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annotate DOCS/tech/mpcf.txt @ 17793:68d3692cfd47
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author | ods15 |
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date | Fri, 10 Mar 2006 11:52:58 +0000 |
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1 ======================================== |
17547 | 2 NUT Open Container Format DRAFT 20060207 |
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3 ======================================== |
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5 | |
6 | |
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7 Intro: |
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8 ====== |
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9 |
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10 Features / goals: |
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11 (supported by the format, not necessarily by a specific implementation) |
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12 |
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13 Simple |
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14 use the same encoding for nearly all fields |
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15 simple decoding, so slow CPUs (and embedded systems) can handle it |
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16 |
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17 Extendible |
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18 no limit for the possible values of all fields (using universal vlc) |
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19 allow adding of new headers in the future |
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20 allow adding more fields at the end of headers |
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21 |
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22 Compact |
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23 ~0.2% overhead, for normal bitrates |
17438 | 24 index is <100kb per hour |
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25 a usual header for a file is about 100 bytes (audio + video headers together) |
17326 | 26 a packet header is about ~1-5 bytes |
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27 |
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28 Error resistant |
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29 seeking / playback without an index |
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30 headers & index can be repeated |
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31 damaged files can be played back with minimal data loss and fast |
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32 resync times |
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33 |
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34 |
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35 |
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36 Definitions: |
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37 ============ |
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38 |
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39 MUST the specific part must be done to conform to this standard |
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40 SHOULD it is recommended to be done that way, but not strictly required |
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41 |
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42 |
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43 |
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44 Syntax: |
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45 ======= |
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16428 | 47 Since NUT heavily uses variable length fields, the simplest way to describe it |
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48 is using a pseudocode approach. |
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49 |
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50 |
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51 |
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52 Conventions: |
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53 ============ |
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54 |
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55 The data types have a name, used in the bitstream syntax description, a short |
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56 text description and a pseudocode (functional) definition, optional notes may |
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57 follow: |
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58 |
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59 name (text description) |
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60 functional definition |
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61 [Optional notes] |
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62 |
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63 The bitstream syntax elements have a tagname and a functional definition, they |
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64 are presented in a bottom up approach, again optional notes may follow and |
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65 are reproduced in the tag description: |
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66 |
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67 name: (optional note) |
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68 functional definition |
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69 [Optional notes] |
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70 |
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71 The in-depth tag description follows the bitstream syntax. |
16428 | 72 The functional definition has a C-like syntax. |
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73 |
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74 |
12209 | 75 |
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76 Type definitions: |
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77 ================= |
12209 | 78 |
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79 f(n) (n fixed bits in big-endian order) |
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80 u(n) (unsigned number encoded in n bits in MSB-first order) |
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81 |
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82 v (variable length value, unsigned) |
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83 value=0 |
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84 do{ |
