, sodass MPlayer automatishc |
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1050 den richtigen Treiber aussucht.</P> |
1895 | 1051 |
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1052 <P>VIDIX ist eine sehr junge Technologie. Es ist deshalb gut möglich, |
9285 | 1053 dass sie auf deinem System nicht funktioniert. In diesem |
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1054 Fall liegt deine einzige Möglichkeit darin, VIDIX auf dein System zu |
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1055 portieren (hauptsächlich die <CODE>libdha</CODE>). Aber es gibt immer |
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1056 noch die Hoffnung, dass es auf den Systemen funktioniert, auf denen auch X11 |
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1057 funktioniert.</P> |
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1058 |
9285 | 1059 <P>Da VIDIX direkten Zugriff auf die Hardware benötigt, musst du MPlayer |
1060 entweder als root starten oder der Programmdatei das SUID-Bit setzen | |
1061 (<B>WARNUNG: Das ist ein Sicherheitsrisiko!</B>). Alternativ kannst du auch | |
1062 spezielle Kernelmodule benutzen:</P> | |
1063 | |
1064 <OL> | |
1065 <LI>Lade dir die | |
1066 <A HREF="http://www.arava.co.il/matan/svgalib/">Entwicklerversion</A> | |
9313 | 1067 der svgalib herunter (z.B. 1.9.17), |
1068 <B>ODER</B> lade dir eine von Alex speziell für die Benutzung mit | |
9285 | 1069 MPlayer modifizierte Version herunter (die nicht die svgalib-Sourcen |
1070 zum Compilieren benötigt): | |
1071 <A HREF="http://www.mplayerhq.hu/~alex/svgalib_helper-1.9.17-mplayer.tar.bz2"> | |
1072 svgalib_helper-1.9.17-mplayer.tar.bz2</A>. | |
1073 <LI>Compiliere das Modul im <CODE>svgalib_helper</CODE>-Verzeichnis | |
1074 (das im <CODE>svgalib-1.9.17/kernel/</CODE>-Verzeichnis gefunden werden | |
1075 kann, wenn du die Sourcen von der svgalib-Seite heruntergeladen hast) und | |
1076 lade es mit insmod.</LI> | |
1077 <LI>Verschiebe das <CODE>svgalib_helper</CODE>-Verzeichnis nach | |
1078 <CODE>mplayer/main/libdha/svgalib_helper</CODE>.</LI> | |
1079 <LI>Wenn du die Sourcen von der svgalib-Seite heruntergeladen hast, dann musst | |
1080 du den Kommentar vor der CFLAGS-Zeile entfernen, die "svgalib_helper" | |
1081 enthält, und die sich in <CODE>libdha/Makefile</CODE> befindet.</LI> | |
1082 <LI>Compiliere und installiere libdha.</LI> | |
1083 </OL> | |
1084 | |
1085 <H4><A NAME="vidix_ati">2.3.1.2.12.1 ATI-Karten</A></H4> | |
1086 | |
1087 <P>Momentan werden die meisten ATI-Karten unterstützt, von der Mach64 | |
1088 bis hin zur neuesten Radeon.</P> | |
1089 | |
1090 <P>Es gibt zwei compilierte Binaries: <CODE>radeon_vid</CODE> für Radeons | |
1091 und <CODE>rage128_vid</CODE> für Rage128-Karten. Du kannst entweder eine | |
1092 der beiden erzwingen oder das VIDIX-System automatisch alle verfügbaren | |
1093 Treiber ausprobieren lassen.</P> | |
1094 | |
1095 | |
1096 <H4><A NAME="vidix_matrox">2.3.1.2.12.2 Matrox-Karten</A></H4> | |
1097 | |
1098 <P>Matrox G200,G400,G450 und G550 funktionieren.</P> | |
1099 | |
1100 <P>Der Treiber unterstützt Videoequalizer und sollte fast genauso schnell | |
1101 wie der <A HREF="#mga_vid">Matrox-Framebuffer</A> sein.</P> | |
1102 | |
1103 | |
1104 <H4><A NAME="vidix_trident">2.3.1.12.3 Trident-Karten</A></H4> | |
1105 | |
1106 <P>Es gibt einen Treiber für den Trident Cyberblade/i1-Chipsatz, der auf | |
1107 VIA Epia-Mainboards eingesetzt wird.</P> | |
1108 | |
1109 <P>Der Treiber wurde von Alastair M. Robinson geschrieben und weiterentwickelt, | |
1110 welcher auch die neuesten Treiberversionen auf seiner | |
1111 <A HREF="http://www.blackfiveservices.co.uk/EPIAVidix.shtml">Homepage</A> zum | |
1112 Download anbietet. Dieer Treiber wird bei MPlayer immer sehr schnell nach | |
1113 Updates implementiert, sodass die CVS-Version von MPlayer immer auf dem | |
1114 aktuellen Stand sein sollte.</P> | |
1115 | |
1116 | |
1117 <H4><A NAME="vidix_3dlabs">2.3.1.2.12.4 3DLabs-Karten</A></H4> | |
1118 | |
1119 <P>Auch wenn es einen Treiber für 3DLabs GLINT R3-Chips und Permedia3-Chips | |
1120 gibt, so hat noch niemand diese getestet. Feedback wird deswegen gern gesehen. | |
1121 </P> | |
1122 | |
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1123 |
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1124 <H4><A NAME="directfb">2.3.1.2.13 DirectFB</A></H4> |
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1125 |
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1126 <P><I>"DirectFB ist eine Grafikbibliothek, deren Zielplattform eingebettete |
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1127 Systeme sind. Sie bietet maximale Hardwarebeschleunigung bei minimalem |
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1128 Ressourcenverbrauch und minimalem Overhead."</I> - Zitat von <A |
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1129 HREF="http://www.directfb.org">http://www.directfb.org</A>.</P> |
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1130 |
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1131 <P>Ich lasse die DirectFB-Features in dieser Sektion weg.</P> |
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1132 |
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1133 <P>Obwohl MPlayer nicht als "Videoprovider" bei DirectFB |
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1134 unterstützt wird, bietet dieser Treiber Videowiedergabe mittels |
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1135 DirectFB. Die Wiedergabe ist - natürlich - hardwarebeschleunigt. Bei |
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1136 meiner Matrox G400 war der DirectFB genauso schnell wie XVideo.</P> |
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1137 |
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1138 <P>Versuche, immer die neueste Version von DirectFB zu verwenden. Du kannst |
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1139 DirectFB-Optionen mit der <CODE>-dfbopts</CODE>-Option auf der Kommandozeile |
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1140 angeben. Layer-Auswahl erfolgt durch Angabe als Teilargument, z.B. mit |
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1141 <CODE>-vo directfb:2</CODE> (Layer -1 ist der Standardwert: automatische |
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1142 Layerauswahl). </P> |
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1143 |
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1144 |
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1145 <H4><A NAME="dfbmga">2.3.1.2.14 DirectFB/Matrox (dfbmga)</A></H4> |
1895 | 1146 |
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1147 <P>Bitte lies die <A HREF="#directfb">DirectFB-Sektion</A> für generelle |
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1148 Informationen über DiretcFB.</P> |
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1149 |
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1150 <P>Dieser Videoausgabetreiber wird auf einer Matrox G400 den CRTC2 (des |
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1151 zweiten Ausgangs) aktivieren und damit das Video <B>unabhängig</B> vom |
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1152 primären Ausgang anzeigen.</P> |
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1153 |
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1154 <P>Anweisungen, um das zum Laufen zu bringen, stehen in der <A |
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1155 HREF="../tech/directfb.txt">Techniksektion</A> oder direkt auf der <A |
