Mercurial > mplayer.hg
annotate DOCS/tech/mpcf.txt @ 17835:b493e5ba8741
strings without terminating NUL
author | ods15 |
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date | Sun, 12 Mar 2006 20:44:22 +0000 |
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1 ======================================== |
17827 | 2 NUT Open Container Format DRAFT 20060312 |
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3 ======================================== |
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5 | |
6 | |
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7 Intro: |
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8 ====== |
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9 |
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10 Features / goals: |
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11 (supported by the format, not necessarily by a specific implementation) |
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12 |
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13 Simple |
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14 use the same encoding for nearly all fields |
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15 simple decoding, so slow CPUs (and embedded systems) can handle it |
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16 |
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17 Extendible |
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18 no limit for the possible values of all fields (using universal vlc) |
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19 allow adding of new headers in the future |
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20 allow adding more fields at the end of headers |
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21 |
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22 Compact |
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23 ~0.2% overhead, for normal bitrates |
17438 | 24 index is <100kb per hour |
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25 a usual header for a file is about 100 bytes (audio + video headers together) |
17326 | 26 a packet header is about ~1-5 bytes |
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27 |
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28 Error resistant |
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29 seeking / playback without an index |
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30 headers & index can be repeated |
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31 damaged files can be played back with minimal data loss and fast |
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32 resync times |
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33 |
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34 |
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35 |
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36 Definitions: |
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37 ============ |
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38 |
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39 MUST the specific part must be done to conform to this standard |
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40 SHOULD it is recommended to be done that way, but not strictly required |
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41 |
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42 |
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43 |
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44 Syntax: |
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45 ======= |
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16428 | 47 Since NUT heavily uses variable length fields, the simplest way to describe it |
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48 is using a pseudocode approach. |
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49 |
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50 |
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51 |
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52 Conventions: |
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53 ============ |
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54 |
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55 The data types have a name, used in the bitstream syntax description, a short |
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56 text description and a pseudocode (functional) definition, optional notes may |
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57 follow: |
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58 |
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59 name (text description) |
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60 functional definition |
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61 [Optional notes] |
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62 |
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63 The bitstream syntax elements have a tagname and a functional definition, they |
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64 are presented in a bottom up approach, again optional notes may follow and |
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65 are reproduced in the tag description: |
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66 |
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67 name: (optional note) |
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68 functional definition |
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69 [Optional notes] |
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70 |
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71 The in-depth tag description follows the bitstream syntax. |
16428 | 72 The functional definition has a C-like syntax. |
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73 |
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74 |
12209 | 75 |
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76 Type definitions: |
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77 ================= |
12209 | 78 |
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79 f(n) (n fixed bits in big-endian order) |
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80 u(n) (unsigned number encoded in n bits in MSB-first order) |
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81 |
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82 v (variable length value, unsigned) |
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83 value=0 |
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84 do{ |
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85 more_data u(1) |
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86 data u(7) |