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85 more_data u(1) |
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86 data u(7) |
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87 value= 128*value + data |
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88 }while(more_data) |
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89 |
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90 s (variable length value, signed) |
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91 temp v |
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92 temp++ |
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93 if(temp&1) value= -(temp>>1) |
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94 else value= (temp>>1) |
9323 | 95 |
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96 b (binary data or string, to be use in vb, see below) |
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97 for(i=0; i<length; i++){ |
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98 data[i] u(8) |
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99 } |
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100 [Note: strings MUST be encoded in UTF-8] |
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102 vb (variable length binary data or string) |
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103 length v |
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104 value b |
12117 | 105 |
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107 |
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108 Bitstream syntax: |
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109 ================= |
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110 |
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111 Common elements: |
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112 ---------------- |
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113 |
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114 reserved_bytes: |
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115 for(i=0; i<forward_ptr - length_of_non_reserved; i++) |
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116 reserved u(8) |
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117 [a demuxer MUST ignore any reserved bytes |
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118 a muxer MUST NOT write any reserved bytes, as this would make it |
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119 impossible to add new fields at the end of packets in the future |
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120 in a compatible way] |
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121 |
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122 Headers: |
10824 | 123 |
9294 | 124 main header: |
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125 version v |
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126 stream_count v |
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127 max_distance v |
17437 | 128 tmp_pts=0 |
129 tmp_mul=1 | |
130 tmp_stream=0 | |
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131 for(i=0; i<256; ){ |
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132 tmp_flag v |
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133 tmp_fields v |
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134 if(tmp_fields>0) tmp_pts s |
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135 if(tmp_fields>1) tmp_mul v |
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136 if(tmp_fields>2) tmp_stream v |
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137 if(tmp_fields>3) tmp_size v |
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138 else tmp_size=0 |
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139 if(tmp_fields>4) tmp_res v |
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140 else tmp_res=0 |
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141 if(tmp_fields>5) count v |
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142 else count= tmp_mul - tmp_size |
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143 for(j=6; j<tmp_fields; j++){ |
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144 tmp_reserved[i] v |
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145 } |
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146 for(j=0; j<count && i<256; j++, i++){ |
17612 | 147 if (i == 'N') { |
17718 | 148 flags[i]= FLAG_INVALID; |
17612 | 149 j--; |
150 continue; | |
151 } | |
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152 flags[i]= tmp_flag; |
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153 stream_id_plus1[i]= tmp_stream; |
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154 data_size_mul[i]= tmp_mul; |
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155 data_size_lsb[i]= tmp_size + j; |
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156 pts_delta[i]= tmp_pts; |
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157 reserved_count[i]= tmp_res; |
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158 } |
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159 } |
9294 | 160 |
161 stream_header: | |
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162 stream_id v |
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163 stream_class v |
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164 fourcc vb |
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165 time_base_nom v |
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166 time_base_denom v |
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167 msb_pts_shift v |
17577 | 168 max_pts_distance v |
17730 | 169 max_frame_size v |
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170 decode_delay v |
17671 | 171 reserved u(7) |
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172 fixed_fps u(1) |
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173 codec_specific_data vb |
17640 | 174 if(stream_class == video){ |
175 width v | |
176 height v | |
177 sample_width v | |
178 sample_height v | |
179 colorspace_type v | |
180 }else if(stream_class == audio){ | |
181 samplerate_nom v | |
182 samplerate_denom v | |
183 channel_count v | |
184 } | |
16429 | 185 |
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186 Basic Packets: |
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187 |
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188 frame: |
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189 frame_code f(8) |
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190 if(stream_id_plus1[frame_code]==0){ |
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191 stream_id v |
