Mercurial > mplayer.hg
annotate DOCS/xml/pl/usage.xml @ 36540:3908962d8e48
Explain the relationship between the subtitle encoding options.
author | ib |
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date | Sun, 19 Jan 2014 14:15:53 +0000 |
parents | ca216bfc52cf |
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rev | line source |
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1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> |
21735 | 2 <!-- synced with r21748 --> |
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3 <!-- Opiekun: emdej --> |
11176 | 4 <chapter id="usage"> |
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5 <title>Sposób użycia</title> |
11176 | 6 |
7 <sect1 id="commandline"> | |
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8 <title>Wiersz poleceń</title> |
11176 | 9 |
10 <para> | |
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11 <application>MPlayer</application> używa skomplikowanego drzewa odtwarzania. |
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12 Składa się ono z opcji globalnych podanych na początku, na przykład: |
11176 | 13 <screen>mplayer -vfm 5</screen> |
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14 i opcji podanych po nazwach plików, które stosują się jedynie do podanego |
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15 pliku/URLa/czegokolwiek, na przykład: |
21735 | 16 <screen> |
17 mplayer -vfm 5 <replaceable>film1.avi</replaceable> <replaceable>film2.avi</replaceable> -vfm 4 | |
18 </screen> | |
11176 | 19 </para> |
20 | |
21 <para> | |
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22 Możesz pogrupować nazwy plików/URLe za pomocą <literal>{</literal> oraz |
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23 <literal>}</literal>. Przydaje się to przy opcji <option>-loop</option>: |
11176 | 24 <screen>mplayer { 1.avi -loop 2 2.avi } -loop 3</screen> |
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25 Powyższe polecenie odtworzy pliki w kolejności: 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2. |
11176 | 26 </para> |
27 | |
28 <para> | |
29 Odtwarzanie pliku: | |
30 <synopsis> | |
31 <command>mplayer</command><!-- | |
32 --> [<replaceable>opcje</replaceable>]<!-- | |
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33 --> [<replaceable>ścieżka</replaceable>/]<replaceable>nazwa_pliku</replaceable> |
11176 | 34 </synopsis> |
35 </para> | |
36 | |
37 <para> | |
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38 Kolejny sposób na odtworzenie pliku: |
16055 | 39 <synopsis> |
40 <command>mplayer</command><!-- | |
41 --> [<replaceable>opcje</replaceable>]<!-- | |
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42 --> <replaceable>file:///zakodowana-ścieżka-uri</replaceable> |
16055 | 43 </synopsis> |
44 </para> | |
45 | |
46 <para> | |
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47 Odtwarzanie większej ilości plików: |
11176 | 48 <synopsis> |
49 <command>mplayer</command><!-- | |
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50 --> [<replaceable>opcje domyślne</replaceable>]<!-- |
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51 --> [<replaceable>ścieżka</replaceable>/]<replaceable>plik1</replaceable><!-- |
20434 | 52 --> [<replaceable>opcje dla pliku1</replaceable>]<!-- |
53 --> <replaceable>plik2</replaceable><!-- | |
54 --> [<replaceable>opcje dla pliku2</replaceable>] ... | |
11176 | 55 </synopsis> |
56 </para> | |
57 | |
58 <para> | |
59 Odtwarzanie VCD: | |
60 <synopsis> | |
61 <command>mplayer</command> [<replaceable>opcje</replaceable>]<!-- | |
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62 --> vcd://<replaceable>numer_ścieżki</replaceable><!-- |
11176 | 63 --> [-cdrom-device <replaceable>/dev/cdrom</replaceable>] |
64 </synopsis> | |
65 </para> | |
66 | |
67 <para> | |
68 Odtwarzanie DVD: | |
69 <synopsis> | |
11718 | 70 <command>mplayer</command> [<replaceable>opcje</replaceable>]<!-- |
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71 --> dvd://<replaceable>numer_tytułu</replaceable><!-- |
11176 | 72 --> [-dvd-device <replaceable>/dev/dvd</replaceable>] |
73 </synopsis> | |
74 </para> | |
75 | |
76 <para> | |
77 Odtwarzanie z WWW: | |
78 <synopsis> | |
79 <command>mplayer</command> [<replaceable>opcje</replaceable>]<!-- | |
80 --> http://<replaceable>strona.com/plik.asf</replaceable> | |
81 </synopsis> | |
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82 (można użyć również playlist) |
11176 | 83 </para> |
84 | |
85 <para> | |
86 Odtwarzanie z RTSP: | |
87 <synopsis> | |
88 <command>mplayer</command> [<replaceable>opcje</replaceable>]<!-- | |
89 --> rtsp://<replaceable>serwer.przyklad.com/nazwa_strumienia</replaceable> | |
90 </synopsis> | |
91 </para> | |
92 | |
93 <para> | |
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94 Przykłady: |
11176 | 95 <screen> |
11718 | 96 mplayer -vo x11 <replaceable>/mnt/Films/Contact/contact2.mpg</replaceable> |
12950 | 97 mplayer vcd://<replaceable>2</replaceable> -cdrom-device <replaceable>/dev/hdc</replaceable> |
11718 | 98 mplayer -afm 3 <replaceable>/mnt/DVDtrailers/alien4.vob</replaceable> |
99 mplayer dvd://<replaceable>1</replaceable> -dvd-device <replaceable>/dev/hdc</replaceable> | |
100 mplayer -abs 65536 -delay -0.4 -nobps <replaceable>~/movies/test.avi</replaceable><!-- | |
11176 | 101 --></screen> |
102 </para> | |
103 </sect1> | |
104 | |
20434 | 105 |
21735 | 106 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --> |
107 | |
20434 | 108 |
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109 <sect1 id="subosd"> |
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110 <title>Napisy i OSD</title> |
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111 |
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112 <para> |
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113 <application>MPlayer</application> może wyświetlać napisy podczas odtwarzania |
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114 filmu. Obecnie obsługiwane są następujące formaty: |
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115 <itemizedlist> |
21735 | 116 <listitem><para>VOBsub</para></listitem> |
117 <listitem><para>OGM</para></listitem> | |
118 <listitem><para>CC (closed caption)</para></listitem> | |
119 <listitem><para>MicroDVD</para></listitem> | |
120 <listitem><para>SubRip</para></listitem> | |
121 <listitem><para>SubViewer</para></listitem> | |
122 <listitem><para>Sami</para></listitem> | |
123 <listitem><para>VPlayer</para></listitem> | |
124 <listitem><para>RT</para></listitem> | |
125 <listitem><para>SSA</para></listitem> | |
126 <listitem><para>PJS (Phoenix Japanimation Society)</para></listitem> | |
127 <listitem><para>MPsub</para></listitem> | |
128 <listitem><para>AQTitle</para></listitem> | |
129 <listitem><para> | |
130 <ulink url="http://unicorn.us.com/jacosub/">JACOsub</ulink></para> | |
131 </listitem> | |
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132 </itemizedlist> |
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133 </para> |
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134 |
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135 <para> |
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136 <application>MPlayer</application> może zrzucić wyżej wymienione formaty napisów |
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137 (<emphasis role="bold">poza pierwszymi trzema</emphasis>) do następujących formatów, |
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138 jeśli podasz odpowiednią opcję: |
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139 <itemizedlist> |
21735 | 140 <listitem><para>MPsub: <option>-dumpmpsub</option></para></listitem> |
141 <listitem><para>SubRip: <option>-dumpsrtsub</option></para></listitem> | |
142 <listitem><para>MicroDVD: <option>-dumpmicrodvdsub</option></para></listitem> | |
143 <listitem><para>JACOsub: <option>-dumpjacosub</option></para></listitem> | |
144 <listitem><para>Sami: <option>-dumpsami</option></para></listitem> | |
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145 </itemizedlist> |
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146 </para> |
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147 |
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148 <para> |
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149 <application>MEncoder</application> może zrzucić napisy DVD do formatu |
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150 <link linkend="menc-feat-extractsub">VOBsub</link>. |
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151 </para> |
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152 |
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153 <para> |
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154 Opcje wiersza poleceń różnią się nieco dla poszczególnych formatów: |
21735 | 155 </para> |
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156 |
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157 <formalpara> |
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158 <title>Format VOBsub</title> |
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159 <para> |
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160 Napisy VOBsub składają się z dużego (kilkumegabajtowego) pliku <filename>.SUB</filename> |
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161 i opcjonalnych plików <filename>.IDX</filename> i/lub <filename>.IFO</filename>. |
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162 Jeżeli masz takie pliki, jak |
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163 <filename><replaceable>przykład.sub</replaceable></filename>, |
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164 <filename><replaceable>przykład.ifo</replaceable></filename> (opcjonalne), |
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165 <filename><replaceable>przykład.idx</replaceable></filename> - |
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166 musisz przekazać <application>MPlayerowi</application> opcje |
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167 <option>-vobsub przykład [-vobsubid <replaceable>id</replaceable>]</option> |
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168 (pełna ścieżka jest opcjonalna). Parametr <option>-vobsubid</option> jest, jak |
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169 <option>-sid</option> dla DVD - przy jego pomocy możesz wybierać pomiędzy ścieżkami napisów |
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170 (różne języki). Jeżeli opcja <option>-vobsubid</option> jest pominięta, |
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171 <application>MPlayer</application> spróbuje użyć języka podanego przez parametr |
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172 <option>-slang</option> i powróci do <systemitem>langidx</systemitem> |
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173 zawartego w pliku<filename>.IDX</filename>, żeby ustawić język napisów. Jeżeli to |
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174 zakończy się niepowodzeniem, napisy nie będą wyświetlane. |
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175 </para> |
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176 </formalpara> |
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177 |
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178 <formalpara> |
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179 <title>Inne formaty napisów</title> |
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180 <para> |
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181 Inne formaty składają się z pojedynczego pliku tekstowego zawierającego przedział |
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182 czasowy, rozmieszczenie i sam tekst. Sposób użycia: Jeżeli masz taki plik, jak |
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183 <filename><replaceable>przykład.txt</replaceable></filename>, |
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184 musisz przekazać opcję <option>-sub |
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185 <replaceable>przykład.txt</replaceable></option> (pełna ścieżka jest opcjonalna). |
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186 </para> |
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187 </formalpara> |
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188 |
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189 <variablelist> |
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190 <title>Dopasowywanie czasu wyświetlania i położenia napisów:</title> |
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191 <varlistentry> |
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192 <term><option>-subdelay <replaceable>sek</replaceable></option></term> |
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193 <listitem><para> |
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194 Opóźnia wyświetlanie napisów o <option><replaceable>sek</replaceable></option> sekund. |
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195 Może być liczbą ujemną. Wartość jest dodawana do licznika czasu filmu. |
21735 | 196 </para></listitem> |
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197 </varlistentry> |
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198 <varlistentry> |
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199 <term><option>-subfps <replaceable>ILOŚĆ</replaceable></option></term> |
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200 <listitem><para> |
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201 Określa ilość klatek na sekundę pliku z napisami (liczba rzeczywista). |
21735 | 202 </para></listitem> |
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203 </varlistentry> |
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204 <varlistentry> |
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205 <term><option>-subpos <replaceable>0-100</replaceable></option></term> |
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206 <listitem><para> |
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207 Określa położenie napisów. |
21735 | 208 </para></listitem> |
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209 </varlistentry> |
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210 </variablelist> |
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211 |
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212 <para> |
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213 Jeżeli podczas używania napisów w formacie MicroDVD zauważysz rosnące opóźnienie |
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214 między nimi a filmem, to prawdopodobnie ilość klatek na sekundę filmu różni się |
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215 od wartości, do której zostały przystosowane napisy. |
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216 Zauważ, że format ten korzysta z bezwzględnych numerów klatek do wyświetlania |
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217 napisów w odpowiednim momencie, ale nie zawiera w sobie informacji o wartości fps, |
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218 dlatego powinieneś skorzystać z opcji <option>-subfps</option>. |
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219 Jeżeli chciałbyś trwale rozwiązać ten problem, musisz ręcznie zmienić |
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220 wartość framerate pliku z napisami. |
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221 <application>MPlayer</application> może zrobić to za ciebie: |
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222 |
21735 | 223 <screen> |
224 mplayer -dumpmicrodvdsub -fps <replaceable>fps_napisów</replaceable> -subfps <replaceable>fps_filmu</replaceable> \ | |
225 -sub <replaceable>zbiór_z_napisami</replaceable> <replaceable>atrapa.avi</replaceable> | |
226 </screen> | |
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227 </para> |
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228 |
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229 <para> |
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230 O napisach DVD przeczytasz w rozdziale <link linkend="dvd">DVD</link>. |
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231 </para> |
20434 | 232 </sect1> |
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233 |
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234 |
21735 | 235 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --> |
236 | |
11176 | 237 |
238 <sect1 id="control"> | |
239 <title>Sterowanie</title> | |
240 | |
241 <para> | |
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242 <application>MPlayer</application> posiada w pełni konfigurowalną, opartą na |
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243 komendach warstwę sterowania, która pozwala na sterowanie |
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244 <application>MPlayerem</application> za pomocą klawiatury, myszki, joysticka lub |
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245 zdalnego sterowania (za pomocą LIRC). Zajrzyj na stronę man w celu przejrzenia |
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246 pełnej listy skrótów klawiszowych. |
11176 | 247 </para> |
248 | |
21735 | 249 <!-- ********** --> |
11176 | 250 |
251 <sect2 id="ctrl-cfg"> | |
252 <title>Konfiguracja sterowania</title> | |
253 | |
254 <para> | |
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255 <application>MPlayer</application> pozwala Ci przypisać dowolny klawisz/przycisk |
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256 do dowolnego polecenia za pomocą prostego pliku konfiguracyjnego. Składnia tego |
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257 pliku to nazwa klawisza, po której znajduje się komenda. Domyślny plik |
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258 konfiguracyjny znajduje się w <filename>$HOME/.mplayer/input.conf</filename>, ale |
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259 można podać także inny za pomocą opcji |
11543 | 260 <option>-input <replaceable>plik</replaceable></option> |
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261 (ścieżki względne są względem <filename>$HOME/.mplayer</filename>). |
11176 | 262 </para> |
263 | |
13904 | 264 <para> |
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265 Możesz uzyskać pełną listę obsługiwanych klawiszy uruchamiając |
