Mercurial > mplayer.hg
annotate DOCS/tech/mpcf.txt @ 17872:a05b9e4da7b8
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author | ods15 |
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date | Wed, 15 Mar 2006 16:24:24 +0000 |
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1 ======================================== |
17827 | 2 NUT Open Container Format DRAFT 20060312 |
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3 ======================================== |
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5 | |
6 | |
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7 Intro: |
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8 ====== |
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9 |
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10 Features / goals: |
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11 (supported by the format, not necessarily by a specific implementation) |
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12 |
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13 Simple |
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14 use the same encoding for nearly all fields |
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15 simple decoding, so slow CPUs (and embedded systems) can handle it |
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16 |
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17 Extendible |
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18 no limit for the possible values of all fields (using universal vlc) |
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19 allow adding of new headers in the future |
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20 allow adding more fields at the end of headers |
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21 |
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22 Compact |
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23 ~0.2% overhead, for normal bitrates |
17438 | 24 index is <100kb per hour |
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25 a usual header for a file is about 100 bytes (audio + video headers together) |
17326 | 26 a packet header is about ~1-5 bytes |
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27 |
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28 Error resistant |
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29 seeking / playback without an index |
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30 headers & index can be repeated |
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31 damaged files can be played back with minimal data loss and fast |
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32 resync times |
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33 |
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34 |
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35 |
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36 Definitions: |
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37 ============ |
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38 |
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39 MUST the specific part must be done to conform to this standard |
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40 SHOULD it is recommended to be done that way, but not strictly required |
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41 |
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42 |
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43 |
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44 Syntax: |
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45 ======= |
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16428 | 47 Since NUT heavily uses variable length fields, the simplest way to describe it |
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48 is using a pseudocode approach. |
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49 |
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50 |
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51 |
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52 Conventions: |
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53 ============ |
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54 |
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55 The data types have a name, used in the bitstream syntax description, a short |
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56 text description and a pseudocode (functional) definition, optional notes may |
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57 follow: |
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58 |
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59 name (text description) |
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60 functional definition |
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61 [Optional notes] |
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62 |
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63 The bitstream syntax elements have a tagname and a functional definition, they |
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64 are presented in a bottom up approach, again optional notes may follow and |
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65 are reproduced in the tag description: |
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66 |
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67 name: (optional note) |
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68 functional definition |
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69 [Optional notes] |
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70 |
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71 The in-depth tag description follows the bitstream syntax. |
16428 | 72 The functional definition has a C-like syntax. |
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73 |
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74 |
12209 | 75 |
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76 Type definitions: |
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77 ================= |
12209 | 78 |
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79 f(n) (n fixed bits in big-endian order) |
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80 u(n) (unsigned number encoded in n bits in MSB-first order) |
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81 |
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82 v (variable length value, unsigned) |
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83 value=0 |
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84 do{ |
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85 more_data u(1) |
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86 data u(7) |
