annotate es/Leame.1st @ 500:3e78daaad99b

Finished undo chapter
author Igor TAmara <igor@tamarapatino.org>
date Fri, 07 Nov 2008 21:33:22 -0500
parents f89ee6f63ea2
children b05e35d641e4
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1 = Parámetros de Organización =
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2
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3 * Se mantienen los nombres de los archivos
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4 * Se traduce solamente el contenido
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5 * Copie los archivos de en a es y tradúzcalos
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6 * Las gráficas son tan importantes como los archivos
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7 de texto, ya han sido traducidas
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8 * Encoding UTF-8 para las tildes, eñes y demás
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9 * Ancho de línea de 70 caracteres
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10
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11 = ¿Cómo contribuir? =
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12 Obtenga la copia :
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13 hg clone http://mercurial.intuxication.org/hg/mercurial_book_es/
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14
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15 Esto le ofrecerá un clon del repositorio en el directorio recién
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16 creado '''mercurial_book_es''':
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17
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18 mercurial_book_es
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19 |
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20 |-- en
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21 |-- es
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22 |-- examples
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23 |-- html
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24 `-- sillybench
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25
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26 El directorio de trabajo es '''es'''.
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29 Una vez que haya traducido o aplicado correcciones a los archivos de
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30 su copia local, haga un commit
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31
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32 hg commit -m "comentario descriptivo de lo que hizo"
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33
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34 Siempre mantenga actualizado su repositorio local
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35 hg pull
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36 hg update
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37
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38 Hay dos formas de hacer la contribución, primero envíe un correo a
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39 igor@tamarapatino.org indicando lo que desea hacer, se le puede
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40 otorgar permiso de escritura en el repositorio, o si lo prefiere,
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41 puede enviar un parche(patch). Describimos a continuación los dos
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42 procedimientos : Repositorio Público y Parches. Es preferible el
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43 repositorio público frente a los parches, puesto que estos segundos
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44 pueden tardar en propagarse más.
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45
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46 == Repositorio Público ==
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47 Este sería el método preferido para que los cambios que usted haga
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48 automáticamente queden en el repositorio y todos los traductores
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49 podamos contar con la información rápidamente.
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50
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51 Una vez que usted haya recibido la información necesaria, habiendo
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52 elegido su usuario y su clave podrá "publicar"(push).
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53
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54 Como este es un sistema distribuido, después de hacer la
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55 consignación(commit), deberá publicarlo.
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56
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57 hg push
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58
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59 Se le solicitará su usuario y clave.
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60
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61 == Parches ==
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62 Este método exige que alguien reciba el parche y haga manualmente la
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63 aplicación del mismo, ese alguien es igor@tamarapatino.org por ahora,
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64 después de haber hecho commit en su repositorio local, revise su log.
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65
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66 hg log | head
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67
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68 Esta última orden le permitirá establecer la última revisión que se
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69 consignó en su repositorio local, su identificador de revisión tendrá
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70 el formato número:hash . Generaría el archivo
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71 /tmp/patchparahgbook.patch con la orden
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72
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73 hg -o /tmp/patchparahgbook.patch REV
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74
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75 donde REV es el identificador de revisión que debió haber encontrado.
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76
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77 = Traducción/Revisión =
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78
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79 En esta sección indicamos quienes están traduciendo
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80 y quienes revisando lo traducido. Coloque su nombre
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81 para que los demás colaboradores sepan en dónde
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82 enfocar sus esfuerzos.
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83
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84 Indique qué archivos está traduciendo y/o revisando en
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85 la lista siguiente. Cada archivo debe ser traducido y
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86 revisado antes de poder considerarlo terminado. El revisor
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87 no puede ser la misma persona que hizo la traducción.
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88
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89 Cada traductor puede traducir o revisar el archivo que
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90 desee, teniendo siempre en cuenta los archivos que ya tengan
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91 alguien a cargo y escogiendo en la medida de lo posible
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92 otros que no lo tengan. Los arreglos de 'typos' y problemas
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93 de ortografía son siempre bienvenidos.