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1156 HREF="http://www.sci.fi/~syrjala/directfb/readme.txt">Homepage von |
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1157 Ville Syrjala's</A>.</P> |
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1158 |
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1159 <P>Anmerkung: Uns ist es nicht gelungen, das zum Laufen zu bringen, aber |
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1160 anderen schon. Wie auch immer, eine Portierung des CRTC2-Codes für |
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1161 <B>mga_vid</B> ist bereits in Arbeit.</P> |
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1162 |
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1163 |
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1164 <H4><A NAME="mpegdec">2.3.1.3 MPEG-Dekoderkarten</A></H4> |
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1165 |
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1166 <H4><A NAME="dvb">2.3.1.3.1 DVB</A></H4> |
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1167 |
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1168 <P>MPlayer unterstützt Karten mit dem Siemens-DVB-Chipsatz von |
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1169 Herstellern wie Siemens, Technotrend, Galaxis oder Hauppauge. Die neuesten |
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1170 DVB-Treiber gibt's auf der <A HREF="http://www.linuxtv.org">Linux TV- |
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1171 Seite</A>. Wenn du in Transcodierung in Software machen willst, dann brauchst |
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1172 du eine CPU mit mindestens 1GHz.</P> |
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1173 |
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1174 <P><CODE>configure</CODE> sollte automatisch deine DVB-Karte erkennen. Wenn |
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1175 es das nicht tut, dann erzwinge DVB-Unterstützung mit</P> |
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1176 |
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1177 <PRE> |
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1178 ./configure --enable-dvb |
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1179 </PRE> |
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1180 |
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1181 <P>Wenn die ost-Headerdateien nicht an ihrem normalen Platz liegen, dann gib |
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1182 explizit den Pfad zu ihnen an:</P> |
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1183 |
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1184 <PRE> |
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1185 ./configure --with-extraincdir=<DVB-Quellenverzeichnis>/ost/include |
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1186 </PRE> |
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1187 |
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1188 <P>Dann compiliere und installiere wie sonst auch.</P> |
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1189 |
9313 | 1190 |
1191 <H4>BEDIENUNG</H4> | |
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1192 |
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1193 <P>Hardwaredecodierung (Abspielen von Standard-MPEG1/2-Dateien) geschieht mit |
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1194 diesem Kommando:</P> |
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1195 |
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1196 <PRE> |
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1197 mplayer -ao mpegpes -vo mpegpes file.mpg|vob |
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1198 </PRE> |
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1199 |
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1200 <P>Softwaredecodierung oder die Transcodierung verschiedener Formate nach |
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1201 MPEG1 klappt so:</P> |
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1202 |
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1203 <PRE> |
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1204 mplayer -ao mpegpes -vo mpegpes -vf lavc deinedatei.ext |
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1205 mplayer -ao mpegpes -vo mpegpes -vf expand,fame deinedatei.ext |
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1206 </PRE> |
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1207 |
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1208 <P>Beachte, dass DVB-Karten nur bestimmte Bildhöhen unterstützen: |
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1209 288 und 576 für PAL und 240 und 480 für NTSC. Du <B>musst</B> das |
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1210 Bild vorher skalieren, wenn die Höhe nicht einer der oben erwähnten |
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1211 entspricht: <CODE>-vf scale=width:height</CODE>. DVB-Karten |
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1212 unterstützen eine Vielzahl von horizontalen Auflösungen wie z.B. |
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1213 720, 704, 640, 512, 480, 352 etc. Sie skalieren horizontal selber in |
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1214 Hardware, sodass du meistens nicht in horizontaler Richtung skalieren musst. |
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1215 Bei einem 512x384-DivX kannst du folgendes probieren:</P> |
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1216 |
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1217 <PRE> |
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1218 mplayer -ao mpegpes -vo mpegpes -vf scale=512:576,lavc |
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1219 </PRE> |
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1220 |
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1221 <P>Wenn du einen Widescreen-Film hast und du ihn nicht auf die volle |
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1222 Höhe skalieren möchtest, dann kannst du den |
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1223 <CODE>expand=w:h</CODE>-Filter benutzen, um schwarze Balken |
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1224 hinzuzufügen. Um ein 640x384-DivX anzuschauen:</P> |
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|
1225 |
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1226 <PRE> |
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1227 mplayer -ao mpegpes -vo mpegpes -vf expand=640:576,fame file.avi |
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1228 </PRE> |
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1229 |
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1230 <P>Wenn deine CPU für 720x576-DivX zu langsam ist, dann skalier |
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1231 herunter:</P> |
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|
1232 |
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|
1233 <PRE> |
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1234 mplayer -ao mpegpes -vo mpegpes -vf scale=352:576,lavc file.avi |
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1235 </PRE> |
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|
1236 |
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1237 <P>Wenn sich die Geschwindigkeit nicht verbessert, dann skalier auch in |
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|
1238 vertikaler Richtung:</P> |
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|
1239 |
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|
