Mercurial > mplayer.hg
annotate DOCS/tech/nut.txt @ 20432:972c93990379
add two missing checks - PATCH by Karolina Lindqvist AT kramnet-se
author | reynaldo |
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date | Wed, 25 Oct 2006 20:39:01 +0000 |
parents | 24725931c621 |
children | 0feb44107cdf |
rev | line source |
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1 ================================== |
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2 NUT Open Container Format 20060713 |
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3 ================================== |
9294 | 4 |
5 | |
6 | |
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7 Intro: |
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8 ====== |
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9 |
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10 Features / goals: |
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11 (supported by the format, not necessarily by a specific implementation) |
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12 |
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13 Simple |
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14 use the same encoding for nearly all fields |
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15 simple decoding, so slow CPUs (and embedded systems) can handle it |
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16 |
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17 Extendible |
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18 no limit for the possible values of all fields (using universal vlc) |
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19 allow adding of new headers in the future |
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20 allow adding more fields at the end of headers |
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21 |
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22 Compact |
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23 ~0.2% overhead, for normal bitrates |
17438 | 24 index is <100kb per hour |
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25 a usual header for a file is about 100 bytes (audio + video headers together) |
17326 | 26 a packet header is about ~1-5 bytes |
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27 |
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28 Error resistant |
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29 seeking / playback without an index |
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30 headers & index can be repeated |
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31 damaged files can be played back with minimal data loss and fast |
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32 resync times |
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33 |
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34 The spec is frozen. All files following spec will be compatible unless the |
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35 spec is unfrozen. |
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36 |
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37 |
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38 Definitions: |
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39 ============ |
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40 |
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41 MUST the specific part must be done to conform to this standard |
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42 SHOULD it is recommended to be done that way, but not strictly required |
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43 |
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44 |
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45 |
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46 Syntax: |
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47 ======= |
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16428 | 49 Since NUT heavily uses variable length fields, the simplest way to describe it |
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50 is using a pseudocode approach. |
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51 |
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52 |
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53 |
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54 Conventions: |
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55 ============ |
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56 |
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57 The data types have a name, used in the bitstream syntax description, a short |
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58 text description and a pseudocode (functional) definition, optional notes may |
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59 follow: |
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60 |
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61 name (text description) |
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62 functional definition |
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63 [Optional notes] |
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64 |
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65 The bitstream syntax elements have a tagname and a functional definition, they |
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66 are presented in a bottom up approach, again optional notes may follow and |
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67 are reproduced in the tag description: |
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68 |
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69 name: (optional note) |
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70 functional definition |
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71 [Optional notes] |
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72 |
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73 The in-depth tag description follows the bitstream syntax. |
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75 |
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76 |
12209 | 77 |
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78 Type definitions: |
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79 ================= |
12209 | 80 |
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81 f(n) (n fixed bits in big-endian order) |
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82 u(n) (unsigned number encoded in n bits in MSB-first order) |
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83 |
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84 v (variable length value, unsigned) |
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85 value=0 |
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86 do{ |
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87 more_data u(1) |
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88 data u(7) |