20434 | 266 <command>mplayer -input keylist</command> |
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267 i pełną listę dostępnych komend za pomocą |
13904 | 268 <command>mplayer -input cmdlist</command>. |
269 </para> | |
270 | |
21735 | 271 <example id="input_control_file"> |
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272 <title>Przykładowy plik konfiguracji sterowania</title> |
11176 | 273 <programlisting> |
274 ## | |
275 ## Plik konfiguracji sterowania MPlayera | |
276 ## | |
277 | |
278 RIGHT seek +10 | |
279 LEFT seek -10 | |
280 - audio_delay 0.100 | |
281 + audio_delay -0.100 | |
282 q quit | |
283 > pt_step 1 | |
284 < pt_step -1 | |
285 ENTER pt_step 1 1<!-- | |
286 --></programlisting> | |
287 </example> | |
288 </sect2> | |
289 | |
21735 | 290 <!-- ********** --> |
11176 | 291 |
292 <sect2 id="lirc"> | |
293 <title>Sterowanie poprzez LIRC</title> | |
294 | |
295 <para> | |
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296 Linux Infrared Remote Control - użyj łatwego do własnoręcznego zbudowania |
11176 | 297 odbiornika podczerwieni i (prawie) dowolnego pilota zdalnego sterowania i |
298 steruj nim swoim Linuksem! | |
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299 Więcej informacji na <ulink url="http://www.lirc.org">stronie domowej LIRC</ulink>. |
11176 | 300 </para> |
301 | |
302 <para> | |
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303 Jeśli zainstalowałeś pakiet LIRC, <filename>configure</filename> automatycznie go |
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304 wykryje. Jeśli wszystko pójdzie dobrze, <application>MPlayer</application> |
21735 | 305 wypisze przy starcie "<systemitem>Setting up LIRC support...</systemitem>". |
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306 Jeśli wystąpi błąd, powiadomi Cię o tym. Jeśli nic nie powie Ci na |
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307 temat LIRC, to znaczy, że jego obsługa nie została wkompilowana. Proste :-) |
11176 | 308 </para> |
309 | |
310 <para> | |
13904 | 311 Nazwa aplikacji dla <application>MPlayer</application> to - niespodzianka - |
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312 <filename>mplayer</filename>. Możesz używać dowolnych komend |
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313 <application>MPlayera</application>, a nawet podać więcej niż jedną |
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314 komendę na raz oddzielając je za pomocą <literal>\n</literal>. |
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315 Nie zapomnij o włączeniu flagi repeat w <filename>.lircrc</filename> jeśli |
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316 ma to sens (skoki, głośność itp). To jest fragment przykładowego |
11176 | 317 <filename>.lircrc</filename>: |
318 </para> | |
319 | |
320 <programlisting> | |
321 begin | |
322 button = VOLUME_PLUS | |
323 prog = mplayer | |
324 config = volume 1 | |
325 repeat = 1 | |
326 end | |
327 | |
328 begin | |
329 button = VOLUME_MINUS | |
330 prog = mplayer | |
331 config = volume -1 | |
332 repeat = 1 | |
333 end | |
334 | |
335 begin | |
336 button = CD_PLAY | |
337 prog = mplayer | |
338 config = pause | |
339 end | |
340 | |
341 begin | |
342 button = CD_STOP | |
343 prog = mplayer | |
344 config = seek 0 1\npause | |
345 end<!-- | |
346 --></programlisting> | |
347 | |
348 <para> | |
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349 Jeśli nie lubisz standardowej lokalizacji pliku lirc-config |
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350 (<filename>~/.lircrc</filename>), użyj opcji <option>-lircconf |
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351 <replaceable>nazwa_pliku</replaceable></option> by podać inny plik. |
11176 | 352 </para> |
353 </sect2> | |
354 | |
21735 | 355 <!-- ********** --> |
11176 | 356 |
357 <sect2 id="slave-mode"> | |
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358 <title>Tryb sługi</title> |
21735 | 359 |
11176 | 360 <para> |
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361 Tryb sługi pozwala Ci na utworzenie prostej nakładki na |
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362 <application>MPlayera</application>. Po uruchomieniu z opcją |
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363 <option>-slave</option> <application>MPlayer</application> będzie czytał |
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364 ze standardowego wejścia komendy oddzielone znakami nowego wiersza (\n). |
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365 Komendy zostały udokumentowane w pliku |
13904 | 366 <ulink url="../../tech/slave.txt">slave.txt</ulink> |
11176 | 367 </para> |
368 </sect2> | |
369 </sect1> | |
370 | |
371 | |
21735 | 372 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --> |
373 | |
20434 | 374 |
11176 | 375 <sect1 id="streaming"> |
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376 <title>Strumieniowanie z sieci i potoków</title> |
11176 | 377 |
378 <para> | |
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379 <application>MPlayer</application> potrafi odtwarzać pliki z sieci, używając |
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380 protokołów HTTP, FTP, MMS lub RTSP/RTP. |
11176 | 381 </para> |
382 | |
383 <para> | |
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384 Odtwarzanie następuje przez proste podanie URLa w wierszu poleceń. |
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385 <application>MPlayer</application> zwraca również uwagę na zmienną środowiskową |
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386 <envar>http_proxy</envar> i używa proxy jeśli jest to możliwe. Korzystanie |
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387 z proxy może być również wymuszone za pomocą: |
21735 | 388 <screen> |
389 mplayer <replaceable>http_proxy://proxy.micorsops.com:3128/http://micorsops.com:80/strumien.asf</replaceable> | |
390 </screen> | |
11176 | 391 </para> |
392 | |
393 <para> | |
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394 <application>MPlayer</application> potrafi również czytać ze standardowego wejścia |
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395 (<emphasis>nie</emphasis> z nazwanych potoków). Może to być wykorzystane np. do |
11176 | 396 odtwarzania poprzez FTP: |
21735 | 397 <screen>i |
398 wget <replaceable>ftp://micorsops.com/cokolwiek.avi</replaceable> -O - | mplayer - | |
399 </screen> | |
11176 | 400 </para> |
401 | |
402 <note><para> | |
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403 Zalecane jest również włączenie <option>-cache</option> przy odtwarzaniu |
11543 | 404 z sieci: |
21735 | 405 <screen> |
406 wget <replaceable>ftp://micorsops.com/cokolwiek.avi</replaceable> -O - | mplayer -cache 8192 - | |
407 </screen> | |
11176 | 408 </para></note> |
16055 | 409 |
21735 | 410 <!-- ********** --> |
411 | |
16055 | 412 <sect2 id="streaming-save"> |
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413 <title>Zapisywanie strumieniowanej zawartości</title> |
21735 | 414 |
16055 | 415 <para> |
21735 | 416 Jak już uda Ci się zmusić <application>MPlayera</application> do odtwarzania |
417 Twojego ulubionego strumienia internetowego, możesz użyć opcji | |
418 <option>-dumpstream</option> aby zapisać strumień do pliku. | |
419 Na przykład: | |
16055 | 420 <screen> |
21735 | 421 mplayer <replaceable>http://217.71.208.37:8006</replaceable> -dumpstream -dumpfile <replaceable>strumien.asf</replaceable> |
16055 | 422 </screen> |
21735 | 423 zapisze zawartość strumieniowaną z |
424 <replaceable>http://217.71.208.37:8006</replaceable> do pliku | |
425 <replaceable>stream.asf</replaceable>. | |
426 Działa to ze wszystkimi protokołami obsługiwanymi przez | |
427 <application>MPlayera</application>, jak MMS, RSTP itd. | |
16055 | 428 </para> |
429 </sect2> | |
11176 | 430 </sect1> |
431 | |
20434 | 432 |
21735 | 433 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --> |
434 | |
20434 | 435 |
11176 | 436 <sect1 id="mpst" xreflabel="Remote streams"> |
437 <title>Strumienie zdalne</title> | |
438 | |
439 <para> | |
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440 Strumienie zdalne pozwalają na dostęp do większości strumieni obsługiwanych |
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441 przez <application>MPlayera</application> ze zdalnego hosta. Głównym celem tej |
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442 funkcji jest umożliwienie bezpośredniego korzystania z napędu CD lub DVD innego |
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443 komputera w sieci (pod warunkiem posiadania odpowiedniej przepustowości). |
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444 Niestety niektóre typy strumieni (aktualnie TV oraz MF) nie są dostępne zdalnie, |
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445 gdyż są zaimplementowane na poziomie demultipleksera. Jest to przykre w |
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446 przypadku MF, gdyż TV i tak by wymagało szalonej przepustowości. |
11176 | 447 </para> |
448 | |
21735 | 449 <!-- ********** --> |
450 | |
11176 | 451 <sect2 id="compile_mpst_server"> |
452 <title>Kompilacja serwera</title> | |
21735 | 453 |
11176 | 454 <para> |
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455 Po kompilacji <application>MPlayera</application> wejdź do katalogu |
11176 | 456 <filename>TOOLS/netstream</filename> i wpisz <application>make</application> |
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457 by zbudować program serwera. Możesz wtedy skopiować program |
11176 | 458 <application>nestream</application> do odpowiedniego miejsca w Twoim |
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459 systemie (przeważnie <filename class="directory">/usr/local/bin</filename> |
11176 | 460 pod Linuksem). |
461 </para> | |
462 </sect2> | |
463 | |
21735 | 464 <!-- ********** --> |
465 | |
11176 | 466 <sect2 id="use_mpst"> |
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467 <title>Używanie strumieni zdalnych</title> |
21735 | 468 |
11176 | 469 <para> |
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470 Najpierw musisz uruchomić serwer na komputerze, do którego masz zamiar mieć |
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471 dostęp zdalny. Aktualnie serwer jest bardzo podstawowy i nie ma żadnych |
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472 argumentów wiersza poleceń, więc po prostu wpisz <filename>netstream</filename>. |
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473 Teraz możesz np. odtworzyć drugą ścieżkę VCD na serwerze za pomocą: |
11176 | 474 <screen> |
11718 | 475 mplayer -cache 5000 <replaceable>mpst://nazwa_serwera/vcd://2</replaceable> |
11176 | 476 </screen> |
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477 Masz również dostęp do plików na tym serwerze: |
11176 | 478 <screen> |
11718 | 479 mplayer -cache 5000 <replaceable>mpst://nazwa_serwera//usr/local/movies/lol.avi</replaceable> |
11176 | 480 </screen> |
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481 Zauważ, że ścieżki, które nie zaczynają się na "/" będą względne do katalogu, |
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482 w którym uruchomiono serwer. Opcja <option>-cache</option> nie jest wymagana, |
11176 | 483 lecz bardzo zalecana. |
484 </para> | |
485 | |
486 <para> | |
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487 Miej na uwadze to, że aktualnie serwer nie ma żadnych zabezpieczeń. Nie narzekaj |
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488 więc na liczne nadużycia, które są przez to możliwe. Zamiast tego wyślij jakąś |
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489 (dobrą) łatkę, by stał się lepszy lub napisz swój własny serwer. |
11176 | 490 </para> |
491 </sect2> | |
492 </sect1> | |
11787 | 493 |
20434 | 494 |
21735 | 495 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --> |
496 | |
20434 | 497 |
31890
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498 <sect1 id="drives"> |
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499 <title>Napędy CD/DVD</title> |
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500 |
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501 <para> |
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502 Nowoczesne napędy CD-ROM osiągają bardzo duże prędkości. Niektóre z nich są |
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503 dodatkowo zdolne do pracy przy zredukowanych prędkościach. Oto kilka powodów, |
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504 dla których powinniśmy zastanowić się czy nie należy zredukować prędkości |
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505 naszego napędu: |
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506 </para> |
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507 |
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508 <itemizedlist> |
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509 <listitem><para> |
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510 Istnieją doniesienia o błędach odczytu przy dużych prędkościach, szczególnie |
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511 podczas używania uszkodzonych bądź wadliwie wytłoczonych/nagranych płyt CD. |
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512 Redukcja prędkości odczytu może uchronić nas przed utratą danych w takich |
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513 przypadkach. |
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514 </para></listitem> |
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515 |
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516 <listitem><para> |
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517 Wiele napędów CD jest dokuczliwie głośnych. Redukcja prędkości może zmniejszyć |
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518 natężenie hałasu. |
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519 </para></listitem> |
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520 </itemizedlist> |
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521 |
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522 <!-- ********** --> |
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523 |
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524 <sect2 id="drives_linux"> |
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525 <title>Linux</title> |
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526 |
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527 <para> |
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528 Możesz zredukować prędkość napędu CD z interfejsem IDE korzystając |
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529 z <command>hdparm</command>, <command>setcd</command> lub |
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530 <command>cdctl</command>. |
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531 Działają one w następujący sposób: |
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532 <screen>hdparm -E <replaceable>[prędkość]</replaceable> <replaceable>[urządzenie cdrom]</replaceable></screen> |
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533 <screen>setcd -x <replaceable>[prędkość]</replaceable> <replaceable>[urządzenie cdrom]</replaceable></screen> |
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534 <screen>cdctl -bS <replaceable>[speed]</replaceable></screen> |
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535 </para> |
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536 |
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537 <para> |
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538 Jeśli używasz emulacji SCSI, możesz musieć zastosować ustawienia do prawdziwego |
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539 urządzenia IDE a nie emulowanego SCSI. |
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540 </para> |
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541 |
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542 <para> |
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543 Jeżeli masz uprawnienia roota, to pomóc może także następująca komenda: |
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544 <screen>echo file_readahead:2000000 > /proc/ide/<replaceable>[urządzenie cdrom]</replaceable>/settings</screen> |
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545 </para> |
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546 |
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547 |
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548 <para> |
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549 Ustawiamy w ten sposób wielkość bufora odczytu na 2MB, co pomaga przy odczycie |
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550 porysowanych płyt. Jeżeli ustawimy zbyt dużą wielkość tego bufora, napęd będzie |
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551 stale rozkręcał się i zwalniał, co spowoduje bardzo znaczny spadek wydajności. |
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552 Zaleca się również dostrojenie napędu CD-ROM przy użyciu |
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553 <command>hdparm</command>: |
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554 <screen>hdparm -d1 -a8 -u1 <replaceable>[urządzenie cdrom]</replaceable></screen> |
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555 </para> |
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556 |
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557 <para> |
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558 Włączamy w ten sposób dostęp DMA do dysku, czytanie z wyprzedzeniem i |
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559 odmaskowanie IRQ (IRQ unmasking) (więcej przeczytasz na stronach man do |
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560 <command>hdparm</command>) |
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561 </para> |
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562 |
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563 <para> |
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564 Proszę sprawdzić |
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565 "<filename>/proc/ide/<replaceable>[urządzenie cdrom]</replaceable>/settings</filename>" |
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566 by dostroić swój napędu CD-ROM. |
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567 </para> |