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87 value= 128*value + data |
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88 }while(more_data) |
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89 |
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90 s (variable length value, signed) |
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91 temp v |
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92 temp++ |
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93 if(temp&1) value= -(temp>>1) |
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94 else value= (temp>>1) |
9323 | 95 |
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96 b (binary data or string, to be use in vb, see below) |
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97 for(i=0; i<length; i++){ |
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98 data[i] u(8) |
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99 } |
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100 [Note: strings MUST be encoded in UTF-8] |
17835 | 101 [Note: the character NUL (U+0000) is not legal within |
102 or at the end of a string.] | |
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104 vb (variable length binary data or string) |
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105 length v |
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106 value b |
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108 t (v coded universal timestamp) |
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109 tmp v |
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110 stream_id= tmp % stream_count |
17827 | 111 value= (tmp / stream_count) * timebase[stream_id] |
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113 |
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114 Bitstream syntax: |
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115 ================= |
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116 |
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117 Common elements: |
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118 ---------------- |
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119 |
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120 reserved_bytes: |
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121 for(i=0; i<forward_ptr - length_of_non_reserved; i++) |
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122 reserved u(8) |
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123 [a demuxer MUST ignore any reserved bytes |
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124 a muxer MUST NOT write any reserved bytes, as this would make it |
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125 impossible to add new fields at the end of packets in the future |
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126 in a compatible way] |
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127 |
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128 Headers: |
10824 | 129 |
9294 | 130 main header: |
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131 version v |
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132 stream_count v |
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133 max_distance v |
17437 | 134 tmp_pts=0 |
135 tmp_mul=1 | |
136 tmp_stream=0 | |
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137 for(i=0; i<256; ){ |
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138 tmp_flag v |
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139 tmp_fields v |
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140 if(tmp_fields>0) tmp_pts s |
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141 if(tmp_fields>1) tmp_mul v |
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142 if(tmp_fields>2) tmp_stream v |
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143 if(tmp_fields>3) tmp_size v |
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144 else tmp_size=0 |
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145 if(tmp_fields>4) tmp_res v |
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146 else tmp_res=0 |
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147 if(tmp_fields>5) count v |
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148 else count= tmp_mul - tmp_size |
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149 for(j=6; j<tmp_fields; j++){ |
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150 tmp_reserved[i] v |
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151 } |
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152 for(j=0; j<count && i<256; j++, i++){ |
17612 | 153 if (i == 'N') { |
17718 | 154 flags[i]= FLAG_INVALID; |
17612 | 155 j--; |
156 continue; | |
157 } | |
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158 flags[i]= tmp_flag; |
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159 stream_id_plus1[i]= tmp_stream; |
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160 data_size_mul[i]= tmp_mul; |
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161 data_size_lsb[i]= tmp_size + j; |
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162 pts_delta[i]= tmp_pts; |
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163 reserved_count[i]= tmp_res; |
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164 } |
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165 } |
9294 | 166 |
167 stream_header: | |
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168 stream_id v |
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169 stream_class v |
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170 fourcc vb |
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171 time_base_nom v |
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172 time_base_denom v |
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173 msb_pts_shift v |
17577 | 174 max_pts_distance v |
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175 decode_delay v |
17671 | 176 reserved u(7) |
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177 fixed_fps u(1) |
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178 codec_specific_data vb |
17640 | 179 if(stream_class == video){ |
180 width v | |
181 height v | |
182 sample_width v | |
183 sample_height v | |
184 colorspace_type v | |
185 }else if(stream_class == audio){ | |
186 samplerate_nom v | |
187 samplerate_denom v | |
188 channel_count v | |
189 } | |
16429 | 190 |
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191 Basic Packets: |
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192 |
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193 frame: |
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194 frame_code f(8) |
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195 if(stream_id_plus1[frame_code]==0){ |