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192 } |
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193 if(pts_delta[frame_code]==0){ |
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194 coded_pts v |
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195 } |
17718 | 196 frame_flags= flags[frame_code] |
197 if(frame_flags&FLAG_CODED){ | |
198 coded_flags v | |
199 frame_flags ^= coded_flags | |
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200 } |
17718 | 201 if(frame_flags&FLAG_SIZE_MSB){ |
202 data_size_msb v | |
17437 | 203 } |
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204 for(i=0; i<reserved_count[frame_code]; i++) |
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205 reserved v |
17723 | 206 if(frame_flags&FLAG_CHECKSUM){ |
17711 | 207 checksum u(32) |
17584 | 208 } |
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209 data |
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210 |
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211 index: |
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212 max_pts v |
17438 | 213 syncpoints v |
17720 | 214 for(i=0; i<syncpoints; i++){ |
17438 | 215 syncpoint_pos_div8 v |
216 } | |
217 for(i=0; i<stream_count; i++){ | |
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218 last_pts= -1 |
17720 | 219 for(j=0; j<syncpoints; ){ |
17438 | 220 x v |
221 type= x & 1 | |
222 x>>=1 | |
17455 | 223 n=j |
17438 | 224 if(type){ |
225 flag= x & 1 | |
226 x>>=1 | |
227 while(x--) | |
17455 | 228 has_keyframe[n++][i]=flag |
229 has_keyframe[n++][i]=!flag; | |
17438 | 230 }else{ |
231 while(x != 1){ | |
17455 | 232 has_keyframe[n++][i]=x&1; |
17438 | 233 x>>=1; |
234 } | |
235 } | |
17455 | 236 for(; j<n && j<syncpoints; j++){ |
237 if (!has_keyframe[j][i]) continue | |
238 A v | |
17531 | 239 if(!A){ |
240 A v | |
241 B v | |
242 eor_pts[j][i] = last_pts + A + B | |
243 }else | |
244 B=0 | |
245 keyframe_pts[j][i] = last_pts + A | |
246 last_pts += A + B | |
17455 | 247 } |
17438 | 248 } |
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249 } |
17726 | 250 last 8 reserved_bytes of index: |
251 index_ptr u(64) | |
9294 | 252 |
17711 | 253 info_packet: |
17669 | 254 stream_id_plus1 v |
255 chapter_id v | |
17708 | 256 chapter_start v |
257 chapter_len v | |
17669 | 258 count v |
259 for(i=0; i<count; i++){ | |
260 name vb | |
261 value s | |
262 if (value==-1){ | |
263 type= "UTF-8" | |
264 value vb | |
265 }else if (value==-2){ | |
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266 type vb |
17669 | 267 value vb |
268 }else if (value==-3){ | |
17685 | 269 type= "s" |
17326 | 270 value s |
17669 | 271 }else if (value<-3){ |
17685 | 272 type= "r" |
17684 | 273 value.den= -value-3 |
17669 | 274 value.num s |
275 }else{ | |
17685 | 276 type= "v" |
17669 | 277 } |
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278 } |
16506 | 279 |
17326 | 280 syncpoint: |
17328 | 281 coded_pts v |
282 stream = coded_pts % stream_count | |
283 global_key_pts = coded_pts/stream_count | |
17438 | 284 back_ptr_div8 v |
12413 | 285 |
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286 Complete definition: |
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287 |
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288 file: |
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289 file_id_string |
17726 | 290 while(!eof){ |
17711 | 291 if(next_byte == 'N'){ |
17773 | 292 packet_header |
17711 | 293 switch(startcode){ |
294 case main_startcode: main_header; break; | |
295 case stream_startcode:stream_header; break; | |
296 case info_startcode: info_packet; break; | |
297 case index_startcode: index; break; | |
298 case syncpoint_startcode: syncpoint; break; | |
299 } | |
17773 | 300 packet_footer |
17711 | 301 }else |
302 frame | |
303 } | |
304 | |
305 the structure of a undamaged file should look like the following, but | |
306 demuxers should be flexible and be able to deal with damaged headers so the | |
307 above is a better loop in practice (not to mention its simpler) | |
308 note, demuxers MUST be able to deal with new and unknown headers | |
309 | |
310 packet_header | |
311 startcode f(64) | |
312 forward_ptr v | |
17792 | 313 if(forward_ptr > 4096) |
314 header_checksum u(32) | |
17711 | 315 |
316 packet_footer | |
317 reserved_bytes | |
318 checksum u(32) | |
319 | |
320 reserved_headers | |
321 while(next_byte == 'N' && next_code != main_startcode | |
322 && next_code != stream_startcode | |
323 && next_code != info_startcode | |
324 && next_code != index_startcode | |
325 && next_code != syncpoint_startcode){ | |
326 packet_header | |
327 packet_footer | |
328 } | |
329 | |
330 file: | |
331 file_id_string | |
17726 | 332 while(!eof){ |
17711 | 333 packet_header, main_header, packet_footer |
334 reserved_headers | |
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335 for(i=0; i<stream_count; i++){ |
17711 | 336 packet_header, stream_header, packet_footer |
337 reserved_headers | |
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338 } |
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339 while(next_code == info_startcode){ |
17711 | 340 packet_header, info_packet, packet_footer |
341 reserved_headers | |
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342 } |
17726 | 343 if(next_code == index_startcode){ |
17711 | 344 packet_header, index_packet, packet_footer |
17533 | 345 } |
17726 | 346 if (!eof) while(next_code != main_startcode){ |
17711 | 347 if(next_code == syncpoint_startcode){ |
348 packet_header, syncpoint, packet_footer | |
349 } | |
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350 frame |
17711 | 351 reserved_headers |
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352 } |
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353 } |
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354 |
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355 |
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356 Tag description: |
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357 ---------------- |
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358 |
12242 | 359 file_id_string |
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360 "nut/multimedia container\0" |
9323 | 361 |
362 *_startcode | |
12162 | 363 all startcodes start with 'N' |
364 | |
365 main_startcode | |
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366 0x7A561F5F04ADULL + (((uint64_t)('N'<<8) + 'M')<<48) |
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367 |
12162 | 368 stream_starcode |
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369 0x11405BF2F9DBULL + (((uint64_t)('N'<<8) + 'S')<<48) |