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89 value= 128*value + data |
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90 }while(more_data) |
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91 |
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92 s (variable length value, signed) |
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93 temp v |
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94 temp++ |
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95 if(temp&1) value= -(temp>>1) |
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96 else value= (temp>>1) |
9323 | 97 |
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98 b (binary data or string, to be use in vb, see below) |
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99 for(i=0; i<length; i++){ |
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100 data[i] u(8) |
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101 } |
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102 [Note: strings MUST be encoded in UTF-8] |
17835 | 103 [Note: the character NUL (U+0000) is not legal within |
104 or at the end of a string.] | |
9295 | 105 |
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106 vb (variable length binary data or string) |
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107 length v |
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108 value b |
12117 | 109 |
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110 t (v coded universal timestamp) |
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111 tmp v |
17872 | 112 id= tmp % time_base_count |
113 value= (tmp / time_base_count) * time_base[id] | |
9295 | 114 |
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115 |
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116 Bitstream syntax: |
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117 ================= |
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118 |
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119 Common elements: |
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120 ---------------- |
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121 |
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122 reserved_bytes: |
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123 for(i=0; i<forward_ptr - length_of_non_reserved; i++) |
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124 reserved u(8) |
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125 [a demuxer MUST ignore any reserved bytes |
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126 a muxer MUST NOT write any reserved bytes, as this would make it |
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127 impossible to add new fields at the end of packets in the future |
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128 in a compatible way] |
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129 |
17845 | 130 packet_header |
131 startcode f(64) | |
132 forward_ptr v | |
133 if(forward_ptr > 4096) | |
134 header_checksum u(32) | |
135 | |
136 packet_footer | |
137 reserved_bytes | |
138 checksum u(32) | |
17873 | 139 [Note: in index packet, reserved_bytes comes before index_ptr] |
17845 | 140 |
141 reserved_headers | |
142 while(next_byte == 'N' && next_code != main_startcode | |
143 && next_code != stream_startcode | |
144 && next_code != info_startcode | |
145 && next_code != index_startcode | |
146 && next_code != syncpoint_startcode){ | |
147 packet_header | |
148 packet_footer | |
149 } | |
150 | |
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151 Headers: |
10824 | 152 |
9294 | 153 main header: |
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154 version v |
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155 stream_count v |
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156 max_distance v |
17872 | 157 time_base_count v |
158 for(i=0; i<time_base_count; i++) | |
159 time_base_nom v | |
160 time_base_denom v | |
161 time_base[i]= time_base_nom/time_base_denom | |
17437 | 162 tmp_pts=0 |
163 tmp_mul=1 | |
164 tmp_stream=0 | |
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165 for(i=0; i<256; ){ |
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166 tmp_flag v |
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167 tmp_fields v |
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168 if(tmp_fields>0) tmp_pts s |
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169 if(tmp_fields>1) tmp_mul v |
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170 if(tmp_fields>2) tmp_stream v |
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171 if(tmp_fields>3) tmp_size v |
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172 else tmp_size=0 |
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173 if(tmp_fields>4) tmp_res v |
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174 else tmp_res=0 |
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175 if(tmp_fields>5) count v |
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176 else count= tmp_mul - tmp_size |
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177 for(j=6; j<tmp_fields; j++){ |
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178 tmp_reserved[i] v |
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179 } |
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180 for(j=0; j<count && i<256; j++, i++){ |
17612 | 181 if (i == 'N') { |
17718 | 182 flags[i]= FLAG_INVALID; |
17612 | 183 j--; |
184 continue; | |
185 } | |
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186 flags[i]= tmp_flag; |
17887 | 187 stream_id[i]= tmp_stream; |
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188 data_size_mul[i]= tmp_mul; |
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189 data_size_lsb[i]= tmp_size + j; |
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190 pts_delta[i]= tmp_pts; |
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191 reserved_count[i]= tmp_res; |
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192 } |
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193 } |
9294 | 194 |
195 stream_header: | |
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196 stream_id v |
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197 stream_class v |
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198 fourcc vb |
17872 | 199 time_base_id v |
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200 msb_pts_shift v |
17577 | 201 max_pts_distance v |
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202 decode_delay v |
17939 | 203 stream_flags v |
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204 codec_specific_data vb |
17640 | 205 if(stream_class == video){ |
206 width v | |
207 height v | |
208 sample_width v | |
209 sample_height v | |
210 colorspace_type v | |
211 }else if(stream_class == audio){ | |
212 samplerate_nom v | |
213 samplerate_denom v | |