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87 value= 128*value + data |
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88 }while(more_data) |
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89 |
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90 s (variable length value, signed) |
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91 temp v |
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92 temp++ |
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93 if(temp&1) value= -(temp>>1) |
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94 else value= (temp>>1) |
9323 | 95 |
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96 b (binary data or string, to be use in vb, see below) |
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97 for(i=0; i<length; i++){ |
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98 data[i] u(8) |
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99 } |
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100 [Note: strings MUST be encoded in UTF-8] |
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102 or at the end of a string.] | |
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104 vb (variable length binary data or string) |
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105 length v |
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106 value b |
12117 | 107 |
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108 t (v coded universal timestamp) |
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109 tmp v |
17872 | 110 id= tmp % time_base_count |
111 value= (tmp / time_base_count) * time_base[id] | |
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113 |
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114 Bitstream syntax: |
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115 ================= |
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116 |
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117 Common elements: |
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118 ---------------- |
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119 |
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120 reserved_bytes: |
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121 for(i=0; i<forward_ptr - length_of_non_reserved; i++) |
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122 reserved u(8) |
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123 [a demuxer MUST ignore any reserved bytes |
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124 a muxer MUST NOT write any reserved bytes, as this would make it |
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125 impossible to add new fields at the end of packets in the future |
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126 in a compatible way] |
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127 |
17845 | 128 packet_header |
129 startcode f(64) | |
130 forward_ptr v | |
131 if(forward_ptr > 4096) | |
132 header_checksum u(32) | |
133 | |
134 packet_footer | |
135 reserved_bytes | |
136 checksum u(32) | |
137 | |
138 reserved_headers | |
139 while(next_byte == 'N' && next_code != main_startcode | |
140 && next_code != stream_startcode | |
141 && next_code != info_startcode | |
142 && next_code != index_startcode | |
143 && next_code != syncpoint_startcode){ | |
144 packet_header | |
145 packet_footer | |
146 } | |
147 | |
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148 Headers: |
10824 | 149 |
9294 | 150 main header: |
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151 version v |
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152 stream_count v |
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153 max_distance v |
17872 | 154 time_base_count v |
155 for(i=0; i<time_base_count; i++) | |
156 time_base_nom v | |
157 time_base_denom v | |
158 time_base[i]= time_base_nom/time_base_denom | |
17437 | 159 tmp_pts=0 |
160 tmp_mul=1 | |
161 tmp_stream=0 | |
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162 for(i=0; i<256; ){ |
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163 tmp_flag v |
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164 tmp_fields v |
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165 if(tmp_fields>0) tmp_pts s |
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166 if(tmp_fields>1) tmp_mul v |
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167 if(tmp_fields>2) tmp_stream v |
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168 if(tmp_fields>3) tmp_size v |
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169 else tmp_size=0 |
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170 if(tmp_fields>4) tmp_res v |
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171 else tmp_res=0 |
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172 if(tmp_fields>5) count v |
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173 else count= tmp_mul - tmp_size |
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174 for(j=6; j<tmp_fields; j++){ |
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175 tmp_reserved[i] v |
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176 } |
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177 for(j=0; j<count && i<256; j++, i++){ |
17612 | 178 if (i == 'N') { |
17718 | 179 flags[i]= FLAG_INVALID; |
17612 | 180 j--; |
181 continue; | |
182 } | |
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183 flags[i]= tmp_flag; |
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184 stream_id_plus1[i]= tmp_stream; |
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185 data_size_mul[i]= tmp_mul; |
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186 data_size_lsb[i]= tmp_size + j; |
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187 pts_delta[i]= tmp_pts; |
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188 reserved_count[i]= tmp_res; |
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189 } |
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190 } |
9294 | 191 |
192 stream_header: | |
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193 stream_id v |
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194 stream_class v |
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195 fourcc vb |
17872 | 196 time_base_id v |
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197 msb_pts_shift v |
17577 | 198 max_pts_distance v |
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199 decode_delay v |
17671 | 200 reserved u(7) |
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201 fixed_fps u(1) |
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202 codec_specific_data vb |
17640 | 203 if(stream_class == video){ |
204 width v | |
205 height v | |
206 sample_width v | |
207 sample_height v | |
208 colorspace_type v | |
