Mercurial > mplayer.hg
annotate DOCS/tech/mpcf.txt @ 17873:1ea882991bb4
rephrase index_ptr positioning
author | ods15 |
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date | Wed, 15 Mar 2006 16:28:31 +0000 |
parents | a05b9e4da7b8 |
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1 ======================================== |
17827 | 2 NUT Open Container Format DRAFT 20060312 |
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3 ======================================== |
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5 | |
6 | |
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7 Intro: |
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8 ====== |
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9 |
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10 Features / goals: |
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11 (supported by the format, not necessarily by a specific implementation) |
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12 |
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13 Simple |
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14 use the same encoding for nearly all fields |
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15 simple decoding, so slow CPUs (and embedded systems) can handle it |
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16 |
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17 Extendible |
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18 no limit for the possible values of all fields (using universal vlc) |
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19 allow adding of new headers in the future |
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20 allow adding more fields at the end of headers |
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21 |
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22 Compact |
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23 ~0.2% overhead, for normal bitrates |
17438 | 24 index is <100kb per hour |
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25 a usual header for a file is about 100 bytes (audio + video headers together) |
17326 | 26 a packet header is about ~1-5 bytes |
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27 |
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28 Error resistant |
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29 seeking / playback without an index |
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30 headers & index can be repeated |
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31 damaged files can be played back with minimal data loss and fast |
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32 resync times |
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33 |
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34 |
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35 |
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36 Definitions: |
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37 ============ |
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38 |
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39 MUST the specific part must be done to conform to this standard |
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40 SHOULD it is recommended to be done that way, but not strictly required |
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41 |
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42 |
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43 |
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44 Syntax: |
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45 ======= |
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16428 | 47 Since NUT heavily uses variable length fields, the simplest way to describe it |
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48 is using a pseudocode approach. |
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49 |
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50 |
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51 |
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52 Conventions: |
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53 ============ |
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54 |
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55 The data types have a name, used in the bitstream syntax description, a short |
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56 text description and a pseudocode (functional) definition, optional notes may |
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57 follow: |
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58 |
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59 name (text description) |
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60 functional definition |
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61 [Optional notes] |
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62 |
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63 The bitstream syntax elements have a tagname and a functional definition, they |
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64 are presented in a bottom up approach, again optional notes may follow and |
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65 are reproduced in the tag description: |
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66 |
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67 name: (optional note) |
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68 functional definition |
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69 [Optional notes] |
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70 |
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71 The in-depth tag description follows the bitstream syntax. |
16428 | 72 The functional definition has a C-like syntax. |
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73 |
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74 |
12209 | 75 |
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76 Type definitions: |
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77 ================= |
12209 | 78 |
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79 f(n) (n fixed bits in big-endian order) |
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80 u(n) (unsigned number encoded in n bits in MSB-first order) |
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81 |
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82 v (variable length value, unsigned) |
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83 value=0 |
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84 do{ |
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85 more_data u(1) |
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86 data u(7) |
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87 value= 128*value + data |