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94
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95 == Archivos en proceso de traducción ==
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96 ||'''archivo''' ||'''traductor'''||'''Estado'''||'''Inicio'''|| '''Fin''' ||
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97 || 00book.tex || Igor Támara || 100% || 16/10/2008 || 16/10/2008 ||
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98 || branch.tex || Igor Támara || 100% || 16/10/2008 || 19/10/2008 ||
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99 || preface.tex || Javier Rojas || 100% || 18/10/2008 || 19/10/2008 ||
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100 || daily.tex || Igor Támara || 100% || 19/10/2008 || 26/10/2008 ||
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101 || tour-basic.tex || Javier Rojas || 100% || 19/10/2008 || 27/10/2008 ||
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102 || undo.tex || Igor Támara || 100% || 26/10/2008 || 07/11/2008 ||
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103 || tour-merge.tex || Javier Rojas || 100% || 28/10/2008 || 03/11/2008 ||
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104 || concepts.tex || Javier Rojas || 7% || 03/11/2008 || ||
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105
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106 == Archivos en proceso de revisión ==
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107 ||'''archivo''' || '''revisor''' ||'''Estado'''||'''Inicio'''|| '''Fin''' ||
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108 || 00book.tex || || || || ||
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109 || branch.tex || || || || ||
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110 || preface.tex || || || || ||
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111 || daily.tex || || || || ||
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112 || tour-basic.tex || || || || ||
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113
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114 == Archivos terminados ==
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115
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116 = Unificación de Términos de Traducción =
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117 Por favor mantenga esta lista en orden alfabético
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118
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119 La mayor parte del texto a continuación fue tomado del glosario de la
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120 traducción del libro de subversion al idioma español.
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121
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122 Pequeño glosario de términos traducidos. Aquí deben ponerse esos
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123 "bonitos palabros" que tanto nos ha costado traducir para evitar
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124 inconsistencias en la traducción por varias personas. Normalmente
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125 son técnicos, pero puede incluirse cualquier "giro" o expresión que
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126 consideremos útil mantener y repetir a lo largo de la traducción.
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127 En el libro final posiblemente se añada una versión de este fichero
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128 como apéndice.
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129
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130 Para incluir algo, hay que especificar la expresión en inglés, su
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131 versión traducida, y una pequeña explicación como justificación.
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132
472
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133 Anne: Ana
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134 Back out: Retroceder
497
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135 Binary test: Prueba binaria
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136 Bob : Roberto
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137 Branch: Rama
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138 Bug: Fallo
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139 Build Script: Guión de construcción
442
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140 Builtin: integrada/o
432
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141 Changelog: Bitácora de Cambios
430
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142 Changeset: Conjunto de Cambios
423
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143 Command: Orden
430
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144 Commit: Consignar
444
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145 Directory: Directorio
441
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146 File: Archivo
483
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147 Head: Principal. En el contexto de revisiones HEAD se sugiere usar "frente"
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148 Hook: Gancho
430
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149 Merge: Fusión
423
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150 Milestone: Etapa
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151 Mistake: Equivocación, cometida por un humano
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152 Patch: Parche
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153 Path: Ruta de archivo
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154 Probe: Sondeo
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155 Pull: Jalar
432
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156 Push: Publicar
423
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157 Release: Versión o liberación de versión
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158 Revlog: Bitácora de revisiones
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159 Roll back: NO se traduce Ver más abajo
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160 Snapshot: instantánea
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161 Tip: punta
487
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162 Update: actualización
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163
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164 abort -> cancelar
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165
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166 ancestry -> ascendencia
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167 La traducción literal concuerda con el significado que se le
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168 da al mismo término en la jerga de Subversion.
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169
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170 API, GUI -> no se traduce
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171 La primera vez que aparecen, poner nota del traductor indicando
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172 qué significan las siglas y su traducción al castellano. De
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173 hecho, verificar la aparición de las notas de traductor en el
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174 sitio correcto debería ser una entrada del fichero TODO...
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175
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176 back-end -> ???
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177 Se refiere al término opuesto de front-end. En el octavo
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178 capítulo se usa al menos tres veces para referirse al "motor"
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179 que hay detrás de la capa de base de datos. Hmmm... pero motor
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180 suena raro...