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196 stream_id v |
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197 } |
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198 if(pts_delta[frame_code]==0){ |
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199 coded_pts v |
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200 } |
17718 | 201 frame_flags= flags[frame_code] |
202 if(frame_flags&FLAG_CODED){ | |
203 coded_flags v | |
204 frame_flags ^= coded_flags | |
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205 } |
17718 | 206 if(frame_flags&FLAG_SIZE_MSB){ |
207 data_size_msb v | |
17437 | 208 } |
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209 for(i=0; i<reserved_count[frame_code]; i++) |
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210 reserved v |
17723 | 211 if(frame_flags&FLAG_CHECKSUM){ |
17711 | 212 checksum u(32) |
17584 | 213 } |
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214 data |
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215 |
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216 index: |
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217 max_pts t |
17438 | 218 syncpoints v |
17720 | 219 for(i=0; i<syncpoints; i++){ |
17800 | 220 syncpoint_pos_div16 v |
17438 | 221 } |
222 for(i=0; i<stream_count; i++){ | |
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223 last_pts= -1 |
17720 | 224 for(j=0; j<syncpoints; ){ |
17438 | 225 x v |
226 type= x & 1 | |
227 x>>=1 | |
17455 | 228 n=j |
17438 | 229 if(type){ |
230 flag= x & 1 | |
231 x>>=1 | |
232 while(x--) | |
17455 | 233 has_keyframe[n++][i]=flag |
234 has_keyframe[n++][i]=!flag; | |
17438 | 235 }else{ |
236 while(x != 1){ | |
17455 | 237 has_keyframe[n++][i]=x&1; |
17438 | 238 x>>=1; |
239 } | |
240 } | |
17455 | 241 for(; j<n && j<syncpoints; j++){ |
242 if (!has_keyframe[j][i]) continue | |
243 A v | |
17531 | 244 if(!A){ |
245 A v | |
246 B v | |
247 eor_pts[j][i] = last_pts + A + B | |
248 }else | |
249 B=0 | |
250 keyframe_pts[j][i] = last_pts + A | |
251 last_pts += A + B | |
17455 | 252 } |
17438 | 253 } |
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254 } |
17726 | 255 last 8 reserved_bytes of index: |
256 index_ptr u(64) | |
9294 | 257 |
17711 | 258 info_packet: |
17669 | 259 stream_id_plus1 v |
260 chapter_id v | |
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261 chapter_start t |
17708 | 262 chapter_len v |
17669 | 263 count v |
264 for(i=0; i<count; i++){ | |
265 name vb | |
266 value s | |
267 if (value==-1){ | |
268 type= "UTF-8" | |
269 value vb | |
270 }else if (value==-2){ | |
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271 type vb |
17669 | 272 value vb |
273 }else if (value==-3){ | |
17685 | 274 type= "s" |
17326 | 275 value s |
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276 }else if (value==-4){ |
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277 type= "t" |
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278 value t |
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279 }else if (value<-4){ |
17685 | 280 type= "r" |
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281 value.den= -value-4 |
17669 | 282 value.num s |
283 }else{ | |
17685 | 284 type= "v" |
17669 | 285 } |
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286 } |
16506 | 287 |
17326 | 288 syncpoint: |
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289 global_key_pts t |
17800 | 290 back_ptr_div16 v |
12413 | 291 |
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292 Complete definition: |
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293 |
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294 file: |
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295 file_id_string |
17726 | 296 while(!eof){ |
17711 | 297 if(next_byte == 'N'){ |
17773 | 298 packet_header |
17711 | 299 switch(startcode){ |
300 case main_startcode: main_header; break; | |
301 case stream_startcode:stream_header; break; | |
302 case info_startcode: info_packet; break; | |
303 case index_startcode: index; break; | |
304 case syncpoint_startcode: syncpoint; break; | |
305 } | |
17773 | 306 packet_footer |
17711 | 307 }else |
308 frame | |
309 } | |
310 | |
311 the structure of a undamaged file should look like the following, but | |
312 demuxers should be flexible and be able to deal with damaged headers so the | |
313 above is a better loop in practice (not to mention its simpler) | |
314 note, demuxers MUST be able to deal with new and unknown headers | |
315 | |
316 packet_header | |
317 startcode f(64) | |
318 forward_ptr v | |
17792 | 319 if(forward_ptr > 4096) |
320 header_checksum u(32) | |
17711 | 321 |
322 packet_footer | |
323 reserved_bytes | |
324 checksum u(32) | |
325 | |
326 reserved_headers | |
327 while(next_byte == 'N' && next_code != main_startcode | |
328 && next_code != stream_startcode | |
329 && next_code != info_startcode | |
330 && next_code != index_startcode | |
331 && next_code != syncpoint_startcode){ | |
332 packet_header | |
333 packet_footer | |
334 } | |
335 | |
336 file: | |
337 file_id_string | |
17726 | 338 while(!eof){ |
17711 | 339 packet_header, main_header, packet_footer |
340 reserved_headers | |
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341 for(i=0; i<stream_count; i++){ |
17711 | 342 packet_header, stream_header, packet_footer |
343 reserved_headers | |
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344 } |
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345 while(next_code == info_startcode){ |
17711 | 346 packet_header, info_packet, packet_footer |
347 reserved_headers | |
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348 } |
17726 | 349 if(next_code == index_startcode){ |
17711 | 350 packet_header, index_packet, packet_footer |
17533 | 351 } |
17726 | 352 if (!eof) while(next_code != main_startcode){ |
17711 | 353 if(next_code == syncpoint_startcode){ |
354 packet_header, syncpoint, packet_footer | |
355 } | |
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356 frame |
17711 | 357 reserved_headers |
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358 } |
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359 } |
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360 |
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361 |
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362 Tag description: |
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363 ---------------- |
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364 |
12242 | 365 file_id_string |
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366 "nut/multimedia container\0" |
9323 | 367 |
368 *_startcode | |
12162 | 369 all startcodes start with 'N' |
370 | |
371 main_startcode | |