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88 }while(more_data) |
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89 |
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90 s (variable length value, signed) |
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91 temp v |
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92 temp++ |
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93 if(temp&1) value= -(temp>>1) |
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94 else value= (temp>>1) |
9323 | 95 |
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96 b (binary data or string, to be use in vb, see below) |
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97 for(i=0; i<length; i++){ |
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98 data[i] u(8) |
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99 } |
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100 [Note: strings MUST be encoded in UTF-8] |
17835 | 101 [Note: the character NUL (U+0000) is not legal within |
102 or at the end of a string.] | |
9295 | 103 |
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104 vb (variable length binary data or string) |
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105 length v |
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106 value b |
12117 | 107 |
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108 t (v coded universal timestamp) |
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109 tmp v |
17872 | 110 id= tmp % time_base_count |
111 value= (tmp / time_base_count) * time_base[id] | |
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113 |
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114 Bitstream syntax: |
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115 ================= |
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116 |
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117 Common elements: |
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118 ---------------- |
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119 |
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120 reserved_bytes: |
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121 for(i=0; i<forward_ptr - length_of_non_reserved; i++) |
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122 reserved u(8) |
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123 [a demuxer MUST ignore any reserved bytes |
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124 a muxer MUST NOT write any reserved bytes, as this would make it |
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125 impossible to add new fields at the end of packets in the future |
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126 in a compatible way] |
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127 |
17845 | 128 packet_header |
129 startcode f(64) | |
130 forward_ptr v | |
131 if(forward_ptr > 4096) | |
132 header_checksum u(32) | |
133 | |
134 packet_footer | |
135 reserved_bytes | |
136 checksum u(32) | |
17873 | 137 [Note: in index packet, reserved_bytes comes before index_ptr] |
17845 | 138 |
139 reserved_headers | |
140 while(next_byte == 'N' && next_code != main_startcode | |
141 && next_code != stream_startcode | |
142 && next_code != info_startcode | |
143 && next_code != index_startcode | |
144 && next_code != syncpoint_startcode){ | |
145 packet_header | |
146 packet_footer | |
147 } | |
148 | |
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149 Headers: |
10824 | 150 |
9294 | 151 main header: |
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152 version v |
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153 stream_count v |
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154 max_distance v |
17872 | 155 time_base_count v |
156 for(i=0; i<time_base_count; i++) | |
157 time_base_nom v | |
158 time_base_denom v | |
159 time_base[i]= time_base_nom/time_base_denom | |
17437 | 160 tmp_pts=0 |
161 tmp_mul=1 | |
162 tmp_stream=0 | |
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163 for(i=0; i<256; ){ |
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164 tmp_flag v |
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165 tmp_fields v |
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166 if(tmp_fields>0) tmp_pts s |
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167 if(tmp_fields>1) tmp_mul v |
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168 if(tmp_fields>2) tmp_stream v |
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169 if(tmp_fields>3) tmp_size v |
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170 else tmp_size=0 |
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171 if(tmp_fields>4) tmp_res v |
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172 else tmp_res=0 |
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173 if(tmp_fields>5) count v |
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174 else count= tmp_mul - tmp_size |
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175 for(j=6; j<tmp_fields; j++){ |
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176 tmp_reserved[i] v |
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177 } |
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178 for(j=0; j<count && i<256; j++, i++){ |
17612 | 179 if (i == 'N') { |
17718 | 180 flags[i]= FLAG_INVALID; |
17612 | 181 j--; |
182 continue; | |
183 } | |
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184 flags[i]= tmp_flag; |
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185 stream_id_plus1[i]= tmp_stream; |
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186 data_size_mul[i]= tmp_mul; |
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187 data_size_lsb[i]= tmp_size + j; |
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188 pts_delta[i]= tmp_pts; |
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189 reserved_count[i]= tmp_res; |
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190 } |
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191 } |
9294 | 192 |
193 stream_header: | |
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194 stream_id v |
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195 stream_class v |
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196 fourcc vb |
17872 | 197 time_base_id v |
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198 msb_pts_shift v |
17577 | 199 max_pts_distance v |
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200 decode_delay v |
17671 | 201 reserved u(7) |
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202 fixed_fps u(1) |
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203 codec_specific_data vb |
17640 | 204 if(stream_class == video){ |
205 width v | |
206 height v | |
207 sample_width v | |
208 sample_height v | |
209 colorspace_type v | |