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370 |
17326 | 371 syncpoint_startcode |
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372 0xE4ADEECA4569ULL + (((uint64_t)('N'<<8) + 'K')<<48) |
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373 |
12162 | 374 index_startcode |
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375 0xDD672F23E64EULL + (((uint64_t)('N'<<8) + 'X')<<48) |
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376 |
12162 | 377 info_startcode |
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378 0xAB68B596BA78ULL + (((uint64_t)('N'<<8) + 'I')<<48) |
9294 | 379 |
380 version | |
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381 NUT version. The current value is 2. |
12238 | 382 |
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383 forward_ptr |
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384 size of the packet data (exactly the distance from the first byte |
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385 after the forward_ptr to the first byte of the next packet) |
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386 |
12333 | 387 max_distance |
17326 | 388 max distance of syncpoints, the distance may only be larger if |
389 there is no more than a single frame between the two syncpoints. This can | |
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390 be used by the demuxer to detect damaged frame headers if the damage |
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391 results in too long of a chain |
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392 |
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393 syncpoints SHOULD be placed immediately before a keyframe if the |
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394 previous frame of the same stream was a non-keyframe, unless such |
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395 non-keyframe - keyframe transitions are very frequent |
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396 |
17722 | 397 SHOULD be set to <=32768 |
398 if the stored value is >65536 then max_distance MUST be set to 65536 | |
12501 | 399 |
17577 | 400 max_pts_distance |
401 max absoloute difference of pts of new frame from last_pts in the | |
17711 | 402 timebase of the stream, without a checksum after the frameheader |
403 Note that last_pts is not necessarily the pts of the last frame | |
17577 | 404 on the same stream, as it is altered by syncpoint timestamps. |
405 | |
17730 | 406 max_frame_size |
17726 | 407 max frame size without a checksum after the frameheader. |
17730 | 408 MUST be <=4*max_distance. If stored value is bigger then |
409 max_frame_size MUST be set to 4*max_distance . | |
17726 | 410 |
16429 | 411 stream_id |
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412 Stream identifier |
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413 stream_id MUST be < stream_count |
9294 | 414 |
415 stream_class | |
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416 0 video |
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417 1 audio |
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418 2 subtiles |
17793 | 419 3 userdata |
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420 Note: the remaining values are reserved and MUST NOT be used |
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421 a demuxer MUST ignore streams with reserved classes |
9294 | 422 |
423 fourcc | |
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424 identification for the codec |
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425 example: "H264" |
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426 MUST contain 2 or 4 bytes, note, this might be increased in the future |
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427 if needed |
9294 | 428 |
9297 | 429 time_base_nom / time_base_denom = time_base |
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430 the length of a timer tick in seconds, this MUST be equal to the 1/fps |
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431 if fixed_fps is 1 |
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432 time_base_nom and time_base_denom MUST NOT be 0 |
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433 time_base_nom and time_base_denom MUST be relatively prime |
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434 time_base_denom MUST be < 2^31 |
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435 examples: |
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436 fps time_base_nom time_base_denom |
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437 30 1 30 |
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438 29.97 1001 30000 |
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439 23.976 1001 24000 |
9294 | 440 |
17328 | 441 convert_ts |
442 To switch from 2 different timebases, the following calculation is | |
443 defined: | |
12413 | 444 |
17328 | 445 ln = from_time_base_nom*to_time_base_denom |
446 sn = from_timestamp | |
447 d1 = from_time_base_denom | |
448 d2 = to_time_base_nom | |
449 timestamp = (ln/d1*sn + ln%d1*sn/d1)/d2 | |
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450 Note: this calculation MUST be done with unsigned 64 bit integers, and |
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451 is equivalent to (ln*sn)/(d1*d2) but this would require a 96bit integer |
12413 | 452 |
17532 | 453 compare_ts |
454 Compares timestamps from 2 different timebases, | |
455 if a is before b then compare_ts(a, b) = -1 | |
456 if a is after b then compare_ts(a, b) = 1 | |
457 else compare_ts(a, b) = 0 | |
458 | |
459 Care must be taken that this is done exactly with no rounding errors, | |
460 simply casting to float or double and doing the obvious | |
461 a*timebase > b*timebase is not compliant or correct, neither is the | |
462 same with integers, and | |
463 a*a_timebase.num*b_timebase.den > b*b_timebase.num*a_timebase.den | |
464 will overflow. One possible implementation which shouldn't overflow | |
465 within the range of legal timestamps and timebases is: | |
466 | |
467 if (convert_ts(a, a_timebase, b_timebase) < b) return -1; | |
468 if (convert_ts(b, b_timebase, a_timebase) < a) return 1; | |
469 return 0; | |
470 | |
16429 | 471 msb_pts_shift |
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472 amount of bits in lsb_pts |
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473 MUST be <16 |
9294 | 474 |
12333 | 475 decode_delay |
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476 maximum time between input and output for a codec, used to generate |
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477 dts from pts |