214 channel_count v | |
215 } | |
16429 | 216 |
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217 Basic Packets: |
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218 |
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219 frame: |
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220 frame_code f(8) |
17718 | 221 frame_flags= flags[frame_code] |
222 if(frame_flags&FLAG_CODED){ | |
223 coded_flags v | |
224 frame_flags ^= coded_flags | |
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225 } |
17887 | 226 if(frame_flags&FLAG_STREAM_ID){ |
227 stream_id v | |
228 } | |
229 if(frame_flags&FLAG_CODED_PTS){ | |
230 coded_pts v | |
231 } | |
17718 | 232 if(frame_flags&FLAG_SIZE_MSB){ |
233 data_size_msb v | |
17437 | 234 } |
17887 | 235 if(frame_flags&FLAG_RESERVED) |
236 reserved_count[frame_code] v | |
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237 for(i=0; i<reserved_count[frame_code]; i++) |
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238 reserved v |
17723 | 239 if(frame_flags&FLAG_CHECKSUM){ |
17711 | 240 checksum u(32) |
17584 | 241 } |
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242 data |
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243 |
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244 index: |
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245 max_pts t |
17438 | 246 syncpoints v |
17720 | 247 for(i=0; i<syncpoints; i++){ |
17800 | 248 syncpoint_pos_div16 v |
17438 | 249 } |
250 for(i=0; i<stream_count; i++){ | |
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251 last_pts= -1 |
17720 | 252 for(j=0; j<syncpoints; ){ |
17438 | 253 x v |
254 type= x & 1 | |
255 x>>=1 | |
17455 | 256 n=j |
17438 | 257 if(type){ |
258 flag= x & 1 | |
259 x>>=1 | |
260 while(x--) | |
17455 | 261 has_keyframe[n++][i]=flag |
262 has_keyframe[n++][i]=!flag; | |
17438 | 263 }else{ |
264 while(x != 1){ | |
17455 | 265 has_keyframe[n++][i]=x&1; |
17438 | 266 x>>=1; |
267 } | |
268 } | |
17455 | 269 for(; j<n && j<syncpoints; j++){ |
270 if (!has_keyframe[j][i]) continue | |
271 A v | |
17531 | 272 if(!A){ |
273 A v | |
274 B v | |
275 eor_pts[j][i] = last_pts + A + B | |
276 }else | |
277 B=0 | |
278 keyframe_pts[j][i] = last_pts + A | |
279 last_pts += A + B | |
17455 | 280 } |
17438 | 281 } |
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282 } |
17873 | 283 reserved_bytes |
17726 | 284 index_ptr u(64) |
9294 | 285 |
17711 | 286 info_packet: |
17669 | 287 stream_id_plus1 v |
288 chapter_id v | |
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289 chapter_start t |
17708 | 290 chapter_len v |
17669 | 291 count v |
292 for(i=0; i<count; i++){ | |
293 name vb | |
294 value s | |
295 if (value==-1){ | |
296 type= "UTF-8" | |
297 value vb | |
298 }else if (value==-2){ | |
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299 type vb |
17669 | 300 value vb |
301 }else if (value==-3){ | |
17685 | 302 type= "s" |
17326 | 303 value s |
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304 }else if (value==-4){ |
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305 type= "t" |
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306 value t |
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307 }else if (value<-4){ |
17685 | 308 type= "r" |
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309 value.den= -value-4 |
17669 | 310 value.num s |
311 }else{ | |
17685 | 312 type= "v" |
17669 | 313 } |
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314 } |
16506 | 315 |
17326 | 316 syncpoint: |
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317 global_key_pts t |
17800 | 318 back_ptr_div16 v |
12413 | 319 |
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320 Complete definition: |
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321 |
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322 file: |
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323 file_id_string |
17726 | 324 while(!eof){ |
17711 | 325 if(next_byte == 'N'){ |
17773 | 326 packet_header |
17711 | 327 switch(startcode){ |
328 case main_startcode: main_header; break; | |
329 case stream_startcode:stream_header; break; | |
330 case info_startcode: info_packet; break; | |
331 case index_startcode: index; break; | |
332 case syncpoint_startcode: syncpoint; break; | |
333 } | |
17773 | 334 packet_footer |
17711 | 335 }else |
336 frame | |
337 } | |
338 | |
339 the structure of a undamaged file should look like the following, but | |
340 demuxers should be flexible and be able to deal with damaged headers so the | |
341 above is a better loop in practice (not to mention its simpler) | |
342 note, demuxers MUST be able to deal with new and unknown headers | |
343 | |
344 file: | |
345 file_id_string | |
17726 | 346 while(!eof){ |
17711 | 347 packet_header, main_header, packet_footer |
348 reserved_headers | |
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349 for(i=0; i<stream_count; i++){ |
17711 | 350 packet_header, stream_header, packet_footer |
351 reserved_headers | |
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352 } |
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353 while(next_code == info_startcode){ |
17711 | 354 packet_header, info_packet, packet_footer |
355 reserved_headers | |
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356 } |
17726 | 357 if(next_code == index_startcode){ |
17711 | 358 packet_header, index_packet, packet_footer |
17533 | 359 } |
17726 | 360 if (!eof) while(next_code != main_startcode){ |
17711 | 361 if(next_code == syncpoint_startcode){ |
362 packet_header, syncpoint, packet_footer | |
363 } | |
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364 frame |
17711 | 365 reserved_headers |
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366 } |
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367 } |
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368 |
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369 |
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370 Tag description: |
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371 ---------------- |
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372 |
12242 | 373 file_id_string |
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374 "nut/multimedia container\0" |
9323 | 375 |
376 *_startcode | |
12162 | 377 all startcodes start with 'N' |
378 | |
379 main_startcode | |
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380 0x7A561F5F04ADULL + (((uint64_t)('N'<<8) + 'M')<<48) |
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381 |
12162 | 382 stream_starcode |
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383 0x11405BF2F9DBULL + (((uint64_t)('N'<<8) + 'S')<<48) |
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384 |
17326 | 385 syncpoint_startcode |
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386 0xE4ADEECA4569ULL + (((uint64_t)('N'<<8) + 'K')<<48) |
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387 |