210 }else if(stream_class == audio){ | |
211 samplerate_nom v | |
212 samplerate_denom v | |
213 channel_count v | |
214 } | |
16429 | 215 |
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216 Basic Packets: |
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217 |
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218 frame: |
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219 frame_code f(8) |
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220 if(stream_id_plus1[frame_code]==0){ |
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221 stream_id v |
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222 } |
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223 if(pts_delta[frame_code]==0){ |
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224 coded_pts v |
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225 } |
17718 | 226 frame_flags= flags[frame_code] |
227 if(frame_flags&FLAG_CODED){ | |
228 coded_flags v | |
229 frame_flags ^= coded_flags | |
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230 } |
17718 | 231 if(frame_flags&FLAG_SIZE_MSB){ |
232 data_size_msb v | |
17437 | 233 } |
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234 for(i=0; i<reserved_count[frame_code]; i++) |
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235 reserved v |
17723 | 236 if(frame_flags&FLAG_CHECKSUM){ |
17711 | 237 checksum u(32) |
17584 | 238 } |
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239 data |
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240 |
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241 index: |
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242 max_pts t |
17438 | 243 syncpoints v |
17720 | 244 for(i=0; i<syncpoints; i++){ |
17800 | 245 syncpoint_pos_div16 v |
17438 | 246 } |
247 for(i=0; i<stream_count; i++){ | |
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248 last_pts= -1 |
17720 | 249 for(j=0; j<syncpoints; ){ |
17438 | 250 x v |
251 type= x & 1 | |
252 x>>=1 | |
17455 | 253 n=j |
17438 | 254 if(type){ |
255 flag= x & 1 | |
256 x>>=1 | |
257 while(x--) | |
17455 | 258 has_keyframe[n++][i]=flag |
259 has_keyframe[n++][i]=!flag; | |
17438 | 260 }else{ |
261 while(x != 1){ | |
17455 | 262 has_keyframe[n++][i]=x&1; |
17438 | 263 x>>=1; |
264 } | |
265 } | |
17455 | 266 for(; j<n && j<syncpoints; j++){ |
267 if (!has_keyframe[j][i]) continue | |
268 A v | |
17531 | 269 if(!A){ |
270 A v | |
271 B v | |
272 eor_pts[j][i] = last_pts + A + B | |
273 }else | |
274 B=0 | |
275 keyframe_pts[j][i] = last_pts + A | |
276 last_pts += A + B | |
17455 | 277 } |
17438 | 278 } |
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279 } |
17873 | 280 reserved_bytes |
17726 | 281 index_ptr u(64) |
9294 | 282 |
17711 | 283 info_packet: |
17669 | 284 stream_id_plus1 v |
285 chapter_id v | |
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286 chapter_start t |
17708 | 287 chapter_len v |
17669 | 288 count v |
289 for(i=0; i<count; i++){ | |
290 name vb | |
291 value s | |
292 if (value==-1){ | |
293 type= "UTF-8" | |
294 value vb | |
295 }else if (value==-2){ | |
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296 type vb |
17669 | 297 value vb |
298 }else if (value==-3){ | |
17685 | 299 type= "s" |
17326 | 300 value s |
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301 }else if (value==-4){ |
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302 type= "t" |
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303 value t |
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304 }else if (value<-4){ |
17685 | 305 type= "r" |
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306 value.den= -value-4 |
17669 | 307 value.num s |
308 }else{ | |
17685 | 309 type= "v" |
17669 | 310 } |
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311 } |
16506 | 312 |
17326 | 313 syncpoint: |
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314 global_key_pts t |
17800 | 315 back_ptr_div16 v |
12413 | 316 |
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317 Complete definition: |
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318 |
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319 file: |
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320 file_id_string |
17726 | 321 while(!eof){ |
17711 | 322 if(next_byte == 'N'){ |
17773 | 323 packet_header |
17711 | 324 switch(startcode){ |
325 case main_startcode: main_header; break; | |
326 case stream_startcode:stream_header; break; | |
327 case info_startcode: info_packet; break; | |
328 case index_startcode: index; break; | |
329 case syncpoint_startcode: syncpoint; break; | |
330 } | |
17773 | 331 packet_footer |
17711 | 332 }else |
333 frame | |
334 } | |
335 | |
336 the structure of a undamaged file should look like the following, but | |
337 demuxers should be flexible and be able to deal with damaged headers so the | |
338 above is a better loop in practice (not to mention its simpler) | |
339 note, demuxers MUST be able to deal with new and unknown headers | |
340 | |
341 file: | |
342 file_id_string | |
17726 | 343 while(!eof){ |
17711 | 344 packet_header, main_header, packet_footer |
345 reserved_headers | |
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346 for(i=0; i<stream_count; i++){ |
17711 | 347 packet_header, stream_header, packet_footer |
348 reserved_headers | |
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349 } |
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350 while(next_code == info_startcode){ |
17711 | 351 packet_header, info_packet, packet_footer |
352 reserved_headers | |
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353 } |
17726 | 354 if(next_code == index_startcode){ |
17711 | 355 packet_header, index_packet, packet_footer |
17533 | 356 } |
17726 | 357 if (!eof) while(next_code != main_startcode){ |
17711 | 358 if(next_code == syncpoint_startcode){ |
359 packet_header, syncpoint, packet_footer | |
360 } | |
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361 frame |
17711 | 362 reserved_headers |
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363 } |
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364 } |
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365 |
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366 |
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367 Tag description: |
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368 ---------------- |
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369 |
12242 | 370 file_id_string |
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371 "nut/multimedia container\0" |
9323 | 372 |
373 *_startcode | |
12162 | 374 all startcodes start with 'N' |
375 | |
376 main_startcode | |
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377 0x7A561F5F04ADULL + (((uint64_t)('N'<<8) + 'M')<<48) |
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378 |