209 }else if(stream_class == audio){ | |
210 samplerate_nom v | |
211 samplerate_denom v | |
212 channel_count v | |
213 } | |
16429 | 214 |
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215 Basic Packets: |
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216 |
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217 frame: |
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218 frame_code f(8) |
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219 if(stream_id_plus1[frame_code]==0){ |
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220 stream_id v |
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221 } |
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222 if(pts_delta[frame_code]==0){ |
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223 coded_pts v |
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224 } |
17718 | 225 frame_flags= flags[frame_code] |
226 if(frame_flags&FLAG_CODED){ | |
227 coded_flags v | |
228 frame_flags ^= coded_flags | |
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229 } |
17718 | 230 if(frame_flags&FLAG_SIZE_MSB){ |
231 data_size_msb v | |
17437 | 232 } |
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233 for(i=0; i<reserved_count[frame_code]; i++) |
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234 reserved v |
17723 | 235 if(frame_flags&FLAG_CHECKSUM){ |
17711 | 236 checksum u(32) |
17584 | 237 } |
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238 data |
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239 |
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240 index: |
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241 max_pts t |
17438 | 242 syncpoints v |
17720 | 243 for(i=0; i<syncpoints; i++){ |
17800 | 244 syncpoint_pos_div16 v |
17438 | 245 } |
246 for(i=0; i<stream_count; i++){ | |
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247 last_pts= -1 |
17720 | 248 for(j=0; j<syncpoints; ){ |
17438 | 249 x v |
250 type= x & 1 | |
251 x>>=1 | |
17455 | 252 n=j |
17438 | 253 if(type){ |
254 flag= x & 1 | |
255 x>>=1 | |
256 while(x--) | |
17455 | 257 has_keyframe[n++][i]=flag |
258 has_keyframe[n++][i]=!flag; | |
17438 | 259 }else{ |
260 while(x != 1){ | |
17455 | 261 has_keyframe[n++][i]=x&1; |
17438 | 262 x>>=1; |
263 } | |
264 } | |
17455 | 265 for(; j<n && j<syncpoints; j++){ |
266 if (!has_keyframe[j][i]) continue | |
267 A v | |
17531 | 268 if(!A){ |
269 A v | |
270 B v | |
271 eor_pts[j][i] = last_pts + A + B | |
272 }else | |
273 B=0 | |
274 keyframe_pts[j][i] = last_pts + A | |
275 last_pts += A + B | |
17455 | 276 } |
17438 | 277 } |
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278 } |
17726 | 279 last 8 reserved_bytes of index: |
280 index_ptr u(64) | |
9294 | 281 |
17711 | 282 info_packet: |
17669 | 283 stream_id_plus1 v |
284 chapter_id v | |
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285 chapter_start t |
17708 | 286 chapter_len v |
17669 | 287 count v |
288 for(i=0; i<count; i++){ | |
289 name vb | |
290 value s | |
291 if (value==-1){ | |
292 type= "UTF-8" | |
293 value vb | |
294 }else if (value==-2){ | |
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295 type vb |
17669 | 296 value vb |
297 }else if (value==-3){ | |
17685 | 298 type= "s" |
17326 | 299 value s |
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300 }else if (value==-4){ |
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301 type= "t" |
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302 value t |
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303 }else if (value<-4){ |
17685 | 304 type= "r" |
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305 value.den= -value-4 |
17669 | 306 value.num s |
307 }else{ | |
17685 | 308 type= "v" |
17669 | 309 } |
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310 } |
16506 | 311 |
17326 | 312 syncpoint: |
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313 global_key_pts t |
17800 | 314 back_ptr_div16 v |
12413 | 315 |
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316 Complete definition: |
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317 |
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318 file: |
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319 file_id_string |
17726 | 320 while(!eof){ |
17711 | 321 if(next_byte == 'N'){ |
17773 | 322 packet_header |
17711 | 323 switch(startcode){ |
324 case main_startcode: main_header; break; | |
325 case stream_startcode:stream_header; break; | |
326 case info_startcode: info_packet; break; | |
327 case index_startcode: index; break; | |
328 case syncpoint_startcode: syncpoint; break; | |
329 } | |
17773 | 330 packet_footer |
17711 | 331 }else |
332 frame | |
333 } | |
334 | |
335 the structure of a undamaged file should look like the following, but | |
336 demuxers should be flexible and be able to deal with damaged headers so the | |
337 above is a better loop in practice (not to mention its simpler) | |
338 note, demuxers MUST be able to deal with new and unknown headers | |
339 | |
340 file: | |
341 file_id_string | |
17726 | 342 while(!eof){ |
17711 | 343 packet_header, main_header, packet_footer |
344 reserved_headers | |
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345 for(i=0; i<stream_count; i++){ |
17711 | 346 packet_header, stream_header, packet_footer |
347 reserved_headers | |
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348 } |
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349 while(next_code == info_startcode){ |
17711 | 350 packet_header, info_packet, packet_footer |
351 reserved_headers | |
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352 } |
17726 | 353 if(next_code == index_startcode){ |
17711 | 354 packet_header, index_packet, packet_footer |
17533 | 355 } |
17726 | 356 if (!eof) while(next_code != main_startcode){ |
17711 | 357 if(next_code == syncpoint_startcode){ |
358 packet_header, syncpoint, packet_footer | |
359 } | |
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360 frame |
17711 | 361 reserved_headers |
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362 } |
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363 } |
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364 |
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365 |
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366 Tag description: |
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367 ---------------- |
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368 |
12242 | 369 file_id_string |
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370 "nut/multimedia container\0" |
9323 | 371 |
372 *_startcode | |
12162 | 373 all startcodes start with 'N' |
374 | |
375 main_startcode | |
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376 0x7A561F5F04ADULL + (((uint64_t)('N'<<8) + 'M')<<48) |