12162 | 388 index_startcode |
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389 0xDD672F23E64EULL + (((uint64_t)('N'<<8) + 'X')<<48) |
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390 |
12162 | 391 info_startcode |
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392 0xAB68B596BA78ULL + (((uint64_t)('N'<<8) + 'I')<<48) |
9294 | 393 |
394 version | |
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395 NUT version. The current value is 3. All lower values are pre-freeze |
12238 | 396 |
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397 forward_ptr |
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398 size of the packet data (exactly the distance from the first byte |
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399 after the packet_header to the first byte of the next packet) |
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400 |
12333 | 401 max_distance |
17944 | 402 max distance between startcodes. If p1 and p2 are the byte |
403 positions of the first byte of two consecutive startcodes, then | |
404 p2-p1 MUST be less than or equal to max_distance unless the entire | |
405 span from p1 to p2 comprises a single packet or a syncpoint | |
406 followed by a single frame. This imposition places efficient upper | |
407 bounds on seek operations and allows for the detection of damaged | |
408 frame headers, should a chain of frame headers pass max_distance | |
409 without encountering any startcode. | |
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410 |
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411 syncpoints SHOULD be placed immediately before a keyframe if the |
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412 previous frame of the same stream was a non-keyframe, unless such |
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413 non-keyframe - keyframe transitions are very frequent |
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414 |
17722 | 415 SHOULD be set to <=32768 |
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416 if the stored value is >65536 then max_distance MUST be set to 65536 |
12501 | 417 |
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418 This is also half the max frame size without a checksum after the |
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419 frameheader. |
17799 | 420 |
421 | |
17577 | 422 max_pts_distance |
423 max absoloute difference of pts of new frame from last_pts in the | |
17944 | 424 timebase of the stream, without a checksum after the frameheader. |
425 A frame header MUST include a checksum if abs(pts-last_pts) is | |
426 strictly greater than max_pts_distance. | |
17711 | 427 Note that last_pts is not necessarily the pts of the last frame |
17577 | 428 on the same stream, as it is altered by syncpoint timestamps. |
17801 | 429 SHOULD NOT be higher than 1/timebase |
17577 | 430 |
16429 | 431 stream_id |
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432 Stream identifier |
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433 stream_id MUST be < stream_count |
9294 | 434 |
435 stream_class | |
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436 0 video |
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437 1 audio |
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438 2 subtiles |
17793 | 439 3 userdata |
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440 Note: the remaining values are reserved and MUST NOT be used |
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441 a demuxer MUST ignore streams with reserved classes |
9294 | 442 |
443 fourcc | |
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444 identification for the codec |
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445 example: "H264" |
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446 MUST contain 2 or 4 bytes, note, this might be increased in the future |
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447 if needed |
18899 | 448 the id values used are the same as in avi, so if a codec uses a specific |
449 fourcc in avi then the same fourcc MUST be used here | |
9294 | 450 |
9297 | 451 time_base_nom / time_base_denom = time_base |
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452 the length of a timer tick in seconds, this MUST be equal to the 1/fps |
17939 | 453 if FLAG_FIXED_FPS is set |
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454 time_base_nom and time_base_denom MUST NOT be 0 |
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455 time_base_nom and time_base_denom MUST be relatively prime |
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456 time_base_denom MUST be < 2^31 |
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457 examples: |
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458 fps time_base_nom time_base_denom |
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459 30 1 30 |
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460 29.97 1001 30000 |
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461 23.976 1001 24000 |
17883 | 462 There MUST NOT be 2 identical timebases in a file. |
463 There SHOULD NOT be more timebases than streams. | |
9294 | 464 |
17872 | 465 time_base_id |
466 id to time_base table | |
467 | |
17328 | 468 convert_ts |
469 To switch from 2 different timebases, the following calculation is | |
470 defined: | |
12413 | 471 |
17328 | 472 ln = from_time_base_nom*to_time_base_denom |
473 sn = from_timestamp | |
474 d1 = from_time_base_denom | |
475 d2 = to_time_base_nom | |
476 timestamp = (ln/d1*sn + ln%d1*sn/d1)/d2 | |
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477 Note: this calculation MUST be done with unsigned 64 bit integers, and |
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478 is equivalent to (ln*sn)/(d1*d2) but this would require a 96bit integer |
12413 | 479 |
17532 | 480 compare_ts |
481 Compares timestamps from 2 different timebases, | |
482 if a is before b then compare_ts(a, b) = -1 | |
483 if a is after b then compare_ts(a, b) = 1 | |
484 else compare_ts(a, b) = 0 | |
485 | |
486 Care must be taken that this is done exactly with no rounding errors, | |
487 simply casting to float or double and doing the obvious | |
488 a*timebase > b*timebase is not compliant or correct, neither is the | |
489 same with integers, and | |
490 a*a_timebase.num*b_timebase.den > b*b_timebase.num*a_timebase.den | |
491 will overflow. One possible implementation which shouldn't overflow | |
492 within the range of legal timestamps and timebases is: | |
493 | |
494 if (convert_ts(a, a_timebase, b_timebase) < b) return -1; | |
495 if (convert_ts(b, b_timebase, a_timebase) < a) return 1; | |
496 return 0; | |
497 | |
16429 | 498 msb_pts_shift |
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499 amount of bits in lsb_pts |
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500 MUST be <16 |
9294 | 501 |
12333 | 502 decode_delay |