12162 | 379 stream_starcode |
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380 0x11405BF2F9DBULL + (((uint64_t)('N'<<8) + 'S')<<48) |
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381 |
17326 | 382 syncpoint_startcode |
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383 0xE4ADEECA4569ULL + (((uint64_t)('N'<<8) + 'K')<<48) |
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384 |
12162 | 385 index_startcode |
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386 0xDD672F23E64EULL + (((uint64_t)('N'<<8) + 'X')<<48) |
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387 |
12162 | 388 info_startcode |
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389 0xAB68B596BA78ULL + (((uint64_t)('N'<<8) + 'I')<<48) |
9294 | 390 |
391 version | |
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392 NUT version. The current value is 2. |
12238 | 393 |
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394 forward_ptr |
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395 size of the packet data (exactly the distance from the first byte |
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396 after the packet_header to the first byte of the next packet) |
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397 |
12333 | 398 max_distance |
17326 | 399 max distance of syncpoints, the distance may only be larger if |
400 there is no more than a single frame between the two syncpoints. This can | |
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401 be used by the demuxer to detect damaged frame headers if the damage |
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402 results in too long of a chain |
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403 |
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404 syncpoints SHOULD be placed immediately before a keyframe if the |
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405 previous frame of the same stream was a non-keyframe, unless such |
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406 non-keyframe - keyframe transitions are very frequent |
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407 |
17722 | 408 SHOULD be set to <=32768 |
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409 if the stored value is >65536 then max_distance MUST be set to 65536 |
12501 | 410 |
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411 This is also half the max frame size without a checksum after the |
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412 frameheader. |
17799 | 413 |
414 | |
17577 | 415 max_pts_distance |
416 max absoloute difference of pts of new frame from last_pts in the | |
17711 | 417 timebase of the stream, without a checksum after the frameheader |
418 Note that last_pts is not necessarily the pts of the last frame | |
17577 | 419 on the same stream, as it is altered by syncpoint timestamps. |
17801 | 420 SHOULD NOT be higher than 1/timebase |
17577 | 421 |
16429 | 422 stream_id |
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423 Stream identifier |
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424 stream_id MUST be < stream_count |
9294 | 425 |
426 stream_class | |
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427 0 video |
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428 1 audio |
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429 2 subtiles |
17793 | 430 3 userdata |
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431 Note: the remaining values are reserved and MUST NOT be used |
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432 a demuxer MUST ignore streams with reserved classes |
9294 | 433 |
434 fourcc | |
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435 identification for the codec |
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436 example: "H264" |
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437 MUST contain 2 or 4 bytes, note, this might be increased in the future |
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438 if needed |
9294 | 439 |
9297 | 440 time_base_nom / time_base_denom = time_base |
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441 the length of a timer tick in seconds, this MUST be equal to the 1/fps |
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442 if fixed_fps is 1 |
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443 time_base_nom and time_base_denom MUST NOT be 0 |
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444 time_base_nom and time_base_denom MUST be relatively prime |
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445 time_base_denom MUST be < 2^31 |
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446 examples: |
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447 fps time_base_nom time_base_denom |
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448 30 1 30 |
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449 29.97 1001 30000 |
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450 23.976 1001 24000 |
9294 | 451 |
17872 | 452 time_base_id |
453 id to time_base table | |
454 | |
17328 | 455 convert_ts |
456 To switch from 2 different timebases, the following calculation is | |
457 defined: | |
12413 | 458 |
17328 | 459 ln = from_time_base_nom*to_time_base_denom |
460 sn = from_timestamp | |
461 d1 = from_time_base_denom | |
462 d2 = to_time_base_nom | |
463 timestamp = (ln/d1*sn + ln%d1*sn/d1)/d2 | |
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464 Note: this calculation MUST be done with unsigned 64 bit integers, and |
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465 is equivalent to (ln*sn)/(d1*d2) but this would require a 96bit integer |
12413 | 466 |
17532 | 467 compare_ts |
468 Compares timestamps from 2 different timebases, | |
469 if a is before b then compare_ts(a, b) = -1 | |
470 if a is after b then compare_ts(a, b) = 1 | |
471 else compare_ts(a, b) = 0 | |
472 | |
473 Care must be taken that this is done exactly with no rounding errors, | |
474 simply casting to float or double and doing the obvious | |
475 a*timebase > b*timebase is not compliant or correct, neither is the | |
476 same with integers, and | |
477 a*a_timebase.num*b_timebase.den > b*b_timebase.num*a_timebase.den | |
478 will overflow. One possible implementation which shouldn't overflow | |
479 within the range of legal timestamps and timebases is: | |
480 | |
481 if (convert_ts(a, a_timebase, b_timebase) < b) return -1; | |
482 if (convert_ts(b, b_timebase, a_timebase) < a) return 1; | |
483 return 0; | |
484 | |
16429 | 485 msb_pts_shift |
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486 amount of bits in lsb_pts |
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487 MUST be <16 |
9294 | 488 |
12333 | 489 decode_delay |
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490 maximum time between input and output for a codec, used to generate |