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377 |
12162 | 378 stream_starcode |
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379 0x11405BF2F9DBULL + (((uint64_t)('N'<<8) + 'S')<<48) |
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380 |
17326 | 381 syncpoint_startcode |
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382 0xE4ADEECA4569ULL + (((uint64_t)('N'<<8) + 'K')<<48) |
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383 |
12162 | 384 index_startcode |
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385 0xDD672F23E64EULL + (((uint64_t)('N'<<8) + 'X')<<48) |
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386 |
12162 | 387 info_startcode |
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388 0xAB68B596BA78ULL + (((uint64_t)('N'<<8) + 'I')<<48) |
9294 | 389 |
390 version | |
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391 NUT version. The current value is 2. |
12238 | 392 |
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393 forward_ptr |
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394 size of the packet data (exactly the distance from the first byte |
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395 after the packet_header to the first byte of the next packet) |
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396 |
12333 | 397 max_distance |
17326 | 398 max distance of syncpoints, the distance may only be larger if |
399 there is no more than a single frame between the two syncpoints. This can | |
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400 be used by the demuxer to detect damaged frame headers if the damage |
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401 results in too long of a chain |
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402 |
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403 syncpoints SHOULD be placed immediately before a keyframe if the |
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404 previous frame of the same stream was a non-keyframe, unless such |
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405 non-keyframe - keyframe transitions are very frequent |
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406 |
17722 | 407 SHOULD be set to <=32768 |
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408 if the stored value is >65536 then max_distance MUST be set to 65536 |
12501 | 409 |
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410 This is also half the max frame size without a checksum after the |
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411 frameheader. |
17799 | 412 |
413 | |
17577 | 414 max_pts_distance |
415 max absoloute difference of pts of new frame from last_pts in the | |
17711 | 416 timebase of the stream, without a checksum after the frameheader |
417 Note that last_pts is not necessarily the pts of the last frame | |
17577 | 418 on the same stream, as it is altered by syncpoint timestamps. |
17801 | 419 SHOULD NOT be higher than 1/timebase |
17577 | 420 |
16429 | 421 stream_id |
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422 Stream identifier |
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423 stream_id MUST be < stream_count |
9294 | 424 |
425 stream_class | |
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426 0 video |
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427 1 audio |
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428 2 subtiles |
17793 | 429 3 userdata |
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430 Note: the remaining values are reserved and MUST NOT be used |
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431 a demuxer MUST ignore streams with reserved classes |
9294 | 432 |
433 fourcc | |
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434 identification for the codec |
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435 example: "H264" |
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436 MUST contain 2 or 4 bytes, note, this might be increased in the future |
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437 if needed |
9294 | 438 |
9297 | 439 time_base_nom / time_base_denom = time_base |
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440 the length of a timer tick in seconds, this MUST be equal to the 1/fps |
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441 if fixed_fps is 1 |
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442 time_base_nom and time_base_denom MUST NOT be 0 |
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443 time_base_nom and time_base_denom MUST be relatively prime |
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444 time_base_denom MUST be < 2^31 |
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445 examples: |
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446 fps time_base_nom time_base_denom |
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447 30 1 30 |
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448 29.97 1001 30000 |
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449 23.976 1001 24000 |
9294 | 450 |
17872 | 451 time_base_id |
452 id to time_base table | |
453 | |
17328 | 454 convert_ts |
455 To switch from 2 different timebases, the following calculation is | |
456 defined: | |
12413 | 457 |
17328 | 458 ln = from_time_base_nom*to_time_base_denom |
459 sn = from_timestamp | |
460 d1 = from_time_base_denom | |
461 d2 = to_time_base_nom | |
462 timestamp = (ln/d1*sn + ln%d1*sn/d1)/d2 | |
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463 Note: this calculation MUST be done with unsigned 64 bit integers, and |
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464 is equivalent to (ln*sn)/(d1*d2) but this would require a 96bit integer |
12413 | 465 |
17532 | 466 compare_ts |
467 Compares timestamps from 2 different timebases, | |
468 if a is before b then compare_ts(a, b) = -1 | |
469 if a is after b then compare_ts(a, b) = 1 | |
470 else compare_ts(a, b) = 0 | |
471 | |
472 Care must be taken that this is done exactly with no rounding errors, | |
473 simply casting to float or double and doing the obvious | |
474 a*timebase > b*timebase is not compliant or correct, neither is the | |
475 same with integers, and | |
476 a*a_timebase.num*b_timebase.den > b*b_timebase.num*a_timebase.den | |
477 will overflow. One possible implementation which shouldn't overflow | |
478 within the range of legal timestamps and timebases is: | |
479 | |
480 if (convert_ts(a, a_timebase, b_timebase) < b) return -1; | |
481 if (convert_ts(b, b_timebase, a_timebase) < a) return 1; | |
482 return 0; | |
483 | |
16429 | 484 msb_pts_shift |
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485 amount of bits in lsb_pts |
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486 MUST be <16 |