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568 |
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569 <para> |
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570 Dla napędów SCSI nie istnieje jednolity sposób ustawiawiania tych parametrów |
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571 (jeżeli znasz jakiś to napisz nam o nim). Istnieje narzędzie które działa z |
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572 <ulink url="http://das.ist.org/~georg/">napędami SCSI Plextor</ulink>. |
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573 </para> |
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574 </sect2> |
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575 |
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576 <!-- ********** --> |
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577 |
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578 <sect2 id="drives_freebsd"> |
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579 <title>FreeBSD</title> |
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580 |
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581 <para>Prędkość: |
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582 <screen> |
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583 cdcontrol [-f <replaceable>urządzenie</replaceable>] speed <replaceable>[prędkość]</replaceable> |
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584 </screen> |
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585 </para> |
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586 |
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587 <para>DMA: |
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588 <screen> |
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589 sysctl hw.ata.atapi_dma=1 |
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590 </screen> |
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591 </para> |
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592 </sect2> |
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593 |
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594 </sect1> |
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595 |
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596 |
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597 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --> |
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598 |
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599 |
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600 <sect1 id="dvd"> |
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601 <title>Odtwarzanie DVD</title> |
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602 |
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603 <para> |
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604 Aby poznać pełną listę dostępnych opcji, proszę przeczytać odpowiednie strony |
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605 man. Składnia do odtwarzania standardowego DVD jest następująca: |
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606 <screen> |
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607 mplayer dvd://<replaceable><ścieżka></replaceable> [-dvd-device <replaceable><urządzenie></replaceable>] |
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608 </screen> |
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609 </para> |
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610 |
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611 <para> |
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612 Przykład: |
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613 <screen>mplayer dvd://1 -dvd-device /dev/hdc</screen> |
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614 </para> |
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615 |
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616 <para> |
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617 Jeśli skompilowałeś <application>MPlayera</application> z obsługą dvdnav, |
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618 składnia jest taka sama, tylko musisz użyć dvdnav:// zamiast dvd://. |
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619 </para> |
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620 |
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621 <para> |
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622 Domyślnym urządzeniem (device) DVD jest <filename>/dev/dvd</filename>. Jeżeli |
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623 Twoje ustawienia są inne, stwórz odpowiedni symlink lub ustaw odpowiednie |
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624 urządzenie (device) w linii polecenia korzystając z opcji |
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625 <option>-dvd-device</option>. |
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626 </para> |
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627 |
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628 <para> |
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629 <application>MPlayer</application> używa <systemitem>libdvdread</systemitem> |
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630 oraz <systemitem>libdvdcss</systemitem> do odtwarzania i dekodowania DVD. |
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631 Te dwie biblioteki są zawarte |
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632 w głównym drzewie źródłowym <application>MPlayera</application>, nie trzeba |
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633 instalować ich osobno. |
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634 Możesz też użyć systemowych wersji tych bibliotek, ale nie jest to zalecane, |
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635 ponieważ może spowodować błędy, niekompatybilności bibliotek oraz zmniejszenie |
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636 prędkości. |
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637 </para> |
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638 |
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639 <note><para> |
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640 Jeśli występują problemy z dekodowaniem DVD, spróbuj wyłączyć supermount lub |
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641 inne tego typu usługi. Niektóre napędy RPC-2 mogą również wymagać ustawienia |
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642 kodu regionu DVD. |
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643 </para></note> |
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644 |
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645 <formalpara> |
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646 <title>Struktura dysku DVD</title> |
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647 <para> |
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648 Dyski DVD mają po 2048 bajtów na sektor z ECC/CRC. Zwykle posiadają system |
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649 plików UDF na pojedynczej ścieżce zawierającej różnorakie pliki (małe pliki .IFO |
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650 i .BUK oraz duże (1GB) pliki .VOB). |
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651 Są one rzeczywistymi plikami i mogą być kopiowane/odtwarzane z podmontowanego |
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652 systemu plików niezakodowanego DVD. |
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653 </para> |
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654 </formalpara> |
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655 |
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656 <para> |
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657 Pliki .IFO zawierają informacje nawigacyjne filmu (mapa |
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658 rozdziałów/tytułów/kątów kamery, tablica języków, itp) i są konieczne do |
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659 odczytu i interpretacji zawartości pliku .VOB (filmu). |
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660 Pliki .BUK są kopiami zapasowymi plików .IFO. |
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661 Używają <emphasis role="bold">sektorów</emphasis> wszędzie, więc aby |
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662 zaimplementować nawigację na DVD lub rozszyfrować zawartość, należy używać |
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663 adresowania sektorów dysku w trybie raw. |
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664 </para> |
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665 |
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666 <para> |
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667 Z tego powodu obsługa DVD wymaga |
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668 dostępu do urządzenia w trybie raw bazującym na sektorach. Niestety wymagane |
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669 jest (pod Linuksem) posiadanie uprawnień roota aby móc korzystać z sektorowego |
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670 adresowania pliku. |
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671 Dlatego też nie w ogóle używamy sterownika systemu plików pochodzącego |
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672 z jądra, ale reimplementujemy to w przestrzeni użytkownika. |
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673 Zajmuje się tym biblioteka <systemitem>libdvdread</systemitem> 0.9.x. |
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674 Sterownik |
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675 systemu plików UDF zawarty w jądrze nie jest wymagany ponieważ wspomniane |
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676 biblioteki zawierają własny, wbudowany sterownik systemu plików UDF. DVD nie |
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677 musi być podmontowany, bowiem używany jest jedynie dostęp w trybie raw. |
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678 </para> |
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679 |
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680 <para> |
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681 Czasami <filename>/dev/dvd</filename> nie może być czytany przez użytkowników, |
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682 zatem autorzy <systemitem>libdvdread</systemitem> zaimplementowali warstwę |
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683 emulacji, która tłumaczy adresowanie sektorowe na nazwy plików i offsety, aby |
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684 emulować dostęp w trybie raw na podmontowanym systemie plików albo nawet na |
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685 twardym dysku. |
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686 </para> |
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687 |
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688 <para> |
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689 <systemitem>libdvdread</systemitem> równie dobrze akceptuje miejsce |
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690 podmontowania (mountpoint) jak i nazwę urządzenia przy dostępie w trybie raw i |
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691 sprawdza <filename>/proc/mounts</filename> w celu odnalezienia odpowiedniej |
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692 nazwy urządzenia (device). Zostało to napisane z myślą o systemie Solaris, gdzie |
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693 nazwy urządzeń są przydzielane automatycznie. |
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694 </para> |
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695 |
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696 <formalpara> |
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697 <title>Deszyfrowanie DVD</title> |
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698 <para> |
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699 Do deszyfrowania DVD jest używana biblioteka |
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700 <systemitem>libdvdcss</systemitem>. Metoda jej działania może być określona |
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701 poprzez zmienna środowiskową <envar>DVDCSS_METHOD</envar>, |
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702 co jest dokładniej opisane na stronie man. |
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703 </para> |
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704 </formalpara> |
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705 |
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706 <para> |
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707 Napędy DVD RPC-1 zabezpieczają ustawienia regionu jedynie poprzez |
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708 oprogramowanie. Napędy RPC-2 mają sprzętowe zabezpieczenie, które pozwala na co |
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709 najwyżej 5 zmian. Jeżeli posiadamy napęd DVD RPC-2 wymagana/zalecana jest |
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710 aktualizacja firmware'u do RPC-1. |
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711 Nowe wersje firmware'ów można znaleźć w internecie. |
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712 Poszukiwania radzimy rozpocząć od |
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713 <ulink url="http://forum.rpc-1.com/dl_all.php">forum firmware'ów</ulink>. |
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714 Jeżeli nie ma tam nowej wersji firmware'u dla naszego urządzenia, użyj |
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715 <ulink url="http://linvdr.org/projects/regionset/">regionset tool |
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716 (narzędzia do zmiany regionów)</ulink> aby ustawić kod regionu na swoim napędzie |
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717 DVD (pod Linuksem). <emphasis role="bold">Ostrzeżenie</emphasis>: Możesz |
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718 ustawić region tylko 5 razy. |
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719 </para> |
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720 </sect1> |
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721 |
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722 |
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723 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --> |
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724 |
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725 |
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726 <sect1 id="vcd"> |
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727 <title>Odtwarzanie VCD</title> |
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728 |
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729 <para> |
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730 Pełna lista dostępnych opcji znajduje się na stronie man. Składnia dla |
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731 standardowego Video CD (VCD) jest następująca: |
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732 <screen>mplayer vcd://<replaceable><ścieżka></replaceable> [-cdrom-device <replaceable><urządzenie></replaceable>]</screen> |
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733 Przykład: |
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734 <screen>mplayer vcd://2 -cdrom-device /dev/hdc</screen> |
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735 Domyślnym urządzeniem VCD jest <filename>/dev/cdrom</filename>. Jeśli |
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736 Twoje ustawienia są inne, utwórz dowiązanie symboliczne |
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737 lub podaj prawidłowe urządzenie w linii poleceń za pomocą opcji |
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738 <option>-cdrom-device</option> |
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739 </para> |
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740 |
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741 <note><para> |
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742 Przynajmniej napędy CD-ROM SCSI firmy Plextor i niektóre modele Toshiby |
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743 mają beznadziejną wydajność przy odczycie VCD. Jest to spowodowane |
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744 niekompletną implementacją <systemitem>ioctl</systemitem>'a CDROMREADRAW dla |
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745 tych urządzeń. Jeśli masz jakieś pojęcie o programowaniu SCSI, |
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746 <ulink url="../../tech/patches.txt">pomóż nam</ulink> zaimplementować ogólną |
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747 obsługę SCSI dla VCD. |
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748 </para></note> |
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749 |
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750 <para> |
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751 W międzyczasie możesz wyciągać dane z VCD za pomocą |
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752 <ulink url="http://ftp.ntut.edu.tw/ftp/OS/Linux/packages/X/viewers/readvcd/">readvcd</ulink> |
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753 i odtwarzać plik wynikowy za pomocą <application>MPlayera</application> |
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754 </para> |
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755 |
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756 <formalpara> |
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757 <title>Struktura VCD</title> |
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758 <para> |
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759 Video CD (VCD) składa się z sektorów CD-ROM XA, tzn. ścieżek CD-ROM |
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760 mode 2 form 1 i form 2: |
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761 <itemizedlist> |
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762 <listitem><para> |
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763 Pierwsza ścieżka jest w formacie mode 2 form 2, który oznacza użycie korekcji |