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372 0x7A561F5F04ADULL + (((uint64_t)('N'<<8) + 'M')<<48) |
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373 |
12162 | 374 stream_starcode |
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375 0x11405BF2F9DBULL + (((uint64_t)('N'<<8) + 'S')<<48) |
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376 |
17326 | 377 syncpoint_startcode |
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378 0xE4ADEECA4569ULL + (((uint64_t)('N'<<8) + 'K')<<48) |
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379 |
12162 | 380 index_startcode |
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381 0xDD672F23E64EULL + (((uint64_t)('N'<<8) + 'X')<<48) |
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382 |
12162 | 383 info_startcode |
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384 0xAB68B596BA78ULL + (((uint64_t)('N'<<8) + 'I')<<48) |
9294 | 385 |
386 version | |
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387 NUT version. The current value is 2. |
12238 | 388 |
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389 forward_ptr |
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390 size of the packet data (exactly the distance from the first byte |
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391 after the packet_header to the first byte of the next packet) |
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392 |
12333 | 393 max_distance |
17326 | 394 max distance of syncpoints, the distance may only be larger if |
395 there is no more than a single frame between the two syncpoints. This can | |
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396 be used by the demuxer to detect damaged frame headers if the damage |
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397 results in too long of a chain |
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398 |
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399 syncpoints SHOULD be placed immediately before a keyframe if the |
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400 previous frame of the same stream was a non-keyframe, unless such |
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401 non-keyframe - keyframe transitions are very frequent |
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402 |
17722 | 403 SHOULD be set to <=32768 |
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404 if the stored value is >65536 then max_distance MUST be set to 65536 |
12501 | 405 |
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406 This is also half the max frame size without a checksum after the |
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407 frameheader. |
17799 | 408 |
409 | |
17577 | 410 max_pts_distance |
411 max absoloute difference of pts of new frame from last_pts in the | |
17711 | 412 timebase of the stream, without a checksum after the frameheader |
413 Note that last_pts is not necessarily the pts of the last frame | |
17577 | 414 on the same stream, as it is altered by syncpoint timestamps. |
17801 | 415 SHOULD NOT be higher than 1/timebase |
17577 | 416 |
16429 | 417 stream_id |
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418 Stream identifier |
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419 stream_id MUST be < stream_count |
9294 | 420 |
421 stream_class | |
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422 0 video |
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423 1 audio |
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424 2 subtiles |
17793 | 425 3 userdata |
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426 Note: the remaining values are reserved and MUST NOT be used |
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427 a demuxer MUST ignore streams with reserved classes |
9294 | 428 |
429 fourcc | |
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430 identification for the codec |
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431 example: "H264" |
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432 MUST contain 2 or 4 bytes, note, this might be increased in the future |
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433 if needed |
9294 | 434 |
9297 | 435 time_base_nom / time_base_denom = time_base |
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436 the length of a timer tick in seconds, this MUST be equal to the 1/fps |
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437 if fixed_fps is 1 |
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438 time_base_nom and time_base_denom MUST NOT be 0 |
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439 time_base_nom and time_base_denom MUST be relatively prime |
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440 time_base_denom MUST be < 2^31 |
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441 examples: |
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442 fps time_base_nom time_base_denom |
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443 30 1 30 |
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444 29.97 1001 30000 |
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445 23.976 1001 24000 |
9294 | 446 |
17328 | 447 convert_ts |
448 To switch from 2 different timebases, the following calculation is | |
449 defined: | |
12413 | 450 |
17328 | 451 ln = from_time_base_nom*to_time_base_denom |
452 sn = from_timestamp | |
453 d1 = from_time_base_denom | |
454 d2 = to_time_base_nom | |
455 timestamp = (ln/d1*sn + ln%d1*sn/d1)/d2 | |
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456 Note: this calculation MUST be done with unsigned 64 bit integers, and |
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457 is equivalent to (ln*sn)/(d1*d2) but this would require a 96bit integer |
12413 | 458 |
17532 | 459 compare_ts |
460 Compares timestamps from 2 different timebases, | |
461 if a is before b then compare_ts(a, b) = -1 | |
462 if a is after b then compare_ts(a, b) = 1 | |
463 else compare_ts(a, b) = 0 | |
464 | |
465 Care must be taken that this is done exactly with no rounding errors, | |
466 simply casting to float or double and doing the obvious | |
467 a*timebase > b*timebase is not compliant or correct, neither is the | |
468 same with integers, and | |
469 a*a_timebase.num*b_timebase.den > b*b_timebase.num*a_timebase.den | |
470 will overflow. One possible implementation which shouldn't overflow | |
471 within the range of legal timestamps and timebases is: | |
472 | |
473 if (convert_ts(a, a_timebase, b_timebase) < b) return -1; | |
474 if (convert_ts(b, b_timebase, a_timebase) < a) return 1; | |
475 return 0; | |
476 | |
16429 | 477 msb_pts_shift |
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478 amount of bits in lsb_pts |