9294 | 487 |
12333 | 488 decode_delay |
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489 maximum time between input and output for a codec, used to generate |
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490 dts from pts |
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491 is set to 0 for streams without B-frames, and set to 1 for streams with |
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492 B-frames, may be larger for future codecs |
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493 decode_delay MUST NOT be set higher than necessary for a codec. |
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494 |
9294 | 495 fixed_fps |
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496 1 indicates that the fps is fixed |
9294 | 497 |
9356 | 498 codec_specific_data |
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499 private global data for a codec (could be huffman tables or ...) |
12082 | 500 |
501 frame_code | |
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502 the meaning of this byte is stored in the main header |
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503 the value 78 ('N') is forbidden to ensure that the byte is always |
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504 different from the first byte of any startcode |
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505 a muxer SHOULD mark 0x00 and 0xFF as invalid to improve error |
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506 detection |
9420 | 507 |
17718 | 508 flags[frame_code], frame_flags |
17437 | 509 Bit Name Description |
17809 | 510 1 FLAG_KEY if set, frame is keyframe |
511 2 FLAG_EOR if set, stream has no relevance on | |
17824 | 512 presentation. (EOR) |
17809 | 513 32 FLAG_SIZE_MSB if set, data_size_msb is at frame header, |
514 otherwise data_size_msb is 0 | |
515 64 FLAG_CHECKSUM if set then the frame header contains a checksum | |
516 4096 FLAG_CODED if set, coded_flags are stored in the frame header. | |
517 8192 FLAG_INVALID if set, frame_code is invalid. | |
17437 | 518 |
519 EOR frames MUST be zero-length and must be set keyframe. | |
520 All streams SHOULD end with EOR, where the pts of the EOR indicates the | |
521 end presentation time of the final frame. | |
522 An EOR set stream is unset by the first content frames. | |
17551 | 523 EOR can only be unset in streams with zero decode_delay . |
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524 FLAG_CHECKSUM MUST be set if the frame is larger than 2*max_distance or |
17730 | 525 its pts differs by more then max_pts_distance from the last frame |
12110
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526 |
12084
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527 stream_id_plus1[frame_code] |
17826 | 528 MUST be <250 |
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529 if it is 0, then the stream_id is coded in the frame |
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530 |
12082 | 531 data_size_mul[frame_code] |
17826 | 532 MUST be <16384 |
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533 |
12082 | 534 data_size_lsb[frame_code] |
17826 | 535 MUST be <16384 |
12082 | 536 |
16429 | 537 pts_delta[frame_code] |
17826 | 538 MUST be <16384 and >-16384 |
12413 | 539 |
17640 | 540 reserved_count[frame_code] |
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541 MUST be <256 |
17640 | 542 |
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543 data_size |
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544 data_size= data_size_lsb + data_size_msb*data_size_mul; |
12082 | 545 |
16429 | 546 coded_pts |
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547 if coded_pts < (1<<msb_pts_shift) then it is an lsb |
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548 pts, otherwise it is a full pts + (1<<msb_pts_shift) |
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549 lsb pts is converted to a full pts by: |
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550 mask = (1<<msb_pts_shift)-1; |
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551 delta = last_pts - mask/2 |
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552 pts = ((pts_lsb-delta)&mask) + delta |
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553 |
16429 | 554 lsb_pts |
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555 least significant bits of the pts in time_base precision |
9294 | 556 Example: IBBP display order |
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557 keyframe pts=0 -> pts=0 |
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558 frame lsb_pts=3 -> pts=3 |
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559 frame lsb_pts=1 -> pts=1 |
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560 frame lsb_pts=2 -> pts=2 |
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561 ... |
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562 keyframe msb_pts=257 -> pts=257 |
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563 frame lsb_pts=255 -> pts=255 |
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564 frame lsb_pts=0 -> pts=256 |
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565 frame lsb_pts=4 -> pts=260 |
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566 frame lsb_pts=2 -> pts=258 |
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567 frame lsb_pts=3 -> pts=259 |
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568 all pts's of keyframes of a single stream MUST be monotone |
9294 | 569 |
12333 | 570 dts |
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571 dts is calculated by using a decode_delay+1 sized buffer for each |
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572 stream, into which the current pts is inserted and the element with |
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573 the smallest value is removed, this is then the current dts |
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574 this buffer is initalized with decode_delay -1 elements |
17327 | 575 |
576 Pts of all frames in all streams MUST be bigger or equal to dts of all | |
17437 | 577 previous frames in all streams, compared in common timebase. (EOR |
578 frames are NOT exempt from this rule) | |
12333 | 579 |
9294 | 580 width/height |
17730 | 581 MUST be set to the coded width/height, MUST NOT be 0 |
9294 | 582 |
583 sample_width/sample_height (aspect ratio) | |
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584 sample_width is the horizontal distance between samples |
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585 sample_width and sample_height MUST be relatively prime if not zero |
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586 both MUST be 0 if unknown otherwise both MUST be non zero |
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587 |