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764 błędów L2. Ścieżka ta zawiera system plików ISO-9660 o gęstości 2048 |
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765 bajtów/sektor. Ten system plików z kolei zawiera metainformacje VCD, a także |
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766 nieruchome klatki, często używane w menu. Segmenty MPEG dla menu mogą także |
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767 być składowane w tejże pierwszej ścieżce, ale MPEGi muszą być podzielone na |
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768 kawałki po 150 sektorów. System plików ISO-9660 może zawierać inne pliki bądź |
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769 programy, niekonieczne dla eksploatacji VCD. |
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770 </para></listitem> |
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771 |
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772 <listitem><para> |
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773 Druga i pozostałe ścieżki są zwykle ścieżkami video MPEG typu raw o gęstości |
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774 2324 bajtów/sektor, zawierającymi jeden pakiet danych MGEG PS na sektor. |
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775 Ścieżki te są w formacje mode 2 form 1, więc przechowują one więcej danych na |
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776 sektor, w zamian za słabszą korekcję błędów. Możliwe są też ścieżki CD-DA na |
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777 VCD poza pierwszą ścieżką. Niektóre systemy operacyjne używają pewnych |
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778 trików aby ścieżki nie zawierające systemu plików ISO-9660 były widoczne |
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779 w systemie plików. W pozostałych systemach, jak na przykład w systemie |
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780 GNU/Linux, nie ma takiej możliwości (jeszcze). W takim przypadku dane MPEG |
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781 <emphasis role="bold">nie mogą być montowane</emphasis>. |
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782 Jako że większość filmów znajduje się na tego typu ścieżce, |
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783 powinieneś spróbować na początek opcji <option>vcd://2</option>. |
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784 </para></listitem> |
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785 |
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786 <listitem><para> |
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787 Istnieją również płyty VCD bez pierwszej ścieżki (pojedyncza ścieżka i |
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788 brak systemu plików w ogóle). Je również da się odtwarzać, ale nie da |
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789 się ich montować. |
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790 </para></listitem> |
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791 |
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792 <listitem><para> |
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793 Definicja standardu Video CD, nazywana "Białą Księgą" Phillipsa, |
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794 generalnie nie jest dostępna online, musi być zakupiona u Phillipsa. |
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795 Bardziej szczegółowe informacje na temat Video CD można znaleźć na |
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796 <ulink url="http://www.vcdimager.org/pub/vcdimager/manuals/0.7/vcdimager.html#SEC4">stronie dokumentacji vcdimagera</ulink>. |
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797 </para></listitem> |
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798 </itemizedlist> |
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799 </para> |
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800 </formalpara> |
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801 |
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802 <formalpara> |
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803 <title>O plikach .DAT</title> |
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804 <para> |
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805 Plik o rozmiarze ok. 600 MB widoczny na pierwszej ścieżce zamontowanego VCD |
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806 nie jest prawdziwym plikiem ! Jest on tzw. bramką ISO, utworzoną by |
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807 Windows mógł obsługiwać takie ścieżki (Windows w ogóle nie zezwala aplikacjom |
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808 na dostęp do urządzeń w trybie raw). Pod Linuksem nie możesz kopiować ani |
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809 odtwarzać tych plików (zawierają "śmieci"). Pod Windows jest to możliwe, gdyż |
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810 jego sterownik iso9660 symuluje odczyt ścieżek w trybie raw za pomocą tego |
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811 pliku. By móc odtwarzać pliki .DAT, musisz mieć sterownik do jądra, który |
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812 dostarczany jest z linuksową wersją PowerDVD. Posiada on zmodyfikowany sterownik |
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813 systemu plików iso9660 (<filename>vcdfs/isofs-2.4.X.o</filename>), który jest w |
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814 stanie symulować odczyt ścieżek w trybie raw za pomocą pliku .DAT. Jeśli |
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815 podmontujesz płytę używając ich sterownika, możesz kopiować, a nawet odtwarzać |
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816 pliki .DAT za pomocą <application>MPlayera</application>. Ale nie będzie to |
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817 działało za pomocą standardowego sterownika iso9660 dostarczonego z jądrem |
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818 Linuksa! Zamiast tego użyj opcji <option>vcd://</option>. Alternatywą dla |
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819 kopiowania VCD jest nowy sterownik: |
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820 <ulink url="http://www.elis.rug.ac.be/~ronsse/cdfs/">cdfs</ulink> (nie jest |
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821 częścią oficjalnego jądra), który wyświetla sesje CD jako pliki obrazów, oraz |
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822 <ulink url="http://cdrdao.sf.net/">cdrdao</ulink>, program do zgrywania |
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823 płyt CD bit po bicie. |
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824 </para> |
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825 </formalpara> |
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826 </sect1> |
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827 |
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828 |
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829 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --> |
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830 |
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831 |
11787 | 832 <sect1 id="edl" xreflabel="Edit Decision Lists (EDL)"> |
833 <title>Decyzyjne Listy Edycji (Edit Decision Lists - EDL)</title> | |
834 | |
835 <para> | |
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836 Decyzyjna lista edycji (EDL) pozwala na automatyczne omijanie, bądź wyciszanie |
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837 fragmentów filmów podczas ich odtwarzania, na podstawie pliku konfiguracji EDL |
11787 | 838 dla danego filmu. |
839 </para> | |
840 | |
841 <para> | |
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842 Funkcja ta jest użyteczna dla osób, które zechcą obejrzeć film w "przyjaznym |
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843 dla rodziny" trybie. Możesz usunąć z filmu przemoc, przekleństwa, Jar-Jar |
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844 Binksa, zgodnie z własnymi preferencjami. Ponadto istnieją także inne |
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845 zastosowania, jak automatyczne pomijanie reklam w oglądanych filmach. |
11787 | 846 </para> |
847 | |
848 <para> | |
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849 Format pliku EDL jest raczej "goły". Używana jest struktura z pojedynczym |
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850 poleceniem w wierszu, w którym określone jest co należy zrobić (skip/mute), |
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851 oraz kiedy (używając opóźnienia w sekundach). |
11787 | 852 </para> |
853 | |
21735 | 854 <!-- ********** --> |
855 | |
11787 | 856 <sect2 id="edl_using"> |
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857 <title>Używanie pliku EDL</title> |
21735 | 858 |
11787 | 859 <para> |
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860 Użyj podczas uruchamiania <application>MPlayera</application> flagi |
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861 <option>-edl <nazwa pliku></option> z nazwą pliku EDL, który ma być |
11787 | 862 zastosowany do filmu. |
863 </para> | |
864 </sect2> | |
865 | |
21735 | 866 <!-- ********** --> |
867 | |
11787 | 868 <sect2 id="edl_making"> |
869 <title>Tworzenie pliku EDL</title> | |
21735 | 870 |
11787 | 871 <para> |
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872 Aktualny format pliku EDL jest następujący: |
21735 | 873 <programlisting>[sekunda początkowa] [sekunda końcowa] [akcja]</programlisting> |
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874 gdzie liczby odpowiadające sekundom nie muszą być całkowite, zaś akcja może |
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875 przyjmować wartość <literal>0</literal> dla pominięcia bądź |
11787 | 876 <literal>1</literal> dla wyciszenia. |
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877 Na przykład: |
11787 | 878 <programlisting> |
879 5.3 7.1 0 | |
880 15 16.7 1 | |
881 420 422 0 | |
882 </programlisting> | |
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883 Oznacza to pominięcie filmu między 5,3 sekundą, a 7,1 sekundą filmu, następnie |
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884 wyciszenie od 15-tej sekundy do 16,7 sekundy i wreszcie pominięcie filmu |
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885 pomiędzy 420 a 422 sekundą Akcje te są wykonywane, gdy licznik czasu filmu |
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886 osiągnie zadeklarowaną wartość. |
11787 | 887 </para> |
888 | |
889 <para> | |
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890 Aby stworzyć plik EDL, będący punktem wyjścia do dalszej edycji, użyj flagi |
11787 | 891 <option>-edlout <nazwa pliku></option>. |
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892 Następnie, podczas odtwarzania filmu, naciśnij <keycap>i</keycap>, aby oznaczyć |
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893 początek i koniec bloku do pominięcia. |
20434 | 894 Odpowiedni wpis zostanie automatycznie utworzony w pliku. |
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895 Wtedy możesz wrócić do edycji i "dostrajania" wygenerowanego pliku EDL, |
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896 w którym możesz także zmienić domyślne pomijanie bloku na wyciszanie. |
11787 | 897 </para> |
898 </sect2> | |
899 </sect1> | |
900 | |
20434 | 901 |
21735 | 902 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --> |
903 | |
20434 | 904 |
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905 <sect1 id="advaudio" xreflabel="Advanced Audio"> |
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|
906 <title>Zaawansowane audio</title> |
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|
907 |
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|
908 <sect2 id="advaudio-surround"> |
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909 <title>Dźwięk przestrzenny/wielokanałowy</title> |
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|
910 |
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|
911 <sect3 id="advaudio-surround-DVD"> |
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912 <title>DVDs</title> |
21735 | 913 |
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|
914 <para> |
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915 Większość płyt DVD, a także wiele innych plików, zawiera dźwięk przestrzenny. |
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916 <application>MPlayer</application> obsługuje dźwięk przestrzenny, ale opcja ta |
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|
917 nie jest domyślnie włączona, ponieważ sprzęt przeznaczony dla zwykłego stereo |
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918 jest znacznie bedziej popularny. Aby odtworzyć plik zawierający więcej niż dwa |
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919 kanały audio, użyj opcji <option>-channels</option>. |
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920 Na przykład, aby odtworzyć DVD z audio 5.1: |
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|
921 <screen>mplayer dvd://1 -channels 6</screen> |
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922 Zauważmy, że mimo nazwy "5.1", używanych jest 6 kanałów. |
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923 Jeżeli posiadasz sprzęt pozwalający na odtwarzanie dźwięku przestrzennego możesz |
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924 bezpiecznie wpisać <option>channels</option> do swojego pliku konfiguracyjnego |
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|
925 <application>MPlayera</application> (<filename>~/.mplayer/config</filename>). |
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926 Przykładowo, aby domyślnie włączyć efekt kwadrofonii, należy dodać wiersz: |
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|
927 <programlisting>channels=4</programlisting> |
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928 Od tego momentu, <application>MPlayer</application> będzie odtwarzał cztery |
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929 kanały audio, zawsze gdy będą one dostępne. |
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|
930 </para> |
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|
931 </sect3> |
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|
932 |
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|
933 |
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|
934 <sect3 id="advaudio-surround-stereoinfour"> |
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935 <title>Odtwarzanie plików stereo przy użyciu czterech głośników</title> |
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|
936 |
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|
937 <para> |
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938 <application>MPlayer</application> standardowo nie duplikuje kanałów, ani nie |
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|
939 robi tego większość sterowników audio. Jeżeli chcesz zrobić to ręcznie: |
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|
940 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af channels=2:2:0:1:0:0</screen> |
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|
941 Zobacz sekcję o |
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|
942 <link linkend="advaudio-channels-copying">kopiowaniu kanałów</link>, |
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convert DOCS/xml/pl and help/help_mp-pl* to UTF-8
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|
943 jest tam wyjaśnienie tego polecenia. |
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|
944 </para> |
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|
945 </sect3> |
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|
946 |
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|
947 |
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|
948 <sect3 id="advaudio-surround-passthrough"> |
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|
949 <title>Przekazywanie AC3/DTS</title> |
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|
950 |
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|
951 <para> |
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952 Dźwięk przestrzenny na płytach DVD zazwyczaj kodowany jest w formacie AC3 |
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|
953 (Dolby Digital) lub DTS (Digital Theater System). Część współczesnego sprzętu |
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|
954 audio jest w stanie dekodować te formaty. |
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|
955 <application>MPlayer</application> może zostać skonfigurowany, aby przekazywał |
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956 dane audio bez ich dekodowania. Rozwiązanie takie będzie działało tylko, jeżeli |
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|
957 posiadasz w swojej karcie muzycznej złącze S/PDIF (Sony/Philips Digital Interface). |
19179
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|
958 </para> |
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|
959 |
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|
960 <para> |
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961 Jeżeli twój sprzęt audio potrafi dekodować zarówno AC3 jak i DTS, możesz |
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|
962 bezpiecznie włączyć przekazywanie dla obu formatów. W przeciwnym razie, tylko |
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|
963 dla tego formatu, który jest obsługiwany przez Twój sprzęt. |
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|
964 </para> |
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|
965 |
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|
966 <itemizedlist> |
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967 <title>Aby włączyć przekazywanie z wiersza poleceń:</title> |
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|
968 <listitem><para> |
21735 | 969 dla AC3 użyj <option>-ac hwac3</option> |
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|
970 </para></listitem> |
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|
971 <listitem><para> |
21735 | 972 dla DTS użyj <option>-ac hwdts</option> |