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478 is set to 0 for streams without B-frames, and set to 1 for streams with |
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479 B-frames, may be larger for future codecs |
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480 decode_delay MUST NOT be set higher than necessary for a codec. |
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481 |
9294 | 482 fixed_fps |
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483 1 indicates that the fps is fixed |
9294 | 484 |
9356 | 485 codec_specific_data |
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486 private global data for a codec (could be huffman tables or ...) |
12082 | 487 |
488 frame_code | |
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489 the meaning of this byte is stored in the main header |
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490 the value 78 ('N') is forbidden to ensure that the byte is always |
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491 different from the first byte of any startcode |
9420 | 492 |
17718 | 493 flags[frame_code], frame_flags |
17437 | 494 Bit Name Description |
17718 | 495 1 FLAG_SIZE_MSB if set, data_size_msb is at frame header, |
17437 | 496 otherwise data_size_msb is 0 |
17718 | 497 2 FLAG_CHECKSUM if set then the frame header contains a checksum |
498 4 FLAG_KEY if set, frame is keyframe | |
499 8 FLAG_EOR if set, stream has no relevance on | |
500 presentation. (EOR) | |
501 256 FLAG_CODED if set, coded_flags are stored in the frame header. | |
502 512 FLAG_INVALID if set, frame_code is invalid. | |
17437 | 503 |
504 EOR frames MUST be zero-length and must be set keyframe. | |
505 All streams SHOULD end with EOR, where the pts of the EOR indicates the | |
506 end presentation time of the final frame. | |
507 An EOR set stream is unset by the first content frames. | |
17551 | 508 EOR can only be unset in streams with zero decode_delay . |
17730 | 509 FLAG_CHECKSUM MUST be set if the frame is larger than max_frame_size or |
510 its pts differs by more then max_pts_distance from the last frame | |
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511 |
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512 stream_id_plus1[frame_code] |
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513 must be <250 |
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514 if it is 0, then the stream_id is coded in the frame |
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515 |
12082 | 516 data_size_mul[frame_code] |
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517 must be <16384 |
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518 |
12082 | 519 data_size_lsb[frame_code] |
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520 must be <16384 |
12082 | 521 |
16429 | 522 pts_delta[frame_code] |
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523 must be <16384 and >-16384 |
12413 | 524 |
17640 | 525 reserved_count[frame_code] |
526 must be <256 | |
527 | |
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528 data_size |
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529 data_size= data_size_lsb + data_size_msb*data_size_mul; |
12082 | 530 |
16429 | 531 coded_pts |
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532 if coded_pts < (1<<msb_pts_shift) then it is an lsb |
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533 pts, otherwise it is a full pts + (1<<msb_pts_shift) |
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534 lsb pts is converted to a full pts by: |
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535 mask = (1<<msb_pts_shift)-1; |
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536 delta = last_pts - mask/2 |
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537 pts = ((pts_lsb-delta)&mask) + delta |
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538 |
16429 | 539 lsb_pts |
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540 least significant bits of the pts in time_base precision |
9294 | 541 Example: IBBP display order |
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542 keyframe pts=0 -> pts=0 |
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543 frame lsb_pts=3 -> pts=3 |
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544 frame lsb_pts=1 -> pts=1 |
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545 frame lsb_pts=2 -> pts=2 |
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546 ... |
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547 keyframe msb_pts=257 -> pts=257 |
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548 frame lsb_pts=255 -> pts=255 |
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549 frame lsb_pts=0 -> pts=256 |
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550 frame lsb_pts=4 -> pts=260 |
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551 frame lsb_pts=2 -> pts=258 |
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552 frame lsb_pts=3 -> pts=259 |
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553 all pts's of keyframes of a single stream MUST be monotone |
9294 | 554 |
12333 | 555 dts |
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556 dts is calculated by using a decode_delay+1 sized buffer for each |
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557 stream, into which the current pts is inserted and the element with |
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558 the smallest value is removed, this is then the current dts |
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559 this buffer is initalized with decode_delay -1 elements |
17327 | 560 |
561 Pts of all frames in all streams MUST be bigger or equal to dts of all | |
17437 | 562 previous frames in all streams, compared in common timebase. (EOR |
563 frames are NOT exempt from this rule) | |
12333 | 564 |
9294 | 565 width/height |
17730 | 566 MUST be set to the coded width/height, MUST NOT be 0 |
9294 | 567 |
568 sample_width/sample_height (aspect ratio) | |
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569 sample_width is the horizontal distance between samples |
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570 sample_width and sample_height MUST be relatively prime if not zero |
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571 MUST be 0 if unknown |
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572 |
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573 colorspace_type |
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574 0 unknown |
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575 1 ITU Rec 624 / ITU Rec 601 Y range: 16..235 Cb/Cr range: 16..240 |