10158
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588 colorspace_type |
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589 0 unknown |
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590 1 ITU Rec 624 / ITU Rec 601 Y range: 16..235 Cb/Cr range: 16..240 |
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591 2 ITU Rec 709 Y range: 16..235 Cb/Cr range: 16..240 |
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592 17 ITU Rec 624 / ITU Rec 601 Y range: 0..255 Cb/Cr range: 0..255 |
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593 18 ITU Rec 709 Y range: 0..255 Cb/Cr range: 0..255 |
10166 | 594 |
12333 | 595 samplerate_nom / samplerate_denom = samplerate |
17730 | 596 the number of samples per second, MUST NOT be 0 |
9294 | 597 |
17683 | 598 crc32 checksum |
17710 | 599 Generator polynomial is 0x104C11DB7. Starting value is zero. |
17683 | 600 |
9294 | 601 checksum |
17577 | 602 crc32 checksum |
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603 checksum is calculated for the area pointed to by forward_ptr not |
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604 including the checksum itself (from first byte after the |
17808
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605 packet_header until last byte before the checksum). |
17711 | 606 for frame headers the checksum contains the framecode byte and all |
607 following bytes upto the checksum itself | |
9294 | 608 |
17792 | 609 header_checksum |
610 checksum over the startcode and forward pointer | |
611 | |
17640 | 612 Syncpoint tags: |
613 --------------- | |
614 | |
17800 | 615 back_ptr_div16 |
616 back_ptr = back_ptr_div16 * 16 + 15 | |
617 back_ptr must point to a position within 16 bytes of a syncpoint | |
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618 startcode. This syncpoint MUST be the closest syncpoint such that at |
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619 least one keyframe with a pts lower or equal to the original syncpoint's |
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620 global_key_pts for all streams lies between it and the current syncpoint. |
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621 |
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622 A stream where EOR is set is to be ignored for back_ptr. |
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623 |
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624 global_key_pts |
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625 After a syncpoint, last_pts of each stream is to be set to: |
17872 | 626 last_pts[i] = convert_ts(global_key_pts, time_base[id], time_base[i]) |
17439
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627 |
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628 global_key_pts MUST be bigger or equal to dts of all past frames across |
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629 all streams, and smaller or equal to pts of all future frames. |
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630 |
17640 | 631 Index tags: |
632 ----------- | |
633 | |
16429 | 634 max_pts |
17796
6edc4492b777
universal timestamp (= stream_id + timestamp in stream timebase)
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635 The highest pts in the entire file |
9294 | 636 |
17800 | 637 syncpoint_pos_div16 |
638 offset from begginning of file to up to 15 bytes before the syncpoint | |
17438 | 639 referred to in this index entry. Relative to position of last |
640 syncpoint. | |
641 | |
642 has_keyframe | |
643 indicates whether this stream has a keyframe between this syncpoint and | |
644 the last syncpoint. | |
645 | |
646 keyframe_pts | |
647 The pts of the first keyframe for this stream in the region between the | |
17531 | 648 2 syncpoints, in the stream's timebase. (EOR frames are also keyframes) |
649 | |
650 eor_pts | |
651 Coded only if EOR is set at the position of the syncpoint. The pts of | |
652 that EOR. EOR is unset by the first keyframe after it. | |
9294 | 653 |
16429 | 654 index_ptr |
17726 | 655 Length in bytes of the entire index, from the first byte of the |
656 startcode until the last byte of the checksum. | |
657 Note: A demuxer can use this to find the index when it is written at | |
658 EOF, as index_ptr will always be 12 bytes before the end of file if | |
659 there is an index at all. | |
660 | |
16429 | 661 |
17640 | 662 Info tags: |
663 ---------- | |
664 | |
17669 | 665 stream_id_plus1 |
666 Stream this info packet applies to. If zero, packet applies to whole | |
667 file. | |
668 | |
669 chapter_id | |
670 Id of chapter this packet applies to. If zero, packet applies to whole | |
671 file. Positive chapter_id's are real chapters and MUST NOT overlap. | |
672 Negative chapter_id indicate a sub region of file and not a real | |
673 chapter. chapter_id MUST be unique to the region it represents. | |
17711 | 674 chapter_id n MUST not be used unless there are at least n chapters in the |
675 file | |
17669 | 676 |
677 chapter_start | |
17796
6edc4492b777
universal timestamp (= stream_id + timestamp in stream timebase)
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678 timestamp of start of chapter |
17669 | 679 |
680 chapter_len | |
681 Length of chapter in same timebase of chapter_start. | |
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682 |
9323 | 683 type |
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684 for example: "UTF8" -> string or "JPEG" -> JPEG image |
17685 | 685 "v" -> unsigned integer |
686 "s" -> signed integer | |
687 "r" -> rational | |
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688 Note: nonstandard fields should be prefixed by "X-" |
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689 Note: MUST be less than 6 byte long (might be increased to 64 later) |
9323 | 690 |
13308
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691 info packet types |
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692 the name of the info entry, valid names are |
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693 "Author" |
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694 "Description" |
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695 "Copyright" |
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696 "Encoder" |
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697 the name & version of the software used for encoding |
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698 "Title" |
17669 | 699 "Cover" (allowed types are "PNG" and "JPEG") |
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700 image of the (CD, DVD, VHS, ..) cover (preferably PNG or JPEG) |
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701 "Source" |
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702 "DVD", "VCD", "CD", "MD", "FM radio", "VHS", "TV", "LD" |