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491 dts from pts |
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492 is set to 0 for streams without B-frames, and set to 1 for streams with |
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493 B-frames, may be larger for future codecs |
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494 decode_delay MUST NOT be set higher than necessary for a codec. |
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495 |
9294 | 496 fixed_fps |
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497 1 indicates that the fps is fixed |
9294 | 498 |
9356 | 499 codec_specific_data |
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500 private global data for a codec (could be huffman tables or ...) |
12082 | 501 |
502 frame_code | |
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503 the meaning of this byte is stored in the main header |
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504 the value 78 ('N') is forbidden to ensure that the byte is always |
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505 different from the first byte of any startcode |
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506 a muxer SHOULD mark 0x00 and 0xFF as invalid to improve error |
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507 detection |
9420 | 508 |
17718 | 509 flags[frame_code], frame_flags |
17437 | 510 Bit Name Description |
17809 | 511 1 FLAG_KEY if set, frame is keyframe |
512 2 FLAG_EOR if set, stream has no relevance on | |
17824 | 513 presentation. (EOR) |
17809 | 514 32 FLAG_SIZE_MSB if set, data_size_msb is at frame header, |
515 otherwise data_size_msb is 0 | |
516 64 FLAG_CHECKSUM if set then the frame header contains a checksum | |
517 4096 FLAG_CODED if set, coded_flags are stored in the frame header. | |
518 8192 FLAG_INVALID if set, frame_code is invalid. | |
17437 | 519 |
520 EOR frames MUST be zero-length and must be set keyframe. | |
521 All streams SHOULD end with EOR, where the pts of the EOR indicates the | |
522 end presentation time of the final frame. | |
523 An EOR set stream is unset by the first content frames. | |
17551 | 524 EOR can only be unset in streams with zero decode_delay . |
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525 FLAG_CHECKSUM MUST be set if the frame is larger than 2*max_distance or |
17730 | 526 its pts differs by more then max_pts_distance from the last frame |
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527 |
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528 stream_id_plus1[frame_code] |
17826 | 529 MUST be <250 |
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530 if it is 0, then the stream_id is coded in the frame |
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531 |
12082 | 532 data_size_mul[frame_code] |
17826 | 533 MUST be <16384 |
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534 |
12082 | 535 data_size_lsb[frame_code] |
17826 | 536 MUST be <16384 |
12082 | 537 |
16429 | 538 pts_delta[frame_code] |
17826 | 539 MUST be <16384 and >-16384 |
12413 | 540 |
17640 | 541 reserved_count[frame_code] |
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542 MUST be <256 |
17640 | 543 |
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544 data_size |
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545 data_size= data_size_lsb + data_size_msb*data_size_mul; |
12082 | 546 |
16429 | 547 coded_pts |
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548 if coded_pts < (1<<msb_pts_shift) then it is an lsb |
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549 pts, otherwise it is a full pts + (1<<msb_pts_shift) |
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550 lsb pts is converted to a full pts by: |
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551 mask = (1<<msb_pts_shift)-1; |
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552 delta = last_pts - mask/2 |
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553 pts = ((pts_lsb-delta)&mask) + delta |
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554 |
16429 | 555 lsb_pts |
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556 least significant bits of the pts in time_base precision |
9294 | 557 Example: IBBP display order |
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558 keyframe pts=0 -> pts=0 |
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559 frame lsb_pts=3 -> pts=3 |
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560 frame lsb_pts=1 -> pts=1 |
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561 frame lsb_pts=2 -> pts=2 |
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562 ... |
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563 keyframe msb_pts=257 -> pts=257 |
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564 frame lsb_pts=255 -> pts=255 |
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565 frame lsb_pts=0 -> pts=256 |
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566 frame lsb_pts=4 -> pts=260 |
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567 frame lsb_pts=2 -> pts=258 |
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568 frame lsb_pts=3 -> pts=259 |
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569 all pts's of keyframes of a single stream MUST be monotone |
9294 | 570 |
12333 | 571 dts |
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572 dts is calculated by using a decode_delay+1 sized buffer for each |
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573 stream, into which the current pts is inserted and the element with |
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574 the smallest value is removed, this is then the current dts |
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575 this buffer is initalized with decode_delay -1 elements |
17327 | 576 |
577 Pts of all frames in all streams MUST be bigger or equal to dts of all | |
17437 | 578 previous frames in all streams, compared in common timebase. (EOR |
579 frames are NOT exempt from this rule) | |
12333 | 580 |
9294 | 581 width/height |
17730 | 582 MUST be set to the coded width/height, MUST NOT be 0 |
9294 | 583 |
584 sample_width/sample_height (aspect ratio) | |
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585 sample_width is the horizontal distance between samples |
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586 sample_width and sample_height MUST be relatively prime if not zero |
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587 both MUST be 0 if unknown otherwise both MUST be non zero |
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588 |
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589 colorspace_type |
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590 0 unknown |