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181
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182 backup -> copia de seguridad
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183 Obtenido del glosario ORCA.
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184
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185 Blanket Access Control -> Control de acceso simple
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186 Por ahora no se me ocurre mejor traducción. Aquí blanket se
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187 refiere a un control muy genérico, con poca granularidad.
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188
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189 branching and merging -> crear ramas y fusionarlas
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190 Aunque branch está bien traducido como rama o rama de desarrollo
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191 (en su versión "verbose"), no hay forma de hacer de un sustantivo
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192 un verbo. Por lo tanto, se crean, borran y fusionan ramas.
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193
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194 browse -> navegar
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195 Usado con frecuencia para navegar por directorios o repositorios.
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196
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197 build -> comodín
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198 No es que se traduzca como comodín, sino que en función del
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199 contexto es una de esas palabras que significan muchas cosas y
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200 no es posible traducirla literalmente. Por ejemplo, cuando se
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201 usa como verbo se suele referir a compilar código fuente. En
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202 cambio, cuando se usa como sustantivo se suele referir a una
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203 versión particular del fichero binario ejecutable de un software,
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204 resultado de una compilación previa. Cuidado con esto. Anotar
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205 aquí traducciones realizadas para comparar.
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206
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207 ...using and building Subversion...
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208 ...usando y compilando Subversion...
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209
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210 changeset -> ???
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211 Aparentemente conjunto de cambios. No puede ser traducido
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212 como parche, el libro inglés indica que un "changeset" es un
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213 parche con nombre único. Por ahora dejar en "changeset", ya se
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214 buscará algo en el futuro. Para ver la descripción del libro,
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215 buscar en ch04.xml la frase "Subversion y los changesets".
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216
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217 cheap copy -> copia ligera
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218 Otras posibilidades barajadas son copia barata o liviana.
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219 Veremos si en el futuro éstas suenan mejor.
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220
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221 click -> haga clic, pulse
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222 Traducción obtenida del glosario. Parece ser que click sólo se
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223 deja tal cual cuando se refiere a un sonido mecánico. Cuando
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224 se refiere a pulsar el botón del ratón se traduce como clic.
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225
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226 CVS -> No se traduce
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227
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228 DAV share -> recurso DAV compartido
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229 No tengo ni idea de lo que es un DAV share, así que cuando me
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230 entere (o alguien lo haga), que cambie esta entrada del glosario.
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231
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232 directory -> directorio
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233 Entre carpeta y directorio se prefiere directorio.
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234
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235 email -> correo electrónico
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236 Entre las posibilidades de dejar la palabra tal cual, añadir un
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237 guión (e-mail) y poner la traducción, se prefiere la traducción
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238 completa.
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239
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240 FAQ -> FAQ
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241 Se deja tal cual pues se explica en el primer párrafo del prólogo
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242 como una nota del traductor, y porque es muy frecuente ver su
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243 uso en español. PyRF, PUFs o PFs son realmente desconcertantes.
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244
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245 file -> fichero
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246 Entre archivo y fichero se prefiere fichero.
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247
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248 file path -> ruta del fichero
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249 Cuando se ve path a secas, la forma más común de traducirlo
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250 es decir ruta a secas igualmente. Bueno, el glosario de ORCA
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251 también da como válidos camino y trayectoria. A ser posible
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252 usar ruta si el contexto de la frase así lo favorece, en caso
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253 contrario probar con camino o trayectoria.
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254
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255 hash table -> tabla hash
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256 Sugerido por Miguel Pérez Ibars. También encontrado en el
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257 glosario ORCA.
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258
456
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259 history -> Depende del contexto. Cuando se use en el contexto del repositorio
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260 (the history of the repository), debe usarse el término historial. En otro
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261 caso, historia. Valga anotar que ambas traducciones son aceptadas (al menos
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262 en wordreference.com).
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263
443
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264 hook, to hook -> gancho, enganchar
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265 Usado en terminología de programación para indicar que el usuario
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266 tiene un mecanismo estándar para modificar el comportamiento de
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267 un dispositivo existente. Un ejemplo a nivel de programación
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268 son las funciones "callback" que se pasan como parámetros,
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269 o a nivel de sistema, scripts que existen en un directorio
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270 concreto y que se ejecutan por el servidor de Subversion para
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271 realizar tareas personalizadas por el administrador.