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479 MUST be <16 |
9294 | 480 |
12333 | 481 decode_delay |
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482 maximum time between input and output for a codec, used to generate |
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483 dts from pts |
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484 is set to 0 for streams without B-frames, and set to 1 for streams with |
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485 B-frames, may be larger for future codecs |
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486 decode_delay MUST NOT be set higher than necessary for a codec. |
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487 |
9294 | 488 fixed_fps |
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489 1 indicates that the fps is fixed |
9294 | 490 |
9356 | 491 codec_specific_data |
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492 private global data for a codec (could be huffman tables or ...) |
12082 | 493 |
494 frame_code | |
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495 the meaning of this byte is stored in the main header |
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496 the value 78 ('N') is forbidden to ensure that the byte is always |
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497 different from the first byte of any startcode |
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498 a muxer SHOULD mark 0x00 and 0xFF as invalid to improve error |
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499 detection |
9420 | 500 |
17718 | 501 flags[frame_code], frame_flags |
17437 | 502 Bit Name Description |
17809 | 503 1 FLAG_KEY if set, frame is keyframe |
504 2 FLAG_EOR if set, stream has no relevance on | |
17824 | 505 presentation. (EOR) |
17809 | 506 32 FLAG_SIZE_MSB if set, data_size_msb is at frame header, |
507 otherwise data_size_msb is 0 | |
508 64 FLAG_CHECKSUM if set then the frame header contains a checksum | |
509 4096 FLAG_CODED if set, coded_flags are stored in the frame header. | |
510 8192 FLAG_INVALID if set, frame_code is invalid. | |
17437 | 511 |
512 EOR frames MUST be zero-length and must be set keyframe. | |
513 All streams SHOULD end with EOR, where the pts of the EOR indicates the | |
514 end presentation time of the final frame. | |
515 An EOR set stream is unset by the first content frames. | |
17551 | 516 EOR can only be unset in streams with zero decode_delay . |
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517 FLAG_CHECKSUM MUST be set if the frame is larger than 2*max_distance or |
17730 | 518 its pts differs by more then max_pts_distance from the last frame |
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519 |
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520 stream_id_plus1[frame_code] |
17826 | 521 MUST be <250 |
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522 if it is 0, then the stream_id is coded in the frame |
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523 |
12082 | 524 data_size_mul[frame_code] |
17826 | 525 MUST be <16384 |
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526 |
12082 | 527 data_size_lsb[frame_code] |
17826 | 528 MUST be <16384 |
12082 | 529 |
16429 | 530 pts_delta[frame_code] |
17826 | 531 MUST be <16384 and >-16384 |
12413 | 532 |
17640 | 533 reserved_count[frame_code] |
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534 MUST be <256 |
17640 | 535 |
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536 data_size |
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537 data_size= data_size_lsb + data_size_msb*data_size_mul; |
12082 | 538 |
16429 | 539 coded_pts |
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540 if coded_pts < (1<<msb_pts_shift) then it is an lsb |
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541 pts, otherwise it is a full pts + (1<<msb_pts_shift) |
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542 lsb pts is converted to a full pts by: |
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543 mask = (1<<msb_pts_shift)-1; |
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544 delta = last_pts - mask/2 |
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545 pts = ((pts_lsb-delta)&mask) + delta |
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546 |
16429 | 547 lsb_pts |
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548 least significant bits of the pts in time_base precision |
9294 | 549 Example: IBBP display order |
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550 keyframe pts=0 -> pts=0 |
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551 frame lsb_pts=3 -> pts=3 |
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552 frame lsb_pts=1 -> pts=1 |
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553 frame lsb_pts=2 -> pts=2 |
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554 ... |
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555 keyframe msb_pts=257 -> pts=257 |
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556 frame lsb_pts=255 -> pts=255 |
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557 frame lsb_pts=0 -> pts=256 |
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558 frame lsb_pts=4 -> pts=260 |
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559 frame lsb_pts=2 -> pts=258 |
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560 frame lsb_pts=3 -> pts=259 |
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561 all pts's of keyframes of a single stream MUST be monotone |
9294 | 562 |
12333 | 563 dts |
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564 dts is calculated by using a decode_delay+1 sized buffer for each |
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565 stream, into which the current pts is inserted and the element with |
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566 the smallest value is removed, this is then the current dts |
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567 this buffer is initalized with decode_delay -1 elements |
17327 | 568 |
569 Pts of all frames in all streams MUST be bigger or equal to dts of all | |
17437 | 570 previous frames in all streams, compared in common timebase. (EOR |
571 frames are NOT exempt from this rule) | |
12333 | 572 |
9294 | 573 width/height |
17730 | 574 MUST be set to the coded width/height, MUST NOT be 0 |
9294 | 575 |
576 sample_width/sample_height (aspect ratio) | |
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577 sample_width is the horizontal distance between samples |
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578 sample_width and sample_height MUST be relatively prime if not zero |
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579 both MUST be 0 if unknown otherwise both MUST be non zero |