1240 <PRE> |
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1241 mplayer -ao mpegpes -vo mpegpes -vf scale=352:288,lavc file.avi |
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1242 </PRE> |
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1243 |
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1244 <P>Für ein OSD und Untertitel kannst du das OSD-Feature des expand- |
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1245 Filters benutzen. Anstelle von <CODE>expand=w:h</CODE> oder |
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1246 <CODE>expand=w:h:x:y</CODE> benutzt du dafür |
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1247 <CODE>expand=w:h:x:y:1</CODE> (der fünfte Parameter <CODE>:1</CODE> |
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1248 schaltet die OSD-Anzeige an). Eventuell willst du das Bild ein wenig nach |
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1249 oben schieben, um unten mehr Platz für die Untertitel zu haben. |
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1250 Vielleicht willst du auch die Untertitel hochschieben, wenn sie ansonsten |
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1251 außerhalb des Sichtbereiches des Fernsehers liegen. Das kannst du mit |
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1252 <CODE>-subpos <0-100></CODE> erreichen, wobei <CODE>-subpos 80</CODE> |
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1253 meistens eine gute Wahl darstellt.</P> |
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|
1254 |
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1255 <P>Um Filme mit weniger/mehr als 25 Bildern pro Sekunde auf einem PAL- |
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1256 Fernseher abzuspielen, oder wenn du eine langsame CPU hast, verwende die |
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1257 Option <CODE>-framedrop</CODE>.</P> |
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|
1258 |
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1259 <P>Um das Höhen-/Breitenverhältnis des DivX beizubehalten und |
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1260 trotzdem die optimalen Skalierungsparameter zu verweden (Hardwareskalierung |
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1261 in horizontaler Richtung und Softwareskalierung in vertikaler Richtung unter |
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1262 Beibehaltung des richtigen Höhen-/Breitenverhältnisses), benutze |
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1263 den neuen dvbscale-Filter:</P> |
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1264 |
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1265 <PRE> |
10112 | 1266 für 4:3 TV: -vf dvbscale,scale=-1:0,expand=-1:576:-1:-1:1,lavc |
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1267 für 16:9 TV: -vf dvbscale=1024,scale=-1:0,expand=-1:576:-1:-1:1,lavc |
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1268 </PRE> |
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1269 |
9313 | 1270 |
1271 <H4>AUSBLICK</H4> | |
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1272 |
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1273 <P>Wenn du Fragen hast oder an der Diskussion über zukünfitge |
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1274 Features teilnehen willst, dann melde dich an unserer <A |
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1275 HREF="http://mplayerhq.hu/mailman/listinfo/mplayer-dvb">MPlayer-DVB</A> |
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1276 Mailingliste an. Denk bitte daran, dass dort Englisch gesprochen wird.</P> |
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|
1277 |
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1278 <P>Für die Zukunft kannst du mit der Möglichkeit, das OSD und die |
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1279 Untertitel mit den eingebauten Funktionen der DVB-Karten anzuzeigen, mit |
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1280 flüssigerer Wiedergabe von Filmen mit weniger/mehr als 25 Bildern pro |
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|
1281 Sekunde und mit Echtzeittranscodierung zwischen MPEG2 und MPEG4 (partielle |
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1282 Decompression) rechnen.</P> |
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|
1283 |
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|
1284 |
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|
1285 <H4><A NAME="dxr2">2.3.1.3.2 DXR2</A></H4> |
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1286 |
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1287 <P>TODO: Bitte schreib hier jemand ein paar Informationen rein.</P> |
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1288 |
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1289 |
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1290 <H4><A NAME="dxr3">2.3.1.3.3 DXR3/Hollywood+</A></H4> |
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1291 |
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1292 <P>MPlayer unterstützt die hardwarebeschleunigte Wiedergabe mit |
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1293 den Karten Creative DXR3 und Sigma Designs Hollywood Plus. Beide Karten |
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1294 basieren auf dem em8300-MPEG-Decoderchip von Sigma Designs.</P> |
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1295 |
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1296 <P>Als erstes brauchst du korrekt installierte DXR3/H+-Treiber, Version |
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1297 0.12.0 oder neuer. Diese Treiber und weitere Installationsanweisungen findest |
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1298 du auf der Seite <A HREF="http://dxr3.sourceforge.net/">DXR3 & Hollywood |
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1299 Plus for Linux</A>. <CODE>configure</CODE> sollte die Karte automatisch |
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1300 finden. Die Compilierung sollte auch problemlos funktionieren.</P> |
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1301 |
9313 | 1302 |
1303 <H4>BEDIENUNG</H4> | |
1304 | |
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1305 <DL> |
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1306 <DT><CODE>-vo dxr3:prebuf:sync:norm=x:<device></CODE></DT> |
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1307 |
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1308 <DD><CODE>overlay</CODE> aktiviert das Overlay anstelle des TV-Ausgangs. |
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1309 Dafür brauchst du ein korrekt konfiguriertes Overlaysetup. Am |
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1310 einfachsten konfigurierst du das Overlay mit dem Tool |
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1311 <CODE>autocal</CODE>. Danach starte MPlayer mit dxr3-Ausgabe und |
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1312 ohne Overlay anzuschalten. Starte <CODE>dxr3view</CODE>. Mit dxr3view |
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1313 kannst du die Overlayeinstellungen verändern und siehst die |
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1314 Auswirkungen sofort. Eventuell wird dieses Feature irgendwann vom |
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1315 MPlayer-GUI unterstützt. Wenn du das Overlay richtig |
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1316 eingestellt hast, dann brauchst du dxr3view nicht mehr laufen zu |