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503 maximum time between input and output for a codec, used to generate |
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504 dts from pts |
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505 is set to 0 for streams without B-frames, and set to 1 for streams with |
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506 B-frames, may be larger for future codecs |
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507 decode_delay MUST NOT be set higher than necessary for a codec. |
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508 |
17939 | 509 stream_flags |
510 Bit Name Description | |
511 1 FLAG_FIXED_FPS indicates that the fps is fixed | |
9294 | 512 |
9356 | 513 codec_specific_data |
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514 private global data for a codec (could be huffman tables or ...) |
19105 | 515 if a codec has a global header it SHOULD be placed in here instead of |
516 at the start of every keyframe | |
517 the exact format is specified in the codec spec | |
19121 | 518 for H.264 the NAL units MUST be formated as in a bytestream |
519 (with 00 00 01 prefixes) | |
12082 | 520 |
521 frame_code | |
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522 the meaning of this byte is stored in the main header |
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523 the value 78 ('N') is forbidden to ensure that the byte is always |
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524 different from the first byte of any startcode |
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525 a muxer SHOULD mark 0x00 and 0xFF as invalid to improve error |
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526 detection |
9420 | 527 |
17718 | 528 flags[frame_code], frame_flags |
17940 | 529 Bit Name Description |
17809 | 530 1 FLAG_KEY if set, frame is keyframe |
531 2 FLAG_EOR if set, stream has no relevance on | |
17824 | 532 presentation. (EOR) |
17887 | 533 8 FLAG_CODED_PTS if set, coded_pts is in the frame header |
534 16 FLAG_STREAM_ID if set, stream_id is coded in the frame header | |
17809 | 535 32 FLAG_SIZE_MSB if set, data_size_msb is at frame header, |
536 otherwise data_size_msb is 0 | |
537 64 FLAG_CHECKSUM if set then the frame header contains a checksum | |
17887 | 538 128 FLAG_RESERVED if set, reserved_count is coded in the frame header |
17809 | 539 4096 FLAG_CODED if set, coded_flags are stored in the frame header. |
540 8192 FLAG_INVALID if set, frame_code is invalid. | |
17437 | 541 |
542 EOR frames MUST be zero-length and must be set keyframe. | |
543 All streams SHOULD end with EOR, where the pts of the EOR indicates the | |
544 end presentation time of the final frame. | |
545 An EOR set stream is unset by the first content frames. | |
17551 | 546 EOR can only be unset in streams with zero decode_delay . |
17944 | 547 FLAG_CHECKSUM MUST be set if the frame's data_size is strictly greater than |
548 2*max_distance or the difference abs(pts-last_pts) is strictly greater than | |
549 max_pts_distance (where pts represents this frame's pts and last_pts is | |
550 defined as below). | |
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551 |
17887 | 552 stream_id[frame_code] |
17826 | 553 MUST be <250 |
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554 |
12082 | 555 data_size_mul[frame_code] |
17826 | 556 MUST be <16384 |
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557 |
12082 | 558 data_size_lsb[frame_code] |
17826 | 559 MUST be <16384 |
12082 | 560 |
16429 | 561 pts_delta[frame_code] |
17826 | 562 MUST be <16384 and >-16384 |
12413 | 563 |
17640 | 564 reserved_count[frame_code] |
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565 MUST be <256 |
17640 | 566 |
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567 data_size |
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568 data_size= data_size_lsb + data_size_msb*data_size_mul; |
12082 | 569 |
16429 | 570 coded_pts |
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571 if coded_pts < (1<<msb_pts_shift) then it is an lsb |
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572 pts, otherwise it is a full pts + (1<<msb_pts_shift) |
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573 lsb pts is converted to a full pts by: |
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574 mask = (1<<msb_pts_shift)-1; |
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575 delta = last_pts - mask/2 |
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576 pts = ((pts_lsb-delta)&mask) + delta |
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577 |
16429 | 578 lsb_pts |
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579 least significant bits of the pts in time_base precision |
9294 | 580 Example: IBBP display order |
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581 keyframe pts=0 -> pts=0 |
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582 frame lsb_pts=3 -> pts=3 |
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583 frame lsb_pts=1 -> pts=1 |
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584 frame lsb_pts=2 -> pts=2 |
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585 ... |
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586 keyframe msb_pts=257 -> pts=257 |
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587 frame lsb_pts=255 -> pts=255 |
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588 frame lsb_pts=0 -> pts=256 |
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589 frame lsb_pts=4 -> pts=260 |
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590 frame lsb_pts=2 -> pts=258 |
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591 frame lsb_pts=3 -> pts=259 |
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592 all pts's of keyframes of a single stream MUST be monotone |
9294 | 593 |
12333 | 594 dts |
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595 dts is calculated by using a decode_delay+1 sized buffer for each |
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596 stream, into which the current pts is inserted and the element with |
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597 the smallest value is removed, this is then the current dts |
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598 this buffer is initalized with decode_delay -1 elements |
17327 | 599 |
600 Pts of all frames in all streams MUST be bigger or equal to dts of all | |
17437 | 601 previous frames in all streams, compared in common timebase. (EOR |
602 frames are NOT exempt from this rule) | |
12333 | 603 |
9294 | 604 width/height |
17730 | 605 MUST be set to the coded width/height, MUST NOT be 0 |
9294 | 606 |
607 sample_width/sample_height (aspect ratio) | |
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608 sample_width is the horizontal distance between samples |
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609 sample_width and sample_height MUST be relatively prime if not zero |