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580 |
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581 colorspace_type |
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582 0 unknown |
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583 1 ITU Rec 624 / ITU Rec 601 Y range: 16..235 Cb/Cr range: 16..240 |
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584 2 ITU Rec 709 Y range: 16..235 Cb/Cr range: 16..240 |
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585 17 ITU Rec 624 / ITU Rec 601 Y range: 0..255 Cb/Cr range: 0..255 |
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586 18 ITU Rec 709 Y range: 0..255 Cb/Cr range: 0..255 |
10166 | 587 |
12333 | 588 samplerate_nom / samplerate_denom = samplerate |
17730 | 589 the number of samples per second, MUST NOT be 0 |
9294 | 590 |
17683 | 591 crc32 checksum |
17710 | 592 Generator polynomial is 0x104C11DB7. Starting value is zero. |
17683 | 593 |
9294 | 594 checksum |
17577 | 595 crc32 checksum |
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596 checksum is calculated for the area pointed to by forward_ptr not |
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597 including the checksum itself (from first byte after the |
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598 packet_header until last byte before the checksum). |
17711 | 599 for frame headers the checksum contains the framecode byte and all |
600 following bytes upto the checksum itself | |
9294 | 601 |
17792 | 602 header_checksum |
603 checksum over the startcode and forward pointer | |
604 | |
17640 | 605 Syncpoint tags: |
606 --------------- | |
607 | |
17800 | 608 back_ptr_div16 |
609 back_ptr = back_ptr_div16 * 16 + 15 | |
610 back_ptr must point to a position within 16 bytes of a syncpoint | |
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611 startcode. This syncpoint MUST be the closest syncpoint such that at |
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612 least one keyframe with a pts lower or equal to the original syncpoint's |
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613 global_key_pts for all streams lies between it and the current syncpoint. |
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614 |
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615 A stream where EOR is set is to be ignored for back_ptr. |
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616 |
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617 global_key_pts |
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618 After a syncpoint, last_pts of each stream is to be set to: |
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619 last_pts[i] = convert_ts(global_key_pts, timebase[stream], timebase[i]) |
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620 |
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621 global_key_pts MUST be bigger or equal to dts of all past frames across |
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622 all streams, and smaller or equal to pts of all future frames. |
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623 |
17640 | 624 Index tags: |
625 ----------- | |
626 | |
16429 | 627 max_pts |
17796
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universal timestamp (= stream_id + timestamp in stream timebase)
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628 The highest pts in the entire file |
9294 | 629 |
17800 | 630 syncpoint_pos_div16 |
631 offset from begginning of file to up to 15 bytes before the syncpoint | |
17438 | 632 referred to in this index entry. Relative to position of last |
633 syncpoint. | |
634 | |
635 has_keyframe | |
636 indicates whether this stream has a keyframe between this syncpoint and | |
637 the last syncpoint. | |
638 | |
639 keyframe_pts | |
640 The pts of the first keyframe for this stream in the region between the | |
17531 | 641 2 syncpoints, in the stream's timebase. (EOR frames are also keyframes) |
642 | |
643 eor_pts | |
644 Coded only if EOR is set at the position of the syncpoint. The pts of | |
645 that EOR. EOR is unset by the first keyframe after it. | |
9294 | 646 |
16429 | 647 index_ptr |
17726 | 648 Length in bytes of the entire index, from the first byte of the |
649 startcode until the last byte of the checksum. | |
650 Note: A demuxer can use this to find the index when it is written at | |
651 EOF, as index_ptr will always be 12 bytes before the end of file if | |
652 there is an index at all. | |
653 | |
16429 | 654 |
17640 | 655 Info tags: |
656 ---------- | |
657 | |
17669 | 658 stream_id_plus1 |
659 Stream this info packet applies to. If zero, packet applies to whole | |
660 file. | |
661 | |
662 chapter_id | |
663 Id of chapter this packet applies to. If zero, packet applies to whole | |
664 file. Positive chapter_id's are real chapters and MUST NOT overlap. | |
665 Negative chapter_id indicate a sub region of file and not a real | |
666 chapter. chapter_id MUST be unique to the region it represents. | |
17711 | 667 chapter_id n MUST not be used unless there are at least n chapters in the |
668 file | |
17669 | 669 |
670 chapter_start | |
17796
6edc4492b777
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671 timestamp of start of chapter |
17669 | 672 |
673 chapter_len | |
674 Length of chapter in same timebase of chapter_start. | |
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675 |
9323 | 676 type |
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677 for example: "UTF8" -> string or "JPEG" -> JPEG image |
17685 | 678 "v" -> unsigned integer |
679 "s" -> signed integer | |
680 "r" -> rational | |
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681 Note: nonstandard fields should be prefixed by "X-" |
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682 Note: MUST be less than 6 byte long (might be increased to 64 later) |
9323 | 683 |
13308
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684 info packet types |
16686
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685 the name of the info entry, valid names are |
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686 "Author" |
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687 "Description" |
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688 "Copyright" |
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689 "Encoder" |
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690 the name & version of the software used for encoding |
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691 "Title" |
17669 | 692 "Cover" (allowed types are "PNG" and "JPEG") |
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693 image of the (CD, DVD, VHS, ..) cover (preferably PNG or JPEG) |