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1317 lassen.<BR> |
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1318 |
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1319 <CODE>prebuf</CODE> schaltet Prebuffering ein. Das ist ein Feature des |
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1320 em8300-Chips, das es ihm ermöglicht, mehr als nur ein Bild |
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1321 gleichzeitig zu speichern. Das bedeutet, dass MPlayer in diesem |
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1322 Modus versucht, den Puffer ständig mit Daten gefüllt zu halten. |
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1323 Wenn du einen langsamen Rechner hast, dann wird MPlayer |
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1324 wahrscheinlich die meiste Zeit über knapp oder genau 100% der CPU- |
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1325 Zeit belegen. Das ist vor allem dann der Fall, wenn du echte MPEG-Streams |
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1326 (z.B. DVDs, SVCDs etc) abspielst, da MPlayer nicht nach MPEG |
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1327 encodieren muss und den Puffer sehr schnell wird füllen |
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1328 können.<BR> |
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1329 |
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1330 Mit Prebuffering ist die Videowiedergabe <B>viel</B> weniger |
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1331 gegenüber anderen CPU-intensiven Programmen anfällig. Frames |
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1332 werden nur dann verworfen, wenn eine andere Applikation für eine |
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1333 sehr lange Zeit die CPU belegt.<BR> |
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1334 |
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1335 Wenn kein Prebuffering verwendet wird, dann ist der em8300 viel |
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1336 anfälliger gegenüber CPU-Last. Somit wird dringend empfohlen, |
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1337 MPlayers <CODE>-framedrop</CODE>-Option zu verwenden, um die A/V- |
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1338 Sync zu erhalten.<RB> |
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1339 |
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1340 <CODE>sync</CODE> aktiviert die neue sync-Methode. Dieses Feature ist |
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1341 momentan noch experimentell. Bei dieser Methode beobachtet MPlayer |
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1342 ständig die interne Uhr des em8300-Chips. Weicht diese von |
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1343 MPlayers Uhr ab, so wird die des em8300-Chips zurückgesetzt, |
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1344 sodass dieser alle Frames verwirft, die hinterherhängen.<BR> |
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1345 |
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1346 <CODE>norm=x</CODE> setzt den TV-Standard der DXR3-Karte, ohne dafür |
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1347 externe Programme wie <CODE>em8300setup</CODE> zu benötigen. |
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1348 Gültige Werte sind 5 = NTSC, 4 = PAL-60, 3 = PAL. Spezielle Standards |
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1349 sind 2 (automatische Erkennung mit PAL/PAL-60) und 1 (automatische |
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1350 Erkennung für PAL/NTSC), da sie den Standard in Abhängigkeit |
9285 | 1351 der FPS des Films setzen. norm = 0 (Standard) ändert |
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1352 den momentan eingestellten TV-Standard nicht.<BR> |
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1353 |
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1354 <CODE><device></CODE> = Gerätenummer wählt die zu |
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1355 verwendene em8300-Karte, falls du mehrere davon hast.<BR> |
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1356 |
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1357 Jede dieser Optionen kann auch weggelassen werden.<BR> |
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1358 |
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1359 <CODE>:prebuf:sync</CODE> scheint sehr gut zu funktionieren, wenn du DivX |
9285 | 1360 abspielst. Es gab Berichte von Leuten, die Probleme mit <CODE>prebuf</CODE> |
1361 bei der Wiedergabe von MPEG1/2-Dateien hatten. Du | |
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1362 solltest es also zuerst ohne Optionen probieren. Wenn du Sync-Probleme |
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1363 hast, dann probier <CODE>:sync</CODE> aus.</DD> |
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1364 |
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1365 <DT><CODE>-ao oss:/dev/em8300_ma-X</CODE></DT> |
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1366 <DD>Audioausgabe, wobei <CODE>X</CODE> die Gerätenummer ist |
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1367 (0 bei nur einer Karte).</DD> |
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|
1368 |
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1369 <DT><CODE>-aop list=resample:fout=xxxxx</CODE></DT> |
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1370 <DD>Der em8300 kann keine Sampleraten niedriger als 44100Hz abspielen. |
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1371 Wenn die Samplerate weniger als 44100Hz beträgt, dann wähle |
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1372 44100Hz oder 48000Hz, je nachdem, welche davon besser passt. Beispiel: |
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1373 Wenn der Film 22050Hz benutzt, dann wähle 44100Hz, da 44100 / 2 = |
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1374 22050 ist. Bei 24000Hz nimmst du 48000Hz etc. Das funktioniert nicht mit |
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1375 der digitalen Audioausgabe (<CODE>-ac hwac3</CODE>).</DD> |
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1376 |
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1377 <DT><CODE>-vf lavc/fame</CODE></DT> |
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1378 <DD>Wenn du nicht-MPEG-Filme mit dem em8300 ansehen möchtest (z.B. |
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1379 DivX oder RealVideo), dann musst du einen MPEG1-Videofilter wie lavcodec |
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1380 (lavc) oder libfame (fame) verwenden. Momentan ist lavc sowohl schneller |
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1381 als auch qualitativ besser, sodass die Empfehlung lavc lautet. Schau in |
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1382 der Manpage nach. Dort stehen weitere Informationen zu <CODE>-vf |
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1383 lavc/fame</CODE>.<BR> |
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1384 Die Benutzung von lavc wird empfohlen. Momentan gibt es keine |
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1385 Möglichkeit, die Anzahl der Bilder pro Sekunde des em8300 zu setzen, |
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1386 was bedeutet, dass sie fest bei 29.97 liegt. Aus diesem Grund solltest du |
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1387 <CODE>-vf lavc=<quality>:25</CODE> verwenden, besonders dann, wenn |