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576 2 ITU Rec 709 Y range: 16..235 Cb/Cr range: 16..240 |
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577 17 ITU Rec 624 / ITU Rec 601 Y range: 0..255 Cb/Cr range: 0..255 |
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578 18 ITU Rec 709 Y range: 0..255 Cb/Cr range: 0..255 |
10166 | 579 |
12333 | 580 samplerate_nom / samplerate_denom = samplerate |
17730 | 581 the number of samples per second, MUST NOT be 0 |
9294 | 582 |
17683 | 583 crc32 checksum |
17710 | 584 Generator polynomial is 0x104C11DB7. Starting value is zero. |
17683 | 585 |
9294 | 586 checksum |
17577 | 587 crc32 checksum |
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588 checksum is calculated for the area pointed to by forward_ptr not |
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589 including the checksum itself (from first byte after the |
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590 forward_ptr until last byte before the checksum). |
17711 | 591 for frame headers the checksum contains the framecode byte and all |
592 following bytes upto the checksum itself | |
9294 | 593 |
17792 | 594 header_checksum |
595 checksum over the startcode and forward pointer | |
596 | |
17640 | 597 Syncpoint tags: |
598 --------------- | |
599 | |
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600 back_ptr_div8 |
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601 back_ptr = back_ptr_div8 * 8 + 7 |
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602 back_ptr must point to a position within 8 bytes of a syncpoint |
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603 startcode. This syncpoint MUST be the closest syncpoint such that at |
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604 least one keyframe with a pts lower or equal to the original syncpoint's |
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605 global_key_pts for all streams lies between it and the current syncpoint. |
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606 |
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607 A stream where EOR is set is to be ignored for back_ptr. |
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608 |
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609 global_key_pts |
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610 After a syncpoint, last_pts of each stream is to be set to: |
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611 last_pts[i] = convert_ts(global_key_pts, timebase[stream], timebase[i]) |
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612 |
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613 global_key_pts MUST be bigger or equal to dts of all past frames across |
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614 all streams, and smaller or equal to pts of all future frames. |
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615 |
17640 | 616 Index tags: |
617 ----------- | |
618 | |
16429 | 619 max_pts |
17438 | 620 s = max_pts % stream_count |
621 pts = max_pts / stream_count | |
622 The highest pts in the entire file in the timebase of stream 's' . | |
9294 | 623 |
17438 | 624 syncpoint_pos_div8 |
625 offset from begginning of file to up to 7 bytes before the syncpoint | |
626 referred to in this index entry. Relative to position of last | |
627 syncpoint. | |
628 | |
629 has_keyframe | |
630 indicates whether this stream has a keyframe between this syncpoint and | |
631 the last syncpoint. | |
632 | |
633 keyframe_pts | |
634 The pts of the first keyframe for this stream in the region between the | |
17531 | 635 2 syncpoints, in the stream's timebase. (EOR frames are also keyframes) |
636 | |
637 eor_pts | |
638 Coded only if EOR is set at the position of the syncpoint. The pts of | |
639 that EOR. EOR is unset by the first keyframe after it. | |
9294 | 640 |
16429 | 641 index_ptr |
17726 | 642 Length in bytes of the entire index, from the first byte of the |
643 startcode until the last byte of the checksum. | |
644 Note: A demuxer can use this to find the index when it is written at | |
645 EOF, as index_ptr will always be 12 bytes before the end of file if | |
646 there is an index at all. | |
647 | |
16429 | 648 |
17640 | 649 Info tags: |
650 ---------- | |
651 | |
17669 | 652 stream_id_plus1 |
653 Stream this info packet applies to. If zero, packet applies to whole | |
654 file. | |
655 | |
656 chapter_id | |
657 Id of chapter this packet applies to. If zero, packet applies to whole | |
658 file. Positive chapter_id's are real chapters and MUST NOT overlap. | |
659 Negative chapter_id indicate a sub region of file and not a real | |
660 chapter. chapter_id MUST be unique to the region it represents. | |
17711 | 661 chapter_id n MUST not be used unless there are at least n chapters in the |
662 file | |
17669 | 663 |
664 chapter_start | |
665 s= chapter_start % stream_count | |
666 timestamp= chapter_start / stream_count | |
667 timestamp of start of chapter in timebase of stream 's'. | |
668 | |
669 chapter_len | |
670 Length of chapter in same timebase of chapter_start. | |
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671 |
9323 | 672 type |
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673 for example: "UTF8" -> string or "JPEG" -> JPEG image |
17685 | 674 "v" -> unsigned integer |
675 "s" -> signed integer | |
676 "r" -> rational | |
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677 Note: nonstandard fields should be prefixed by "X-" |
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678 Note: MUST be less than 6 byte long (might be increased to 64 later) |
9323 | 679 |
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680 info packet types |
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681 the name of the info entry, valid names are |
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682 "Author" |
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683 "Description" |
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684 "Copyright" |
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685 "Encoder" |
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686 the name & version of the software used for encoding |
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687 "Title" |
17669 | 688 "Cover" (allowed types are "PNG" and "JPEG") |
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689 image of the (CD, DVD, VHS, ..) cover (preferably PNG or JPEG) |
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690 "Source" |
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691 "DVD", "VCD", "CD", "MD", "FM radio", "VHS", "TV", "LD" |