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272
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273 ignore pattern -> ignorar patrones, pero patrones de exclusión
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274 Subversion permite que ciertas opciones almacenen patrones
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275 con los que se ignoran ficheros no versionados. Cuando la
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276 frase original usa el verbo, se puede traducir como ignorar
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277 directamente, pero cuando se usa a modo de sustantivo,
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278 es mejor traducirlo como "patrón de exclusión" en lugar de
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279 "patrón a ignorar".
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280
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281 language -> lenguaje o idioma
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282 Precisamente para diferenciar si nos estamos refiriendo a un
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283 lenguaje de programación o a un lenguaje hablado por humanos,
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284 se usará idioma en este último caso.
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285
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286 language binding, SWIG binding, wrapper -> interfaz, enlace, ligadura, envoltorio...
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287 Dependiendo del contexto, y desde un punto de vista personal,
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288 se puede traducir esta palabra de muchas maneras. Una manera
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289 genérica es decir "Interfaz con el lenguaje X", o "Ligadura con
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290 el lenguaje X". Habitualmente, cuando se habla de una interfaz,
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291 se está hablando de un binding ligero, o que únicamente permite
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292 a hacer llamadas a funciones del lenguaje de programación A
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293 desde el lenguaje de programación B.
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294
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295 En cambio, se suele hablar de wrapper cuando el código entre
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296 el lenguaje A y B es algo más complejo, o adapta el estilo de
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297 programación del lenguaje A al del lenguaje B. Un ejemplo de esto
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298 último sería una librería en C cuyo binding en Perl/Ruby/Python
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299 fuese orientado a objetos.
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300
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301 Aparte, wrapper también se usa cuando se habla de una función
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302 o librería que engloba o asimila otra menor, con el propósito
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303 de extender su funcionalidad o hacerla más fácil de usar
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304 de cara al usuario, sin necesidad de cruzar ninguna barrera
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305 "intra-lenguaje".
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306
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307 Por lo tanto, hay que decidir con cuidado el contexto de la
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308 palabra binding o wrapper, y escoger una. En el capítulo octavo
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309 hay varios usos, aunque como son relativos a SWIG, se habla de
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310 interfaces o envoltorios simplificados, puesto que se generan
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311 de manera automática y no hay ninguna "conversión" en el estilo
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312 de uso.
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313
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314 lazy copy -> copia vaga
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315 Horrible traducción literal. ¿Sugerencias?
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316
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317 location (repository) -> ubicación (del repositorio)
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318 Cuidado, no traducir como localización, que es la acción y
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319 efecto de localizar.
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320
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321 log, log message -> informe de cambios, mensaje del informe de cambios
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322 Traducción extraída del manual de CVS en español. La traducción
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323 de "log message" es muy larga, pero únicamente porque no se
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324 tiene contexto alguno. Con contexto suele ser posible omitir
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325 la palabra informe si se considera apropiado.
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326
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327 memory pool -> área de memoria
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328 Traducción temporal hasta que se revise algún libro en castellano
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329 de programación que use el mismo término.
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330
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331 merge -> fusionar cambios, fusión
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332 Obtenida referencia del manual de CVS en castellano, la otra
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333 alternativa obvia para traducir merge es mezclar. No obstante,
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334 mezclar tiene una connotación de azar al realizar la mezcla. Se
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335 mezclan líquidos, ingredientes, etc. En cambio, un "merge" es
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336 cualquier cosa menos un proceso realizado al azar (especialmente
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337 si ha habido conflictos). En caso de traducir como sustantivo,
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338 fusión vuelve a "sonar mejor" que mezcla, que por alguna razón me
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339 suena a un combustible especial usado en vehículos de transporte.
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340
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341 namespace -> espacio de nombrado,
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342 Tecnicismo del C++, obtenido de la traducción del libro
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343 "Pensar en C++", en concreto la sección 3.2 disponible en
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344 http://arco.inf-cr.uclm.es/~dvilla/pensar_en_C++/ch02s03.html#id2589039.