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1388 du auch Prebuffering verwendest. Warum aber 25 und nicht 29.97? Tja, die |
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1389 Sache ist, dass das Bild bei 29.97 unruhig wird. Wir wissen leider nicht, |
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1390 warum das so ist. Wenn du Werte zwischen 25 und 27 benutzt, dann wird das |
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1391 Bild stabil. Momentan können wir das nur als gegeben hinnehmen.</DD> |
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1392 |
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1393 <DT><CODE>-vf expand=-1:-1:-1:-1:1,lavc</CODE></DT> |
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1394 <DD>Obwohl der DXR3-Treiber ein OSD über das MPEG1-/2-/4-Video |
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1395 projezieren kann, ist es qualitativ deutlich schlechter als |
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1396 MPlayers traditionelles OSD, und es hat diverse Probleme mit der |
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1397 Erneuerung der Anzeige. Das oben angegebene Kommando konvertiert das |
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1398 Video erst nach MPEG4 (das ist leider erforderlich) und wendet dann den |
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1399 expand-Filter an, der zwar das Bild nicht vergrößert (-1: = |
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1400 Standardwerte) aber dafür das normale OSD auf das Bild stanzt (die |
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1401 "1" am Ende).</DD> |
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1402 |
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1403 |
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1404 <DT><CODE>-ac hwac3</CODE></DT> |
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1405 <DD>Der em8300 unterstützt die Audiowiedergabe von AC3-Streams |
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1406 (Surroundsound) über den digitalen Ausgang der Karte. Schau oben bei |
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1407 der <CODE>-ao oss</CODE>-Option nach. Sie muss angegeben werden, um den |
9285 | 1408 DXR3-Ausgang anstelle der Soundkarte anzugeben. </DD> |
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1409 </DL> |
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1410 |
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1411 |
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1412 <H4><A NAME="other">2.3.1.4 Andere Anzeigehardware</A></H4> |
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1413 |
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1414 <H4><A NAME="zr">2.3.1.4.1 Zr</A></H4> |
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1415 |
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1416 <P>Dieser Treiber ist ein Anzeigetreiber (<CODE>-vo zr</CODE>), der |
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1417 verschiedeene MJPEG-Aufnahme-/-Wiedergabekarten unterstützt. Getestet |
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1418 wurde er mit DC10+ und Buz, und er sollte auch mit der LML33 und der |
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1419 Original-DC10 funktionieren. Dieser Treiber encodiert jedes Bild nach JPEG |
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1420 und schickt es dann an die Karte. Für die Encodierung wird |
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1421 <B>libavcodec</B> benutzt und dementsprechend auch benötigt. Mit dem |
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1422 speziellen <I>cinemara</I>-Modus kannst du Filme auch tatsächlich im |
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1423 Breitbildformat anschauen, wenn du zwei Beamer und zwei MJPEG-Karten hast. |
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1424 Abhängig von der Qualität und Auflösung braucht dieser Treiber |
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1425 eine Menge CPU-Power. Benutz also besser die <CODE>-framedrop</CODE>-Option, |
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1426 wenn deine Maschine zu langsam ist. Anmerkung: Mein AMD K6-2 350MHz ist |
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1427 durchaus in der Lage, Filme in VCD-Größe mit <CODE>- |
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1428 framedrop</CODE> wiederzugeben.</P> |
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1429 |
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1430 <P>Dieser Treiber benutzt den Kerneltreiber, den du unter <A |
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1431 HREF="http://mjpeg.sourceforge.net">http://mjpeg.sourceforge.net</A> |
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1432 herunterladen kannst. Dieser muss also vorher schon funktionieren. |
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1433 <CODE>configure</CODE> erkennt automatisch vorhandene MJPEG-Karten. Wenn |
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1434 nicht, dann erzwinge zr mit</P> |
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1435 |
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1436 <PRE> |
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1437 ./configure --enable-zr |
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1438 </PRE> |
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1439 |
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1440 <P>Die Ausgabe kann mit diversen Optionen gesteuert werden. Eine |
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1441 vollständige Liste findest du in der Manpage. Eine kurze Auflistung gibt |
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1442 dir auch</P> |
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1443 |
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1444 <PRE> |
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1445 mplayer -zrhelp |
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1446 </PRE> |
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1447 |
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1448 <P>Sachen wie das OSD und Skalierung werden nicht von diesem Treiber |
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1449 erledigt, aber sie können natürlich durch Filter realisiert werden. |
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1450 Beispiel: Angenommen, du hast einen Film mit einer Auflösung von |
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1451 <CODE>512x272</CODE>, und du möchtest ihn im Vollbild auf deiner DC10+ |
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1452 anschauen. Du hast dann drei Möglichkeiten: den Film auf eine Breite von |
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1453 <CODE>768</CODE>, <CODE>384</CODE> oder <CODE>192</CODE> zu skalieren. Aus |
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1454 Geschwindigkeits- und Qualitätsgründen würde ich empfehlen, |
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1455 den Film auf <CODE>384x204</CODE> mit dem bilinearen Algorithmus zu |
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1456 skalieren. Die Kommandozeile sieht dazu wie folgt aus:</P> |
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1457 |
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1458 <PRE> |
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1459 mplayer -vo zr -sws 0 -vf scale=384:204 movie.avi |
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1460 </PRE> |