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694 "Source" |
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695 "DVD", "VCD", "CD", "MD", "FM radio", "VHS", "TV", "LD" |
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696 Optional: appended PAL, NTSC, SECAM, ... in parentheses |
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697 "CaptureDevice" |
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698 "BT878", "BT848", "webcam", ... (more exact names are fine too) |
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699 "CreationTime" |
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700 "2003-01-20 20:13:15Z", ... |
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701 (ISO 8601 format, see http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/iso-time.html) |
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702 Note: do not forget the timezone |
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703 "Keywords" |
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704 "Language" |
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705 ISO 639 and ISO 3166 for language/country code |
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706 something like "eng" (US english), can be 0 if unknown |
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707 and "multi" if several languages |
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708 see http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/englangn.html |
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709 and http://www.din.de/gremien/nas/nabd/iso3166ma/codlstp1/en_listp1.html |
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710 the language code |
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711 "Disposition" |
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712 "original", "dub" (translated), "comment", "lyrics", "karaoke" |
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713 Note: if someone needs some others, please tell us about them, so we |
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714 can add them to the official standard (if they are sane) |
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715 Note: nonstandard fields should be prefixed by "X-" |
17686 | 716 Note: names of fields SHOULD be in English if a word with the same |
17653 | 717 meaning exists in English |
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718 Note: MUST be less than 64 bytes long |
9295 | 719 |
720 value | |
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721 value of this name/type pair |
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722 |
9310 | 723 stuffing |
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724 0x80 can be placed in front of any type v entry for stuffing purposes |
17797
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725 except the forward_ptr and all fields in the frame header where a |
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726 maximum of 8 stuffing bytes per field are allowed |
9294 | 727 |
16842
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728 |
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729 Structure: |
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730 ---------- |
9294 | 731 |
732 the headers MUST be in exactly the following order (to simplify demuxer design) | |
733 main header | |
734 stream_header (id=0) | |
735 stream_header (id=1) | |
736 ... | |
737 stream_header (id=n) | |
738 | |
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739 headers may be repeated, but if they are, then they MUST all be repeated |
15008
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740 together and repeated headers MUST be identical |
17547 | 741 |
742 Each set of repeated headers not at the beginning or end of the file SHOULD | |
743 be stored at the earliest possible position after 2^x where x is | |
15008
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744 an integer and the file end, so the headers may be repeated at 4102 if that is |
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745 the closest position after 2^12=4096 at which the headers can be placed |
9294 | 746 |
17547 | 747 Note: this allows an implementation reading the file to locate backup |
748 headers in O(log filesize) time as opposed to O(filesize) | |
749 | |
15008
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750 headers MUST be placed at least at the start of the file and immediately before |
12501 | 751 the index or at the file end if there is no index |
16428 | 752 headers MUST be repeated at least twice (so they exist three times in a file) |
9295 | 753 |
16685 | 754 there MUST be a sync point immediately before the first frame after any headers |
12503 | 755 |
16842
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756 |
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757 Index: |
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758 ------ |
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759 |
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760 Note: with realtime streaming, there is no end, so no index there either |
17533 | 761 Index MAY only be repeated after main headers. |
17726 | 762 If an index is written anywhere in the file, it MUST be written at end of |
763 file as well. | |
9310 | 764 |
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765 |
17669 | 766 Info: |
767 ----- | |
768 | |
17771 | 769 If a info packet is stored anywhere then a muxer MUST also store an identical |
770 info packet after every main-stream-header set | |
9310 | 771 |
17771 | 772 If a demuxer has seen several info packets with the same chapter_id and |
773 stream_id then it MUST ignore all but the one with the highest position in | |
774 the file | |
17669 | 775 |
17771 | 776 demxuxers SHOULD not search the whole file for info packets |
16842
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777 |
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778 demuxer (non-normative): |
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779 ------------------------ |
12501 | 780 |
16428 | 781 in the absence of a valid header at the beginning, players SHOULD search for |
782 backup headers starting at offset 2^x; for each x players SHOULD end their | |
783 search at a particular offset when any startcode is found (including syncpoint) | |
12501 | 784 |
16842
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785 |
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786 |
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787 Semantic requirements: |
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788 ====================== |
16429 | 789 |
17018
baf593fcf738
Change MUST to SHOULD have disposition and if applicable language tags.