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345
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346 open source -> código fuente abierto
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347 Referencia: http://es.tldp.org/ORCA/glosario.html#O
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348
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349 plugins -> módulos
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350 El término fue extraído del glosario de ORCA.
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351
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352 repository -> repositorio
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353 No hay mucha alternativa, ¿verdad?
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354
476
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355 roll back -> No se traduce
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356 El significado igual que en los ambientes
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357 de sistemas manejadores de bases de datos se refiere a la atomicidad
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358 e integridad al devolver un conjunto de acciones que permitan dejar
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359 el repositorio en un estado consistente previo.
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360
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361 repository layout -> estructura del repositorio En referencia a cómo
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362 están organizados los directorios.
443
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363
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364 schedule -> programa o planifica
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365 Parece más correcta la opción programa, en el sentido de pensar en
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366 hacer algo.
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367 schedule foo to be added -> programa la adición de foo
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368
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369 switch -> cambiar
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370 Únicamente cuando se habla del comando svn switch, no como la
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371 palabra switch aislada, que significa parámetro o interruptor.
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372 En el contexto de svn switch, traducirlo como cambiar. Quizás
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373 traducir como reubicar una vez haya suficiente material traducido
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374 y una lectura final sugiera una u otra traducción.
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375
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376 tag, tagging -> etiqueta, etiquetar
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377 Expresión ya común en español.
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378
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379 three-way differencing program -> programa de diferenciación a tres bandas
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380 Una diferenciación "normal" es generar las diferencias entre
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381 dos ficheros. Una diferenciación a tres bandas es comparar las
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382 diferencias entre tres ficheros, y se usa cuando se intentan
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383 fusionar los cambios de una copia local junto con los cambios
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384 recibidos del repositorio (por ejemplo, otra persona ha cambiado
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385 el fichero sobre el que trabajábamos).
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386
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387 timestamp, datestamp -> marca de tiempo, fecha y hora
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388 Esa traducción viene del ORCA. No obstante en muchos casos es
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389 más claro traducirla como "fecha de fichero" o "fecha" a secas.
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390 Ejemplo: ...will show the modification timestamp. -> mostrará
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391 la fecha de modificación. Decir "mostrará la marca de tiempo de
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392 la modificación" o algo así es una traducción demasiado literal,
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393 así que ojo con el contexto.
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394
495
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395 track -> seguir, monitorear
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396 este término suele ser usado cuando se habla de archivos, y de llevar la
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397 pista o monitorear los cambios en un archivo.
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398
443
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399 trunk -> tronco
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400 Se refiere al nombre que recibe la línea de desarrollo
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401 principal del repositorio que no está asociada a ninguna rama
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402 en particular. Traducción obtenida del manual de CVS en español.
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403
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404 URL -> No se traduce
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405
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406 working copy -> copia (de trabajo) local/activa
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407 Traducción similar a la de "commit data" (razonamiento
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408 cliente-servidor).
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409
445
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410 = Términos a no-usar =
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411 Evite el uso de estos términos en la traducción aún si son de uso
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412 común para usted; el consenso general de la comunidad hispana puede
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413 ser diferente del que usted tenga ;)
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414
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415 * "archivo". Use "fichero" en su lugar.
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416 * "carpeta". Use "directorio".
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417
446
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418 = Notas del traductor =
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419 Por favor use el comando \ndt para insertar notas del traductor. Este
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420 comando requiere un argumento. Por ejemplo: \ndt{Del inglés del original.}
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421
429
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422 = Para compilar =
436
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423 He aquí algunas dependencias para Debian:
429
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424
432
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425 apt-get install texlive-latex-extra tex4ht diffstat patchutils \
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426 inkscape graphviz texlive-pdfetex
429
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427
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428 = Traductores =
437
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429 Por favor mantenga esta lista en orden alfabético de acuerdo al
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430 apellido.
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431
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432 * Javier Rojas <jerojasro@devnull.li>
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433 * Igor Támara <igor@tamarapatino.org>
426
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434 * Su nombre <su@e.mail>