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1461 |
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1462 <P>Das Beschneiden des Bildes kann mit dem <CODE>crop</CODE>-Filter geschehen |
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1463 oder vom Treiber selber vorgenommen werden. Angenommen, der Film ist zu breit |
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1464 für die Anzeige deiner Buz, und du möchtest <CODE>-zrcrop</CODE> |
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1465 benutzen, um den Film schmaler zu machen. Dann benutzt du folgendes |
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1466 Kommando:</P> |
5185 | 1467 |
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1468 <PRE> |
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1469 mplayer -vo zr -zrcrop 720x320+80+0 benhur.avi |
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1470 </PRE> |
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1471 |
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1472 <P>Mit dem <CODE>crop</CODE>-Filter sieht es so aus:</P> |
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1473 |
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1474 <PRE> |
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1475 mplayer -vo zr -vf crop=720:320:80:0 benhur.avi |
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1476 </PRE> |
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1477 |
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1478 <P>Mehrfache Verwendung von <CODE>-zrcrop</CODE> aktiviert den |
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1479 <I>cinerama</I>-Modus. Das heißt, du kannst das Bild über mehrere |
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1480 Fernseher oder Beamer verteilen, um eine größere |
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1481 Anzeigefläche zu erreichen. Angenommen, du hast zwei Beamer. Der linke |
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1482 hängt an deiner Buz an <CODE>/dev/video1</CODE>, und der rechte |
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1483 hängt an deiner DC10+ an <CODE>/dev/video0</CODE>. Der Film hat eine |
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1484 Auflösung von <CODE>704x288</CODE>. Nehmen wir weiter an, dass du den |
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1485 rechten Beamer schwarz/weiß betreiben möchtest, und dass du auf |
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1486 dem linken Beamer Bilder mit der Qualitätsstufe <CODE>10</CODE> haben |
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1487 möchtest. Dann benutzt du dafür das folgende Kommando:</P> |
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1488 |
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1489 <PRE> |
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1490 mplayer -vo zr -zrdev /dev/video0 -zrcrop 352x288+352+0 -zrxdoff 0 -zrbw \ |
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1491 -zrcrop 352x288+0+0 -zrdev /dev/video1 -zrquality 10 movie.avi |
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1492 </PRE> |
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"I finished the rest of the german documentation and fixed
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1493 |
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1494 <P>Wie du siehst gelten die Optionen vor dem zweiten <CODE>-zrcrop</CODE> nur |
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1495 für die DC10+ und die Optionen nach dem zweiten <CODE>-zrcrop</CODE> nur |
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1496 für die Buz. Die maximale Anzahl an MJPEG-Karten, die am |
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1497 <I>cinerama</I>-Modus teilnehmen, liegt bei vier, sodass du dir eine |
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1498 <CODE>2x2</CODE>-Videowand basteln kannst.</P> |
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1499 |
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1500 <P>Zuletzt ein wirklich wichtiger Hinweis: Starte oder beende auf keinen Fall |
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1501 XawTV während der Wiedergabe, da das deinen Computer zum Absturz bringen |
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1502 wird. Du kannst aber problemlos <B>ZUERST</B> XawTV, <B>DANN</B> MPlayer |
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1503 starten, warten, bis MPlayer fertig ist und <B>ZULETZT</B> XawTV |
8833
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1504 beenden.</P> |
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1505 |
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1506 <H4><A NAME="blinken">2.3.1.4.2 Blinkenlights</A></H4> |
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1507 |
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1508 <P>Dieser Trieber kann Video mit dem Blinkenlights UDP-Protokoll wiedergeben. |
9285 | 1509 Wenn du nicht weißt, was <A HREF="http://www.blinkenlights.de/"> |
1510 Blinkenlights</A> ist, dann brauchst du diesen Treiber auch nicht.</P> | |
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1511 |
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1512 |
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1513 <H4><A NAME="tv-out">2.3.1.5 Unterstützung für die TV- |
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1514 Ausgabe</A></H4> |
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1515 |
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1516 |
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1517 <H4><A NAME="tv-out_matrox">2.3.1.5.1 Matrox G400-Karten</A></H4> |
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1518 |
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1519 <P>Unter Linux hast du zwei Möglichkeiten, den TV-Ausgang deiner |
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1520 G400 anzuschalten:</P> |
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1521 |
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1522 <P><B>WICHTIG:</B> Anweisungen für die Matrox G450/G550 und deren |
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1523 TV-Ausgänge findest du in der nächsten Sektion!</P> |
1895 | 1524 |
5185 | 1525 <UL> |
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1526 <LI><B>XFree86</B>: mit dem alten Treiber und dem HAL-Modul, welches es |
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1527 auf der <A HREF="http://www.matrox.com">Matrox-Seite</A> gibt. Damit |
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1528 bekommst du X auf dem Fernseher, aber <B>keine Hardwarebeschleunigung</B> |
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1529 wie unter Windows! Der zweite Ausgang besitzt nur einen YUV-Framebuffer. |
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1530 Der <I>BES</I> (BackEnd Scaler, die YUV-Skalierungseinheit des |
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1531 G200/G400/G450/G550) funktioniert mit ihm nicht! Der Windows-Treiber |
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1532 umgeht das irgendwie, wahrscheinlich dadurch, dass er die 3D-Engine |
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1533 für die Skalierung und den YUV-Framebuffer zur Anzeige des |
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1534 skalierten Bildes verwendet. Wenn du unbedingt X benutzen willst, dann |
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1535 probier <CODE>-vo x11 -fs -zoom</CODE>, aber das wird <B>LANGSAM</B> sein |