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692 Optional: appended PAL, NTSC, SECAM, ... in parentheses |
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693 "CaptureDevice" |
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694 "BT878", "BT848", "webcam", ... (more exact names are fine too) |
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695 "CreationTime" |
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696 "2003-01-20 20:13:15Z", ... |
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697 (ISO 8601 format, see http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/iso-time.html) |
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698 Note: do not forget the timezone |
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699 "Keywords" |
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700 "Language" |
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701 ISO 639 and ISO 3166 for language/country code |
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702 something like "eng" (US english), can be 0 if unknown |
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703 and "multi" if several languages |
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704 see http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/englangn.html |
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705 and http://www.din.de/gremien/nas/nabd/iso3166ma/codlstp1/en_listp1.html |
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706 the language code |
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707 "Disposition" |
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708 "original", "dub" (translated), "comment", "lyrics", "karaoke" |
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709 Note: if someone needs some others, please tell us about them, so we |
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710 can add them to the official standard (if they are sane) |
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711 Note: nonstandard fields should be prefixed by "X-" |
17686 | 712 Note: names of fields SHOULD be in English if a word with the same |
17653 | 713 meaning exists in English |
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714 Note: MUST be less than 64 bytes long |
9295 | 715 |
716 value | |
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717 value of this name/type pair |
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718 |
9310 | 719 stuffing |
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720 0x80 can be placed in front of any type v entry for stuffing purposes |
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721 |
9294 | 722 |
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723 |
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724 Structure: |
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725 ---------- |
9294 | 726 |
727 the headers MUST be in exactly the following order (to simplify demuxer design) | |
728 main header | |
729 stream_header (id=0) | |
730 stream_header (id=1) | |
731 ... | |
732 stream_header (id=n) | |
733 | |
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734 headers may be repeated, but if they are, then they MUST all be repeated |
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735 together and repeated headers MUST be identical |
17547 | 736 |
737 Each set of repeated headers not at the beginning or end of the file SHOULD | |
738 be stored at the earliest possible position after 2^x where x is | |
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739 an integer and the file end, so the headers may be repeated at 4102 if that is |
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740 the closest position after 2^12=4096 at which the headers can be placed |
9294 | 741 |
17547 | 742 Note: this allows an implementation reading the file to locate backup |
743 headers in O(log filesize) time as opposed to O(filesize) | |
744 | |
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745 headers MUST be placed at least at the start of the file and immediately before |
12501 | 746 the index or at the file end if there is no index |
16428 | 747 headers MUST be repeated at least twice (so they exist three times in a file) |
9295 | 748 |
16685 | 749 there MUST be a sync point immediately before the first frame after any headers |
12503 | 750 |
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751 |
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752 Index: |
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753 ------ |
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754 |
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755 Note: with realtime streaming, there is no end, so no index there either |
17533 | 756 Index MAY only be repeated after main headers. |
17726 | 757 If an index is written anywhere in the file, it MUST be written at end of |
758 file as well. | |
9310 | 759 |
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760 |
17669 | 761 Info: |
762 ----- | |
763 | |
17771 | 764 If a info packet is stored anywhere then a muxer MUST also store an identical |
765 info packet after every main-stream-header set | |
9310 | 766 |
17771 | 767 If a demuxer has seen several info packets with the same chapter_id and |
768 stream_id then it MUST ignore all but the one with the highest position in | |
769 the file | |
17669 | 770 |
17771 | 771 demxuxers SHOULD not search the whole file for info packets |
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772 |
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773 demuxer (non-normative): |
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774 ------------------------ |
12501 | 775 |
16428 | 776 in the absence of a valid header at the beginning, players SHOULD search for |
777 backup headers starting at offset 2^x; for each x players SHOULD end their | |
778 search at a particular offset when any startcode is found (including syncpoint) | |
12501 | 779 |
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780 |
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781 |
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782 Semantic requirements: |
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783 ====================== |
16429 | 784 |
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785 If more than one stream of a given stream class is present, each one SHOULD |
16429 | 786 have info tags specifying disposition, and if applicable, language. |
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787 It often highly improves usability and is therefore strongly encouraged. |
16429 | 788 |