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703 Optional: appended PAL, NTSC, SECAM, ... in parentheses |
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704 "CaptureDevice" |
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705 "BT878", "BT848", "webcam", ... (more exact names are fine too) |
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706 "CreationTime" |
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707 "2003-01-20 20:13:15Z", ... |
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708 (ISO 8601 format, see http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/iso-time.html) |
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709 Note: do not forget the timezone |
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710 "Keywords" |
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711 "Language" |
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712 ISO 639 and ISO 3166 for language/country code |
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713 something like "eng" (US english), can be 0 if unknown |
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714 and "multi" if several languages |
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715 see http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/englangn.html |
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716 and http://www.din.de/gremien/nas/nabd/iso3166ma/codlstp1/en_listp1.html |
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717 the language code |
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718 "Disposition" |
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719 "original", "dub" (translated), "comment", "lyrics", "karaoke" |
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720 Note: if someone needs some others, please tell us about them, so we |
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721 can add them to the official standard (if they are sane) |
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722 Note: nonstandard fields should be prefixed by "X-" |
17686 | 723 Note: names of fields SHOULD be in English if a word with the same |
17653 | 724 meaning exists in English |
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725 Note: MUST be less than 64 bytes long |
9295 | 726 |
727 value | |
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728 value of this name/type pair |
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729 |
9310 | 730 stuffing |
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731 0x80 can be placed in front of any type v entry for stuffing purposes |
17797
b1d80d05eaa8
limit stuffing to prevent header_checksum from endup being useless due to a gb of 0x80 after a 'N'
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732 except the forward_ptr and all fields in the frame header where a |
b1d80d05eaa8
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733 maximum of 8 stuffing bytes per field are allowed |
9294 | 734 |
16842
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735 |
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|
736 Structure: |
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737 ---------- |
9294 | 738 |
739 the headers MUST be in exactly the following order (to simplify demuxer design) | |
740 main header | |
741 stream_header (id=0) | |
742 stream_header (id=1) | |
743 ... | |
744 stream_header (id=n) | |
745 | |
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746 headers may be repeated, but if they are, then they MUST all be repeated |
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747 together and repeated headers MUST be identical |
17547 | 748 |
749 Each set of repeated headers not at the beginning or end of the file SHOULD | |
750 be stored at the earliest possible position after 2^x where x is | |
15008
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751 an integer and the file end, so the headers may be repeated at 4102 if that is |
0a43341c8bfd
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752 the closest position after 2^12=4096 at which the headers can be placed |
9294 | 753 |
17547 | 754 Note: this allows an implementation reading the file to locate backup |
755 headers in O(log filesize) time as opposed to O(filesize) | |
756 | |
15008
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757 headers MUST be placed at least at the start of the file and immediately before |
12501 | 758 the index or at the file end if there is no index |
16428 | 759 headers MUST be repeated at least twice (so they exist three times in a file) |
9295 | 760 |
16685 | 761 there MUST be a sync point immediately before the first frame after any headers |
12503 | 762 |
16842
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763 |
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764 Index: |
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765 ------ |
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766 |
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767 Note: with realtime streaming, there is no end, so no index there either |
17533 | 768 Index MAY only be repeated after main headers. |
17726 | 769 If an index is written anywhere in the file, it MUST be written at end of |
770 file as well. | |
9310 | 771 |
16842
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772 |
17669 | 773 Info: |
774 ----- | |
775 | |
17771 | 776 If a info packet is stored anywhere then a muxer MUST also store an identical |
777 info packet after every main-stream-header set | |
9310 | 778 |
17771 | 779 If a demuxer has seen several info packets with the same chapter_id and |
780 stream_id then it MUST ignore all but the one with the highest position in | |
781 the file | |
17669 | 782 |
17771 | 783 demxuxers SHOULD not search the whole file for info packets |
16842
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784 |
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785 demuxer (non-normative): |
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786 ------------------------ |
12501 | 787 |
16428 | 788 in the absence of a valid header at the beginning, players SHOULD search for |
789 backup headers starting at offset 2^x; for each x players SHOULD end their | |
790 search at a particular offset when any startcode is found (including syncpoint) | |
12501 | 791 |
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792 |
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793 |
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794 Semantic requirements: |
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|
795 ====================== |
16429 | 796 |
17018
baf593fcf738
Change MUST to SHOULD have disposition and if applicable language tags.