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610 both MUST be 0 if unknown otherwise both MUST be non zero |
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611 |
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612 colorspace_type |
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613 0 unknown |
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614 1 ITU Rec 624 / ITU Rec 601 Y range: 16..235 Cb/Cr range: 16..240 |
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615 2 ITU Rec 709 Y range: 16..235 Cb/Cr range: 16..240 |
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616 17 ITU Rec 624 / ITU Rec 601 Y range: 0..255 Cb/Cr range: 0..255 |
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617 18 ITU Rec 709 Y range: 0..255 Cb/Cr range: 0..255 |
10166 | 618 |
12333 | 619 samplerate_nom / samplerate_denom = samplerate |
17730 | 620 the number of samples per second, MUST NOT be 0 |
9294 | 621 |
17683 | 622 crc32 checksum |
17710 | 623 Generator polynomial is 0x104C11DB7. Starting value is zero. |
17683 | 624 |
9294 | 625 checksum |
17577 | 626 crc32 checksum |
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627 checksum is calculated for the area pointed to by forward_ptr not |
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628 including the checksum itself (from first byte after the |
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629 packet_header until last byte before the checksum). |
17711 | 630 for frame headers the checksum contains the framecode byte and all |
631 following bytes upto the checksum itself | |
9294 | 632 |
17792 | 633 header_checksum |
634 checksum over the startcode and forward pointer | |
635 | |
17640 | 636 Syncpoint tags: |
637 --------------- | |
638 | |
17800 | 639 back_ptr_div16 |
640 back_ptr = back_ptr_div16 * 16 + 15 | |
641 back_ptr must point to a position within 16 bytes of a syncpoint | |
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642 startcode. This syncpoint MUST be the closest syncpoint such that at |
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643 least one keyframe with a pts lower or equal to the original syncpoint's |
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644 global_key_pts for all streams lies between it and the current syncpoint. |
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645 |
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646 A stream where EOR is set is to be ignored for back_ptr. |
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647 |
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648 global_key_pts |
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649 After a syncpoint, last_pts of each stream is to be set to: |
17872 | 650 last_pts[i] = convert_ts(global_key_pts, time_base[id], time_base[i]) |
17439
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651 |
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652 global_key_pts MUST be bigger or equal to dts of all past frames across |
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653 all streams, and smaller or equal to pts of all future frames. |
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654 |
17640 | 655 Index tags: |
656 ----------- | |
657 | |
16429 | 658 max_pts |
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659 The highest pts in the entire file |
9294 | 660 |
17800 | 661 syncpoint_pos_div16 |
662 offset from begginning of file to up to 15 bytes before the syncpoint | |
17438 | 663 referred to in this index entry. Relative to position of last |
664 syncpoint. | |
665 | |
666 has_keyframe | |
667 indicates whether this stream has a keyframe between this syncpoint and | |
668 the last syncpoint. | |
669 | |
670 keyframe_pts | |
671 The pts of the first keyframe for this stream in the region between the | |
17531 | 672 2 syncpoints, in the stream's timebase. (EOR frames are also keyframes) |
673 | |
674 eor_pts | |
675 Coded only if EOR is set at the position of the syncpoint. The pts of | |
676 that EOR. EOR is unset by the first keyframe after it. | |
9294 | 677 |
16429 | 678 index_ptr |
17726 | 679 Length in bytes of the entire index, from the first byte of the |
680 startcode until the last byte of the checksum. | |
681 Note: A demuxer can use this to find the index when it is written at | |
682 EOF, as index_ptr will always be 12 bytes before the end of file if | |
683 there is an index at all. | |
684 | |
16429 | 685 |
17640 | 686 Info tags: |
687 ---------- | |
688 | |
17669 | 689 stream_id_plus1 |
690 Stream this info packet applies to. If zero, packet applies to whole | |
691 file. | |
692 | |
693 chapter_id | |
694 Id of chapter this packet applies to. If zero, packet applies to whole | |
695 file. Positive chapter_id's are real chapters and MUST NOT overlap. | |
696 Negative chapter_id indicate a sub region of file and not a real | |
697 chapter. chapter_id MUST be unique to the region it represents. | |
17711 | 698 chapter_id n MUST not be used unless there are at least n chapters in the |
699 file | |
17669 | 700 |
701 chapter_start | |
17796
6edc4492b777
universal timestamp (= stream_id + timestamp in stream timebase)
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702 timestamp of start of chapter |
17669 | 703 |
704 chapter_len | |
705 Length of chapter in same timebase of chapter_start. | |
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706 |
9323 | 707 type |
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708 for example: "UTF8" -> string or "JPEG" -> JPEG image |
17685 | 709 "v" -> unsigned integer |
710 "s" -> signed integer | |
711 "r" -> rational | |
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712 Note: nonstandard fields should be prefixed by "X-" |
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713 Note: MUST be less than 6 byte long (might be increased to 64 later) |
9323 | 714 |
13308
8ff17d153414
info packet is now file global, while meta pakcet is stream specific, as discussed with Rich
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|
715 info packet types |
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716 the name of the info entry, valid names are |
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717 "Author" |
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718 "Description" |
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719 "Copyright" |
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720 "Encoder" |
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721 the name & version of the software used for encoding |
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722 "Title" |
17669 | 723 "Cover" (allowed types are "PNG" and "JPEG") |
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724 image of the (CD, DVD, VHS, ..) cover (preferably PNG or JPEG) |
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725 "Source" |