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parents:
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|
790 If more than one stream of a given stream class is present, each one SHOULD |
16429 | 791 have info tags specifying disposition, and if applicable, language. |
17018
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792 It often highly improves usability and is therefore strongly encouraged. |
16429 | 793 |
794 A demuxer MUST NOT demux a stream which contains more than one stream, or which | |
795 is wrapped in a structure to facilitate more than one stream or otherwise | |
796 duplicate the role of a container. any such file is to be considered invalid. | |
17798
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|
797 for example vorbis in ogg in nut is invalid, as is |
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798 mpegvideo+mpegaudio in mpeg-ps/ts in nut or dvvideo + dvaudio in dv in nut |
16429 | 799 |
12501 | 800 |
16842
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801 |
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802 Sample code (Public Domain, & untested): |
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803 ======================================== |
9294 | 804 |
805 typedef BufferContext{ | |
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806 uint8_t *buf; |
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807 uint8_t *buf_ptr; |
9294 | 808 }BufferContext; |
809 | |
810 static inline uint64_t get_bytes(BufferContext *bc, int count){ | |
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811 uint64_t val=0; |
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812 |
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813 assert(count>0 && count<9); |
9294 | 814 |
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815 for(i=0; i<count; i++){ |
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816 val <<=8; |
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817 val += *(bc->buf_ptr++); |
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818 } |
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819 |
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820 return val; |
9294 | 821 } |
822 | |
823 static inline void put_bytes(BufferContext *bc, int count, uint64_t val){ | |
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824 uint64_t val=0; |
9294 | 825 |
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826 assert(count>0 && count<9); |
9294 | 827 |
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828 for(i=count-1; i>=0; i--){ |
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829 *(bc->buf_ptr++)= val >> (8*i); |
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830 } |
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831 |
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832 return val; |
9294 | 833 } |
834 | |
10061 | 835 static inline uint64_t get_v(BufferContext *bc){ |
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836 uint64_t val= 0; |
9294 | 837 |
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838 for(; space_left(bc) > 0; ){ |
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839 int tmp= *(bc->buf_ptr++); |
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840 if(tmp&0x80) |
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841 val= (val<<7) + tmp - 0x80; |
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842 else |
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843 return (val<<7) + tmp; |
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844 } |
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845 |
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846 return -1; |
9294 | 847 } |
848 | |
10061 | 849 static inline int put_v(BufferContext *bc, uint64_t val){ |
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850 int i; |
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851 |
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852 if(space_left(bc) < 9) return -1; |
9294 | 853 |
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854 val &= 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFULL; // FIXME can only encode upto 63 bits currently |
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855 for(i=7; ; i+=7){ |
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856 if(val>>i == 0) break; |
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857 } |
9294 | 858 |
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859 for(i-=7; i>0; i-=7){ |
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860 *(bc->buf_ptr++)= 0x80 | (val>>i); |
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861 } |
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862 *(bc->buf_ptr++)= val&0x7F; |
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863 |
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864 return 0; |
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*signed int vlc (needs only 5 lines of code so its no increase of complexity)
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865 } |
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866 |
12333 | 867 static int64_t get_dts(int64_t pts, int64_t *pts_cache, int delay, int reset){ |
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868 if(reset) memset(pts_cache, -1, delay*sizeof(int64_t)); |
12333 | 869 |
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870 while(delay--){ |
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871 int64_t t= pts_cache[delay]; |
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872 if(t < pts){ |
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873 pts_cache[delay]= pts; |
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874 pts= t; |
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875 } |
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876 } |
12333 | 877 |
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878 return pts; |
12333 | 879 } |
880 | |
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881 |
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882 |
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883 Authors: |
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884 ======== |
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885 |
16428 | 886 Folks from the MPlayer developers mailing list (http://www.mplayerhq.hu/). |
887 Authors in alphabetical order: (FIXME! Tell us if we left you out) | |
16843 | 888 Beregszaszi, Alex (alex@fsn.hu) |
889 Bunkus, Moritz (moritz@bunkus.org) | |
890 Diedrich, Tobias (ranma+mplayer@tdiedrich.de) | |
891 Felker, Rich (dalias@aerifal.cx) | |
892 Franz, Fabian (FabianFranz@gmx.de) | |
893 Gereoffy, Arpad (arpi@thot.banki.hu) | |
894 Hess, Andreas (jaska@gmx.net) | |
895 Niedermayer, Michael (michaelni@gmx.at) | |
896 Shimon, Oded (ods15@ods15.dyndns.org) |