al
parents:
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diff
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|
797 If more than one stream of a given stream class is present, each one SHOULD |
16429 | 798 have info tags specifying disposition, and if applicable, language. |
17018
baf593fcf738
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799 It often highly improves usability and is therefore strongly encouraged. |
16429 | 800 |
801 A demuxer MUST NOT demux a stream which contains more than one stream, or which | |
802 is wrapped in a structure to facilitate more than one stream or otherwise | |
803 duplicate the role of a container. any such file is to be considered invalid. | |
17798
2d02868030f0
double muxing examples (cant hurt to explictly mention the most common)
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diff
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|
804 for example vorbis in ogg in nut is invalid, as is |
2d02868030f0
double muxing examples (cant hurt to explictly mention the most common)
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17797
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|
805 mpegvideo+mpegaudio in mpeg-ps/ts in nut or dvvideo + dvaudio in dv in nut |
16429 | 806 |
12501 | 807 |
16842
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808 |
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|
809 Sample code (Public Domain, & untested): |
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810 ======================================== |
9294 | 811 |
812 typedef BufferContext{ | |
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813 uint8_t *buf; |
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814 uint8_t *buf_ptr; |
9294 | 815 }BufferContext; |
816 | |
817 static inline uint64_t get_bytes(BufferContext *bc, int count){ | |
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818 uint64_t val=0; |
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819 |
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820 assert(count>0 && count<9); |
9294 | 821 |
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822 for(i=0; i<count; i++){ |
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823 val <<=8; |
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824 val += *(bc->buf_ptr++); |
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825 } |
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826 |
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827 return val; |
9294 | 828 } |
829 | |
830 static inline void put_bytes(BufferContext *bc, int count, uint64_t val){ | |
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831 uint64_t val=0; |
9294 | 832 |
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833 assert(count>0 && count<9); |
9294 | 834 |
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835 for(i=count-1; i>=0; i--){ |
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836 *(bc->buf_ptr++)= val >> (8*i); |
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837 } |
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838 |
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839 return val; |
9294 | 840 } |
841 | |
10061 | 842 static inline uint64_t get_v(BufferContext *bc){ |
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843 uint64_t val= 0; |
9294 | 844 |
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845 for(; space_left(bc) > 0; ){ |
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846 int tmp= *(bc->buf_ptr++); |
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847 if(tmp&0x80) |
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848 val= (val<<7) + tmp - 0x80; |
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849 else |
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850 return (val<<7) + tmp; |
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851 } |
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852 |
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853 return -1; |
9294 | 854 } |
855 | |
10061 | 856 static inline int put_v(BufferContext *bc, uint64_t val){ |
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857 int i; |
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858 |
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859 if(space_left(bc) < 9) return -1; |
9294 | 860 |
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861 val &= 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFULL; // FIXME can only encode upto 63 bits currently |
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862 for(i=7; ; i+=7){ |
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863 if(val>>i == 0) break; |
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864 } |
9294 | 865 |
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866 for(i-=7; i>0; i-=7){ |
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867 *(bc->buf_ptr++)= 0x80 | (val>>i); |
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868 } |
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869 *(bc->buf_ptr++)= val&0x7F; |
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870 |
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871 return 0; |
9579
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*signed int vlc (needs only 5 lines of code so its no increase of complexity)
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872 } |
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*signed int vlc (needs only 5 lines of code so its no increase of complexity)
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873 |
12333 | 874 static int64_t get_dts(int64_t pts, int64_t *pts_cache, int delay, int reset){ |
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875 if(reset) memset(pts_cache, -1, delay*sizeof(int64_t)); |
12333 | 876 |
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877 while(delay--){ |
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878 int64_t t= pts_cache[delay]; |
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879 if(t < pts){ |
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880 pts_cache[delay]= pts; |
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881 pts= t; |
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882 } |
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883 } |
12333 | 884 |
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885 return pts; |
12333 | 886 } |
887 | |
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Reformat section titles so that it becomes easier to tell sections and
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888 |
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889 |
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890 Authors: |
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891 ======== |
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some changes (michael: is the colorspace_type field needed?)
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892 |
16428 | 893 Folks from the MPlayer developers mailing list (http://www.mplayerhq.hu/). |
894 Authors in alphabetical order: (FIXME! Tell us if we left you out) | |
16843 | 895 Beregszaszi, Alex (alex@fsn.hu) |
896 Bunkus, Moritz (moritz@bunkus.org) | |
897 Diedrich, Tobias (ranma+mplayer@tdiedrich.de) | |
898 Felker, Rich (dalias@aerifal.cx) | |
899 Franz, Fabian (FabianFranz@gmx.de) | |
900 Gereoffy, Arpad (arpi@thot.banki.hu) | |
901 Hess, Andreas (jaska@gmx.net) | |
902 Niedermayer, Michael (michaelni@gmx.at) | |
903 Shimon, Oded (ods15@ods15.dyndns.org) |