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1536 und den <B>Macrovision</B>-Kopierschutz aktiviert haben. (Du kannst |
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1537 Macrovision mit <A |
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1538 HREF="http://avifile.sourceforge.net/mgamacro.pl">diesem Perlscript</A> |
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1539 umgehen.)</LI> |
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1540 |
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1541 <LI><B>Framebuffer</B>: Mit den <B>matroxfb-Modulen</B> in den 2.4er |
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1542 Kerneln. 2.2er Kernel kennen den TV-Ausgang noch nicht und sind somit |
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1543 hierfür nicht geeignet. Du musst ALLE matroxfb-spezifischen Features |
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1544 bei der Compilierung anschalten (bis auf MultiHead). Compiliere sie als |
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1545 <B>Module</B>! Du musst ebenfalls I2C anschalten. |
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1546 |
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1547 <OL> |
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1548 <LI> |
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1549 Gehe nach <CODE>TVout/matroxset</CODE> und gib <CODE>make</CODE>. |
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1550 ein. Installiere <CODE>matroxset</CODE> in ein Verzeichnis, das |
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1551 in deinem PATH liegt.</LI> |
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1552 <LI> |
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1553 Wenn du <CODE>fbset</CODE> nicht installiert hast, dann gehe nach |
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1554 <CODE>TVout/fbset</CODE> und gib <CODE>make</CODE> ein. Installiere |
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1555 <CODE>fbset</CODE> in ein Verzeichnis, das in deinem PATH liegt.</LI> |
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1556 <LI> |
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1557 Geh jetzt in das Verzeichnis <CODE>TVout/</CODE> in den |
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1558 MPlayer-Quellen und führe dort <CODE>./modules</CODE> als |
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1559 root aus. Deine Textmodusconsole wird danach in den Framebuffermodus |
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1560 umschalten, aus dem es keinen Weg zurück gibt!</LI> |
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1561 <LI>Editiere als nächstes das Script <CODE>./matroxtv</CODE>. |
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1562 Es ird dir ein simples Menü präsentieren. Drücke |
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1563 <B>2</B> gefolgt von <B>ENTER</B>. Jetzt solltest du auf dem Fernseher |
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1564 das gleiche Bild wie auf dem Monitor sehen. Wenn das TV-Bild (PAL ist |
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1565 die Standardeinstellung) merkwürdige Streifen enthält, dann |
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1566 war das Script nicht in der Lage, die Auflösung richtig zu |
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1567 setzen (standardmäßig 640x512). Probier andere im Menü |
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1568 angebotene Auflösungen aus und/oder experimentier mit fbset.</LI> |
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1569 </OL> |
1895 | 1570 |
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1571 <P>So. Die nächste Aufgabe ist es, den Cursor auf tty1 (oder |
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1572 woauchimmer) verschwinden zu lassen, und den Bildschirmschoner |
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1573 auszuschalten. Führ folgende Kommandos aus:</P> |
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1574 |
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1575 <P><CODE>echo -e '\033[?25l'</CODE> oder <CODE>setterm -cursor off<BR> |
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1576 setterm -blank 0</CODE></P> |
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|
1577 |
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1578 <P>Wahrscheinlich möchtest du das in ein Script packen und dabei |
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1579 gleich den Bildschirm löschen. Um den Cursor wieder |
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1580 anzuschalten:<BR> |
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1581 <CODE>echo -e '\033[?25h'</CODE> oder <CODE>setterm -cursor on</CODE></P> |
1895 | 1582 |
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1583 <P>Yeah, cool! Starte die Wiedergabe mit <CODE>mplayer -vo mga -fs - |
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1584 screenw 640 -screenh 512 <Dateiname></CODE><BR> |
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|
1585 |
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1586 (Wenn du X benutzt, dann wechsel jetzt auf den matroxfb mit z.B. CTRL- |
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|
1587 ALT-F1!)<BR> |
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|
1588 |
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1589 Ändere die 640x512, wenn du eine andere Auflösung |
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|
1590 verwendest.<BR> |
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|
1591 |
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1592 <B>Genieß die ultra-schnelle und featurereiche Wiedergabe |
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1593 mit dem Matrox-TV-Ausgang (sogar noch besser als Xv)!</B></P> |
4617
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1594 </LI> |
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1595 </UL> |
1895 | 1596 |
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1597 <H4>Matrox-TV-Ausgangskabel zum Selberbau</H4> |
1895 | 1598 |
9285 | 1599 <P>Niemand übernimmt Verantwortung für irgendetwas oder jegliche |
8833
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1600 Schäden, die durch diese Dokumentation entstehen.</P> |
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1601 |
9285 | 1602 <P><B>Kabel für die G400</B>: Der vierte Pin des CRTC2-Steckers liefert |
1603 das Composite Video-Signal. Erde liegt am sechsten, siebten und achten Pin. | |
1604 (Informationen von Balázs Rácz)</P> | |
1605 | |
1606 <P><B>Kabel für die G450</B>: Der erste Pin des CRTC2-Steckers liefert | |
1607 das Composite Video-Signal. Erde liegt am fünften, sechsten, siebten und | |
1608 fünfzehnten (5, 6, 7, 15) Pin. (Information von Balázs Kerekes)</P> | |
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1609 |
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1610 <H4><A NAME="tv-out_matrox_g450">2.3.1.5.2 Matrox G450/G550-Karten</A></H4> |
2215 | 1611 |
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1612 <P>Unterstützung für den TV-Ausgang dieser Karten wurde erst |
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1613 kürzlich implementiert und ist noch nicht in den Standardkerneln |
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1614 enthalten. Momentan kann das <B>mga_vid</B>-Modul nicht benutzt werden, wenn |
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1615 ich recht informiert bin, da der G450/G550-Treiber nur in einer Konfiguration |