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591 1 ITU Rec 624 / ITU Rec 601 Y range: 16..235 Cb/Cr range: 16..240 |
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592 2 ITU Rec 709 Y range: 16..235 Cb/Cr range: 16..240 |
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593 17 ITU Rec 624 / ITU Rec 601 Y range: 0..255 Cb/Cr range: 0..255 |
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594 18 ITU Rec 709 Y range: 0..255 Cb/Cr range: 0..255 |
10166 | 595 |
12333 | 596 samplerate_nom / samplerate_denom = samplerate |
17730 | 597 the number of samples per second, MUST NOT be 0 |
9294 | 598 |
17683 | 599 crc32 checksum |
17710 | 600 Generator polynomial is 0x104C11DB7. Starting value is zero. |
17683 | 601 |
9294 | 602 checksum |
17577 | 603 crc32 checksum |
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604 checksum is calculated for the area pointed to by forward_ptr not |
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605 including the checksum itself (from first byte after the |
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606 packet_header until last byte before the checksum). |
17711 | 607 for frame headers the checksum contains the framecode byte and all |
608 following bytes upto the checksum itself | |
9294 | 609 |
17792 | 610 header_checksum |
611 checksum over the startcode and forward pointer | |
612 | |
17640 | 613 Syncpoint tags: |
614 --------------- | |
615 | |
17800 | 616 back_ptr_div16 |
617 back_ptr = back_ptr_div16 * 16 + 15 | |
618 back_ptr must point to a position within 16 bytes of a syncpoint | |
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619 startcode. This syncpoint MUST be the closest syncpoint such that at |
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620 least one keyframe with a pts lower or equal to the original syncpoint's |
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621 global_key_pts for all streams lies between it and the current syncpoint. |
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622 |
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623 A stream where EOR is set is to be ignored for back_ptr. |
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624 |
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625 global_key_pts |
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626 After a syncpoint, last_pts of each stream is to be set to: |
17872 | 627 last_pts[i] = convert_ts(global_key_pts, time_base[id], time_base[i]) |
17439
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628 |
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629 global_key_pts MUST be bigger or equal to dts of all past frames across |
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630 all streams, and smaller or equal to pts of all future frames. |
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631 |
17640 | 632 Index tags: |
633 ----------- | |
634 | |
16429 | 635 max_pts |
17796
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universal timestamp (= stream_id + timestamp in stream timebase)
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636 The highest pts in the entire file |
9294 | 637 |
17800 | 638 syncpoint_pos_div16 |
639 offset from begginning of file to up to 15 bytes before the syncpoint | |
17438 | 640 referred to in this index entry. Relative to position of last |
641 syncpoint. | |
642 | |
643 has_keyframe | |
644 indicates whether this stream has a keyframe between this syncpoint and | |
645 the last syncpoint. | |
646 | |
647 keyframe_pts | |
648 The pts of the first keyframe for this stream in the region between the | |
17531 | 649 2 syncpoints, in the stream's timebase. (EOR frames are also keyframes) |
650 | |
651 eor_pts | |
652 Coded only if EOR is set at the position of the syncpoint. The pts of | |
653 that EOR. EOR is unset by the first keyframe after it. | |
9294 | 654 |
16429 | 655 index_ptr |
17726 | 656 Length in bytes of the entire index, from the first byte of the |
657 startcode until the last byte of the checksum. | |
658 Note: A demuxer can use this to find the index when it is written at | |
659 EOF, as index_ptr will always be 12 bytes before the end of file if | |
660 there is an index at all. | |
661 | |
16429 | 662 |
17640 | 663 Info tags: |
664 ---------- | |
665 | |
17669 | 666 stream_id_plus1 |
667 Stream this info packet applies to. If zero, packet applies to whole | |
668 file. | |
669 | |
670 chapter_id | |
671 Id of chapter this packet applies to. If zero, packet applies to whole | |
672 file. Positive chapter_id's are real chapters and MUST NOT overlap. | |
673 Negative chapter_id indicate a sub region of file and not a real | |
674 chapter. chapter_id MUST be unique to the region it represents. | |
17711 | 675 chapter_id n MUST not be used unless there are at least n chapters in the |
676 file | |
17669 | 677 |
678 chapter_start | |
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679 timestamp of start of chapter |
17669 | 680 |
681 chapter_len | |
682 Length of chapter in same timebase of chapter_start. | |
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683 |
9323 | 684 type |
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685 for example: "UTF8" -> string or "JPEG" -> JPEG image |
17685 | 686 "v" -> unsigned integer |
687 "s" -> signed integer | |
688 "r" -> rational | |
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689 Note: nonstandard fields should be prefixed by "X-" |
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690 Note: MUST be less than 6 byte long (might be increased to 64 later) |
9323 | 691 |
13308
8ff17d153414
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692 info packet types |
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693 the name of the info entry, valid names are |
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694 "Author" |
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695 "Description" |
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696 "Copyright" |
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697 "Encoder" |
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698 the name & version of the software used for encoding |
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699 "Title" |
17669 | 700 "Cover" (allowed types are "PNG" and "JPEG") |
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701 image of the (CD, DVD, VHS, ..) cover (preferably PNG or JPEG) |
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702 "Source" |
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703 "DVD", "VCD", "CD", "MD", "FM radio", "VHS", "TV", "LD" |
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704 Optional: appended PAL, NTSC, SECAM, ... in parentheses |
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705 "CaptureDevice" |
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706 "BT878", "BT848", "webcam", ... (more exact names are fine too) |