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|
973 </para></listitem> |
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|
974 <listitem><para> |
21735 | 975 dla AC3 i DTS użyj <option>-afm hwac3</option> |
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|
976 </para></listitem> |
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|
977 </itemizedlist> |
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|
978 |
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|
979 <itemizedlist> |
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980 <title>Aby włączyć przekazywanie w pliku konfiguracyjnym |
21735 | 981 <application>MPlayera</application>: </title> |
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|
982 <listitem><para> |
21735 | 983 dla AC3 użyj <option>ac=hwac3,</option> |
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|
984 </para></listitem> |
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|
985 <listitem><para> |
21735 | 986 dla DTS użyj <option>ac=hwdts,</option> |
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|
987 </para></listitem> |
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988 <listitem><para> |
21735 | 989 dla AC3 i DTS użyj <option>afm=hwac3</option> |
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|
990 </para></listitem> |
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|
991 </itemizedlist> |
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992 |
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993 <para> |
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994 Zauważ, że na końcu opcji <option>ac=hwac3,</option> oraz |
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995 <option>ac=hwdts,</option> są przecinki. Powodują one, że |
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996 <application>MPlayer</application> będzie używał standardowych kodeków, które |
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997 są normalnie używane podczas odtwarzania plików, które nie posiadają dźwięku |
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998 AC3 ani DTS. |
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999 Opcja <option>afm=hwac3</option> nie wymaga przecinka, |
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1000 samo podanie rodziny kodeków powoduje że <application>MPlayer</application> |
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1001 wypróbuje inne gdy będzie musiał. |
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1002 </para> |
21735 | 1003 </sect3> |
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1004 |
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|
1005 |
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|
1006 <sect3 id="hwmpa-surround-passthrough"> |
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1007 <title>Przekazywanie dźwięku MPEG</title> |
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|
1008 |
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1009 <para> |
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1010 Cyfrowe transmisje TV (takie jak DVB czy ATSC), także niektóre płyty DVDs |
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1011 zazwyczaj zawierają strumienie audio w formacie MPEG (zazwyczaj MP2). |
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1012 Część sprzętowych dekoderów MPEG, takich jak pełnofunkcjonalne karty DVB, oraz |
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1013 adaptery DXR2, potrafi natywnie dekodować ten format. |
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1014 <application>MPlayer</application> może zostać tak skonfigurowany, aby przekazywać |
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1015 dane audio bez ich dekodowania. |
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|
1016 </para> |
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|
1017 |
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|
1018 <para> |
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1019 Aby użyć tego sposobu dekodowania: |
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1020 <screen> mplayer -ac hwmpa </screen> |
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1021 </para> |
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|
1022 </sect3> |
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|
1023 |
21735 | 1024 |
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|
1025 <sect3 id="advaudio-surround-matrix"> |
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1026 <title>Dźwięk zakodowany macierzowo</title> |
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|
1027 |
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1028 <para> |
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1029 <emphasis>***TODO***</emphasis> |
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1030 </para> |
21735 | 1031 |
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1032 <para> |
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1033 Ta sekcja musi dopiero zostać napisana i nie może zostać ukończona zanim |
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1034 ktoś nie dostarczy przykładowych plików do testów. Jeżeli posiadasz jakieś |
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1035 pliki audio zakodowane macierzowo (matrix-encoded), wiesz kto je posiada lub |
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1036 wiesz cokolwiek co mogłoby być pomocne, wyślij proszę informację na listę |
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|
1037 mailingową |
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1038 <ulink url="http://mplayerhq.hu/mailman/listinfo/mplayer-docs">MPlayer-DOCS</ulink> |
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|
1039 W temacie podaj "[matrix-encoded audio]". |
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1040 </para> |
21735 | 1041 |
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1042 <para> |
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1043 Jeżeli nie nadejdą żadne wiadomości, ta sekcja zostanie usunięta. |
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|
1044 </para> |
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|
1045 |
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|
1046 <para> |
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|
1047 Przydatne linki: |
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|
1048 <itemizedlist> |
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|
1049 <listitem><para> |
21735 | 1050 <ulink url="http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/surround-sound5.htm">http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/surround-sound5.htm</ulink> |
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|
1051 </para></listitem> |
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1052 <listitem><para> |
21735 | 1053 <ulink url="http://www.extremetech.com/article2/0,1697,1016875,00.asp">http://www.extremetech.com/article2/0,1697,1016875,00.asp</ulink> |
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|
1054 </para></listitem> |
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|
1055 </itemizedlist> |
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|
1056 </para> |
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|
1057 </sect3> |
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|
1058 |
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|
1059 |
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|
1060 <sect3 id="advaudio-surround-hrtf"> |
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|
1061 <title>Emulacja przestrzeni w słuchawkach</title> |
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|
1062 |
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|
1063 <para> |
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|
1064 <application>MPlayer</application> posiada filtr HRTF (Head Related Transfer |
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|
1065 Function) bazujący na <ulink url="http://sound.media.mit.edu/KEMAR.html">projekcie MIT</ulink>, |
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|
1066 w ramach którego wykonane zostały pomiary z mikrofonów zamontowanych na głowie |
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|
1067 ludzkiego manekina. |
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|
1068 </para> |
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|
1069 |
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|
1070 <para> |
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1071 Chociaż nie jest możliwe dokładne zasymulowanie systemu dźwięku przestrzennego, |
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1072 filtr HRTF zawarty w <application>MPlayerze</application> powoduje bardziej |
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1073 przestrzenne zanurzenie w dźwięku przy użyciu 2-kanałowych słuchawek. |
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1074 Standardowy procedura po prostu łączy wszystkie kanały w dwa. <option>hrtf</option>, |
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1075 obok łączenia kanałów, generuje także subtelne echa, nieznacznie zwiększa |
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1076 separację kanałów stereo, a także zmienia głośność niektórych częstotliwości. |
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1077 To, czy dźwięk HRTF brzmi lepiej, może zależeć od źródła dźwięku oraz gustu |
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1078 słuchacza, ale z pewnością jest on warty wypróbowania. |
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|
1079 </para> |
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|
1080 |
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1081 <para> |
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1082 Odtwarzanie DVD z HRTF: |
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1083 <screen>mplayer dvd://1 -channels 6 -af hrtf</screen> |
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1084 </para> |
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|
1085 |
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1086 <para> |
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1087 <option>hrtf</option> działa poprawnie tylko przy 5 i 6 kanałach. Opcja ta wymaga |
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1088 także audio próbkowanego z częstotliwością 48kHz. Audio na płytach DVD jest już |
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1089 próbkowane 48kHz, lecz jeżeli chcesz odtworzyć plik z innym próbkowaniem i opcją |
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1090 <option>hrtf</option>, musisz dokonać jego przepróbkowania tego pliku: |
21735 | 1091 <screen> |
1092 mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -channels 6 -af resample=48000,hrtf | |
1093 </screen> | |
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1094 </para> |
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1095 </sect3> |
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|
1096 |
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1097 |
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|
1098 <sect3 id="advaudio-surround-troubleshooting"> |
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1099 <title>Rozwiązywanie problemów</title> |
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1100 |
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1101 <para> |
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1102 Jeżeli nie słyszysz żadnych dźwięków, sprawdź ustawienia miksera przy pomocy |
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1103 stosownego programu, takiego jak <application>alsamixer</application>; |
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1104 niejednokrotnie wyjścia audio są domyślnie wyciszone lub ich głośność jest ustawiona |
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1105 na zero. |
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1106 </para> |
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1107 </sect3> |
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1108 </sect2> |
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1109 |
21735 | 1110 <!-- ********** --> |
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1111 |
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|
1112 <sect2 id="advaudio-channels"> |
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1113 <title>Manipulowanie kanałami</title> |
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|
1114 |
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1115 <sect3 id="advaudio-channels-general"> |
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1116 <title>Ogólne informacje</title> |
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1117 |
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1118 <para> |
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1119 Niestety nie ma żadnego standardu opisującego w jaki sposób kanały są uporządkowane. |
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1120 Poniższe porządki przedstawiają te używane przez AC3, które są dość typowe. Spróbuj |
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1121 ich i sprawdź czy odpowiednie źródła dźwięku się zgadzają. Kanały są numerowane od 0. |
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1122 |
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1123 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
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1124 <title>mono</title> |
21735 | 1125 <listitem override="0"><para>środkowy</para></listitem> |
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1126 </orderedlist> |
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1127 |
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1128 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
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1129 <title>stereo</title> |
21735 | 1130 <listitem override="0"><para>lewy</para></listitem> |
1131 <listitem><para>prawy</para></listitem> | |
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1132 </orderedlist> |
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1133 |
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1134 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
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1135 <title>kwadrofonia</title> |
21735 | 1136 <listitem override="0"><para>lewy przedni</para></listitem> |
1137 <listitem><para>prawy przedni</para></listitem> | |
1138 <listitem><para>lewy tylny</para></listitem> | |
1139 <listitem><para>prawy tylny</para></listitem> | |
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1140 </orderedlist> |
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1141 |
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1142 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
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1143 <title>surround 4.0</title> |
21735 | 1144 <listitem override="0"><para>lewy przedni</para></listitem> |
1145 <listitem><para>prawy przedni</para></listitem> | |
1146 <listitem><para>środkowy tylny</para></listitem> | |
1147 <listitem><para>środkowy przedni</para></listitem> | |
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1148 </orderedlist> |
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1149 |
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1150 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
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1151 <title>surround 5.0</title> |
21735 | 1152 <listitem override="0"><para>lewy przedni</para></listitem> |
1153 <listitem><para>prawy przedni</para></listitem> | |
1154 <listitem><para>lewy tylny</para></listitem> | |
1155 <listitem><para>prawy tylny</para></listitem> | |
1156 <listitem><para>środkowy przedni</para></listitem> | |
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1157 </orderedlist> |
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1158 |
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1159 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
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1160 <title>surround 5.1</title> |
21735 | 1161 <listitem override="0"><para>lewy przedni</para></listitem> |
1162 <listitem><para>prawy przedni</para></listitem> | |
1163 <listitem><para>lewy tylny</para></listitem> | |
1164 <listitem><para>prawy tylny</para></listitem> | |
1165 <listitem><para>środkowy przedni</para></listitem> | |
1166 <listitem><para>subwoofer (głośnik niskotonowy)</para></listitem> | |
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1167 </orderedlist> |
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1168 </para> |
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1169 |
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1170 <para> |
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1171 Opcja <option>-channels</option> jest używana w celu określenia liczby kanałów |
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1172 dekodowanego audio. Niektóre kodeki audio wykorzystują tę liczbę aby zdecydować |
29263
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1173 czy konieczne jest zmniejszenie liczby kanałów poprzez miksowanie. |
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1174 Zauważ, że ustawienie tej opcji nie jest równoważne z ustawieniem liczby |
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1175 wyjściowych kanałów. Przykładowo, używając opcji <option>-channels 4</option> |
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1176 aby odtworzyć plik stereo MP3, otrzymamy 2 kanały wyjściowe, bowiem kodek MP3 |
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1177 nie potrafi spreparować dodatkowych kanałów. |
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1178 </para> |
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1179 |
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1180 <para> |
20524
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1181 Filtr audio <option>channels</option> może być użyty aby stworzyć lub usunąć kanały, |
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1182 co może być przydatne przy określaniu liczy kanałów przesyłanych do karty muzycznej. |
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1183 Aby dowiedzieć się więcej, zobacz kolejne sekcje. |