789 A demuxer MUST NOT demux a stream which contains more than one stream, or which | |
790 is wrapped in a structure to facilitate more than one stream or otherwise | |
791 duplicate the role of a container. any such file is to be considered invalid. | |
792 | |
12501 | 793 |
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794 |
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795 Sample code (Public Domain, & untested): |
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796 ======================================== |
9294 | 797 |
798 typedef BufferContext{ | |
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799 uint8_t *buf; |
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800 uint8_t *buf_ptr; |
9294 | 801 }BufferContext; |
802 | |
803 static inline uint64_t get_bytes(BufferContext *bc, int count){ | |
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804 uint64_t val=0; |
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805 |
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806 assert(count>0 && count<9); |
9294 | 807 |
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808 for(i=0; i<count; i++){ |
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809 val <<=8; |
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810 val += *(bc->buf_ptr++); |
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811 } |
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812 |
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813 return val; |
9294 | 814 } |
815 | |
816 static inline void put_bytes(BufferContext *bc, int count, uint64_t val){ | |
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817 uint64_t val=0; |
9294 | 818 |
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819 assert(count>0 && count<9); |
9294 | 820 |
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821 for(i=count-1; i>=0; i--){ |
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822 *(bc->buf_ptr++)= val >> (8*i); |
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823 } |
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824 |
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825 return val; |
9294 | 826 } |
827 | |
10061 | 828 static inline uint64_t get_v(BufferContext *bc){ |
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829 uint64_t val= 0; |
9294 | 830 |
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831 for(; space_left(bc) > 0; ){ |
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832 int tmp= *(bc->buf_ptr++); |
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833 if(tmp&0x80) |
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834 val= (val<<7) + tmp - 0x80; |
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835 else |
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836 return (val<<7) + tmp; |
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837 } |
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838 |
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839 return -1; |
9294 | 840 } |
841 | |
10061 | 842 static inline int put_v(BufferContext *bc, uint64_t val){ |
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843 int i; |
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844 |
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845 if(space_left(bc) < 9) return -1; |
9294 | 846 |
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847 val &= 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFULL; // FIXME can only encode upto 63 bits currently |
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848 for(i=7; ; i+=7){ |
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849 if(val>>i == 0) break; |
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850 } |
9294 | 851 |
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852 for(i-=7; i>0; i-=7){ |
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853 *(bc->buf_ptr++)= 0x80 | (val>>i); |
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854 } |
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855 *(bc->buf_ptr++)= val&0x7F; |
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856 |
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857 return 0; |
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858 } |
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859 |
12333 | 860 static int64_t get_dts(int64_t pts, int64_t *pts_cache, int delay, int reset){ |
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861 if(reset) memset(pts_cache, -1, delay*sizeof(int64_t)); |
12333 | 862 |
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863 while(delay--){ |
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864 int64_t t= pts_cache[delay]; |
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865 if(t < pts){ |
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866 pts_cache[delay]= pts; |
93d4be7ef83e
cosmetic reformatting: tabs --> spaces, prettyprinting, trailing whitespace
diego
parents:
16685
diff
changeset
|
867 pts= t; |
93d4be7ef83e
cosmetic reformatting: tabs --> spaces, prettyprinting, trailing whitespace
diego
parents:
16685
diff
changeset
|
868 } |
93d4be7ef83e
cosmetic reformatting: tabs --> spaces, prettyprinting, trailing whitespace
diego
parents:
16685
diff
changeset
|
869 } |
12333 | 870 |
16686
93d4be7ef83e
cosmetic reformatting: tabs --> spaces, prettyprinting, trailing whitespace
diego
parents:
16685
diff
changeset
|
871 return pts; |
12333 | 872 } |
873 | |
16842
d977560c702b
Reformat section titles so that it becomes easier to tell sections and
diego
parents:
16686
diff
changeset
|
874 |
d977560c702b
Reformat section titles so that it becomes easier to tell sections and
diego
parents:
16686
diff
changeset
|
875 |
d977560c702b
Reformat section titles so that it becomes easier to tell sections and
diego
parents:
16686
diff
changeset
|
876 Authors: |
d977560c702b
Reformat section titles so that it becomes easier to tell sections and
diego
parents:
16686
diff
changeset
|
877 ======== |
10158
93e5428d0b3e
some changes (michael: is the colorspace_type field needed?)
alex
parents:
10061
diff
changeset
|
878 |
16428 | 879 Folks from the MPlayer developers mailing list (http://www.mplayerhq.hu/). |
880 Authors in alphabetical order: (FIXME! Tell us if we left you out) | |
16843 | 881 Beregszaszi, Alex (alex@fsn.hu) |
882 Bunkus, Moritz (moritz@bunkus.org) | |
883 Diedrich, Tobias (ranma+mplayer@tdiedrich.de) | |
884 Felker, Rich (dalias@aerifal.cx) | |
885 Franz, Fabian (FabianFranz@gmx.de) | |
886 Gereoffy, Arpad (arpi@thot.banki.hu) | |
887 Hess, Andreas (jaska@gmx.net) | |
888 Niedermayer, Michael (michaelni@gmx.at) | |
889 Shimon, Oded (ods15@ods15.dyndns.org) |