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707 "CreationTime" |
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708 "2003-01-20 20:13:15Z", ... |
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709 (ISO 8601 format, see http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/iso-time.html) |
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710 Note: do not forget the timezone |
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711 "Keywords" |
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712 "Language" |
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713 ISO 639 and ISO 3166 for language/country code |
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714 something like "eng" (US english), can be 0 if unknown |
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715 and "multi" if several languages |
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716 see http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/englangn.html |
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717 and http://www.din.de/gremien/nas/nabd/iso3166ma/codlstp1/en_listp1.html |
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718 the language code |
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719 "Disposition" |
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720 "original", "dub" (translated), "comment", "lyrics", "karaoke" |
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721 Note: if someone needs some others, please tell us about them, so we |
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722 can add them to the official standard (if they are sane) |
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723 Note: nonstandard fields should be prefixed by "X-" |
17686 | 724 Note: names of fields SHOULD be in English if a word with the same |
17653 | 725 meaning exists in English |
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726 Note: MUST be less than 64 bytes long |
9295 | 727 |
728 value | |
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729 value of this name/type pair |
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730 |
9310 | 731 stuffing |
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732 0x80 can be placed in front of any type v entry for stuffing purposes |
17797
b1d80d05eaa8
limit stuffing to prevent header_checksum from endup being useless due to a gb of 0x80 after a 'N'
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|
733 except the forward_ptr and all fields in the frame header where a |
b1d80d05eaa8
limit stuffing to prevent header_checksum from endup being useless due to a gb of 0x80 after a 'N'
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734 maximum of 8 stuffing bytes per field are allowed |
9294 | 735 |
16842
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|
736 |
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737 Structure: |
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738 ---------- |
9294 | 739 |
740 the headers MUST be in exactly the following order (to simplify demuxer design) | |
741 main header | |
742 stream_header (id=0) | |
743 stream_header (id=1) | |
744 ... | |
745 stream_header (id=n) | |
746 | |
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747 headers may be repeated, but if they are, then they MUST all be repeated |
15008
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less amateurish-looking mpcf.txt patch by (Jeff >snacky ikaruga co uk<)
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748 together and repeated headers MUST be identical |
17547 | 749 |
750 Each set of repeated headers not at the beginning or end of the file SHOULD | |
751 be stored at the earliest possible position after 2^x where x is | |
15008
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less amateurish-looking mpcf.txt patch by (Jeff >snacky ikaruga co uk<)
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752 an integer and the file end, so the headers may be repeated at 4102 if that is |
0a43341c8bfd
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753 the closest position after 2^12=4096 at which the headers can be placed |
9294 | 754 |
17547 | 755 Note: this allows an implementation reading the file to locate backup |
756 headers in O(log filesize) time as opposed to O(filesize) | |
757 | |
15008
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758 headers MUST be placed at least at the start of the file and immediately before |
12501 | 759 the index or at the file end if there is no index |
16428 | 760 headers MUST be repeated at least twice (so they exist three times in a file) |
9295 | 761 |
16685 | 762 there MUST be a sync point immediately before the first frame after any headers |
12503 | 763 |
16842
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764 |
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765 Index: |
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766 ------ |
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767 |
15008
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768 Note: with realtime streaming, there is no end, so no index there either |
17533 | 769 Index MAY only be repeated after main headers. |
17726 | 770 If an index is written anywhere in the file, it MUST be written at end of |
771 file as well. | |
9310 | 772 |
16842
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773 |
17669 | 774 Info: |
775 ----- | |
776 | |
17771 | 777 If a info packet is stored anywhere then a muxer MUST also store an identical |
778 info packet after every main-stream-header set | |
9310 | 779 |
17771 | 780 If a demuxer has seen several info packets with the same chapter_id and |
781 stream_id then it MUST ignore all but the one with the highest position in | |
782 the file | |
17669 | 783 |
17771 | 784 demxuxers SHOULD not search the whole file for info packets |
16842
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785 |
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786 demuxer (non-normative): |
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787 ------------------------ |
12501 | 788 |
16428 | 789 in the absence of a valid header at the beginning, players SHOULD search for |
790 backup headers starting at offset 2^x; for each x players SHOULD end their | |
791 search at a particular offset when any startcode is found (including syncpoint) | |
12501 | 792 |
16842
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793 |
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|
794 |
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795 Semantic requirements: |
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|
796 ====================== |
16429 | 797 |
17018
baf593fcf738
Change MUST to SHOULD have disposition and if applicable language tags.