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726 "DVD", "VCD", "CD", "MD", "FM radio", "VHS", "TV", "LD" |
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727 Optional: appended PAL, NTSC, SECAM, ... in parentheses |
18899 | 728 "SourceContainer" |
729 "nut", "mkv", "mov", "avi", "ogg", "rm", "mpeg-ps", "mpeg-ts", "raw" | |
730 "SourceCodecTag" | |
731 the source codec id like a fourcc which was used to store a specific | |
732 stream in its SourceContainer | |
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733 "CaptureDevice" |
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734 "BT878", "BT848", "webcam", ... (more exact names are fine too) |
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735 "CreationTime" |
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736 "2003-01-20 20:13:15Z", ... |
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737 (ISO 8601 format, see http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/iso-time.html) |
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738 Note: do not forget the timezone |
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739 "Keywords" |
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740 "Language" |
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741 ISO 639 and ISO 3166 for language/country code |
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742 something like "eng" (US english), can be 0 if unknown |
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743 and "multi" if several languages |
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744 see http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/englangn.html |
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745 and http://www.din.de/gremien/nas/nabd/iso3166ma/codlstp1/en_listp1.html |
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746 the language code |
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747 "Disposition" |
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748 "original", "dub" (translated), "comment", "lyrics", "karaoke" |
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749 Note: if someone needs some others, please tell us about them, so we |
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750 can add them to the official standard (if they are sane) |
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751 Note: nonstandard fields should be prefixed by "X-" |
17686 | 752 Note: names of fields SHOULD be in English if a word with the same |
17653 | 753 meaning exists in English |
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754 Note: MUST be less than 64 bytes long |
9295 | 755 |
756 value | |
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757 value of this name/type pair |
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758 |
9310 | 759 stuffing |
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760 0x80 can be placed in front of any type v entry for stuffing purposes |
17797
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761 except the forward_ptr and all fields in the frame header where a |
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762 maximum of 8 stuffing bytes per field are allowed |
9294 | 763 |
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764 |
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765 Structure: |
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766 ---------- |
9294 | 767 |
768 the headers MUST be in exactly the following order (to simplify demuxer design) | |
769 main header | |
770 stream_header (id=0) | |
771 stream_header (id=1) | |
772 ... | |
773 stream_header (id=n) | |
774 | |
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775 headers may be repeated, but if they are, then they MUST all be repeated |
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776 together and repeated headers MUST be identical |
17547 | 777 |
778 Each set of repeated headers not at the beginning or end of the file SHOULD | |
779 be stored at the earliest possible position after 2^x where x is | |
15008
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780 an integer and the file end, so the headers may be repeated at 4102 if that is |
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781 the closest position after 2^12=4096 at which the headers can be placed |
9294 | 782 |
17547 | 783 Note: this allows an implementation reading the file to locate backup |
784 headers in O(log filesize) time as opposed to O(filesize) | |
785 | |
15008
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786 headers MUST be placed at least at the start of the file and immediately before |
12501 | 787 the index or at the file end if there is no index |
16428 | 788 headers MUST be repeated at least twice (so they exist three times in a file) |
9295 | 789 |
16685 | 790 there MUST be a sync point immediately before the first frame after any headers |
12503 | 791 |
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792 |
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793 Index: |
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794 ------ |
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795 |
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796 Note: with realtime streaming, there is no end, so no index there either |
17533 | 797 Index MAY only be repeated after main headers. |
17726 | 798 If an index is written anywhere in the file, it MUST be written at end of |
799 file as well. | |
9310 | 800 |
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801 |
17669 | 802 Info: |
803 ----- | |
804 | |
17771 | 805 If a info packet is stored anywhere then a muxer MUST also store an identical |
806 info packet after every main-stream-header set | |
9310 | 807 |
17771 | 808 If a demuxer has seen several info packets with the same chapter_id and |
809 stream_id then it MUST ignore all but the one with the highest position in | |
810 the file | |
17669 | 811 |
17771 | 812 demxuxers SHOULD not search the whole file for info packets |
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813 |
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814 demuxer (non-normative): |
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815 ------------------------ |
12501 | 816 |
16428 | 817 in the absence of a valid header at the beginning, players SHOULD search for |
818 backup headers starting at offset 2^x; for each x players SHOULD end their | |
819 search at a particular offset when any startcode is found (including syncpoint) | |
12501 | 820 |
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821 |
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822 |
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823 Semantic requirements: |
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824 ====================== |
16429 | 825 |
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Change MUST to SHOULD have disposition and if applicable language tags.