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1616 arbeitet: Der erste CRTC-Chip (mit den vielen Features) am ersten Display |
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1617 (meistens der Monitor), und der zweite CRTC (kein <B>BES</B> - |
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1618 Erläuterungen zum BES gibt's in der G400-Sektion oben) am Fernseher. |
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1619 Somit kannst du momentan nur den <I>fbdev</I>-Treiber benutzen.</P> |
7079 | 1620 |
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1621 <P>Der erste CRTC kann momentan nicht an den zweiten Ausgang umgeleitet |
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1622 werden. Der Author des matroxfb-Kernelmoduls, Petr Vandrovec, wird auch das |
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1623 irgendwann unterstützen, indem die Ausgabe des ersten CRTC auf beiden |
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1624 Ausgängen angezeigt wird, wie es momentan auch für die G400 |
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1625 empfohlen wird (siehe oben).</P> |
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1626 |
9842 | 1627 <P>Der dafür benötigte Kernelpatch und eine detaillierte Anleitung |
1628 kann auf <A HREF="http://www.bglug.ca/matrox_tvout/"> | |
1629 http://www.bglug.ca/matrox_tvout/</A> gefunden werden.</P> | |
2215 | 1630 |
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1631 <H4><A NAME="tv-out_ati">2.3.1.5.3 ATI-Karten</A></H4> |
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1632 |
9313 | 1633 |
1634 <H4>VORWORT</H4> | |
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1635 |
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1636 <P>Momentan möchte ATI keinen einzigen ihrer TV-Ausgabe-Chips unter |
9842 | 1637 Linux unterstützen, da sie die Macrovision-Technologie lizensiert |
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1638 haben.</P> |
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1639 |
9313 | 1640 |
1641 <H4>STATUS DER ATI-TV-AUSGABEUNTERSTÜTZUNG UNTER LINUX</H4> | |
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1642 |
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1643 <UL> |
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1644 <LI><B>ATI Mach64</B>: Von |
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1645 <A HREF="http://gatos.sf.net">gatos</A> unterstützt.</LI> |
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1646 <LI><B>ASIC Radeon VIVO</B>: Von |
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1647 <A HREF="http://gatos.sf.net">gatos</A> unterstützt.</LI> |
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1648 <LI><B>Radeon</B> and <B>Rage128</B>: Von MPlayer unterstützt! |
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1649 Lies die <a href="#vesa">VESA-Treiber-</a> und <A HREF="#vidix">VIDIX-</A> |
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1650 Sektionen.</LI> |
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1651 <LI><B>Rage Mobility P/M, Radeon, Rage 128, Mobility M3/M4</B>: Von |
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1652 <A HREF="http://www.stud.uni-hamburg.de/users/lennart/projects/atitvout/"> |
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1653 atitvout</A> unterstützt.</LI> |
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1654 </UL> |
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1655 |
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1656 <P>Benutze bei anderen Karten einfach den <A HREF="#vesa">VESA-Treiber</A> |
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1657 ohne VIDIX. Dafür brauchst du aber eine schnelle CPU.</P> |
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1658 |
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1659 <P>Nur eines musst du tun - <B>das TV-Kabel vor dem Booten eingeteckt |
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1660 haben</B>, da das BIOS sich nur einmal während der POST-Prozedur |
6680 | 1661 initialisiert.</P> |
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1662 |
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|
1663 |
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1664 <H4><A NAME="tv-out_voodoo">2.3.1.5.4 Voodoo 3</A></H4> |
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1665 |
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1666 <P>Lies <A HREF="http://www.iki.fi/too/tvout-voodoo3-3000-xfree">diese |
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1667 URL</A>.</P> |
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|
1668 |
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1669 |
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1670 <H4><A NAME="tv-out_nvidia">2.3.1.5.5 nVidia</A></H4> |
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1671 |
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1672 <P>Zuerst MUSST du die Closed-Soure-Treiber von <A |
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1673 HREF="http://nvidia.com">http://nvidia.com</A> herunterladen. Ich werde |
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1674 Installation und Konfiguration nicht im Detail beschreiben, da diese |
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1675 außerhalb der Aufgabe dieses Dokuments liegt.</P> |
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1676 |
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1677 <P>Nachdem du sichergegangen bist, dass XFree86, XVideo und die 3D- |
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1678 Beschleunigung funktionieren, ändere die <CODE>XF86Config</CODE>, und |
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1679 passe das folgende Beispiel deiner Karte an:</P> |
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1bd05178a74d
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1680 |
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1681 <PRE> |
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1682 Section "Device" |
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1683 Identifier "GeForce" |
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1684 VendorName "ASUS" |
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1685 BoardName "nVidia GeForce2/MX 400" |
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1686 Driver "nvidia" |
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1687 #Option "NvAGP" "1" |
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1688 Option "NoLogo" |
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1689 Option "CursorShadow" "on" |
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1690 |
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1691 Option "TwinView" |
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1692 Option "TwinViewOrientation" "Clone" |
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1693 Option "MetaModes" "1024x768,640x480" |
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1694 Option "ConnectedMonitor" "CRT, TV" |
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1695 Option "TVStandard" "PAL-B" |
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1696 Option "TVOutFormat" "Composite" |
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1697 |
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1698 EndSection |
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1699 </PRE> |
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1700 |
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1701 <P>Natürlich ist der wichtige Teil die TwinView-Optionen.</P> |
2215 | 1702 |
1895 | 1703 </BODY> |
1704 </HTML> |