al
parents:
16843
diff
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|
798 If more than one stream of a given stream class is present, each one SHOULD |
16429 | 799 have info tags specifying disposition, and if applicable, language. |
17018
baf593fcf738
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800 It often highly improves usability and is therefore strongly encouraged. |
16429 | 801 |
802 A demuxer MUST NOT demux a stream which contains more than one stream, or which | |
803 is wrapped in a structure to facilitate more than one stream or otherwise | |
804 duplicate the role of a container. any such file is to be considered invalid. | |
17798
2d02868030f0
double muxing examples (cant hurt to explictly mention the most common)
michael
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diff
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|
805 for example vorbis in ogg in nut is invalid, as is |
2d02868030f0
double muxing examples (cant hurt to explictly mention the most common)
michael
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|
806 mpegvideo+mpegaudio in mpeg-ps/ts in nut or dvvideo + dvaudio in dv in nut |
16429 | 807 |
12501 | 808 |
16842
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809 |
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|
810 Sample code (Public Domain, & untested): |
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811 ======================================== |
9294 | 812 |
813 typedef BufferContext{ | |
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814 uint8_t *buf; |
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815 uint8_t *buf_ptr; |
9294 | 816 }BufferContext; |
817 | |
818 static inline uint64_t get_bytes(BufferContext *bc, int count){ | |
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819 uint64_t val=0; |
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820 |
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821 assert(count>0 && count<9); |
9294 | 822 |
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823 for(i=0; i<count; i++){ |
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824 val <<=8; |
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825 val += *(bc->buf_ptr++); |
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826 } |
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827 |
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828 return val; |
9294 | 829 } |
830 | |
831 static inline void put_bytes(BufferContext *bc, int count, uint64_t val){ | |
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832 uint64_t val=0; |
9294 | 833 |
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834 assert(count>0 && count<9); |
9294 | 835 |
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836 for(i=count-1; i>=0; i--){ |
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837 *(bc->buf_ptr++)= val >> (8*i); |
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838 } |
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839 |
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840 return val; |
9294 | 841 } |
842 | |
10061 | 843 static inline uint64_t get_v(BufferContext *bc){ |
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844 uint64_t val= 0; |
9294 | 845 |
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846 for(; space_left(bc) > 0; ){ |
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847 int tmp= *(bc->buf_ptr++); |
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848 if(tmp&0x80) |
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849 val= (val<<7) + tmp - 0x80; |
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850 else |
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851 return (val<<7) + tmp; |
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852 } |
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853 |
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854 return -1; |
9294 | 855 } |
856 | |
10061 | 857 static inline int put_v(BufferContext *bc, uint64_t val){ |
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858 int i; |
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859 |
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860 if(space_left(bc) < 9) return -1; |
9294 | 861 |
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862 val &= 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFULL; // FIXME can only encode upto 63 bits currently |
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863 for(i=7; ; i+=7){ |
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864 if(val>>i == 0) break; |
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865 } |
9294 | 866 |
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867 for(i-=7; i>0; i-=7){ |
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868 *(bc->buf_ptr++)= 0x80 | (val>>i); |
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869 } |
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870 *(bc->buf_ptr++)= val&0x7F; |
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871 |
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872 return 0; |
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*signed int vlc (needs only 5 lines of code so its no increase of complexity)
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873 } |
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*signed int vlc (needs only 5 lines of code so its no increase of complexity)
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874 |
12333 | 875 static int64_t get_dts(int64_t pts, int64_t *pts_cache, int delay, int reset){ |
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876 if(reset) memset(pts_cache, -1, delay*sizeof(int64_t)); |
12333 | 877 |
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878 while(delay--){ |
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879 int64_t t= pts_cache[delay]; |
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880 if(t < pts){ |
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881 pts_cache[delay]= pts; |
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882 pts= t; |
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883 } |
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884 } |
12333 | 885 |
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886 return pts; |
12333 | 887 } |
888 | |
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889 |
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890 |
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891 Authors: |
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892 ======== |
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some changes (michael: is the colorspace_type field needed?)
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893 |
16428 | 894 Folks from the MPlayer developers mailing list (http://www.mplayerhq.hu/). |
895 Authors in alphabetical order: (FIXME! Tell us if we left you out) | |
16843 | 896 Beregszaszi, Alex (alex@fsn.hu) |
897 Bunkus, Moritz (moritz@bunkus.org) | |
898 Diedrich, Tobias (ranma+mplayer@tdiedrich.de) | |
899 Felker, Rich (dalias@aerifal.cx) | |
900 Franz, Fabian (FabianFranz@gmx.de) | |
901 Gereoffy, Arpad (arpi@thot.banki.hu) | |
902 Hess, Andreas (jaska@gmx.net) | |
903 Niedermayer, Michael (michaelni@gmx.at) | |
904 Shimon, Oded (ods15@ods15.dyndns.org) |