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1184 </para> |
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1185 </sect3> |
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1186 |
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1187 |
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1188 <sect3 id="advaudio-channels-mono"> |
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1189 <title>Odtwarzanie dźwięku mono przy użyciu dwóch głośników</title> |
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1190 |
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1191 <para> |
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1192 Dźwięk mono brzmi znacznie lepiej, gdy jest odtwarzany przy użyciu dwóch |
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1193 głośników - szczególnie gdy używamy słuchawek. Pliki audio, które posiadają |
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1194 tylko jeden kanał audio są automatycznie odtwarzane przy użyciu obu głośników; |
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1195 niestety większość plików mono jest zakodowana jako dźwięk stereo, gdzie jeden |
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1196 kanał jest wyciszony. Najłatwiejszą i najbardziej niezawodną metodą pozwalającą |
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1197 na odtworzenie dźwięku przy użyciu obu głośników jest użycie filtru |
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1198 <option>extrastereo</option>: |
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1199 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af extrastereo=0</screen> |
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1200 </para> |
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1201 |
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1202 <para> |
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1203 Metoda ta uśrednia oba kanały, co skutkuje zmniejszeniu głośności każdego z kanałów |
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1204 o połowę względem oryginału. W następnej sekcji zawarto przykłady innych metod rozwiązania |
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1205 tego problemu bez zmniejszania głośności; niestety są one bardziej skomplikowanego |
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1206 i wymagają różnych opcji w zależności od kanału, który zawiera dane. |
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1207 Jeżeli na prawdę potrzebujesz utrzymać głośność, możliwe że łatwiej będzie odpowiednio |
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1208 dopasować głośność przy użyciu filtru <option>volume</option>. Na przykład: |
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1209 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af extrastereo=0,volume=5</screen> |
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1210 </para> |
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1211 </sect3> |
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1212 |
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1213 |
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1214 <sect3 id="advaudio-channels-copying"> |
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1215 <title>Kopiowanie i przesuwanie kanałów</title> |
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1216 |
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1217 <para> |
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1218 Filtr <option>channels</option> potrafi przesunąć dowolny jeden lub wszystkie kanały. |
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1219 Ustawienie wszystkich podopcji filtru <option>channels</option> może być |
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1220 skomplikowane i wymaga nieco uwagi. |
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1221 |
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1222 <orderedlist spacing="compact"> |
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1223 <listitem><para> |
21735 | 1224 Zdecyduj ile wyjściowych kanałów audio potrzebujesz. Oto pierwsza podopcja. |
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1225 </para></listitem> |
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1226 <listitem><para> |
21735 | 1227 Policz ile przesunięć kanałów zamierzasz wykonać. To jest druga podopcja. |
1228 Każdy kanał może być przesunięty do kilku różnych kanałów w tym samym czasie, | |
1229 ale pamiętaj, że gdy przesuniesz kanał (również gdy tylko do jednego kanału | |
1230 docelowego), źródło zostanie opróżnione, chyba że inny kanał zostanie tam | |
1231 przesunięty. Aby skopiować kanał, pozostawiając źródło nietknięte, po prostu | |
1232 przesuń kanał zarówno do miejsca kopiowania, jak i do źródła. Na przykład: | |
1233 <programlisting> | |
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1234 kanał 2 --> kanał 3 |
21735 | 1235 kanał 2 --> kanał 2<!-- |
1236 --></programlisting> | |
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1237 </para></listitem> |
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1238 <listitem><para> |
21735 | 1239 Wypisz kopie kanałów jako pary subopcji. Pamiętaj, że pierwszy kanał ma numer |
1240 0, drugi 1 itd. Kolejność subopcji nie jest istotna tak długo, ale muszą one | |
1241 być pogrupowane w pary typu | |
1242 <replaceable>źródło:cel</replaceable>. | |
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1243 </para></listitem> |
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1244 </orderedlist> |
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1245 </para> |
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1246 |
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1247 <bridgehead>Przykład: jeden kanał w dwóch głośnikach</bridgehead> |
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1248 <para> |
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1249 Oto przykład innej metody odtwarzania jednego kanału w dwóch głośnikach. |
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1250 Załóżmy, że lewy kanał ma być odtwarzany, a prawy ma zostać pominięty. |
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1251 Zgodnie z krokami opisanymi powyżej: |
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1252 <orderedlist> |
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1253 <listitem><para> |
21735 | 1254 Aby dostarczyć dźwięk do każdego z dwóch głośników, pierwsza opcja musi mieć |
1255 wartość "2". | |
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1256 </para></listitem> |
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1257 <listitem><para> |
21735 | 1258 Lewy kanał musi zostać przesunięty do prawego kanału oraz lewego, aby nie |
1259 został on pusty. Sumaryczna liczba przesunięć to dwa, zatem druga opcja to | |
1260 również "2". | |
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1261 </para></listitem> |
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1262 <listitem><para> |
21735 | 1263 Aby przesunąć lewy kanał (kanał 0) do kanału prawego (kanał 1), para subopcji |
1264 musi byc "0:1", "0:0" przesunie lewy kanał do siebie. | |
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1265 </para></listitem> |
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1266 </orderedlist> |
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1267 Po połączeniu wszystkiego razem otrzymamy: |
21735 | 1268 <screen> |
1269 mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af channels=2:2:0:1:0:0 | |
1270 </screen> | |
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1271 </para> |
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1272 |
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1273 <para> |
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1274 Przewaga tego przykładu nad opcją <option>extrastereo</option> jest taka, że |
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1275 głośność każdego z kanałów wyjściowych pozostanie taka sama jak kanału źródłowego. |
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1276 Wadą jest, że podopcje muszą zostać zmienione na "2:2:1:0:1:1", gdy dźwięk zawiera |
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1277 kanał prawy. Ponadto trudniej to zapamiętać i wpisać. |
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1278 </para> |
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1279 |
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1280 <bridgehead>Przykład: lewy kanał w obu głośnikach (skrót)</bridgehead> |
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1281 <para> |
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1282 Istnieje znacznie łatwiejsza metoda na użycie filtru <option>channels</option> w |
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1283 celu odtworzenia lewego kanału w dwóch głośnikach: |
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1284 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af channels=1</screen> |
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1285 Drugi kanał jest pomijany, a pierwszy jest pozostawiany, bez dodatkowych podopcji. |
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1286 Sterowniki kart muzycznych automatycznie odtwarzają jednokanałowy dźwięk wykorzystując |
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1287 oba głośniki. Oczywiście zadziała to tylko, gdy pożądanym kanałem jest kanał lewy. |
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1288 </para> |
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1289 |
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1290 <bridgehead>Przykład: kopiowanie kanałów przednich do kanałów tylnych</bridgehead> |
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1291 <para> |
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1292 Kolejną typową operacją jest kopiowanie kanałów przednich i odtwarzanie ich |
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1293 z tylnych głośników zestawu kwadrofonicznego. |
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1294 <orderedlist> |
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1295 <listitem><para> |
21735 | 1296 Potrzebujemy czterech kanałów wyjściowych, więc pierwsza podopcja to "4". |
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1297 </para></listitem> |
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1298 <listitem><para> |
21735 | 1299 Każdy z przednich kanałów musi zostać przesunięty do odpowiedniego kanału |
1300 tylnego oraz do siebie. W sumie użyte będą cztery przesunięcia, więc druga | |
1301 opcja to "4". | |
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1302 </para></listitem> |
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1303 <listitem><para> |
21735 | 1304 Lewy przedni kanał (kanał 0) musi zostać przesunięty do lewego tylnego (kanał |
1305 2): "0:2". Lewy przedni musi być także przesunięty do siebie: "0:0". Prawy | |
1306 przedni (kanał 1) musi zostać przesunięty do prawego tylnego (kanał 3): "1:3" | |
1307 oraz do siebie: "1:1". | |
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1308 </para></listitem> |
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1309 </orderedlist> |
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1310 Po połączeniu wszystkich podopcji otrzymujemy: |
21735 | 1311 <screen> |
1312 mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af channels=4:4:0:2:0:0:1:3:1:1 | |
1313 </screen> | |
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1314 </para> |
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1315 </sect3> |
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1316 |
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1317 |
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1318 <sect3 id="advaudio-channels-mixing"> |
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1319 <title>Miksowanie kanałów</title> |
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1320 |
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1321 <para> |
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1322 Filtr <option>pan</option> potrafi zmiksować kanały w określonych przez |
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1323 użytkownika proporcjach. Pozwala to na wykonanie wszystkiego tego co potrafi |
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1324 filtr <option>channels</option> i wiele więcej. Niestety podopcje są tutaj |
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1325 znacznie bardziej skomplikowane. |
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1326 <orderedlist> |
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1327 <listitem><para> |
21735 | 1328 Zdecyduj z iloma kanałami chcesz pracować. Aby to określić możesz potrzebować |
1329 użyć <option>-channels</option> i/lub <option>-af channels</option>. | |
1330 Późniejsze przykłady pokażą kiedy użyć którego. | |
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1331 </para></listitem> |
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1332 <listitem><para> |
21735 | 1333 Zdecyduj ile kanałów ma zostać wprowadzonych do <option>pan</option> (dalsze |
1334 dekodowane kanały zostaną porzucone). To jest pierwsza podopcja. Kontroluje | |
1335 ona także liczbę kanałów używanych jako wyjście. | |
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1336 </para></listitem> |
21735 | 1337 <listitem> |
1338 <para> | |
1339 Pozostałe podopcje określają jak dużą część danego kanału zmiksować do kanału | |
1340 docelowego. To jest najbardziej skomplikowana część. Aby sprostać temu | |
1341 zadaniu, podzielmy podopcje na kilka grup, po jednej dla każdego kanału | |
1342 wyjściowego. Każda podopcja w zbiorze odpowiada pojedynczemu kanałowi | |
1343 wejściowemu. Liczba, którą podasz odpowiada części kanału wejściowego, która | |
1344 zostanie zmiksowana w kanale wyjściowym. | |
1345 </para> | |
1346 <para> | |
1347 <option>pan</option> akceptuje wartości od 0 do 512, co odpowiada wartościom | |
1348 od 0% do 51200% oryginalnej głośności. Bądź ostrożny używając wartości | |
1349 większych od 1. Może to spowodować nie tylko bardzo duże zwiększenie | |
1350 głośności, ale także, jeżeli przekroczysz zakres swojej karty muzycznej, | |
1351 możesz usłyszeć okropne trzaski. Jeżeli chcesz, możesz stosować po filtrze | |
1352 <option>pan</option> dopisać <option>,volume</option>, co włączy obcinanie | |
1353 głośności, jednak najlepiej używać na tyle małych wartości parametrów | |
1354 <option>pan</option>, aby przycinanie nie było potrzebne. | |
1355 </para> | |
1356 </listitem> | |
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1357 </orderedlist> |
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1358 </para> |
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1359 |
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1360 <bridgehead>Przykład: jeden kanał w dwóch głośnikach</bridgehead> |
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1361 <para> |
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1362 Oto jeszcze jeden przykład, jak odtworzyć lewy kanał w dwóch głośnikach. |
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1363 Postępując zgodnie z krokami opisanymi powyżej: |
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1364 <orderedlist> |
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1365 <listitem><para> |
21735 | 1366 <option>pan</option> powinien używać dwóch kanałów wyjściowych, więc pierwsza |
1367 podopcja to "2". | |
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1368 </para></listitem> |
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1369 <listitem><para> |
21735 | 1370 Ponieważ mamy dwa kanały wejściowe, będziemy mieli dwie grupy podopcji. |
1371 Ponieważ używane są również dwa kanały wyjściowe, w każdej grupie będą po dwie | |
1372 podopcje. Lewy kanał z pliku powinien zostać skopiowany z pełną głośnością | |
1373 do nowych kanału: lewego i prawego. W związku z tym, pierwsza grupa podopcji | |
1374 to "1:1". Prawy kanał powinien zostać pominięty, zatem druga grupa to "0:0". | |
1375 Wszelkie zera na końcu listy podopcji mogą zostać pominięte, ale dla | |
1376 przejrzystości przykładu, pozostawimy je. | |
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1377 </para></listitem> |
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1378 </orderedlist> |
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1379 Po złączeniu wszystkich podopcji otrzymamy: |
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1380 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af pan=2:1:1:0:0</screen> |
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1381 Jeżeli pożądanym kanałem jest prawy, a nie lewy, podopcje zmienią się na |
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1382 "2:0:0:1:1". |
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1383 </para> |
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1384 |
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1385 |
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1386 <bridgehead>Przykład: lewy kanał w dwóch głośnikach (skrót)</bridgehead> |
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1387 <para> |
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1388 Podobnie jak przy użyciu <option>channels</option>, istnieje skrót działający |
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1389 tylko z lewym kanałem: |
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1390 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>filename</replaceable> -af pan=1:1</screen> |
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1391 Jeżeli <option>pan</option> posiada tylko jeden kanał wejściowy (pozostałe kanały |
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1392 są pomijane), potrzebna jest tylko jedna grupa podopcji z jedną podopcją, która |
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1393 oznacza, że jedyny kanał będzie zawierał 100% siebie. |
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1394 </para> |
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1395 |
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1396 <bridgehead>Przykład: zmniejszanie liczy kanałów w 6-kanałowym PCM</bridgehead> |
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1397 <para> |
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1398 Dekoder 6-kanałowego PCM zawarty w <application>MPlayerze</application> nie potrafi |