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826 If more than one stream of a given stream class is present, each one SHOULD |
16429 | 827 have info tags specifying disposition, and if applicable, language. |
17018
baf593fcf738
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828 It often highly improves usability and is therefore strongly encouraged. |
16429 | 829 |
830 A demuxer MUST NOT demux a stream which contains more than one stream, or which | |
831 is wrapped in a structure to facilitate more than one stream or otherwise | |
832 duplicate the role of a container. any such file is to be considered invalid. | |
17798
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|
833 for example vorbis in ogg in nut is invalid, as is |
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834 mpegvideo+mpegaudio in mpeg-ps/ts in nut or dvvideo + dvaudio in dv in nut |
16429 | 835 |
12501 | 836 |
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837 |
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838 Sample code (Public Domain, & untested): |
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839 ======================================== |
9294 | 840 |
841 typedef BufferContext{ | |
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842 uint8_t *buf; |
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843 uint8_t *buf_ptr; |
9294 | 844 }BufferContext; |
845 | |
846 static inline uint64_t get_bytes(BufferContext *bc, int count){ | |
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847 uint64_t val=0; |
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848 |
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849 assert(count>0 && count<9); |
9294 | 850 |
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851 for(i=0; i<count; i++){ |
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852 val <<=8; |
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853 val += *(bc->buf_ptr++); |
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854 } |
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855 |
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856 return val; |
9294 | 857 } |
858 | |
859 static inline void put_bytes(BufferContext *bc, int count, uint64_t val){ | |
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860 uint64_t val=0; |
9294 | 861 |
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862 assert(count>0 && count<9); |
9294 | 863 |
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864 for(i=count-1; i>=0; i--){ |
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865 *(bc->buf_ptr++)= val >> (8*i); |
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866 } |
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867 |
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868 return val; |
9294 | 869 } |
870 | |
10061 | 871 static inline uint64_t get_v(BufferContext *bc){ |
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872 uint64_t val= 0; |
9294 | 873 |
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874 for(; space_left(bc) > 0; ){ |
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875 int tmp= *(bc->buf_ptr++); |
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876 if(tmp&0x80) |
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877 val= (val<<7) + tmp - 0x80; |
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878 else |
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879 return (val<<7) + tmp; |
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880 } |
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881 |
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882 return -1; |
9294 | 883 } |
884 | |
10061 | 885 static inline int put_v(BufferContext *bc, uint64_t val){ |
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886 int i; |
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887 |
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888 if(space_left(bc) < 9) return -1; |
9294 | 889 |
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890 val &= 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFULL; // FIXME can only encode upto 63 bits currently |
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891 for(i=7; ; i+=7){ |
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892 if(val>>i == 0) break; |
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893 } |
9294 | 894 |
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895 for(i-=7; i>0; i-=7){ |
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896 *(bc->buf_ptr++)= 0x80 | (val>>i); |
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897 } |
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898 *(bc->buf_ptr++)= val&0x7F; |
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899 |
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900 return 0; |
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*signed int vlc (needs only 5 lines of code so its no increase of complexity)
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901 } |
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902 |
12333 | 903 static int64_t get_dts(int64_t pts, int64_t *pts_cache, int delay, int reset){ |
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904 if(reset) memset(pts_cache, -1, delay*sizeof(int64_t)); |
12333 | 905 |
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906 while(delay--){ |
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907 int64_t t= pts_cache[delay]; |
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908 if(t < pts){ |
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909 pts_cache[delay]= pts; |
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910 pts= t; |
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911 } |
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912 } |
12333 | 913 |
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914 return pts; |
12333 | 915 } |
916 | |
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Reformat section titles so that it becomes easier to tell sections and
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917 |
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918 |
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919 Authors: |
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920 ======== |
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some changes (michael: is the colorspace_type field needed?)
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921 |
16428 | 922 Folks from the MPlayer developers mailing list (http://www.mplayerhq.hu/). |
923 Authors in alphabetical order: (FIXME! Tell us if we left you out) | |
16843 | 924 Beregszaszi, Alex (alex@fsn.hu) |
925 Bunkus, Moritz (moritz@bunkus.org) | |
926 Diedrich, Tobias (ranma+mplayer@tdiedrich.de) | |
927 Felker, Rich (dalias@aerifal.cx) | |
928 Franz, Fabian (FabianFranz@gmx.de) | |
929 Gereoffy, Arpad (arpi@thot.banki.hu) | |
930 Hess, Andreas (jaska@gmx.net) | |
931 Niedermayer, Michael (michaelni@gmx.at) | |
932 Shimon, Oded (ods15@ods15.dyndns.org) |