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1399 zmniejszać liczby kanałów przez miksowanie. Oto metoda dokonania tego przy użyciu |
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1400 opcji <option>pan</option>: |
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1401 <orderedlist> |
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1402 <listitem><para> |
21735 | 1403 Liczba kanałów wyjściowych to 2, więc pierwsza podopcja to "2". |
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1404 </para></listitem> |
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1405 <listitem><para> |
21735 | 1406 Jako, że mamy 6 kanałów wejściowych, musimy użyć sześciu grup opcji. |
1407 Na szczęście, ponieważ interesują nas tylko dwa pierwsze kanały, możemy | |
1408 użyć tylko dwóch grup opcji; pozostałe cztery grupy mogą zostać pominięte. | |
1409 Pamiętaj, że nie wszystkie wielokanałowe pliki audio mają tę samą kolejność | |
1410 kanałów. Poniższy przykład pokazuje zmniejszanie liczby kanałów w pliku, w którym | |
1411 kolejność kanałów jest taka, jak w AC3 5.1: | |
1412 <programlisting> | |
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1413 0 - lewy przedni |
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1414 1 - prawy przedni |
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1415 2 - lewy tylny |
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1416 3 - prawy tylny |
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1417 4 - środkowy przedni |
21735 | 1418 5 - subwoofer (głośnik niskotonowy)<!-- |
1419 --></programlisting> | |
1420 Pierwsza grupa podopcji zawiera kolejne wartości oryginalnej głośności lewego | |
1421 przedniego kanału, które powinny być dostarczone do odpowiednich kanałów | |
1422 wyjściowych: "1:0". Prawy przedni kanał powinien zostać przeniesiony do | |
1423 prawego wyjściowego: "0:1". Analogicznie dla kanałów tylnych: "1:0" i "0:1". | |
1424 Kanał środkowy powinien zostać przeniesiony do obu kanałów wyjściowych z połową | |
1425 głośności: "0.5:0.5", zaś kanał głośnika niskotonowego powinien być słyszalny | |
1426 w obu kanałach wyjściowych z pełną głośnością: "1:1". | |
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1427 </para></listitem> |
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1428 </orderedlist> |
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1429 Połącz wszystko razem, a otrzymasz: |
21735 | 1430 <screen> |
1431 mplayer <replaceable>6-channel.wav</replaceable> -af pan=2:1:0:0:1:1:0:0:1:0.5:0.5:1:1 | |
1432 </screen> | |
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1433 Przedstawione powyżej głośności są tylko przybliżonym przykładem. Nie czuj się |
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1434 nimi skrępowany i zmieniaj je zgodnie ze swoim uznaniem. |
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1435 </para> |
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1436 |
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1437 <bridgehead>Przykład: Odtwarzanie audio 5.1 przy pomocy dużych głośników, bez subwoofera</bridgehead> |
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1438 <para> |
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1439 Jeżeli posiadasz parę dużych przednich głośników, możesz nie mieć ochoty |
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1440 tracić pieniędzy na dodatkowy głośnik niskotonowy, tylko po to, aby mieć |
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1441 kompletny system 5.1. Jeżeli użyjesz opcji <option>-channels 5</option>, |
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1442 przekażesz do lib52 informację, że ma dekodować audio 5.1 dla systemu 5.0. |
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1443 Tym sposobem kanał głośnika niskotonowego zostanie po prostu pominięty. |
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1444 Jeżeli chcesz rozdzielić kanał subwoofera samodzielnie, musisz dokonać ręcznego |
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1445 zmiksowania przy użyciu <option>pan</option>: |
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1446 <orderedlist> |
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1447 <listitem><para> |
21735 | 1448 Jako, że <option>pan</option> musi analizować wszystkie 6 kanałów, |
1449 podaj opcję <option>-channels 6</option>, aby liba52 zdekodował je wszystkie. | |
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1450 </para></listitem> |
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1451 <listitem><para> |
21735 | 1452 Ponieważ <option>pan</option> będzie używał pięciu kanałów wyjściowych, |
1453 pierwsza podopcja to "5". | |
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1454 </para></listitem> |
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1455 <listitem><para> |
21735 | 1456 Sześć kanałów wejściowych i pięć wyjściowych oznacza 6 grup po 5 podopcji. |
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1457 <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> |
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1458 <listitem><para> |
21735 | 1459 Lewy przedni kanał replikuje samego siebie: |
1460 "1:0:0:0:0" | |
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1461 </para></listitem> |
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1462 <listitem><para> |
21735 | 1463 Identycznie dla prawego przedniego kanału: |
1464 "0:1:0:0:0" | |
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1465 </para></listitem> |
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1466 <listitem><para> |
21735 | 1467 Tak samo dla lewego tylnego: |
1468 "0:0:1:0:0" | |
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1469 </para></listitem> |
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1470 <listitem><para> |
21735 | 1471 Oraz tak samo dla prawego tylnego: |
1472 "0:0:0:1:0" | |
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1473 </para></listitem> |
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1474 <listitem><para> |
21735 | 1475 Środkowy też: |
1476 "0:0:0:0:1" | |
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1477 </para></listitem> |
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1478 <listitem><para> |
21735 | 1479 Teraz musimy zdecydować, co zrobić z subwooferem. Na przykład możemy |
1480 podzielić go po połowie na lewy przedni i prawy przedni: | |
1481 "0.5:0.5:0:0:0" | |
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1482 </para></listitem> |
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1483 </itemizedlist> |
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1484 </para></listitem> |
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1485 </orderedlist> |
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1486 Po połączeniu wszystkich opcji otrzymasz: |
21735 | 1487 <screen> |
1488 mplayer <replaceable>dvd://1</replaceable> -channels 6 -af pan=5:1:0:0:0:0:0:1:0:0:0:0:0:1:0:0:0:0:0:1:0:0:0:0:0:1:0.5:0.5:0:0:0 | |
1489 </screen> | |
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|
1490 </para> |
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|
1491 </sect3> |
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1492 </sect2> |
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1493 |
21735 | 1494 <!-- ********** --> |
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1495 |
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|
1496 <sect2 id="advaudio-volume"> |
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1497 <title>Programowa regulacja głośności</title> |
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1498 |
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1499 <para> |
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1500 Niekóre ścieżki audio są zbyt ciche aby można ich komfortowo słuchać bez |
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1501 wzmocnienia. Staje się to problemem, gdy Twój sprzęt audio nie potrafi wzmacniać |
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1502 sygnału. Opcja <option>-softvol</option> instruuje <application>MPlayera</application>, |
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1503 aby ten używał wewnętrznego miksera. Możesz wtedy używać klawiszy strojenia |
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1504 głośności (domyślnie <keycap>9</keycap> i <keycap>0</keycap>), aby uzyskać |
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1505 większe poziomy głośności. Pamiętaj, że nie omija to miksera Twojej karty |
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1506 muzycznej; <application>MPlayer</application> zwiększa tylko głośność sygnału |
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1507 przed przesłaniem go do Twojej karty. |
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1508 Poniższy przykład może być dobrym początkiem: |
21735 | 1509 <screen> |
1510 mplayer <replaceable>cichy-plik</replaceable> -softvol -softvol-max 300 | |
1511 </screen> | |
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1512 Opcja <option>-softvol-max</option> określa maksymalny dozwolony poziom głośności, |
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1513 jako procent głośności oryginalnej. Przykładowo, <option>-softvol-max 200</option> |
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1514 pozwoli na maksymalne zwiększenie głośności do 200% głośności oryginalnej. |
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1515 Można bezpiecznie używać dużych parametrów <option>-softvol-max</option>; |
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1516 większa głośność nie zostanie użyta, jeżeli nie zwiększysz jej przy pomocy |
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1517 klawiszy regulacji głośności. Jedyną wadą stosowania większych wartości jest to, |
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1518 że, ponieważ <application>MPlayer</application> ustala głośność jako procent |
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1519 głośności maksymalnej, nie będziesz w stanie precyzyjnie kontrolować głośności |
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1520 przy pomocy klawiszy regulacji głośności. Użyj mniejszych wartości parametrów |
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1521 <option>-softvol-max</option> i/lub dodaj opcję <option>-volstep 1</option> |
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1522 aby uzyskać większą precyzję. |
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|
1523 </para> |
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1524 |
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1525 <para> |
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1526 Opcja <option>-softvol</option> działa poprzez kontrolę filtru |
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1527 <option>volume</option>. Jeżeli chcesz odtwarzać plik z określoną głośnością, |
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1528 możesz podać opcję dla <option>volume</option> ręcznie: |
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1529 <screen>mplayer <replaceable>cichy-plik</replaceable> -af volume=10</screen> |
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1530 Pozwoli to na odtworzenie pliku z 10-decybelowym wzmocnieniem. Bądź ostrożny |
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1531 używając filtru <option>volume</option> - ustawiając zbyt dużą głośność możesz |
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1532 łatwo uszkodzić swój słuch. Zaczynaj od małych wartości i stopniowo zwiększaj je |
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1533 aż do uzyskania pożądanej głośności. Ponadto, jeżeli podasz zbyt dużą wartość, |
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1534 filtr <option>volume</option> może musieć przyciąć głośność, aby nie przesłać |
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1535 do karty muzycznej danych spoza akceptowalnego przez nią zakresu; będzie to |
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1536 powodować zniekształcenia dźwięku. |
19179
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1537 </para> |
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1538 </sect2> |
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|
1539 </sect1> |
31897
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1540 |
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1541 |
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1542 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --> |
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1543 |
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1544 |
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1545 <sect1 id="tv-input" xreflabel="TV input"> |
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1546 <title>Wejście TV</title> |
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1547 |
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1548 <para> |
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1549 Sekcja ta opisuje jak <emphasis role="bold">oglądać/nagrywać obraz |
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1550 za pomocą tunera TV kompatybilnego z V4L</emphasis>. Zajrzyj do strony man |
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1551 by zobaczyć opis opcji TV i klawiszy sterujących. |
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1552 </para> |
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1553 |
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1554 <!-- ********** --> |
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1555 |
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1556 <sect2 id="tv-compilation"> |
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1557 <title>Kompilacja</title> |
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1558 |
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1559 <procedure> |
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1560 <step><para> |
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1561 Najpierw musisz przekompilować. <filename>./configure</filename> wykryje |
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1562 automatycznie nagłówki jądra związane z V4L i obecność urządzeń |
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1563 <filename>/dev/video*</filename>. Jeśli istnieją, obsługa TV zostanie |
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1564 wbudowana (zobacz wynik działania <filename>./configure</filename>). |
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1565 </para></step> |
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1566 <step><para> |
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1567 Upewnij się, że Twój tuner działa z innymi programami do obsługi TV pod |
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1568 Linuksem, na przykład <application>XawTV</application>. |
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1569 </para></step> |
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1570 </procedure> |
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1571 </sect2> |
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1572 |
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1573 <!-- ********** --> |
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1574 |
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|
1575 <sect2 id="tv-tips"> |
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1576 <title>Wskazówki użytkowania</title> |
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1577 |
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1578 <para> |
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1579 Kompletna lista opcji dostępna jest na stronie man. |
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1580 Tu jest tylko kilka wskazówek: |
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1581 |
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1582 <itemizedlist> |
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1583 <listitem><para> |
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1584 Używaj opcji <option>channels</option>. Przykład: |
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1585 <screen>-tv channels=26-MTV1,23-TV2</screen> |
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1586 Wyjaśnienie: Jeśli użyjesz tej opcji, dostępne będą tylko kanały 23 i 26 oraz |
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1587 przy zmianie kanału pojawi się ładny napis na OSD, wyświetlający jego nazwę. |
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1588 Odstępy w nazwie kanału muszą zostać zastąpione znakiem "_". |
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1589 </para></listitem> |
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|
1590 <listitem><para> |
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1591 Używaj rozsądnych rozmiarów obrazu. Rozmiary obrazu wynikowego powinny |
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1592 być podzielne przez 16. |
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|
1593 </para></listitem> |
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1594 <listitem> |
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1595 <para> |
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1596 Jeśli nagrywasz obraz video o pionowej rozdzielczości większej niż połowa |
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1597 rozdzielczości pełnej (np. 288 dla PAL lub 240 dla NTSC), wtedy 'ramki' |
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1598 które otrzymasz będą tak naprawdę parami poprzeplatanych (interleaved) pól. |
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1599 W zależności od tego, co chcesz zrobić ze strumieniem video, możesz go |
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1600 zostawić w takiej formie, użyć destrukcyjnego usuwania przeplotu |
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1601 (deinterlacing), albo rozdzielić pary na pojedyncze pola. |
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1602 </para> |
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1603 <para> |
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1604 W przeciwnym wypadku dostaniesz film, który jest zniekształcony w trakcie |
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1605 scen o dużej dynamice, a wskazana szybkość transmisji (bitrate) |
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1606 prawdopodobnie nie będzie nawet mogła być utrzymana przez kontroler szybkości |
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1607 (bitrate controller), ponieważ artefakty przeplotu tworzą duże ilości |
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1608 szczegółów, a co za tym idzie, potrzebują dużej przepustowości. Możesz |
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1609 włączyć usuwanie przeplotu za pomocą opcji <option>-vf pp=TYP_DEINT</option>. |
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1610 Zwykle <option>pp=lb</option> spisuje się dobrze, ale to kwestia gustu. |
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1611 Poczytaj o innych algorytmach usuwania przeplotu na stronie man i zacznij |
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1612 eksperymentować. |
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1613 </para> |
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1614 </listitem> |
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1615 <listitem><para> |
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1616 Usuwaj "martwe miejsca". Kiedy nagrywasz video, są pewnie miejsca przy |
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1617 brzegach, które są zazwyczaj czarne lub zawierają szum. |
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1618 Jak się łatwo domyślić, niepotrzebnie zużywają sporo przepustowości |
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1619 (dokładniej, to nie same czarne miejsca, lecz ostre przejścia pomiędzy |
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1620 czarnym kolorem i jaśniejszym obrazem video, ale nie jest to akurat takie |
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1621 ważne). Zanim zaczniesz nagrywać, ustaw argumenty opcji <option>crop</option> |
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1622 by wyciąć wszystkie "śmieci" na brzegach. |
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1623 Oczywiście nie zapomnij o utrzymaniu prawidłowych wymiarów obrazu. |
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1624 </para></listitem> |
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1625 <listitem><para> |
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1626 Uważaj na obciążenie CPU. Przez większość czasu Nie powinno ono przekroczyć |
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1627 granicy 90%. |
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1628 Jeśli masz duży bufor nagrywania, <application>MEncoder</application> może |
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1629 przetrwać przeciążenie przez najwyżej kilka sekund i nic więcej. |
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1630 Lepiej więc wyłączyć wszystkie trójwymiarowe wygaszacze OpenGL i inne tego |
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1631 typu bajery. |
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1632 </para></listitem> |
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1633 <listitem><para> |
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1634 Nie mieszaj z zegarem systemowym. <application>MEncoder</application> |
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1635 korzysta z niego do synchronizacji A/V. Jeśli zmodyfikujesz zegar systemowy |
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1636 (zwłaszcza wstecz), <application>MEncoder</application> się pogubi i utraci |
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1637 klatki. Jest to bardzo ważna sprawa jeśli jesteś podpięty do sieci i używasz |
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1638 do synchronizacji czasu różnych programów typu NTP. Musisz wyłączyć NTP |
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1639 w trakcie nagrywania, jeśli chcesz, by było ono przeprowadzone niezawodnie. |
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1640 </para></listitem> |
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1641 <listitem><para> |
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1642 Nie zmieniaj opcji <option>outfmt</option>, chyba, że wiesz co robisz lub |
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1643 Twoja karta/sterownik naprawdę nie obsługuje ustawienia domyślnego |
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1644 (przestrzeń kolorów YV12). W poprzednich wersjach |
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1645 <application>MPlayera</application>/<application>MEncodera</application> |
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1646 konieczne było podanie formatu wyjścia. |
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1647 Ten problem powinien być rozwiązany w aktualnych wydaniach i opcja |
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1648 <option>outfmt</option> nie jest już wymagana, a ustawienie domyślne powinno |
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1649 pasować każdemu. Na przykład, jeśli nagrywasz do formatu DivX używając |
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1650 <systemitem class="library">libavcodec</systemitem> i podasz opcję |
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1651 <option>outfmt=RGB24</option> aby zwiększyć jakość nagrywanego obrazu, |
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1652 zostanie on i tak później z powrotem przekonwertowany do YV12, więc jedyne, |
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1653 co osiągniesz, to ogromna strata mocy obliczeniowej. |
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1654 </para></listitem> |
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1655 <listitem><para> |
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1656 By użyć przestrzeni kolorów I420 (<option>outfmt=i420</option>), musisz dodać |
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1657 opcję <option>-vc rawi420</option> z powodu konfliktu fourcc z kodekiem Intel |
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1658 Indeo. |
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1659 </para></listitem> |
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1660 <listitem><para> |
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1661 Jest kilka sposobów na nagrywanie audio. Możesz nagrywać dźwięk za pomocą |
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1662 Twojej karty dźwiękowej korzystając z zewnętrznego kabla pomiędzy kartą video |
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1663 i wejściem liniowym lub korzystając z wbudowanego w układ bt878 przetwornika |
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1664 ADC. W tym drugim przypadku musisz załadować sterownik |
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1665 <emphasis role="bold">btaudio</emphasis>. Przeczytaj plik |
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1666 <filename>linux/Documentation/sound/btaudio</filename> (w drzewie jądra, |
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1667 a nie <application>MPlayera</application>) by dowiedzieć się jak korzystać |
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1668 z tego sterownika. |
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1669 </para></listitem> |
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1670 <listitem><para> |
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1671 Jeśli <application>MEncoder</application> nie może otworzyć urządzenia |
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1672 dźwiękowego, upewnij się, że jest ono rzeczywiście dostępne. Zdarzają się |
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1673 problemy z serwerami dźwięku typu aRts (KDE) lub ESD (GNOME). Jeśli masz |
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1674 kartę full-duplex (prawie wszystkie przyzwoite karty dostępne obecnie |
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1675 obsługują tę funkcję) i korzystasz z KDE, spróbuj zaznaczyć opcję "Działanie |
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1676 w pełni dupleksowe" ("full duplex") w konfiguracji serwera dźwięku. |
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1677 </para></listitem> |
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1678 </itemizedlist> |
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1679 </para> |
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1680 </sect2> |
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1681 |
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1682 <!-- ********** --> |
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1683 |
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1684 <sect2 id="tv-examples"> |
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1685 <title>Przykłady</title> |
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1686 |
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1687 <informalexample><para> |
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1688 Puste wyjście, do AAlib :) |
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1689 <screen> |
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1690 mplayer -tv driver=dummy:width=640:height=480 -vo aa tv:// |
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1691 </screen> |
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1692 </para></informalexample> |
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1693 |
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1694 <informalexample><para> |
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1695 Wejście ze standardowego V4L: |
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1696 <screen> |
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1697 mplayer -tv driver=v4l:width=640:height=480:outfmt=i420 -vc rawi420 -vo xv tv:// |
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1698 </screen> |
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1699 </para></informalexample> |
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1700 |
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1701 <informalexample><para> |
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1702 Bardziej skomplikowany przykład. Każe on <application>MEncoderowi</application> |
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1703 nagrać pełen obraz PAL, wykadrować go i usunąć przeplot korzystając z algorytmu |
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1704 liniowego zlewania (linear blend). Audio jest kompresowane ze stałą |
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1705 szybkością równą 64kbps, przy użyciu kodeka LAME. To ustawienie jest |
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1706 dobre do nagrywania filmów. |
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1707 <screen> |
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1708 mencoder -tv driver=v4l:width=768:height=576 -oac mp3lame -lameopts cbr:br=64 \ |
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1709 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vbitrate=900 \ |
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1710 -vf crop=720:544:24:16,pp=lb -o <replaceable>wyjscie.avi</replaceable> tv:// |
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1711 </screen> |
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1712 </para></informalexample> |
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1713 |
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1714 <informalexample><para> |
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1715 Ten przykład dodatkowo przeskaluje obraz do 384x288 i skompresuje video |
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1716 z szybkością 350kbps w trybie wysokiej jakości. Opcja <option>vqmax</option> |
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1717 uwalnia kwantyzator i pozwala kompresorowi video na osiągnięcie tak |
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1718 niskiej szybkości nawet kosztem jakości obrazu. Może być to używane do |
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1719 nagrywania długich seriali TV, kiedy jakość obrazu nie jest tak ważna. |
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1720 <screen> |
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1721 mencoder -tv driver=v4l:width=768:height=576 \ |
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1722 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vbitrate=350:vhq:vqmax=31:keyint=300 \ |
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1723 -oac mp3lame -lameopts cbr:br=48 -sws 1 -o <replaceable>wyjscie.avi</replaceable> \ |
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1724 -vf crop=720:540:24:18,pp=lb,scale=384:288 tv:// |
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1725 </screen> |
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1726 Jest również możliwe podanie mniejszych wymiarów obrazu w opcji |
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1727 <option>-tv</option> i pominięcie programowego skalowania, ale to podejście |
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1728 wykorzystuje maksymalną ilość dostępnych informacji i jest trochę bardziej |
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1729 odporne na szum. |
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1730 Układy bt878, ze względu na ograniczenia sprzętowe, mogą stosować |
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1731 uśrednianie pikseli jedynie w kierunku poziomym. |
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1732 </para></informalexample> |
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1733 </sect2> |
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1734 </sect1> |
31899 | 1735 |
1736 | |
1737 <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --> | |
1738 | |
1739 | |
1740 <sect1 id="radio"> | |
1741 <title>Radio</title> | |
1742 | |
1743 <sect2 id="radio-input" xreflabel="Słuchanie radia"> | |
1744 <title>Słuchanie radia</title> | |
1745 | |
1746 <para> | |
1747 Ten rozdział opisuje jak włączyć możliwość słuchania radia przy użyciu tunera | |
1748 radiowego kompatybilnego z V4L. Opis opcji i sterowania klawiaturą znajduje się | |
1749 na stronie man. | |
1750 </para> | |
1751 | |
1752 <!-- ********** --> | |
1753 | |
1754 <sect3 id="radio-compilation"> | |
1755 <title>Kompilacja</title> | |
1756 | |
1757 <procedure> | |
1758 <step><para> | |
1759 Najpierw, musisz przekompilować <application>MPlayera</application> używając | |
1760 <filename>./configure</filename> z opcją <option>--enable-radio</option> | |
1761 i (jeśli chcesz móc przechwytywać radio) | |
1762 <option>--enable-radio-capture</option>. | |
1763 </para></step> | |
1764 <step><para> | |
1765 Upewnij się że Twój tuner działa z innym oprogramowaniem do radia w Linuksie, | |
1766 na przykład z <application>XawTV</application>. | |
1767 </para></step> | |
1768 </procedure> | |
1769 </sect3> | |
1770 | |
1771 <!-- ********** --> | |
1772 | |
1773 <sect3 id="radio-tips"> | |
1774 <title>Rady przy stosowaniu</title> | |
1775 | |
1776 <para> | |
1777 Pełna lista opcji jest dostępna na stronie man. | |
1778 Tu jest tylko kilka porad: | |
1779 | |
1780 <itemizedlist> | |
1781 <listitem><para> | |
1782 Używaj opcji <option>channels</option>. Na przykład: | |
1783 <screen>-radio channels=104.4-Sibir,103.9-Maximum</screen> | |
1784 Wyjaśnienie: Przy użyciu tej opcji dostępne będą tylko stacje na | |
1785 częstotliwościach 104.4 i 103.9. Przy przełączaniu kanału OSD będzie | |
1786 wyświetlać nazwę kanału. Spacje w nazwie kanału muszą zostać zastąpione przez | |
1787 znak "_". | |
1788 </para></listitem> | |
1789 <listitem><para> | |
1790 Jest kilka metod przechwytywania audio. Możesz przechwytywać dźwięk albo | |
1791 korzystając ze swojej karty dźwiękowej i zewnętrznego kabelka łączącego kartę | |
1792 video z wejściem dźwięku, albo używając wbudowanego w chip saa7134 konwertera | |
1793 ADC. W tym drugim przypadku, musisz załadować sterownik | |
1794 <systemitem>saa7134-alsa</systemitem> lub <systemitem>saa7134-oss</systemitem>. | |
1795 </para></listitem> | |
1796 <listitem><para> | |
1797 Do przechwytywania dźwięku nie można użyć | |
1798 <application>MEncodera</application>, ponieważ wymaga on do działania | |
1799 strumienia video. Możesz więc albo użyć <application>arecord</application> | |
1800 z projektu ALSA albo opcji <option>-ao pcm:file=file.wav</option>. | |
1801 W tym drugim przypadku nie będziesz słyszał dźwięku | |
1802 (chyba że masz kabelek do line-in i wyłączyłeś jego wyciszenie). | |
1803 </para></listitem> | |
1804 </itemizedlist> | |
1805 </para> | |
1806 </sect3> | |
1807 | |
1808 <!-- ********** --> | |
1809 | |
1810 <sect3 id="radio-examples"> | |
1811 <title>Przykłady</title> | |
1812 | |
1813 <informalexample><para> | |
1814 Wejście ze standardowego V4L (przy użyciu kabelka line-in, bez przechwytywania): | |
1815 <screen> | |
1816 mplayer radio://104.4 | |
1817 </screen> | |
1818 </para></informalexample> | |
1819 | |
1820 <informalexample><para> | |
1821 Wejście ze standardowego V4L (przy użyciu kabelka line-in, bez przechwytywania, | |
1822 interface V4Lv1): | |
1823 <screen> | |
1824 mplayer -radio driver=v4l radio://104.4 | |
1825 </screen> | |
1826 </para></informalexample> | |
1827 | |
1828 <informalexample><para> | |
1829 Odtwarzanie drugiego kanału z listy: | |
1830 <screen> | |
1831 mplayer -radio channels=104.4=Sibir,103.9=Maximm radio://2 | |
1832 </screen> | |
1833 </para></informalexample> | |
1834 | |
1835 <informalexample><para> | |
1836 Przesyłanie dźwięku szyną PCI z wewnętrznego konwertera ADC na karcie radiowej. | |
1837 W tym przykładzie tuner jest używany jako druga karta dźwiękowa (urządzenia | |
1838 alsa hw:1,0). Dla kart opartych na saa7134 musi być załadowany moduł | |
1839 <systemitem>saa7134-alsa</systemitem> lub <systemitem>saa7134-oss</systemitem>. | |
1840 <screen> | |
1841 mplayer -rawaudio rate=32000 radio://2/capture \ | |
1842 -radio adevice=hw=1.0:arate=32000:channels=104.4=Sibir,103.9=Maximm | |
1843 </screen> | |
1844 <note><para> | |
1845 Jeśli używasz nazw urządzeń ALSA dwukropki muszą być zastąpione | |
1846 znakami równości a przecinki kropkami. | |
1847 </para></note> | |
1848 </para> | |
1849 </informalexample> | |
1850 </sect3> | |
1851 </sect2> | |
1852 | |
1853 </sect1> | |
11176 | 1854 </chapter> |